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Mishra S, Park IK, Javaid S, Shin SH, Lee G. Enhancement of interlayer exchange coupling via intercalation in 2D magnetic bilayers: towards high Curie temperature. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38973585 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional magnetic materials are considered as promising candidates for developing next-generation spintronic devices by providing the possibility of scaling down to nanometers. However, a low Curie temperature is a crucial problem for practical applications, being intimately related to weak interlayer exchange coupling. Here, by using density functional theory calculations, we show that interlayer exchange coupling can be enhanced by intercalating 3d transition metals (Sc to Zn) into a bilayer of CrI3 and NiI2. It is found that intercalated Ni and Cr atoms exhibit strong antiferromagnetic coupling with the CrI3 and NiI2 host layers, respectively. This enhances the ferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling between the host layers by many folds compared to pristine CrI3 and NiI2 bilayers. Moreover, both intercalated compounds show out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy with half metallic nature, which makes them ideal candidates for spintronics applications. Thereby our work provides a rational approach to raise the Curie temperature of non-metallic two-dimensional magnets by intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mishra
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Kee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Saqib Javaid
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- MMSG, Theoretical Physics Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Seung Hwan Shin
- Mutipurpose Synchrotron Radiation Construction Project, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju, Chungcheongbukdo 28119, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geunsik Lee
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Chen H, Liu X, Liu Y, Xie L, Yu Z, Qiao K, Liu M, Hu F, Shen B, Ramanujan RV, Chu K, Zhang H. Excellent thermomagnetic power generation for harvesting waste heat via a second-order ferromagnetic transition. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2603-2614. [PMID: 38587002 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Thermomagnetic generation (TMG), a promising technology to convert low-grade waste heat to electricity, utilizes high performance TMG materials. However, the drawbacks of large hysteresis, poor mechanical properties and inadequate service life hinder the practical applications. For the first time, we evaluated the effect of different phase transitions on the TMG performance by systematically comparing the TMG performance of three typical Heusler alloys with similar composition but different phase transitions. Ni2Mn1.4In0.6 exhibits second-order magnetic transition (SOMT) from the ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) state around TC = 316 K without thermal hysteresis. It presents highly comprehensive TMG performance, which is not only better than those of other two Heusler alloys with different phase transitions, but also better than those of most typical TMG materials. The maximum power density (1752.3 mW m-3), cost index (2.78 μW per €), and power generation index PGI (8.91 × 10-4) of Ni2Mn1.4In0.6 are 1-5, 1-4, and 1-7 orders of magnitude higher than those of most typical reported materials, respectively. In addition, Ni2Mn1.4In0.6 with SOMT also shows some advantages that first-order magnetic transition (FOMT) materials do not have, such as zero hysteresis and a long-term service life. In contrast to the short lifetime of a few minutes for the materials with FOMT, Ni2Mn1.4In0.6 with SOMT can serve for one month or even longer with excellent cycling stability. Consequently, we conclude that the SOMT Ni2Mn1.4In0.6 Heusler alloy with good TMG performance as well as zero hysteresis and long service life can be a better candidate than FOMT materials for practical applications of TMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Xianliang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Longlong Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyuan Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Kaiming Qiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Mingze Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Fengxia Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Baogen Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - R V Ramanujan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
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Ren H, Xiang G. Strain Engineering of Intrinsic Ferromagnetism in 2D van der Waals Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2378. [PMID: 37630963 PMCID: PMC10459406 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the low-temperature, long-range ferromagnetic order in monolayers Cr2Ge2Te6 and CrI3, many efforts have been made to achieve a room temperature (RT) ferromagnet. The outstanding deformation ability of two-dimensional (2D) materials provides an exciting way to mediate their intrinsic ferromagnetism (FM) with strain engineering. Here, we summarize the recent progress of strain engineering of intrinsic FM in 2D van der Waals materials. First, we introduce how to explain the strain-mediated intrinsic FM on Cr-based and Fe-based 2D van der Waals materials through ab initio Density functional theory (DFT), and how to calculate magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) and Curie temperature (TC) from the interlayer exchange coupling J. Subsequently, we focus on numerous attempts to apply strain to 2D materials in experiments, including wrinkle-induced strain, flexible substrate bending or stretching, lattice mismatch, electrostatic force and field-cooling. Last, we emphasize that this field is still in early stages, and there are many challenges that need to be overcome. More importantly, strengthening the guideline of strain-mediated FM in 2D van der Waals materials will promote the development of spintronics and straintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Hunan Road No. 1, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Wangjiang Road No. 29, Chengdu 610064, China
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Samanta S, Ghosh S, Mandal K. Observation of giant exchange bias effect in Ni-Mn-Ti all- d-metal Heusler alloy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:105801. [PMID: 34847541 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3e9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a giant exchange bias (EB) field of about 3.68 kOe during field cooled process in all-d-metal Ni40(FeCo)4Mn36Ti20Heusler alloy. The study of magnetic memory effect and isothermal magnetic relaxation processes suggest that the giant EB field arises due to the possible coexistence of antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phase exchange interaction in the studied system at temperatures below 35 K. Furthermore, the temperature and cooling field dependence of EB effect are analyzed which are related to the change in unidirectional anisotropy at FM/AFM interface. The study of a well-established training effect confirms the intrinsic nature of the observed EB behavior. This result will open up a new way toward the development of EB materials considering all-d-metal Heusler alloy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Samanta
- Magnetism Laboratory, Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Magnetism Laboratory, Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Kalyan Mandal
- Magnetism Laboratory, Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata 700106, India
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dos Reis RD, Caron L, Singh S, Felser C, Nicklas M. Direct and Indirect Determination of the Magnetocaloric Effect in the Heusler Compound Ni 1.7Pt 0.3MnGa. ENTROPY 2021; 23:e23101273. [PMID: 34681997 PMCID: PMC8534797 DOI: 10.3390/e23101273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic shape-memory materials are potential magnetic refrigerants, due the caloric properties of their magnetic-field-induced martensitic transformation. The first-order nature of the martensitic transition may be the origin of hysteresis effects that can hinder practical applications. Moreover, the presence of latent heat in these transitions requires direct methods to measure the entropy and to correctly analyze the magnetocaloric effect. Here, we investigated the magnetocaloric effect in the Heusler material Ni1.7Pt0.3MnGa by combining an indirect approach to determine the entropy change from isofield magnetization curves and direct heat-flow measurements using a Peltier calorimeter. Our results demonstrate that the magnetic entropy change ΔS in the vicinity of the first-order martensitic phase transition depends on the measuring method and is directly connected with the temperature and field history of the experimental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D. dos Reis
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (L.C.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.N.)
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Luana Caron
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (L.C.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.N.)
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, P.O. Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (L.C.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.N.)
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (L.C.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.N.)
| | - Michael Nicklas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (L.C.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.N.)
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Critical behavior and magnetocaloric effect across the magnetic transition in Mn 1+xFe 4-xSi 3. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6981. [PMID: 32332771 PMCID: PMC7181668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the magnetic transition, critical scaling of magnetization, and magnetocaloric effect in Mn1+xFe4-xSi3 (x = 0 to 1) are studied in detail. Our measurements show no thermal hysteresis across the magnetic transition for the parent compound which is in contrast with the previous report and corroborate the second order nature of the transition. The magnetic transition could be tuned continuously from 328 K to 212 K with Mn substitution at the Fe site. The Mn substitution leads to a linear increase in the unit cell volume and a slight reduction in the effective moment. A detailed critical analysis of the magnetization data for x = 0.0 and 0.2 is performed in the critical regime using the modified Arrott plots, Kouvel-Fisher plot, universal curve scaling, and scaling analysis of magnetocaloric effect. The magnetization isotherms follow modified Arrott plots with critical exponent (β [Formula: see text] 0.308, γ [Formula: see text] 1.448, and δ [Formula: see text] 5.64) for the parent compound (x = 0.0) and (β [Formula: see text] 0.304, γ [Formula: see text] 1.445, and δ [Formula: see text] 5.64) for x = 0.2. The Kouvel-Fisher and universal scaling plots of the magnetization isotherms further confirm the reliability of our critical analysis and values of the exponents. These values of the critical exponents are found to be same for both the parent and doped samples which do not fall under any of the standard universality classes. The exchange interaction decays as J(r) ~ r-3.41 following the renormalization group theory and the observed critical exponents correspond to lattice dimensionality d = 2, spin dimensionality n = 1, and the range of interaction σ = 1.41. This value of σ(<2) indicates long-range interaction between magnetic spins. A reasonable magnetocaloric effect ΔSm [Formula: see text] -6.67 J/Kg-K and -5.84 J/Kg-K for x = 0.0 and 0.2 compounds, respectively, with a huge relative cooling power (RCP ~ 700 J/Kg) for 9 T magnetic field change is observed. The universal scaling of magnetocaloric effect further mimics the second order character of the magnetic transition. The obtained critical exponents from the critical analysis of magnetocaloric effect agree with the values deduced from the magnetic isotherm analysis.
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