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Yu B, Bai J, Guan Y, Huang X, Liang L, Ren Z, Song X, Zhang T, Yang C, Dai F, Wang X, Sheng X, Peng J, Wang L, Wang Y, Yin L. Fully biodegradable and self-powered nerve guidance conduit based on zinc-molybdenum batteries for peripheral nerve repair. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116578. [PMID: 39038398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) poses a significant public health issue, often leading to muscle atrophy and persistent neuropathic pain, which can drastically impact the quality of life for patients. Electrical stimulation represents an effective and non-pharmacological treatment to promote nerve regeneration. Yet, the postoperative application of electrical stimulation remains a challenge. Here, we propose a fully biodegradable, self-powered nerve guidance conduit (NGC) based on dissolvable zinc-molybdenum batteries. The conduit can offer topographic guidance for nerve regeneration and deliver sustained electrical cues between both ends of a transected nerve stump, extending beyond the surgical window. Schwann cell proliferation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production are enhanced by the introduction of the zinc-molybdenum batteries. In rodent models with 10-mm sciatic nerve damage, the device effectively enhances nerve regeneration and motor function recovery. This study offers innovative strategies for creating biodegradable and electroactive devices that hold important promise to optimize therapeutic outcomes for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xueying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lijing Liang
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhiqi Ren
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiangyu Song
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075051, China
| | - Tieyuan Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Shandong University Center for Orthopedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fanqi Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226007, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100048, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226007, China.
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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2
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Khan AA, Kim JH. Recent advances in materials and manufacturing of implantable devices for continuous health monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116461. [PMID: 38850737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Implantable devices are vital in healthcare, enabling continuous monitoring, early disease detection, informed decision-making, enhanced outcomes, cost reduction, and chronic condition management. These devices provide real-time data, allowing proactive healthcare interventions, and contribute to overall improvements in patient care and quality of life. The success of implantable devices relies on the careful selection of materials and manufacturing methods. Recent materials research and manufacturing advancements have yielded implantable devices with enhanced biocompatibility, reliability, and functionality, benefiting human healthcare. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in implantable medical devices, emphasizing the importance of material selection and manufacturing methods, including biocompatibility, self-healing capabilities, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and conductivity. It explores various manufacturing techniques such as microfabrication, 3D printing, laser micromachining, electrospinning, screen printing, inkjet printing, and nanofabrication. The paper also discusses challenges and limitations in the field, including biocompatibility concerns, privacy and data security issues, and regulatory hurdles for implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akib Abdullah Khan
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, 98686, USA
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, 98686, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, WA, 98195, USA.
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Zhang G, Yang S, Yang JF, Gonzalez-Medrano D, Miskin MZ, Koman VB, Zeng Y, Li SX, Kuehne M, Liu AT, Brooks AM, Kumar M, Strano MS. High energy density picoliter-scale zinc-air microbatteries for colloidal robotics. Sci Robot 2024; 9:eade4642. [PMID: 39141708 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.ade4642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The recent interest in microscopic autonomous systems, including microrobots, colloidal state machines, and smart dust, has created a need for microscale energy storage and harvesting. However, macroscopic materials for energy storage have noted incompatibilities with microfabrication techniques, creating substantial challenges to realizing microscale energy systems. Here, we photolithographically patterned a microscale zinc/platinum/SU-8 system to generate the highest energy density microbattery at the picoliter (10-12 liter) scale. The device scavenges ambient or solution-dissolved oxygen for a zinc oxidation reaction, achieving an energy density ranging from 760 to 1070 watt-hours per liter at scales below 100 micrometers lateral and 2 micrometers thickness in size. The parallel nature of photolithography processes allows 10,000 devices per wafer to be released into solution as colloids with energy stored on board. Within a volume of only 2 picoliters each, these primary microbatteries can deliver open circuit voltages of 1.05 ± 0.12 volts, with total energies ranging from 5.5 ± 0.3 to 7.7 ± 1.0 microjoules and a maximum power near 2.7 nanowatts. We demonstrated that such systems can reliably power a micrometer-sized memristor circuit, providing access to nonvolatile memory. We also cycled power to drive the reversible bending of microscale bimorph actuators at 0.05 hertz for mechanical functions of colloidal robots. Additional capabilities, such as powering two distinct nanosensor types and a clock circuit, were also demonstrated. The high energy density, low volume, and simple configuration promise the mass fabrication and adoption of such picoliter zinc-air batteries for micrometer-scale, colloidal robotics with autonomous functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sungyun Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jing Fan Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Gonzalez-Medrano
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marc Z Miskin
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yuwen Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sylvia Xin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthias Kuehne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Albert Tianxiang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Allan M Brooks
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Zhang F, Zheng Y, Wang L, Kang Y, Dong H, Li H, Zhao X, Li B, Chen H, Qiu J, Sang Y, Liu C, Liu H, Wang S. Implantable Zinc Ion Battery and Osteogenesis-Immunoregulation Bifunction of Its Catabolite. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39083700 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible batteries can power implantable electronic devices and have broad applications in medicine. However, the controlled degradation of implantable batteries, the impact of battery catabolites on surrounding tissues, and wireless charging designs are often overlooked. Here, we designed an implantable zinc ion battery (ZIB) using a gelatin/polycaprolactone-based composite gel electrolyte. The prepared ZIBs deliver a high specific capacity of 244.0 mA h g-1 (0.5C) and long cycling stability of 300 cycles (4C). ZIBs were completely degraded within 8 weeks in rats and 30 days in a phosphate-buffered saline lipase solution, demonstrating good biocompatibility and degradability. ZIBs catabolites induced macrophage M2 polarization and exhibited anti-inflammatory properties, with mRNA levels of the M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 up-regulated 15.8-fold and 13.4-fold, respectively, compared to the blank control group. Meanwhile, the expressions of two typical osteogenic markers, osteopontin and osteocalcin, were up-regulated by 3.6-fold and 5.6-fold, respectively, demonstrating that designed ZIBs promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, a wireless energy transmission module was designed using 3D printing technology to realize real-time charging of the ZIB in rats. The designed ZIB is a promising power source for implantable medical electronic devices and also serves as a functional material to accelerate bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University.Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yongchao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Huitong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Houzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoru Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Boyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012 Shandong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University.Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Alam F, Ashfaq Ahmed M, Jalal AH, Siddiquee I, Adury RZ, Hossain GMM, Pala N. Recent Progress and Challenges of Implantable Biodegradable Biosensors. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:475. [PMID: 38675286 PMCID: PMC11051912 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Implantable biosensors have evolved to the cutting-edge technology of personalized health care and provide promise for future directions in precision medicine. This is the reason why these devices stand to revolutionize our approach to health and disease management and offer insights into our bodily functions in ways that have never been possible before. This review article tries to delve into the important developments, new materials, and multifarious applications of these biosensors, along with a frank discussion on the challenges that the devices will face in their clinical deployment. In addition, techniques that have been employed for the improvement of the sensitivity and specificity of the biosensors alike are focused on in this article, like new biomarkers and advanced computational and data communicational models. A significant challenge of miniaturized in situ implants is that they need to be removed after serving their purpose. Surgical expulsion provokes discomfort to patients, potentially leading to post-operative complications. Therefore, the biodegradability of implants is an alternative method for removal through natural biological processes. This includes biocompatible materials to develop sensors that remain in the body over longer periods with a much-reduced immune response and better device longevity. However, the biodegradability of implantable sensors is still in its infancy compared to conventional non-biodegradable ones. Sensor design, morphology, fabrication, power, electronics, and data transmission all play a pivotal role in developing medically approved implantable biodegradable biosensors. Advanced material science and nanotechnology extended the capacity of different research groups to implement novel courses of action to design implantable and biodegradable sensor components. But the actualization of such potential for the transformative nature of the health sector, in the first place, will have to surmount the challenges related to biofouling, managing power, guaranteeing data security, and meeting today's rules and regulations. Solving these problems will, therefore, not only enhance the performance and reliability of implantable biodegradable biosensors but also facilitate the translation of laboratory development into clinics, serving patients worldwide in their better disease management and personalized therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (A.H.J.); (G.M.M.H.)
| | | | - Ahmed Hasnain Jalal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (A.H.J.); (G.M.M.H.)
| | - Ishrak Siddiquee
- Institute of Microsystems Technology, University of South-Eastern Norway, Horten, 3184 Vestfold, Norway;
| | - Rabeya Zinnat Adury
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - G M Mehedi Hossain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (A.H.J.); (G.M.M.H.)
| | - Nezih Pala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
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Yamada S. Biodegradable Mg-Mo 2C MXene Air Batteries for Transient Energy Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14759-14769. [PMID: 38497977 PMCID: PMC10982942 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Primary batteries are the fundamental power sources in small electronic gadgets and bio/ecoresorbable batteries. They are fabricated from benign and biodegradable materials and are of interest in environmental sensing and implants because of their low toxicity toward the environment and human body during decomposition. However, current bio/ecoresorbable batteries suffer from low operating voltages and output powers because of the occurrence of undesired hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) at cathodes. Herein, Mo2C MXene was used as a cathode to achieve high operating voltage and areal power. Mo2C provides energy barriers for HERs in alkaline solutions, and such barriers suppress HERs and allow the oxygen reduction reaction to dominate at the cathode. The fabricated battery exhibits an operating voltage and areal power of 1.4 V and 0.92 mW cm-2, respectively. Degradation tests show that the full cell completely degrades within 123 days, leaving only Mo fragments from the electrode and biodegradable encapsulation. This study provides insights into bio/ecoresorbable batteries with high power and operating voltage, which can be used for environmental sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Room 113, Building
No. A15, Area A01, 6-6-01 Aoba,
Aramakiaza, Aobaku, Sendaishi, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Xu M, Liu Y, Yang K, Li S, Wang M, Wang J, Yang D, Shkunov M, Silva SRP, Castro FA, Zhao Y. Minimally invasive power sources for implantable electronics. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20220106. [PMID: 38854488 PMCID: PMC10867386 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
As implantable medical electronics (IMEs) developed for healthcare monitoring and biomedical therapy are extensively explored and deployed clinically, the demand for non-invasive implantable biomedical electronics is rapidly surging. Current rigid and bulky implantable microelectronic power sources are prone to immune rejection and incision, or cannot provide enough energy for long-term use, which greatly limits the development of miniaturized implantable medical devices. Herein, a comprehensive review of the historical development of IMEs and the applicable miniaturized power sources along with their advantages and limitations is given. Despite recent advances in microfabrication techniques, biocompatible materials have facilitated the development of IMEs system toward non-invasive, ultra-flexible, bioresorbable, wireless and multifunctional, progress in the development of minimally invasive power sources in implantable systems has remained limited. Here three promising minimally invasive power sources summarized, including energy storage devices (biodegradable primary batteries, rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors), human body energy harvesters (nanogenerators and biofuel cells) and wireless power transfer (far-field radiofrequency radiation, near-field wireless power transfer, ultrasonic and photovoltaic power transfer). The energy storage and energy harvesting mechanism, configurational design, material selection, output power and in vivo applications are also discussed. It is expected to give a comprehensive understanding of the minimally invasive power sources driven IMEs system for painless health monitoring and biomedical therapy with long-term stable functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Kai Yang
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Shaoyin Li
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Manman Wang
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Dong Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Maxim Shkunov
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - S Ravi P Silva
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Fernando A Castro
- Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington Middlesex UK
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington Middlesex UK
- Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College London London UK
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Zhang Y, Lee G, Li S, Hu Z, Zhao K, Rogers JA. Advances in Bioresorbable Materials and Electronics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11722-11773. [PMID: 37729090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Transient electronic systems represent an emerging class of technology that is defined by an ability to fully or partially dissolve, disintegrate, or otherwise disappear at controlled rates or triggered times through engineered chemical or physical processes after a required period of operation. This review highlights recent advances in materials chemistry that serve as the foundations for a subclass of transient electronics, bioresorbable electronics, that is characterized by an ability to resorb (or, equivalently, to absorb) in a biological environment. The primary use cases are in systems designed to insert into the human body, to provide sensing and/or therapeutic functions for timeframes aligned with natural biological processes. Mechanisms of bioresorption then harmlessly eliminate the devices, and their associated load on and risk to the patient, without the need of secondary removal surgeries. The core content focuses on the chemistry of the enabling electronic materials, spanning organic and inorganic compounds to hybrids and composites, along with their mechanisms of chemical reaction in biological environments. Following discussions highlight the use of these materials in bioresorbable electronic components, sensors, power supplies, and in integrated diagnostic and therapeutic systems formed using specialized methods for fabrication and assembly. A concluding section summarizes opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shuo Li
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ziying Hu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kaiyu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Yamada S. Bioderived Ionic Liquids with Alkaline Metal Ions for Transient Ionics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302385. [PMID: 37119462 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Choline lactate, an ionic liquid composed of bioderived materials, offers an opportunity to develop biodegradable electrochemical devices. Although ionic liquids possess large potential windows, high conductivity, and are nonvolatile, they do not exhibit electrochemical characteristics such as intercalation pseudocapacitance, redox pseudocapacitance, and electrochromism. Herein, bioderived ionic liquids are developed, including metal ions, Li, Na, and Ca, to yield ionic liquid with electrochemical behavior. Differential scanning calorimetry results reveal that the ionic liquids remained in liquid state from 230.42 to 373.15 K. The conductivities of the ionic liquids with metal are lower than those of the pristine ionic liquid, whereas the capacitance change negligibly. A protocol of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 301C modified MITI test (I) confirms that the pristine ionic liquid and ionic liquids with metal are readily biodegradable. Additionally, an ionic gel comprising the ionic liquid and poly(vinyl alcohol) is biodegradable. An electrochromic device is developed using an ionic liquid containing Li ions. The device successfully changes color at -2.5 V, demonstrating the intercalation of Li ions into the WO3 crystal. The results suggest that the electrochemically active ionic liquids have potential for the development of environmentally benign devices, sustainable electronics, and bioresorbable/implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Robotics, Division of Mechanical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramakiaza, Aobaku, Sendaishi, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
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Yamada S. A Transient Pseudo-Capacitor Using a Bioderived Ionic Liquid with Na Ions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205598. [PMID: 36651124 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A pseudo-capacitor with transient behavior is applied in implantable, disposable, and bioresorbable devices, incorporating an Na ion-doped bioderived ionic liquid, molybdenum trioxide (MoO3 )-covered molybdenum foil, and silk sheet as the electrolyte, electrode, and separator, respectively. Sodium lactate is dissolved in choline lactate as a source of Na ions. The Experimental results reveal that the Na ions are intercalated into the van der Waals gaps in MoO3 , and the pseudo-capacitor shows an areal capacitance (1.5 mF cm-2 ) that is three times larger than that without the Na ion. The fast ion diffusion of the electrolyte and the low resistance of the MoO3 and Mo interface result in an equivalent series resistance of 96 Ω. A cycle test indicates that the pseudo-capacitor exhibited a high capacitance retention of 82.8% after 10 000 cycles. The transient behavior is confirmed by the dissolution of the pseudo-capacitor into phosphate-buffered saline solution after 101 days. Potential applications of transient pseudo-capacitors include electronics without the need for device retrieval after use, including smart agriculture, implantable, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Robotics, Division of Mechanical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramakiaza, Aobaku, Sendaishi, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
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11
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Huang X, Hou H, Yu B, Bai J, Guan Y, Wang L, Chen K, Wang X, Sun P, Deng Y, Liu S, Cai X, Wang Y, Peng J, Sheng X, Xiong W, Yin L. Fully Biodegradable and Long-Term Operational Primary Zinc Batteries as Power Sources for Electronic Medicine. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5727-5739. [PMID: 36897770 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Given the advantages of high energy density and easy deployment, biodegradable primary battery systems remain as a promising power source to achieve bioresorbable electronic medicine, eliminating secondary surgeries for device retrieval. However, currently available biobatteries are constrained by operational lifetime, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, limiting potential therapeutic outcomes as temporary implants. Herein, we propose a fully biodegradable primary zinc-molybdenum (Zn-Mo) battery with a prolonged functional lifetime of up to 19 days and desirable energy capacity and output voltage compared with reported primary Zn biobatteries. The Zn-Mo battery system is shown to have excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability and can significantly promote Schwann cell proliferation and the axonal growth of dorsal root ganglia. The biodegradable battery module with 4 Zn-Mo cells in series using gelatin electrolyte accomplishes electrochemical generation of signaling molecules (nitric oxide, NO) that can modulate the behavior of the cellular network, with efficacy comparable with that of conventional power sources. This work sheds light on materials strategies and fabrication schemes to develop high-performance biodegradable primary batteries to achieve a fully bioresorbable electronic platform for innovative medical treatments that could be beneficial for health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hanqing Hou
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bingbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kuntao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengcheng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuping Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, , Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Dutta A, Cheng H. Pathway of transient electronics towards connected biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4236-4249. [PMID: 36688506 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transient electronic devices have shown promising applications in hardware security and medical implants with diagnosing therapeutics capabilities since their inception. Control of the device transience allows the device to "dissolve at will" after its functional operation, leading to the development of on-demand transient electronics. This review discusses the recent developments and advantages of triggering strategies (e.g., electrical, thermal, ultrasound, and optical) for controlling the degradation of on-demand transient electronics. We also summarize bioresorbable sensors for medical diagnoses, including representative applications in electrophysiology and neurochemical sensing. Along with the profound advancements in medical diagnosis, the commencement of therapeutic systems such as electrical stimulation and drug delivery for the biomedical or medical implant community has also been discussed. However, implementing a transient electronic system in real healthcare infrastructure is still in its infancy. Many critical challenges still need to be addressed, including strategies to decouple multimodal sensing signals, dissolution selectivity in the presence of multiple stimuli, and a complete sensing-stimulation closed-loop system. Therefore, the review discusses future opportunities in transient decoupling sensors and robust transient devices, which are selective to a particular stimulus and act as hardware-based passwords. Recent advancements in closed-loop controller-enabled electronics have also been analyzed for future opportunities of using data-driven artificial intelligence-powered controllers in fully closed-loop transient systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankan Dutta
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA.
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA.
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13
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Shao M, Sheng H, Lin L, Ma H, Wang Q, Yuan J, Zhang X, Chen G, Li W, Su Q, Xie E, Wang J, Zhang Z, Lan W. High-Performance Biodegradable Energy Storage Devices Enabled by Heterostructured MoO 3 -MoS 2 Composites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205529. [PMID: 36508711 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable implantable devices are of growing interest in biosensors and bioelectronics. One of the key unresolved challenges is the availability of power supply. To enable biodegradable energy-storage devices, herein, 2D heterostructured MoO3 -MoS2 nanosheet arrays are synthesized on water-soluble Mo foil, showing a high areal capacitance of 164.38 mF cm-2 (at 0.5 mA cm-2 ). Employing the MoO3 -MoS2 composite as electrodes of a symmetric supercapacitor, an asymmetric Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, and an Mg primary battery are demonstrated. Benefiting from the advantages of MoO3 -MoS2 heterostructure, the Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors deliver a high areal capacitance (181.86 mF cm-2 at 0.5 mA cm-2 ) and energy density (30.56 µWh cm-2 ), and the Mg primary batteries provide a stable high output voltage (≈1.6 V) and a long working life in air/liquid environment. All of the used materials exhibit desirable biocompatibility, and these fabricated devices are also fully biodegradable. Demonstration experiments display their potential applications as biodegradable power sources for various electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiao Shao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hongwei Sheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Liqi Lin
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jiao Yuan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Xuetao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wenquan Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Qing Su
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Erqing Xie
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75237, Sweden
| | - Wei Lan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
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14
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Atreya M, Desousa S, Kauzya J, Williams E, Hayes A, Dikshit K, Nielson J, Palmgren A, Khorchidian S, Liu S, Gopalakrishnan A, Bihar E, Bruns CJ, Bardgett R, Quinton JN, Davies J, Neff JC, Whiting GL. A Transient Printed Soil Decomposition Sensor Based on a Biopolymer Composite Conductor. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205785. [PMID: 36507571 PMCID: PMC9929122 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil health is one of the key factors in determining the sustainability of global agricultural systems and the stability of natural ecosystems. Microbial decomposition activity plays an important role in soil health; and gaining spatiotemporal insights into this attribute is critical for understanding soil function as well as for managing soils to ensure agricultural supply, stem biodiversity loss, and mitigate climate change. Here, a novel in situ electronic soil decomposition sensor that relies on the degradation of a printed conductive composite trace utilizing the biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) as a binder is presented. This material responds selectively to microbially active environments with a continuously varying resistive signal that can be readily instrumented with low-cost electronics to enable wide spatial distribution. In soil, a correlation between sensor response and intensity of microbial decomposition activity is observed and quantified by comparison with respiration rates over 14 days, showing that devices respond predictably to both static conditions and perturbations in general decomposition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Atreya
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Stacie Desousa
- Environmental StudiesUniversity of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery Drive, 397 UCBBoulderCO80303‐0397USA
| | - John‐Baptist Kauzya
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Evan Williams
- Department of ElectricalComputerand Energy EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Dr, 425 UCBBoulderCO80309USA
| | - Austin Hayes
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Karan Dikshit
- Materials Science and Engineering ProgramUniversity of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery Dr, 613 UCBBoulderCO80303USA
| | - Jenna Nielson
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Dr, 596 UCBBoulderCO80309USA
| | - Abigail Palmgren
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Dr, 596 UCBBoulderCO80309USA
| | - Sara Khorchidian
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Shangshi Liu
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingManchesterM13 9PYUK
| | - Anupam Gopalakrishnan
- Materials Science and Engineering ProgramUniversity of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery Dr, 613 UCBBoulderCO80303USA
| | - Eloise Bihar
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Carson J. Bruns
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
| | - Richard Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingManchesterM13 9PYUK
| | - John N. Quinton
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityUniversityLibrary Ave, BailriggLancasterLA1 4YQUK
| | - Jessica Davies
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityUniversityLibrary Ave, BailriggLancasterLA1 4YQUK
| | - Jason C. Neff
- Environmental StudiesUniversity of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery Drive, 397 UCBBoulderCO80303‐0397USA
| | - Gregory L. Whiting
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427BoulderCO80309‐0427USA
- Materials Science and Engineering ProgramUniversity of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery Dr, 613 UCBBoulderCO80303USA
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15
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Abstract
Polyanhydrides (PAs) are a class of synthetic biodegradable polymers employed as controlled drug delivery vehicles. They can be synthesized and scaled up from low-cost starting materials. The structure of PAs can be manipulated synthetically to meet desirable characteristics. PAs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and generate nontoxic metabolites upon degradation, which are easily eliminated from the body. The rate of water penetrating into the polyanhydride (PA) matrix is slower than the anhydride bond cleavage. This phenomenon sets PAs as "surface-eroding drug delivery carriers." Consequently, a variety of PA-based drug delivery carriers in the form of solid implants, pasty injectable formulations, microspheres, nanoparticles, etc. have been developed for the sustained release of small molecule drugs, and vaccines, peptide drugs, and nucleic acid-based active agents. The rate of drug delivery is often controlled by the polymer erosion rate, which is influenced by the polymer structure and composition, crystallinity, hydrophobicity, pH of the release medium, device size, configuration, etc. Owing to the above-mentioned interesting physicochemical and mechanical properties of PAs, the present review focuses on the advancements made in the domain of synthetic biodegradable biomedical PAs for therapeutic delivery applications. Various classes of PAs, their structures, their unique characteristics, their physicochemical and mechanical properties, and factors influencing surface erosion are discussed in detail. The review also summarizes various methods involved in the synthesis of PAs and their utility in the biomedical domain as drug, vaccine, and peptide delivery carriers in different formulations are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulikanti Guruprasad Reddy
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Centre for Cannabis Research and the Institute of Drug Research, The Alex Grass Centre for Drug Design and Synthesis, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | - Abraham J Domb
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Centre for Cannabis Research and the Institute of Drug Research, The Alex Grass Centre for Drug Design and Synthesis, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
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16
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Haskew MJ, Nikman S, O'Sullivan CE, Galeb HA, Halcovitch NR, Hardy JG, Murphy ST. Mg/Zn metal‐air primary batteries using silk fibroin‐ionic liquid polymer electrolytes. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew J. Haskew
- School of Engineering Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Shahin Nikman
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Carys E. O'Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Hanaa A. Galeb
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Department of Chemistry Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathan R. Halcovitch
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - John G. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Faraday Building Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Materials Science Institute Lancaster University Faraday Building, John Creed Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster UK
| | - Samuel T. Murphy
- School of Engineering Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster UK
- Materials Science Institute Lancaster University Faraday Building, John Creed Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster UK
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17
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Abstract
Improper freezing of food causes food waste and negatively impacts the environment. In this work, we propose a device that can detect defrosting events by coupling a temperature-activated galvanic cell with an ionochromic cell, which is activated by the release of ions during current flow. Both the components of the sensor are fabricated through simple and low-energy-consuming procedures from edible materials. The galvanic cell operates with an aqueous electrolyte solution, producing current only at temperatures above the freezing point of the solution. The ionochromic cell exploits the current generated during the defrosting to release tin ions, which form complexes with natural dyes, causing the color change. Therefore, this sensor provides information about defrosting events. The temperature at which the sensor reacts can be tuned between 0 and -50 °C. The device can thus be flexibly used in the supply chain: as a sensor, it can measure the length of exposure to above-the-threshold temperatures, while as a detector, it can provide a signal that there was exposure to above-the-threshold temperatures. Such a device can ensure that frozen food is handled correctly and is safe for consumption. As a sensor, it could be used by the workers in the supply chain, while as a detector, it could be useful for end consumers, ensuring that the food was properly frozen during the whole supply chain.
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18
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Veletić M, Apu EH, Simić M, Bergsland J, Balasingham I, Contag CH, Ashammakhi N. Implants with Sensing Capabilities. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16329-16363. [PMID: 35981266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Because of the aging human population and increased numbers of surgical procedures being performed, there is a growing number of biomedical devices being implanted each year. Although the benefits of implants are significant, there are risks to having foreign materials in the body that may lead to complications that may remain undetectable until a time at which the damage done becomes irreversible. To address this challenge, advances in implantable sensors may enable early detection of even minor changes in the implants or the surrounding tissues and provide early cues for intervention. Therefore, integrating sensors with implants will enable real-time monitoring and lead to improvements in implant function. Sensor integration has been mostly applied to cardiovascular, neural, and orthopedic implants, and advances in combined implant-sensor devices have been significant, yet there are needs still to be addressed. Sensor-integrating implants are still in their infancy; however, some have already made it to the clinic. With an interdisciplinary approach, these sensor-integrating devices will become more efficient, providing clear paths to clinical translation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Veletić
- Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Mitar Simić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jacob Bergsland
- The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ilangko Balasingham
- Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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19
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Karami-Mosammam M, Danninger D, Schiller D, Kaltenbrunner M. Stretchable and Biodegradable Batteries with High Energy and Power Density. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204457. [PMID: 35714220 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Realizing a sustainable, technologically advanced future will necessitate solving the electronic waste problem. Biodegradable forms of electronics offer a viable path through their environmental benignity. With both the sheer number of devices produced every day as well as their areas of application ever increasing, new concepts of degradable batteries able to sustain the high power demands of modern electronics must be developed. Simultaneously, integration of electronics in close interaction with its user or powering soft robotic devices necessitates high degrees of compliance, rendering stretchable batteries indispensable. Here, a concept for merging intrinsically stretchable materials with engineered stretchability by kirigami-patterning on a component level is shown to yield high-power biodegradable batteries with reversible elasticity up to 35% when stretched uniaxially and 20% for biaxial extension. Using a combination of molybdenum metal foils, a molybdenum trioxide paste, and magnesium metal foils as electrode materials, a peak power output of 196 µW cm-2 and an energy density of 1.72 mWh cm-2 is achieved. The biodegradable batteries are used to power an on-skin biomedical sensor patch, enabling monitoring of sodium concentration in sweat. This concept provides a versatile route for high-power biodegradable batteries, enabling untethered soft electronic devices in a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Karami-Mosammam
- Division of Soft Matter Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Doris Danninger
- Division of Soft Matter Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - David Schiller
- Division of Soft Matter Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Martin Kaltenbrunner
- Division of Soft Matter Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
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20
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Water activated disposable paper battery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11919. [PMID: 35902666 PMCID: PMC9334575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a disposable paper battery aiming to reduce the environmental impact of single-use electronics for applications such as point of care diagnosis, smart packaging and environmental sensing. The battery uses Zinc as a biodegradable metal anode, graphite as a nontoxic cathode material and paper as a biodegradable substrate. To facilitate additive manufacturing, we developed electrodes and current collector inks that can be stencil printed on paper to create water-activated batteries of arbitrary shape and size. The battery remains inactive until water is provided and absorbed by the paper substrate, taking advantage of its natural wicking behavior. Once activated, a single cell provides an open circuit potential of 1.2 V and a peak power density of 150 µW/cm2 at 0.5 mA. As a proof of concept, we fabricated a two cell battery and used it to power an alarm clock and its liquid crystal display.
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21
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Sethi SS, Kovac M, Wiesemüller F, Miriyev A, Boutry CM. Biodegradable sensors are ready to transform autonomous ecological monitoring. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1245-1247. [PMID: 35835828 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarab S Sethi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, UCL, London, UK.
| | - Mirko Kovac
- Materials and Technology Center of Robotics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Aerial Robotics Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fabian Wiesemüller
- Materials and Technology Center of Robotics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Aerial Robotics Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aslan Miriyev
- Physical AI (PAI) Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
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22
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Yamada S. A Transient Supercapacitor with a Water-Dissolvable Ionic Gel for Sustainable Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:26595-26603. [PMID: 35653282 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We develop an environmentally benign supercapacitor, which decomposes by contact with water, incorporating an ionic liquid, carbon powder, a cellulose separator, and a molybdenum electrode. The ionic liquid is dispersed into a water-dissolvable polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol), to produce a solid electrolyte, so-called ionic gel. A carbon composite mixed with the ionic liquid maintains a gel form. The ionic gel and the carbon composite enable an all-solid-state supercapacitor, which can be charged at a voltage of 1.5 V. The supercapacitor shows areal and volumetric capacitances of 65 mF/cm2 and 2.2 F/cm3, respectively. A cycle test reveals that capacitance retention and Coulombic efficiency are 77 and 90%, respectively. As for the dissolution test, the ionic gel and carbon composite dissolves in phosphate buffer solution in 18 days, and the Mo electrode is able to fully dissolve in 500-588 days. Potential applications of the environmentally benign supercapacitor include smart agriculture by monitoring of soil and disaster prevention by a wireless sensor network without the need for retrieval of devices after use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamada
- Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Room 113, Building No. A15, Area A01, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramakiaza, Aobaku, Sendaishi, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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23
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Nash KE, Ong KG, Guldberg RE. Implantable biosensors for musculoskeletal health. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:228-242. [PMID: 35172654 PMCID: PMC8977250 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A healthy musculoskeletal system requires complex functional integration of bone, muscle, cartilage, and connective tissues responsible for bodily support, motion, and the protection of vital organs. Conditions or injuries to musculoskeeltal tissues can devastate an individual's quality of life. Some conditions that are particularly disabling include severe bone and muscle injuries to the extremities and amputations resulting from unmanageable musculoskeletal conditions or injuries. Monitoring and managing musculoskeletal health is intricate because of the complex mechanobiology of these interconnected tissues. METHODS For this article, we reviewed literature on implantable biosensors related to clinical data of the musculoskeletal system, therapeutics for complex bone injuries, and osseointegrated prosthetics as example applications. RESULTS As a result, a brief summary of biosensors technologies is provided along with review of noteworthy biosensors and future developments needed to fully realize the translational benefit of biosensors for musculoskeletal health. CONCLUSIONS Novel implantable biosensors capable of tracking biophysical parameters in vivo are highly relevant to musculoskeletal health because of their ability to collect clinical data relevant to medical decisions, complex trauma treatment, and the performance of osseointegrated prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie E. Nash
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Keat Ghee Ong
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Robert E. Guldberg
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403,Corresponding Author: Robert E. Guldberg, Ph.D., 3231 University of Oregon, Eugene OR, 97403,
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Wei S, Jiang J, Sun L, Li J, Tao TH, Zhou Z. A Hierarchically Encoded Data Storage Device with Controlled Transiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201035. [PMID: 35293037 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the era of information explosion, high-security and high-capacity data storage technology attracts more and more attention. Physically transient electronics, a form of electronics that can physically disappear with precisely controlled degradation behaviors, paves the way for secure data storage. Herein, the authors report a silk-based hierarchically encoded data storage device (HEDSD) with controlled transiency. The HEDSD can store electronic, photonic, and optical information simultaneously by synergistically integrating a resistive switching memory (ReRAM), a terahertz metamaterial device, and a diffractive optical element, respectively. These three data storage units have shared materials and structures but diverse encoding mechanisms, which increases the degree of complexity and capacity of stored information. Silk plays an important role as a building material in the HEDSD thanks to its excellent mechanical, optical, and electrical properties and controlled transiency as a naturally extracted protein. By controlling the degradation rate of storage units of the silk-based HEDSD, different degradation modes of the HEDSD, and multilevel information encryption/decryption have been realized. Compared with the conventional memory devices, as-reported silk-based HEDSD can store multilevel complex information and realize multilevel information encryption and decryption, which is highly desirable to fulfill the future demands of secure memory systems and implantable storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianjuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Long Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jianxing Li
- School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tiger H Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhitao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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25
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Huang X, Li H, Li J, Huang L, Yao K, Yiu CK, Liu Y, Wong TH, Li D, Wu M, Huang Y, Gao Z, Zhou J, Gao Y, Li J, Jiao Y, Shi R, Zhang B, Hu B, Guo Q, Song E, Ye R, Yu X. Transient, Implantable, Ultrathin Biofuel Cells Enabled by Laser-Induced Graphene and Gold Nanoparticles Composite. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3447-3456. [PMID: 35411774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient power sources with excellent biocompatibility and bioresorablility have attracted significant attention. Here, we report high-performance, transient glucose enzymatic biofuel cells (TEBFCs) based on the laser-induced graphene (LIG)/gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) composite electrodes. Such LIG electrodes can be easily fabricated from polyimide (PI) with an infrared CO2 laser and exhibit a low impedance (16 Ω). The resulted TEBFC yields a high open circuit potential (OCP) of 0.77 V and a maximum power density of 483.1 μW/cm2. The TEBFC not only exhibits a quick response time that enables reaching the maximum OCP within 1 min but also owns a long lifetime over 28 days in vitro. The excellent biocompatibility and transient performance from in vitro and in vivo tests allow long-term implantation of TEBFCs in rats for energy harvesting. The TEBFCs with advanced processing methods provide a promising power solution for transient electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Libei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kuanming Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chun Ki Yiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tsz Hung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mengge Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingkun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuyu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yanli Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bofan Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qinglei Guo
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Enming Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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26
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Fernandes C, Taurino I. Biodegradable Molybdenum (Mo) and Tungsten (W) Devices: One Step Closer towards Fully-Transient Biomedical Implants. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22083062. [PMID: 35459047 PMCID: PMC9027146 DOI: 10.3390/s22083062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Close monitoring of vital physiological parameters is often key in following the evolution of certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, infections, post-operative status or post-traumatic injury). The allocation of trained medical staff and specialized equipment is, therefore, necessary and often translates into a clinical and economic burden on modern healthcare systems. As a growing field, transient electronics may establish fully bioresorbable medical devices capable of remote real-time monitoring of therapeutically relevant parameters. These devices could alert remote medical personnel in case of any anomaly and fully disintegrate in the body without a trace. Unfortunately, the need for a multitude of biodegradable electronic components (power supplies, wires, circuitry) in addition to the electrochemical biosensing interface has halted the arrival of fully bioresorbable electronically active medical devices. In recent years molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W) have drawn increasing attention as promising candidates for the fabrication of both energy-powered active (e.g., transistors and integrated circuits) and passive (e.g., resistors and capacitors) biodegradable electronic components. In this review, we discuss the latest Mo and W-based dissolvable devices for potential biomedical applications and how these soluble metals could pave the way towards next-generation fully transient implantable electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Fernandes
- Micro and Nano-Systems (MNS), Department of Electrical Engineering (Micro- and Nano Systems), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Correspondence:
| | - Irene Taurino
- Micro and Nano-Systems (MNS), Department of Electrical Engineering (Micro- and Nano Systems), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Semiconductor Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy (Semiconductor Physics), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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27
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Lin L, You H. A Composite Porous Membrane Based on Derived Cellulose for Transient Gel Electrolyte in Transient Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041584. [PMID: 35208124 PMCID: PMC8877982 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The transient lithium-ion battery is a potential candidate as an integrated energy storage unit in transient electronics. In this study, a mechanically robust, transient, and high-performance composite porous membrane for a transient gel electrolyte in transient lithium-ion batteries is studied and reported. By introducing a unique and controllable circular skeleton of methylcellulose to the carboxymethyl cellulose-based membrane, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the composite porous membrane (CPM) are greatly improved, while maintaining its micropores structure and fast transiency. Results show that CPM with 5% methylcellulose has the best overall performance. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, porosity, and contact angle of the optimized CPM are 335.18 MPa, 9.73 MPa, 62.26%, and 21.22°, respectively. The water-triggered transient time for CPM is less than 20 min. The ionic conductivity and bulk resistance of the CPM gel electrolyte are 0.54 mS cm−1 and 4.45 Ω, respectively. The obtained results suggest that this transient high-performance CPM has great potential applications as a transient power source in transient electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lin Lin
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hui You
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (H.Y.)
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28
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Yang SY, Sencadas V, You SS, Jia NZX, Srinivasan SS, Huang HW, Ahmed AE, Liang JY, Traverso G. Powering Implantable and Ingestible Electronics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2009289. [PMID: 34720792 PMCID: PMC8553224 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202009289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and ingestible biomedical electronic devices can be useful tools for detecting physiological and pathophysiological signals, and providing treatments that cannot be done externally. However, one major challenge in the development of these devices is the limited lifetime of their power sources. The state-of-the-art of powering technologies for implantable and ingestible electronics is reviewed here. The structure and power requirements of implantable and ingestible biomedical electronics are described to guide the development of powering technologies. These powering technologies include novel batteries that can be used as both power sources and for energy storage, devices that can harvest energy from the human body, and devices that can receive and operate with energy transferred from exogenous sources. Furthermore, potential sources of mechanical, chemical, and electromagnetic energy present around common target locations of implantable and ingestible electronics are thoroughly analyzed; energy harvesting and transfer methods befitting each energy source are also discussed. Developing power sources that are safe, compact, and have high volumetric energy densities is essential for realizing long-term in-body biomedical electronics and for enabling a new era of personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yoon Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; School of Mechanical, Materials & Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Siheng Sean You
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Neil Zi-Xun Jia
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shriya Sruthi Srinivasan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hen-Wei Huang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abdelsalam Elrefaey Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia Ying Liang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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29
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Fanelli A, Ghezzi D. Transient electronics: new opportunities for implantable neurotechnology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 72:22-28. [PMID: 34464936 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotechnology includes artificial devices integrated with the neural tissue to mitigate the burden of neurological and mental disorders. This field has significantly expanded its range of applications thanks to the development of flexible, stretchable and injectable electronics. Now, the emergence of green electronics adds a new asset to the neurotechnology toolbox. Transient neurotechnology reduces the side effects of chronic implants and transforms inert devices into bio-active and bio-responsive structures. Ultimately, it holds the potential of bridging together technological devices with modern approaches in regenerative medicine. This review focuses on the rising potential of transient neurotechnology for human benefit, comprehensively summarises recent achievements and highlights feature needs and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Fanelli
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Chemin des Mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diego Ghezzi
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Chemin des Mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
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30
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Sheng H, Zhang X, Liang J, Shao M, Xie E, Yu C, Lan W. Recent Advances of Energy Solutions for Implantable Bioelectronics. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100199. [PMID: 33930254 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of implantable bioelectronics has attracted widespread attention in modern society because it can improve treatment outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and lead to an improvement in the quality of life. However, their continuous operation is often limited by conventional bulky and rigid batteries with a limited lifespan, which must be surgically removed after completing their missions and/or replaced after being exhausted. Herein, this paper gives a comprehensive review of recent advances in nonconventional energy solutions for implantable bioelectronics, emphasizing the miniaturized, flexible, biocompatible, and biodegradable power devices. According to their source of energy, the promising alternative energy solutions are sorted into three main categories, including energy storage devices (batteries and supercapacitors), internal energy-harvesting devices (including biofuel cells, piezoelectric/triboelectric energy harvesters, thermoelectric and biopotential power generators), and external wireless power transmission technologies (including inductive coupling/radiofrequency, ultrasound-induced, and photovoltaic devices). Their fundamentals, materials strategies, structural design, output performances, animal experiments, and typical biomedical applications are also discussed. It is expected to offer complementary power sources to extend the battery lifetime of bioelectronics while acting as an independent power supply. Thereafter, the existing challenges and perspectives associated with these powering devices are also outlined, with a focus on implantable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Mingjiao Shao
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Erqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Center for Superconductivity University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Wei Lan
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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31
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Guo H, D'Andrea D, Zhao J, Xu Y, Qiao Z, Janes LE, Murthy NK, Li R, Xie Z, Song Z, Meda R, Koo J, Bai W, Choi YS, Jordan SW, Huang Y, Franz CK, Rogers JA. Advanced Materials in Wireless, Implantable Electrical Stimulators That Offer Rapid Rates of Bioresorption for Peripheral Axon Regeneration. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2102724. [PMID: 36189172 PMCID: PMC9521812 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Injured peripheral nerves typically exhibit unsatisfactory and incomplete functional outcomes, and there are no clinically approved therapies for improving regeneration. Post-operative electrical stimulation (ES) increases axon regrowth, but practical challenges from the cost of extended operating room time to the risks and pitfalls associated with transcutaneous wire placement have prevented broad clinical adoption. This study presents a possible solution in the form of advanced bioresorbable materials for thin, flexible, wireless implant that provides precisely controlled ES of the injured nerve for a brief time in the immediate post-operative period. Afterward, rapid, complete and safe modes of bioresorption naturally and quickly eliminate all of the constituent materials in their entirety, without the need for surgical extraction. The unusually high rate of bioresorption follows from the use of a unique, bilayer enclosure that combines two distinct formulations of a biocompatible form of polyanhydride as an encapsulating structure, to accelerate the resorption of active components and confine fragments until complete resorption. Results from mouse models of tibial nerve transection with re-anastomosis indicate that this system offers levels of performance and efficacy that match those of conventional wired stimulators, but without the need to extend the operative period or to extract the device hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexia Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Dom D'Andrea
- Laboratory of Regenerative Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Lindsay E Janes
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Neurological Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nikhil K Murthy
- Laboratory of Regenerative Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Rohan Meda
- Laboratory of Regenerative Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jahyun Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Interdisciplinary Program in precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yeon Sik Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sumanas W Jordan
- Biologics, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Colin K Franz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John A Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Neurological Surgery, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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32
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Mittal N, Ojanguren A, Niederberger M, Lizundia E. Degradation Behavior, Biocompatibility, Electrochemical Performance, and Circularity Potential of Transient Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004814. [PMID: 34194934 PMCID: PMC8224425 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient technology seeks the development of materials, devices, or systems that undergo controlled degradation processes after a stable operation period, leaving behind harmless residues. To enable externally powered fully transient devices operating for longer periods compared to passive devices, transient batteries are needed. Albeit transient batteries are initially intended for biomedical applications, they represent an effective solution to circumvent the current contaminant leakage into the environment. Transient technology enables a more efficient recycling as it enhances material retrieval rates, limiting both human and environmental exposures to the hazardous pollutants present in conventional batteries. Little efforts are focused to catalog and understand the degradation characteristics of transient batteries. As the energy field is a property-driven science, not only electrochemical performance but also their degradation behavior plays a pivotal role in defining the specific end-use applications. The state-of-the-art transient batteries are critically reviewed with special emphasis on the degradation mechanisms, transiency time, and biocompatibility of the released degradation products. The potential of transient batteries to change the current paradigm that considers batteries as harmful waste is highlighted. Overall, transient batteries are ready for takeoff and hold a promising future to be a frontrunner in the uptake of circular economy concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeru Mittal
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Alazne Ojanguren
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Erlantz Lizundia
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
- Life Cycle Thinking GroupDepartment of Graphic Design and Engineering ProjectsFaculty of Engineering in BilbaoUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Bilbao48013Spain
- BCMaterialsBasque Center for MaterialsApplications and NanostructuresUPV/EHU Science ParkLeioa48940Spain
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Ferlauto L, Vagni P, Fanelli A, Zollinger EG, Monsorno K, Paolicelli RC, Ghezzi D. All-polymeric transient neural probe for prolonged in-vivo electrophysiological recordings. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120889. [PMID: 33992836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Transient bioelectronics has grown fast, opening possibilities never thought before. In medicine, transient implantable devices are interesting because they could eliminate the risks related to surgical retrieval and reduce the chronic foreign body reaction. Despite recent progress in this area, the potential of transient bioelectronics is still limited by their short functional lifetime owed to the fast dissolution rate of degradable metals, which is typically a few days or weeks. Here we report that a switch from degradable metals to an entirely polymer-based approach allows for a slower degradation process and a longer lifetime of the transient probe, thus opening new possibilities for transient medical devices. As a proof-of-concept, we fabricated all-polymeric transient neural probes that can monitor brain activity in mice for a few months, rather than a few days or weeks. Also, we extensively evaluated the foreign body reaction around the implant during the probe degradation. This kind of devices might pave the way for several applications in neuroprosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferlauto
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paola Vagni
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adele Fanelli
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elodie Geneviève Zollinger
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monsorno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosa Chiara Paolicelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Ghezzi
- Medtronic Chair in Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Hartmann F, Baumgartner M, Kaltenbrunner M. Becoming Sustainable, The New Frontier in Soft Robotics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004413. [PMID: 33336520 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of technology has a profound and far-reaching impact on the society, now penetrating all areas of life. From cradle to grave, one is supported by and depends on a wide range of electronic and robotic appliances, with an ever more intimate integration of the digital and biological spheres. These advances, however, often come at the price of negatively impacting our ecosystem, with growing demands on energy, contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution-from production to improper disposal. Mitigating these adverse effects is among the grand challenges of the society and at the forefront of materials research. The currently emerging forms of soft, biologically inspired electronics and robotics have the unique potential of becoming not only like their natural antitypes in performance and capabilities, but also in terms of their ecological footprint. This review outlines the rise of sustainable materials in soft and bioinspired robotics, targeting all robotic components from actuators to energy storage and electronics. The state-of-the-art in biobased robotics spans flourishing fields and applications ranging from microbots operating in vivo to biohybrid machines and fully biodegradable yet resilient actuators. These first steps initiate the evolution of robotics and guide them into a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hartmann
- Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Melanie Baumgartner
- Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Martin Kaltenbrunner
- Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
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Togonon JJH, Esparcia EA, del Rosario JAD, Ocon JD. Development of Magnesium Anode-Based Transient Primary Batteries. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:471-476. [PMID: 33830634 PMCID: PMC8028319 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable primary batteries, also known as transient batteries, are essential to realize autonomous biodegradable electronic devices with high performance and advanced functionality. In this work, magnesium, copper, iron, and zinc - metals that exist as trace elements in the human body - were tested as materials for biomedical transient electronic devices. Different full cell combinations of Mg and X (where X = Cu, Fe, and Zn and the anodized form of the metals) with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as electrolyte were studied. To form the cathodes, metal foils were anodized galvanostatically at a current density of 2.0 mA cm-2 for 30 mins. Electrochemical measurements were then conducted for each electrode combination to evaluate full cell battery performance. Results showed that the Mg-Cuanodized chemistry has the highest power density at 0.99 mW/cm2 . Nominal operating voltages of 1.26 V for the first 0.50 h and 0.63 V for the next 3.7 h were observed for Mg-Cuanodized which was discharged at a current density of 0.70 mA cm-2 . Among the materials tested, Mg-Cuanodized exhibited the best discharge performance with an average specific capacity of 2.94 mAh cm-2 , which is comparable to previous reports on transient batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazer Jose H. Togonon
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering (LEE)Department of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
- Energy Engineering ProgramCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
| | - Eugene A. Esparcia
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering (LEE)Department of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
| | - Julie Anne D. del Rosario
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering (LEE)Department of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
- Energy Engineering ProgramCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
| | - Joey D. Ocon
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering (LEE)Department of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
- Energy Engineering ProgramCollege of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City1101Philippines
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Dong Y, Li J, Yang F, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Long Y, Wang X. Bioresorbable Primary Battery Anodes Built on Core-Double-Shell Zinc Microparticle Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14275-14282. [PMID: 33729760 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioresorbable implantable electronics require power sources that are also bioresorbable with controllable electrical output and lifetime. In this paper, we report a bioresorbable zinc primary battery anode filament based on a zinc microparticle (MP) network coated with chitosan and Al2O3 double shells. When discharged in 0.9% NaCl saline, a Zn MP filament with a 0.17 × 2 mm2 cross-sectional area exhibited a stable voltage output of 0.55 V at a current of 0.01 mA. Covered by chitosan and Al2O3 double shells, the zinc MP filament exhibited a directional dissolution behavior with a tunable lifetime approximately linear to its length. A stable 200 h discharging time was achieved with a 15 mm Zn MP filament. The maximum output power was found to be 12 μW at 0.03 mA for one filament. The linearity relationship between the current output and the filament cross-sectional area suggested a facile strategy to raise the power output at constant discharging voltage. The filaments could also be connected in series and in parallel to boost its overall voltage and current output, demonstrating their excellent integration capability. This work presents a promising pathway toward bioresorbable transient batteries with controllable lifetime and power output, demonstrating a great potential for powering transient implantable biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yizhan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yin Long
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Lee MH, Lee J, Jung SK, Kang D, Park MS, Cha GD, Cho KW, Song JH, Moon S, Yun YS, Kim SJ, Lim YW, Kim DH, Kang K. A Biodegradable Secondary Battery and its Biodegradation Mechanism for Eco-Friendly Energy-Storage Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004902. [PMID: 33533125 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The production of rechargeable batteries is rapidly expanding, and there are going to be new challenges in the near future about how the potential environmental impact caused by the disposal of the large volume of the used batteries can be minimized. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to address these concerns by applying biodegradable device technology. An eco-friendly and biodegradable sodium-ion secondary battery (SIB) is developed through extensive material screening followed by the synthesis of biodegradable electrodes and their seamless assembly with an unconventional biodegradable separator, electrolyte, and package. Each battery component decomposes in nature into non-toxic compounds or elements via hydrolysis and/or fungal degradation, with all of the biodegradation products naturally abundant and eco-friendly. Detailed biodegradation mechanisms and toxicity influence of each component on living organisms are determined. In addition, this new SIB delivers performance comparable to that of conventional non-degradable SIBs. The strategy and findings suggest a novel eco-friendly biodegradable paradigm for large-scale rechargeable battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Hwan Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongha Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kyun Jung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Doo Cha
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Won Cho
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Moon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Yun
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joo Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Wehner L, Mittal N, Liu T, Niederberger M. Multifunctional Batteries: Flexible, Transient, and Transparent. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:231-244. [PMID: 33655063 PMCID: PMC7908028 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The primary task of a battery is to store energy and to power electronic devices. This has hardly changed over the years despite all the progress made in improving their electrochemical performance. In comparison to batteries, electronic devices are continuously equipped with new functions, and they also change their physical appearance, becoming flexible, rollable, stretchable, or maybe transparent or even transient or degradable. Mechanical flexibility makes them attractive for wearable electronics or for electronic paper; transparency is desired for transparent screens or smart windows, and degradability or transient properties have the potential to reduce electronic waste. For fully integrated and self-sufficient systems, these devices have to be powered by batteries with similar physical characteristics. To make the currently used rigid and heavy batteries flexible, transparent, and degradable, the whole battery architecture including active materials, current collectors, electrolyte/separator, and packaging has to be redesigned. This requires a fundamental paradigm change in battery research, moving away from exclusively addressing the electrochemical aspects toward an interdisciplinary approach involving chemists, materials scientists, and engineers. This Outlook provides an overview of the different activities in the field of flexible, transient, and transparent batteries with a focus on the challenges that have to be faced toward the development of such multifunctional energy storage devices.
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Sharma A, Badea M, Tiwari S, Marty JL. Wearable Biosensors: An Alternative and Practical Approach in Healthcare and Disease Monitoring. Molecules 2021; 26:748. [PMID: 33535493 PMCID: PMC7867046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of growing population, aging and chronic diseases continuously rising healthcare costs, the healthcare system is undergoing a vital transformation from the traditional hospital-centered system to an individual-centered system. Since the 20th century, wearable sensors are becoming widespread in healthcare and biomedical monitoring systems, empowering continuous measurement of critical biomarkers for monitoring of the diseased condition and health, medical diagnostics and evaluation in biological fluids like saliva, blood, and sweat. Over the past few decades, the developments have been focused on electrochemical and optical biosensors, along with advances with the non-invasive monitoring of biomarkers, bacteria and hormones, etc. Wearable devices have evolved gradually with a mix of multiplexed biosensing, microfluidic sampling and transport systems integrated with flexible materials and body attachments for improved wearability and simplicity. These wearables hold promise and are capable of a higher understanding of the correlations between analyte concentrations within the blood or non-invasive biofluids and feedback to the patient, which is significantly important in timely diagnosis, treatment, and control of medical conditions. However, cohort validation studies and performance evaluation of wearable biosensors are needed to underpin their clinical acceptance. In the present review, we discuss the importance, features, types of wearables, challenges and applications of wearable devices for biological fluids for the prevention of diseased conditions and real-time monitoring of human health. Herein, we summarize the various wearable devices that are developed for healthcare monitoring and their future potential has been discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Sharma
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Mihaela Badea
- Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Swapnil Tiwari
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CHATTISGARH 492010, India;
| | - Jean Louis Marty
- University of Perpignan via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, CEDEX 9, 66860 Perpignan, France
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40
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Hosseini E, Dervin S, Ganguly P, Dahiya R. Biodegradable Materials for Sustainable Health Monitoring Devices. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:163-194. [PMID: 33842859 PMCID: PMC8022537 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent advent of biodegradable materials has offered huge opportunity to transform healthcare technologies by enabling sensors that degrade naturally after use. The implantable electronic systems made from such materials eliminate the need for extraction or reoperation, minimize chronic inflammatory responses, and hence offer attractive propositions for future biomedical technology. The eco-friendly sensor systems developed from degradable materials could also help mitigate some of the major environmental issues by reducing the volume of electronic or medical waste produced and, in turn, the carbon footprint. With this background, herein we present a comprehensive overview of the structural and functional biodegradable materials that have been used for various biodegradable or bioresorbable electronic devices. The discussion focuses on the dissolution rates and degradation mechanisms of materials such as natural and synthetic polymers, organic or inorganic semiconductors, and hydrolyzable metals. The recent trend and examples of biodegradable or bioresorbable materials-based sensors for body monitoring, diagnostic, and medical therapeutic applications are also presented. Lastly, key technological challenges are discussed for clinical application of biodegradable sensors, particularly for implantable devices with wireless data and power transfer. Promising perspectives for the advancement of future generation of biodegradable sensor systems are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh
S. Hosseini
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Saoirse Dervin
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Priyanka Ganguly
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
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41
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Aracri S, Giorgio-Serchi F, Suaria G, Sayed ME, Nemitz MP, Mahon S, Stokes AA. Soft Robots for Ocean Exploration and Offshore Operations: A Perspective. Soft Robot 2021; 8:625-639. [PMID: 33450174 PMCID: PMC8713554 DOI: 10.1089/soro.2020.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ocean and human activities related to the sea are under increasing pressure
due to climate change, widespread pollution, and growth of the offshore energy
sector. Data, in under-sampled regions of the ocean and in the offshore patches
where the industrial expansion is taking place, are fundamental to manage
successfully a sustainable development and to mitigate climate change. Existing
technology cannot cope with the vast and harsh environments that need monitoring
and sampling the most. The limiting factors are, among others, the spatial
scales of the physical domain, the high pressure, and the strong hydrodynamic
perturbations, which require vehicles with a combination of persistent autonomy,
augmented efficiency, extreme robustness, and advanced control. In light of the
most recent developments in soft robotics technologies, we propose that the use
of soft robots may aid in addressing the challenges posed by abyssal and
wave-dominated environments. Nevertheless, soft robots also allow for fast and
low-cost manufacturing, presenting a new potential problem: marine pollution
from ubiquitous soft sampling devices. In this study, the technological and
scientific gaps are widely discussed, as they represent the driving factors for
the development of soft robotics. Offshore industry supports increasing energy
demand and the employment of robots on marine assets is growing. Such expansion
needs to be sustained by the knowledge of the oceanic environment, where large
remote areas are yet to be explored and adequately sampled. We offer our
perspective on the development of sustainable soft systems, indicating the
characteristics of the existing soft robots that promote underwater
maneuverability, locomotion, and sampling. This perspective encourages an
interdisciplinary approach to the design of aquatic soft robots and invites a
discussion about the industrial and oceanographic needs that call for their
application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Aracri
- Scottish Microelectronics Centre, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Giorgio-Serchi
- Scottish Microelectronics Centre, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Suaria
- Institute of Marine Sciences-National Research Council (ISMAR-CNR), La Spezia, Italy
| | - Mohammed E Sayed
- Scottish Microelectronics Centre, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Markus P Nemitz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Robotics Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Mahon
- Scottish Microelectronics Centre, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adam A Stokes
- Scottish Microelectronics Centre, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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42
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Dinis H, Mendes P. A comprehensive review of powering methods used in state-of-the-art miniaturized implantable electronic devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 172:112781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Sheng H, Zhou J, Li B, He Y, Zhang X, Liang J, Zhou J, Su Q, Xie E, Lan W, Wang K, Yu C. A thin, deformable, high-performance supercapacitor implant that can be biodegraded and bioabsorbed within an animal body. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eabe3097. [PMID: 33523998 PMCID: PMC7793580 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
It has been an outstanding challenge to achieve implantable energy modules that are mechanically soft (compatible with soft organs and tissues), have compact form factors, and are biodegradable (present for a desired time frame to power biodegradable, implantable medical electronics). Here, we present a fully biodegradable and bioabsorbable high-performance supercapacitor implant, which is lightweight and has a thin structure, mechanical flexibility, tunable degradation duration, and biocompatibility. The supercapacitor with a high areal capacitance (112.5 mF cm-2 at 1 mA cm-2) and energy density (15.64 μWh cm-2) uses two-dimensional, amorphous molybdenum oxide (MoO x ) flakes as electrodes, which are grown in situ on water-soluble Mo foil using a green electrochemical strategy. Biodegradation behaviors and biocompatibility of the associated materials and the supercapacitor implant are systematically studied. Demonstrations of a supercapacitor implant that powers several electronic devices and that is completely degraded after implantation and absorbed in rat body shed light on its potential uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang He
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuetao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liang
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Su
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lan
- Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Kairong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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44
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Wang L, Lu C, Yang S, Sun P, Wang Y, Guan Y, Liu S, Cheng D, Meng H, Wang Q, He J, Hou H, Li H, Lu W, Zhao Y, Wang J, Zhu Y, Li Y, Luo D, Li T, Chen H, Wang S, Sheng X, Xiong W, Wang X, Peng J, Yin L. A fully biodegradable and self-electrified device for neuroregenerative medicine. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc6686. [PMID: 33310851 PMCID: PMC7732202 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc6686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration remains one of the greatest challenges in regenerative medicine. Deprivation of sensory and/or motor functions often occurs with severe injuries even treated by the most advanced microsurgical intervention. Although electrical stimulation represents an essential nonpharmacological therapy that proved to be beneficial for nerve regeneration, the postoperative delivery at surgical sites remains daunting. Here, a fully biodegradable, self-electrified, and miniaturized device composed of dissolvable galvanic cells on a biodegradable scaffold is achieved, which can offer both structural guidance and electrical cues for peripheral nerve regeneration. The electroactive device can provide sustained electrical stimuli beyond intraoperative window, which can promote calcium activity, repopulation of Schwann cells, and neurotrophic factors. Successful motor functional recovery is accomplished with the electroactive device in behaving rodent models. The presented materials options and device schemes provide important insights into self-powered electronic medicine that can be critical for various types of tissue regeneration and functional restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China.
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dali Cheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, and Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haoye Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, and Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hanqing Hou
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huo Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yanxu Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiong Zhu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yunxuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dong Luo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shirong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, and Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China.
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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45
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Han WB, Lee JH, Shin JW, Hwang SW. Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002211. [PMID: 32974973 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transient electronics refers to an emerging class of advanced technology, defined by an ability to chemically or physically dissolve, disintegrate, and degrade in actively or passively controlled fashions to leave environmentally and physiologically harmless by-products in environments, particularly in bio-fluids or aqueous solutions. The unusual properties that are opposite to operational modes in conventional electronics for a nearly infinite time frame offer unprecedented opportunities in research areas of eco-friendly electronics, temporary biomedical implants, data-secure hardware systems, and others. This review highlights the developments of transient electronics, including materials, manufacturing strategies, electronic components, and transient kinetics, along with various potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Bae Han
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Hoon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woong Shin
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Won Hwang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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46
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Wang P, Hu M, Wang H, Chen Z, Feng Y, Wang J, Ling W, Huang Y. The Evolution of Flexible Electronics: From Nature, Beyond Nature, and To Nature. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001116. [PMID: 33101851 PMCID: PMC7578875 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The flourishing development of multifunctional flexible electronics cannot leave the beneficial role of nature, which provides continuous inspiration in their material, structural, and functional designs. During the evolution of flexible electronics, some originated from nature, some were even beyond nature, and others were implantable or biodegradable eventually to nature. Therefore, the relationship between flexible electronics and nature is undoubtedly vital since harmony between nature and technology evolution would promote the sustainable development. Herein, materials selection and functionality design for flexible electronics that are mostly inspired from nature are first introduced with certain functionality even beyond nature. Then, frontier advances on flexible electronics including the main individual components (i.e., energy (the power source) and the sensor (the electric load)) are presented from nature, beyond nature, and to nature with the aim of enlightening the harmonious relationship between the modern electronics technology and nature. Finally, critical issues in next-generation flexible electronics are discussed to provide possible solutions and new insights in prospective exploration directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Mengmeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Zhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yuping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Wei Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
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47
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Controlling the dissolution of iron through the development of nanostructured Fe-Mg for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:660-676. [PMID: 32553917 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the field of biodegradable metallic materials, rapid and non-uniform biodegradation, caused by uncontrolled corrosion rates, is a potential shortcoming. Among the prominent biodegradable materials, magnesium is an attractive choice, however, it is prone to rapid dissolution. In contrast, iron possesses a slow dissolution rate. To approach the middle ground, instead of making magnesium more corrosion-resistant, the less-explored approach of making iron less corrosion-resistant is employed here. In this study, iron, and magnesium, having contrasting corrosion rates, are combined via magnetron co-sputtering. The idea of combinatorial synthesis is employed to fabricate two model nanostructured Fe-Mg samples, i.e. CSFM-1 (Fe85Mg15), and CSFM-2 (Fe65Mg35), exhibiting a controlled and uniform degradation in phosphate-buffer saline solution. The structural characterization of the two samples demonstrates a substitutional solid solution of bcc-Fe-Mg in CSFM-1 and an amorphous short-range-ordered structure in the CSFM-2 sample. Electrochemical investigation shows increased corrosion rates for the two Fe-Mg samples in comparison to pure Fe, validated by relatively active corrosion potentials, higher corrosion current densities, faster anodic dissolution, and lower charge transfer resistances, governed by chemical composition and non-equilibrium nanostructures. Finally, nano-indentation testing of the two samples reveals relatively higher hardness and lower elastic moduli, a suitable combination for bio-implants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The use of Mg as a biodegradable in-vivo implant material is problematic because of its high dissolution rate and potential for hydrogen gas generation. This is the first time that the idea of combinatorial synthesis is employed to fabricate two model nanostructured Fe-Mg systems, i.e. CSFM-1 (Fe85Mg15), and CSFM-2 (Fe65Mg35), exhibiting a controlled and uniform degradation. The structural characterization of the two systems demonstrates a substitutional solid solution of bcc-Fe-Mg in CSFM-1 and an amorphous short-range-ordered structure in the CSFM-2 system. Electrochemical investigation shows increased biodegradation rates for the two Fe-Mg systems in comparison to pure Fe, validated by relatively active corrosion potentials, higher corrosion current densities, faster anodic dissolution, and lower charge transfer resistances, governed by chemical composition and non-equilibrium nanostructures.
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48
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Kouhi M, Prabhakaran MP, Ramakrishna S. Edible polymers: An insight into its application in food, biomedicine and cosmetics. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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49
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Singh R, Bathaei MJ, Istif E, Beker L. A Review of Bioresorbable Implantable Medical Devices: Materials, Fabrication, and Implementation. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000790. [PMID: 32790033 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are designed to sense specific parameters or stimulate organs and have been actively used for treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. IMDs are used for long-term disease screening or treatments and cannot be considered for short-term applications since patients need to go through a surgery for retrieval of the IMD. Advances in bioresorbable materials has led to the development of transient IMDs that can be resorbed by bodily fluids and disappear after a certain period. These devices are designed to be implanted in the adjacent of the targeted tissue for predetermined times with the aim of measurement of pressure, strain, or temperature, while the bioelectronic devices stimulate certain tissues. They enable opportunities for monitoring and treatment of acute diseases. To realize such transient and miniaturized devices, researchers utilize a variety of materials, novel fabrication methods, and device design strategies. This review discusses potential bioresorbable materials for each component in an IMD followed by programmable degradation and safety standards. Then, common fabrication methods for bioresorbable materials are introduced, along with challenges. The final section provides representative examples of bioresorbable IMDs for various applications with an emphasis on materials, device functionality, and fabrication methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Mohammad Javad Bathaei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Emin Istif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Levent Beker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Koç University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey
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50
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Lu D, Yan Y, Avila R, Kandela I, Stepien I, Seo M, Bai W, Yang Q, Li C, Haney CR, Waters EA, MacEwan MR, Huang Y, Ray WZ, Rogers JA. Bioresorbable, Wireless, Passive Sensors as Temporary Implants for Monitoring Regional Body Temperature. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000942. [PMID: 32597568 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of regional internal body temperatures can yield important information in the diagnosis of immune response-related anomalies, for precisely managing the effects of hyperthermia and hypothermia therapies and monitoring other transient body processes such as those associated with wound healing. Current approaches rely on permanent implants that require extraction surgeries after the measurements are no longer needed. Emerging classes of bioresorbable sensors eliminate the requirements for extraction, but their use of percutaneous wires for data acquisition leads to risks for infection at the suture site. As an alternative, a battery-free, wireless implantable device is reported here, which is constructed entirely with bioresorbable materials for monitoring regional internal body temperatures over clinically relevant timeframes. Ultimately, these devices disappear completely in the body through natural processes. In vivo demonstrations indicate stable operation as subcutaneous and intracranial implants in rat models for up to 4 days. Potential applications include monitoring of healing cascades associated with surgical wounds, recovery processes following internal injuries, and the progression of thermal therapies for various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Neurological Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Irawati Kandela
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Chemistry Life Processes Institute Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Iwona Stepien
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Chemistry Life Processes Institute Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Min‐Ho Seo
- Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Wubin Bai
- Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Quansan Yang
- Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Chenhang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Chad R. Haney
- Chemistry Life Processes Institute Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Emily A. Waters
- Chemistry Life Processes Institute Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Matthew R. MacEwan
- Department of Neurological Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Wilson Z. Ray
- Department of Neurological Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
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