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Liu J, Chen Y, Liu Y, Wu C, Li Z, Gao Y, Qiu X, Wang Y, Guo X, Xuan F. Facile Electret-Based Self-Powered Soft Sensor for Noncontact Positioning and Information Translation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29188-29197. [PMID: 38775355 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Noncontact sensors have demonstrated significant potential in human-machine interactions (HMIs) in terms of hygiene and less wear and tear. The development of soft, stable, and simply structured noncontact sensors is highly desired for their practical applications in HMIs. This work reports on electret-based self-powered noncontact sensors that are soft, transparent, stable, and easy to manufacture. The sensors contain a three-layer structure with a thickness of 0.34 mm that is fabricated by simply stacking a polymeric electret layer, an electrode layer, and a substrate layer together. The fabricated sensors show high charge-retention capability, keeping over 98% of the initial surface potential even after 90 h, and can accurately and repeatedly sense external approaching objects with impressive durability. The intensity of the detected signal shows a strong dependence on the distance between the object and the sensor, capable of sensing a distance as small as 2 mm. Furthermore, the sensors can report stable signals in response to external objects over 3000 cycles. By virtue of the signal dependence on distance, an intelligent noncontact positioning system is developed that can precisely detect the location of an approaching object. Finally, by integrating with eyeglasses, the transparent sensor successfully captures the movements of blinks for information translation. This work may contribute to the development of stable and easily manufactured noncontact soft sensors for HMI applications, for instance, assisting with communication for locked-in syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuji Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xunlin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Fuzhen Xuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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2
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Zou R, Cao L, Wu N, Chang G, Li L, Xiao L, Yan H, Li H, Wang P, Bao T, Zhang X, Wang S, Wang Y, He H. Transistor-based immunosensor using AuNPs-Ab2-HRP enzyme nanoprobe for the detection of antigen biomarker in human blood. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:163-173. [PMID: 37930375 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is inextricably linked to various diseases, including liver cancer. Thus, detecting the content of AFP in biology has great significance in diagnosis, treatment, and intervention. Motivated by the urgent need for affordable and convenient electronic sensors in the analysis and detection of aqueous biological samples, we combined the solution-gated graphene transistor (SGGT) with the catalytic reaction of enzyme nanoprobes (HRP-AuNPs-Ab2) to accurately sense AFP. The SGGT immunosensor demonstrated high specificity and stability, excellent selectivity, and excessive linearity over a range of 4 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL, with the lower detection limit down to 1.03 ng/mL. Finally, clinical samples were successfully detected by the SGGT immunosensor, and the results were consistent with chemiluminescence methods that are popular in hospitals for detecting AFP. Notably, the SGGT immunosensor is also recyclable, so it has excellent potential for use in high-throughput detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Huiling Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ting Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
| | - Hanping He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
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3
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Wu Q, Yuan Y, Wang X, Bu X, Jiao M, Liu W, Han C, Hu L, Wang X, Li X. Highly Selective Ionic Gel-Based Gas Sensor for Halogenated Volatile Organic Compound Detection: Effect of Dipole-Dipole Interaction. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4566-4576. [PMID: 37989128 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated volatile organic compounds (abbreviated as X-VOCs) are a class of hazardous gas pollutants that are difficult to detect due to their thermal stability, chemical inertness, and poisoning effect on gas sensors at high temperatures. In this work, room-temperature detection of X-VOCs is achieved using a surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensor coated with a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsufonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI)-based ionic gel film. We experimentally verify that the high selectivity of the ionic gel-based SAW gas sensor for X-VOCs is due to the presence of halogen atoms in these gas molecules. Meanwhile, the sensor has very little response to common organic gases such as ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone, reflecting a low cross-sensitivity to nonhalogenated VOCs. This unique advantage shows potential applications in selective detection of X-VOCs and is validated by comparison with a commercial metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor. Furthermore, the internal sensing mechanism is explored by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The simulation results demonstrate that the X-VOC molecules are highly polarized by the inductive effect of halogen atom substitution, which is beneficial for being adsorbed by the EMIM-TFSI ionic liquid via dipole-dipole interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yubin Yuan
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiangrui Bu
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Menglong Jiao
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chuanyu Han
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Long Hu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Microelectronics, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- The Key Lab of Micro-Nano Electronics and System Integration of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710049, China
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4
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Tang W, Sun Q, Wang ZL. Self-Powered Sensing in Wearable Electronics─A Paradigm Shift Technology. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12105-12134. [PMID: 37871288 PMCID: PMC10636741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
With the advancements in materials science and micro/nanoengineering, the field of wearable electronics has experienced a rapid growth and significantly impacted and transformed various aspects of daily human life. These devices enable individuals to conveniently access health assessments without visiting hospitals and provide continuous, detailed monitoring to create comprehensive health data sets for physicians to analyze and diagnose. Nonetheless, several challenges continue to hinder the practical application of wearable electronics, such as skin compliance, biocompatibility, stability, and power supply. In this review, we address the power supply issue and examine recent innovative self-powered technologies for wearable electronics. Specifically, we explore self-powered sensors and self-powered systems, the two primary strategies employed in this field. The former emphasizes the integration of nanogenerator devices as sensing units, thereby reducing overall system power consumption, while the latter focuses on utilizing nanogenerator devices as power sources to drive the entire sensing system. Finally, we present the future challenges and perspectives for self-powered wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy
and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute
of Applied Nanotechnology, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314031, P.R. China
| | - Qijun Sun
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy
and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy
and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Yonsei
Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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5
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Meng L, Wang W, Xu B, Qin J, Zhang K, Liu H. Solution-Processed Flexible Transparent Electrodes for Printable Electronics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4180-4192. [PMID: 36826227 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) have been widely witnessed in various printable electronic devices, especially those involving light. So far, solution processes have demonstrated increasing advantages in preparing FTEs not only in their mild operation conditions and high-throughput but also in the diversity in micropatterning conductive nanomaterials into networks. For the FTEs, both high transparency and high conductivity are desirable, which therefore create requirements for the conductive network by considering the trade-off relationship between the coverage and the micropatterns of the network. In addition, the conductive networks also affect the flexibility of FTEs due to the deformation during bending/stretching. Consequently, solution processes capable of micropatterning conductive nanomaterials including nanoparticles, nanowires/polymers, and graphene/MXene play a crucial role in determining the performance of FTEs. Here, we reviewed recent research progress on solution-processed FTEs, including the solution processes, the solution-processable conductive nanomaterials and the substrates for making FTEs, and applications of FTEs in flexible electronics. Finally, we proposed several perspective outlooks of the FTEs, which aim at not only the enhanced performance but also the performances in extreme conditions and in integration. We believe that the review would offer inspiration for developing functional FTEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Meng
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Bojie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ji Qin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Kejie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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6
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Juo JY, Shin BG, Stiepany W, Memmler M, Kern K, Jung SJ. In-situ atomic level observation of the strain response of graphene lattice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2451. [PMID: 36774393 PMCID: PMC9922254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Strain is inevitable in two-dimensional (2D) materials, regardless of whether the film is suspended or supported. However, the direct measurement of strain response at the atomic scale is challenging due to the difficulties of maintaining both flexibility and mechanical stability at low temperature under UHV conditions. In this work, we have implemented a compact nanoindentation system with a size of [Formula: see text] 160 mm[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 5.2 mm in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) sample holder, which enables the reversible control of strain and gate electric field. A combination of gearbox and piezoelectric actuator allowed us to modulate the depth of the indentation continuously with nanometer precision. The 2D materials were transferred onto the polyimide film. Pd clamp was used to enhance the strain transfer from the polyimide from to the 2D layers. Using this unique technique, strain response of graphene lattice were observed at atomic precision. In the relaxed graphene, strain is induced mainly by local curvature. However, in the strained graphene with tented structure, the lattice parameters become more sensitive to the indentor height change and stretching strain is increased additionally. Moreover, the gate controllability is confirmed by measuring the dependence of the STM tip height on gate voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jz-Yuan Juo
- grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bong Gyu Shin
- grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XSKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 440-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Wolfgang Stiepany
- grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marko Memmler
- grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Kern
- grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany ,grid.5333.60000000121839049Institut de Physique, École Poly-technique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Soon Jung Jung
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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7
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Combined Additive and Laser-Induced Processing of Functional Structures for Monitoring under Deformation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020443. [PMID: 36679324 PMCID: PMC9860559 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This research introduces a readily available and non-chemical combinatorial production approach, known as the laser-induced writing process, to achieve laser-processed conductive graphene traces. The laser-induced graphene (LIG) structure and properties can be improved by adjusting the laser conditions and printing parameters. This method demonstrates the ability of laser-induced graphene (LIG) to overcome the electrothermal issues encountered in electronic devices. To additively process the PEI structures and the laser-induced surface, a high-precision laser nScrypt printer with different power, speed, and printing parameters was used. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed similar results for laser-induced graphene morphology and structural chemistry. Significantly, the 3.2 W laser-induced graphene crystalline size (La; 159 nm) is higher than the higher power (4 W; 29 nm) formation due to the surface temperature and oxidation. Under four-point probe electrical property measurements, at a laser power of 3.8 W, the resistivity of the co-processed structure was three orders of magnitude larger. The LIG structure and property improvement are possible by varying the laser conditions and the printing parameters. The lowest gauge factor (GF) found was 17 at 0.5% strain, and the highest GF found was 141.36 at 5%.
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8
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Hierarchically self-constructed alignment layer of comb-shaped amphiphilic copolymers for spontaneous and stable vertical orientation of liquid crystals. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Li Z, Ha KH, Wang Z, Kim S, Davis B, Lu R, Sirohi J, Lu N. Effects of AC frequency on the capacitance measurement of hybrid response pressure sensors. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8476-8485. [PMID: 36317698 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01250b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
E-skins consisting of soft pressure sensors are enabling technology for soft robots, bio-integrated devices, and deformable touch panels. A well-known bottleneck of capacitive pressure sensors (CPS) is the drastic decay in sensitivity with increasing pressure. To overcome this challenge, we have invented a hybrid-response pressure sensor (HRPS) that exhibits both the piezoresistive and piezocapacitive effects intrinsic to a highly porous nanocomposite (PNC) with carbon nanotube (CNT) dopants. The HRPS is constructed with two conductive electrodes sandwiching a laminated PNC and a stiff dielectric layer. We have simplified the hybrid response into a parallel resistor-capacitor circuit, whose output depends on the AC (alternating current) frequency used for the capacitance measurement. Herein, through theoretical analysis, we discover a dimensionless parameter that governs the frequency responses of the HRPS. The master curve is validated through experiments on the HRPS with various doping ratios, subject to different compressive strains, under diverse AC frequencies. In addition, the relative contribution of piezoresistive and piezocapacitive mechanisms are also found to vary with the three parameters. Based on this experimentally validated theory, we establish a very practical guideline for selecting the optimal AC frequency for the capacitance measurement of HRPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Li
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Kyoung-Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Zheliang Wang
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Sangjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ben Davis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ruojun Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jayant Sirohi
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Nanshu Lu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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10
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. Graphene-Induced Performance Enhancement of Batteries, Touch Screens, Transparent Memory, and Integrated Circuits: A Critical Review on a Decade of Developments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3146. [PMID: 36144934 PMCID: PMC9503183 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene achieved a peerless level among nanomaterials in terms of its application in electronic devices, owing to its fascinating and novel properties. Its large surface area and high electrical conductivity combine to create high-power batteries. In addition, because of its high optical transmittance, low sheet resistance, and the possibility of transferring it onto plastic substrates, graphene is also employed as a replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) in making electrodes for touch screens. Moreover, it was observed that graphene enhances the performance of transparent flexible electronic modules due to its higher mobility, minimal light absorbance, and superior mechanical properties. Graphene is even considered a potential substitute for the post-Si electronics era, where a high-performance graphene-based field-effect transistor (GFET) can be fabricated to detect the lethal SARS-CoV-2. Hence, graphene incorporation in electronic devices can facilitate immense device structure/performance advancements. In the light of the aforementioned facts, this review critically debates graphene as a prime candidate for the fabrication and performance enhancement of electronic devices, and its future applicability in various potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata 700033, India
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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11
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Wang L, Liu S, Cheng J, Peng Y, Meng F, Wu Z, Chen H. Poly( N, N-dimethyl)acrylamide-based ion-conductive gel with transparency, self-adhesion and rapid self-healing properties for human motion detection. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6115-6123. [PMID: 35943040 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors have been extensively studied for their potential value in monitoring human activity and health. However, it is still challenging to develop multifunctional flexible strain sensors with simultaneously high transparency, strong self-adhesion, fast self-healing and excellent tensile properties. In this study, we used N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) in the imidazolium-based ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide ([BMIM][Tf2N]) for "one-step" UV irradiation. A poly(N,N-dimethyl)acrylamide (PDMA) ion-conductive gel was prepared by site polymerization. Based on the good compatibility between PDMA and ionic liquid, the prepared ion-conductive gel has good transparency (∼90%), excellent stretchability (1080%), strong self-adhesion (67.57 kPa), fast self-healing (2 s at room temperature) and great antibacterial activity (∼99% bacterial killing efficiency). Moreover, the strain sensor based on the PDMA ion-conductive gel has good electromechanical performance and can detect different human motions. Based on the simple and easy-to-operate preparation method and the endowed multifunctionality of the PDMA ion-conductive gel, it has broad application prospects in the field of flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Shengjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jingjing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Fangfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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12
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Chen F, Tang Q, Ma T, Zhu B, Wang L, He C, Luo X, Cao S, Ma L, Cheng C. Structures, properties, and challenges of emerging
2D
materials in bioelectronics and biosensors. INFOMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qing Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Tian Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Bihui Zhu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Liyun Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Sujiao Cao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Lang Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Med‐X Center for Materials Sichuan University Chengdu China
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13
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Ghaffarkhah A, Hosseini E, Kamkar M, Sehat AA, Dordanihaghighi S, Allahbakhsh A, van der Kuur C, Arjmand M. Synthesis, Applications, and Prospects of Graphene Quantum Dots: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2102683. [PMID: 34549513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dot (GQD) is one of the youngest superstars of the carbon family. Since its emergence in 2008, GQD has attracted a great deal of attention due to its unique optoelectrical properties. Non-zero bandgap, the ability to accommodate functional groups and dopants, excellent dispersibility, highly tunable properties, and biocompatibility are among the most important characteristics of GQDs. To date, GQDs have displayed significant momentum in numerous fields such as energy devices, catalysis, sensing, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging. As this field is rapidly evolving, there is a strong need to identify the emerging challenges of GQDs in recent advances, mainly because some novel applications and numerous innovations on the ease of synthesis of GQDs are not systematically reviewed in earlier studies. This feature article provides a comparative and balanced discussion of recent advances in synthesis, properties, and applications of GQDs. Besides, current challenges and future prospects of these emerging carbon-based nanomaterials are also highlighted. The outlook provided in this review points out that the future of GQD research is boundless, particularly if upcoming studies focus on the ease of purification and eco-friendly synthesis along with improving the photoluminescence quantum yield and production yield of GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Ghaffarkhah
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hosseini
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ali Akbari Sehat
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Sara Dordanihaghighi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ahmad Allahbakhsh
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Colin van der Kuur
- ZEN Graphene Solutions, 210-1205 Amber Dr., Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6M4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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14
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Zhu J, Huang X, Song W. Physical and Chemical Sensors on the Basis of Laser-Induced Graphene: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18708-18741. [PMID: 34881870 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is produced rapidly by directly irradiating carbonaceous precursors, and it naturally exhibits as a three-dimensional porous structure. Due to advantages such as simple preparation, time-saving, environmental friendliness, low cost, and expanding categories of raw materials, LIG and its derivatives have achieved broad applications in sensors. This has been witnessed in various fields such as wearable devices, disease diagnosis, intelligent robots, and pollution detection. However, despite LIG sensors having demonstrated an excellent capability to monitor physical and chemical parameters, the systematic review of synthesis, sensing mechanisms, and applications of them combined with comparison against other preparation approaches of graphene is still lacking. Here, graphene-based sensors for physical, biological, and chemical detection are reviewed first, followed by the introduction of general preparation methods for the laser-induced method to yield graphene. The preparation and advantages of LIG, sensing mechanisms, and the properties of different types of emerging LIG-based sensors are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, possible solutions to the problems and challenges of preparing LIG and LIG-based sensors are proposed. This review may serve as a detailed reference to guide the development of LIG-based sensors that possess properties for future smart sensors in health care, environmental protection, and industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weixing Song
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Beijing 100048, China
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15
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Liu Y, Xu D, Ding Y, Lv X, Huang T, Yuan B, Jiang L, Sun X, Yao Y, Tang J. A conductive polyacrylamide hydrogel enabled by dispersion-enhanced MXene@chitosan assembly for highly stretchable and sensitive wearable skin. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8862-8870. [PMID: 34671799 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01798e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MXene is recognized as an ideal material for sensitive wearable strain sensors because of its unique advantages of conductivity, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties. However, conventional hydrogel sensors utilizing MXene as a conductive material inevitably encounter the excessive accumulation of MXene nanosheets during the process of synthesis, which limits the electron transmission, reduces the conductivity, and concurrently weakens the mechanical capability and sensitivity of sensors. Herein, we construct a dispersion-enhanced MXene hydrogel (DEMH) through a chitosan-induced self-assembly strategy for the first time. Charge transfer is carried out through the flow of a material or a collection of material microstructures, and thus the highly interconnected 3D MXene@Chitosan network provides fast transport channels for electrons, and the DEMH exhibits excellent conductivity and sensibility simultaneously. Besides, the electrostatic self-assembly between MXene and chitosan, and the supramolecular interactions between MXene, chitosan and polyacrylamide chain segment result in excellent mechanical strength (of up to 1900%) and flexibility of DEMH. Furthermore, the introduction of chitosan which possesses a high density of positively charged groups and MXene with semiconducting properties also endows sensor versatility, such as self-adhesion properties and antibacterial activity. This work develops a simple and cut-price strategy for combining MXene unaggregated into a hydrogel as a sensor with high conductivity, sensibility and flexibility. A simple and inexpensive strategy for avoiding self-stacking of two-dimensional conductive materials is proposed, which paves the way for a broad range of applications in electronic skin, human motion detection and intelligent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Daren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue 2699, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Lv
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Bolei Yuan
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xueying Sun
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuanqing Yao
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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16
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17
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Kim J, Lee Y, Kang M, Hu L, Zhao S, Ahn JH. 2D Materials for Skin-Mountable Electronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005858. [PMID: 33998064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin-mountable devices that can directly measure various biosignals and external stimuli and communicate the information to the users have been actively studied owing to increasing demand for wearable electronics and newer healthcare systems. Research on skin-mountable devices is mainly focused on those materials and mechanical design aspects that satisfy the device fabrication requirements on unusual substrates like skin and also for achieving good sensing capabilities and stable device operation in high-strain conditions. 2D materials that are atomically thin and possess unique electrical and optical properties offer several important features that can address the challenging needs in wearable, skin-mountable electronic devices. Herein, recent research progress on skin-mountable devices based on 2D materials that exhibit a variety of device functions including information input and output and in vitro and in vivo healthcare and diagnosis is reviewed. The challenges, potential solutions, and perspectives on trends for future work are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jejung Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minpyo Kang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Luhing Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Songfang Zhao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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18
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Xu R, Qu L, Tian M. Touch-sensing fabric encapsulated with hydrogel for human-computer interaction. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9014-9018. [PMID: 34610079 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible touch-sensing devices have attracted extensive attention in wearable electronics and human-machine interaction. The ionic touch-sensing hydrogels are ideal candidates for these scenarios, but the absorbed water evaporates easily from the hydrogel, reducing their working time and stability. Herein, we propose a touch-sensing fabric system composed of non-woven cellulose fabrics as a sheath shell layer encapsulated with a hydrogel filling layer. The resultant touch-sensing fabric has a super-thin structure (1 mm) and exhibits a low detecting threshold (50 Pa), high durability (100k times), strain/pressure insensitivity and extremely high touch positioning accuracy. In the proof of concept, a smart touch-sensing glove is equipped with our fabric, which can execute human-computer interaction as a flexible touch-sensing device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Xu
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Lijun Qu
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226007, P. R. China
| | - Mingwei Tian
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
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19
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Liu H, Guo ZH, Xu F, Jia L, Pan C, Wang ZL, Pu X. Triboelectric-optical responsive cholesteric liquid crystals for self-powered smart window, E-paper display and optical switch. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1986-1993. [PMID: 36654168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent responsive devices are crucial for a variety of applications ranging from smart electronics to robotics. Electro-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) have been widely applied in display panels, smart windows, and so on. In this work, we realize the mechanical stimuli-triggered optical responses of the CLC by integrating it with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which converts the mechanical motion into alternating current electricity and then tunes the different optical responses of the CLC. When the voltage applied on the CLC is relatively low (15-40 V), the TENG drives the switching between the bistable planar state and focal conic state of the CLC, which shows potential applications in self-powered smart windows or E-paper displays. When the voltage supplied by the TENG is larger than 60 V, a self-powered optical switch is demonstrated by utilizing the transformation between focal conic state and instantons homeotropic state of the CLC. This triboelectric-optical responsive device consumes no extra electric power and suggests a great potential for future smart electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi Hao Guo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luyao Jia
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chongxiang Pan
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332-0245, USA.
| | - Xiong Pu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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20
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Wang C, Qu X, Zheng Q, Liu Y, Tan P, Shi B, Ouyang H, Chao S, Zou Y, Zhao C, Liu Z, Li Y, Li Z. Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Skin-Mounted Active Sensor for Multipoint Muscle Function Assessment. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10130-10140. [PMID: 34086454 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of muscle function is an essential indicator for estimating elderly health, evaluating motor function, and instructing rehabilitation training, which also sets urgent requirements for mechanical sensors with superior quantification, accuracy, and reliability. To overcome the rigidity and vulnerability of traditional metallic electrodes, we synthesize an ionic hydrogel with large deformation tolerance and fast self-healing ability. And we propose a stretchable, self-healing, and skin-mounted (Triple S) active sensor (TSAS) based on the principles of electrostatic induction and electrostatic coupling. The skin modulus-matched TSAS provides outstanding sensing properties: maximum output voltage of 78.44 V, minimal detection limit of 0.2 mN, fast response time of 1.03 ms, high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent long-term service stability. In training of arm muscle, the functional signals of biceps and triceps brachii muscles as well as the joint dexterity of bending angle can be acquired simultaneously through TSAS. The signal can also be sent wirelessly to a terminal for analysis. With the characteristics of high sensitivity, reliability, convenience, and low-cost, TSAS shows its potential to be the next-generation procedure for real-time assessment of muscle function and rehabilitation training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuecheng Qu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Puchuan Tan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bojing Shi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Ouyang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shengyu Chao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhou Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Huo ZY, Kim YJ, Suh IY, Lee DM, Lee JH, Du Y, Wang S, Yoon HJ, Kim SW. Triboelectrification induced self-powered microbial disinfection using nanowire-enhanced localized electric field. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3693. [PMID: 34140490 PMCID: PMC8211783 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Air-transmitted pathogens may cause severe epidemics showing huge threats to public health. Microbial inactivation in the air is essential, whereas the feasibility of existing air disinfection technologies meets challenges including only achieving physical separation but no inactivation, obvious pressure drops, and energy intensiveness. Here we report a rapid disinfection method toward air-transmitted bacteria and viruses using the nanowire-enhanced localized electric field to damage the outer structures of microbes. This air disinfection system is driven by a triboelectric nanogenerator that converts mechanical vibration to electricity effectively and achieves self-powered. Assisted by a rational design for the accelerated charging and trapping of microbes, this air disinfection system promotes microbial transport and achieves high performance: >99.99% microbial inactivation within 0.025 s in a fast airflow (2 m/s) while only causing low pressure drops (<24 Pa). This rapid, self-powered air disinfection method may fill the urgent need for air-transmitted microbial inactivation to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yang Huo
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Yong Suh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Du
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Si Wang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hong-Joon Yoon
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Wang J, Wang H, Yin K, Zi Y. Tribo-Induced Color Tuner toward Smart Lighting and Self-Powered Wireless Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004970. [PMID: 34194937 PMCID: PMC8224429 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The color-tuning capability of solid-state lighting (SSL) systems are highly demanded for smart lighting according to the environmental conditions, as well as wireless sensing of the environmental information. In the meanwhile, state-of-the-art triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based sensing systems rely on bulky and expensive devices, which require cable connections and additional power consumptions. This work aims at solving these challenges, through developing a tribo-induced color tuner that can be integrated into the vastly distributed commercial SSL system. This tribo-induced color tuner includes a concentric color conversion plate consisting of (Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu phosphor and TiO2, a tribo-induced liquid lens, and a rotary freestanding sliding TENG. The color oscillation between purple and pink is achieved upon the tribo-charging by the TENG, which reveals the input mechanical motion signals. The signal can be conveniently sent by everywhere-existed lamps and processed by everyone-owned smartphone cameras or closed-circuit televisions. Through this approach, the function of wireless sensing is achieved without the need of preamplification, with no additional power supply required, as demonstrated for wireless sensing of the rotation speed. The smart lighting for underwater photographing is also demonstrated by the color-tunable SSL system with the best imaging quality achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- School of Marine SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityZhuhai519082China
- Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
| | - Kedong Yin
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Zhuhai519080China
| | - Yunlong Zi
- Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
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23
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Li G, Li L, Zhang P, Chang C, Xu F, Pu X. Ultra-stretchable and healable hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17437-17444. [PMID: 35479675 PMCID: PMC9032853 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The next-generation multifunctional soft electronic devices require the development of energy devices possessing comparable functions. In this work, an ultra-stretchable and healable hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is prepared for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. An ionic conductive hydrogel was developed with graphene oxide and Laponite. as the physical cross-linking points, exhibiting high stretchability (∼1356%) and healable capability. When using the hydrogel as the electrode, the TENG can operate normally at 900% tensile strain, while the electrical output of the TENG can fully recover to the initial value after healing the damage. This hydrogel-based TENG is demonstrated to power wearable electronics, and is used as a self-powered sensor for human motion monitoring and pressure sensing. Our work shows opportunities for multifunctional power sources and potential applications in wearable electronics. An ultra-stretchable and self-healing hydrogel is developed with graphene oxide and Laponite as collaborative physical crosslinking points, which is utilized in triboelectric nanogenerators for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Researh, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China
| | - Longwei Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China .,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China
| | - Caiyun Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Researh, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China
| | - Fan Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China .,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiong Pu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Researh, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China .,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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24
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Bae J, Chae Y, Park JG, Wu R, Ju J, Kim T. Direct Single-Step Printing of Conductive Grids on Curved Surfaces Using Template-Guided Foaming. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:19168-19175. [PMID: 33769778 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced transparent conductors have been studied intensively in the aspects of materials, structures, and printing methods. The material and structural advancements have been successfully accomplished with various conductive nanomaterials and spring-like structures for better electrical conductivity and high mechanical flexibility of the transparent conductors. However, the capability to print submicrometer conductive patterns directly and conformally on curved surfaces with low processing cost and high throughput remains a technological challenge to achieve, primarily because of the original two-dimensional (2D) nature of conventional lithography processes. In our study, we exploit a liquid-mediated patterning approach in the development of flexible templates, enabling printing of curvilinear silver grids in a single-step and strain-free manner at a submicrometer resolution within several minutes with minimum loss of noble metals. The template can guide arrays of receding liquid-air interfaces on curved substrates during liquid evaporation, thereby generating ordered 2D foam structures that can confine and assemble silver nanoparticles in grid patterns. The printed silver grids exhibit suitable optical, electrical, and Joule-heating performances, enabling their application in transparent heaters. Our technique has the potential to extend the existing 2D micro/nanofluidic liquid-mediated patterning approach to three-dimensional (3D) control of liquid-air interfaces for low-cost all-liquid-processed functional 3D optoelectronics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeol Bae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngchul Chae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Gyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ronghui Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Janghyun Ju
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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25
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Xu Y, Yang W, Yu X, Li H, Cheng T, Lu X, Wang ZL. Real-Time Monitoring System of Automobile Driver Status and Intelligent Fatigue Warning Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7271-7278. [PMID: 33733729 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To improve automobile safety, identifying driver fatigue is considerably crucial because it is one of the main causes of traffic accidents. In this research, smart systems based on a triboelectric nanogenerator are designed, which can provide driver status monitoring and fatigue warning in real time. The smart system consists of a self-powered steering-wheel angle sensor (SSAS) and a signal processing unit. The SSAS, which comprises a stator, a rotor, and a sleeve, is mounted on the steering rod, and the electrodes are designed with a phase difference to improve the resolution of the sensor. The turning angle of the steering wheel operated by the driver is recorded by the SSAS; meanwhile, the number of rotations, the average angle, and other parameters in the driver's recorded data are analyzed by the signal processing unit from which a warning threshold for each parameter is determined. The system assesses the status of the driver in real-time by comparing these parameters and threshold values, and experimental results demonstrate that driver status is accurately judged. This work has important potential applications in the fields of traffic safety and intelligent driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Xu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Weixiong Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Hancheng Li
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- CUSPEA Institute of Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325024, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- CUSPEA Institute of Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325024, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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26
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Yu J, Qin S, Zhang H, Wei Y, Zhu X, Yang Y, Sun Q. Fiber-Shaped Triboiontronic Electrochemical Transistor. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9840918. [PMID: 34007968 PMCID: PMC8098052 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9840918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Contact electrification-activated triboelectric potential offers an efficient route to tuning the transport properties in semiconductor devices through electrolyte dielectrics, i.e., triboiontronics. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) make more effective use of ion injection in the electrolyte dielectrics by changing the doping state of the semiconductor channel. However, the mainstream flexible/wearable electronics and OECT-based devices are usually modulated by electrical signals and constructed in conventional geometry, which lack direct and efficient interaction between the external environment and functional electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate a fiber-shaped triboiontronic electrochemical transistor with good electrical performances, including a current on/off ratio as high as ≈1286 with off-current at ~nA level, the average threshold displacements (Dth) of 0.3 mm, the subthreshold swing corresponding to displacement (SSD) at 1.6 mm/dec, and excellent flexibility and durability. The proposed triboiontronic electrochemical transistor has great potential to be used in flexible, functional, and smart self-powered electronic textile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinran Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China.,Department of Materials Science WW-4, LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Huai Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Yichen Wei
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China.,Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qijun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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27
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Sea urchin-like microstructure pressure sensors with an ultra-broad range and high sensitivity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1776. [PMID: 33741923 PMCID: PMC7979929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity and pressure range are two significant parameters of pressure sensors. Existing pressure sensors have difficulty achieving both high sensitivity and a wide pressure range. Therefore, we propose a new pressure sensor with a ternary nanocomposite Fe2O3/C@SnO2. The sea urchin-like Fe2O3 structure promotes signal transduction and protects Fe2O3 needles from mechanical breaking, while the acetylene carbon black improves the conductivity of Fe2O3. Moreover, one part of the SnO2 nanoparticles adheres to the surfaces of Fe2O3 needles and forms Fe2O3/SnO2 heterostructures, while its other part disperses into the carbon layer to form SnO2@C structure. Collectively, the synergistic effects of the three structures (Fe2O3/C, Fe2O3/SnO2 and SnO2@C) improves on the limited pressure response range of a single structure. The experimental results demonstrate that the Fe2O3/C@SnO2 pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (680 kPa−1), fast response (10 ms), broad range (up to 150 kPa), and good reproducibility (over 3500 cycles under a pressure of 110 kPa), implying that the new pressure sensor has wide application prospects especially in wearable electronic devices and health monitoring. Pressure sensors with high sensitivity and large pressure range is crucial to their various applications in electronic engineering. Here, Wang et al. propose a new design based on a ternary nanocomposite material and show high pressure sensitivity of 680 kPa−1 and fast response of 10 ms up to 150 kPa.
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28
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Comparison of applied torque and energy conversion efficiency between rotational triboelectric nanogenerator and electromagnetic generator. iScience 2021; 24:102318. [PMID: 33889817 PMCID: PMC8050373 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is regarded as an equally important mechanical energy harvesting technology as electromagnetic generator (EMG). Here, the input mechanical torques and energy conversion efficiencies of the rotating EMG and TENG are systematically measured, respectively. At constant rotation rates, the input mechanical torque of EMG is balanced by the friction resisting torque and electromagnetic resisting torque, which increases with the increasing rotation rate due to Ampere force. While the input mechanical torque of TENG is balanced by the friction resisting torque and electrostatic resisting torque, which is nearly constant at different rotation rates. The energy conversion efficiency of EMG increases with the increasing input mechanical power, while that of the TENG remains nearly constant. Compared with the EMG, the TENG has a higher conversion efficiency at a low input mechanical power, which demonstrates a remarkable merit of the TENG for efficiently harvesting weak ambient mechanical energy. The applied torque of the rotating EMG and TENG are systematically measured The energy conversion efficiencies of both generators are quantified and compared This work has demonstrated a remarkable merit of the TENG under a gentle-triggering
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29
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Han SA, Lee JH, Seung W, Lee J, Kim SW, Kim JH. Patchable and Implantable 2D Nanogenerator. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e1903519. [PMID: 31588681 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the development of technology, electronic devices are becoming more miniaturized and multifunctional. With the development of small electronic devices, they are changing from the conventional accessory type, which is portable, to the patchable type, which can be attached to a person's apparel or body, and the eatable/implantable type, which can be directly implanted into the human body. In this regard, it is necessary to address various technical issues, such as high-capacity/high-efficiency small-sized battery technology, component miniaturization, low power technology, flexible technology, and smart sensing technology. In addition, there is a demand for self-powered wireless systems in particular devices. A piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator (PENG/TENG) can generate electric energy from small amounts of mechanical energy such as from blood flow and heartbeats in the human body as well as human movement, so it is expected that it will enable the development of self-powered wireless systems. Due to their unique properties, such as flexibility, transparency, mechanical stability, and nontoxicity, 2D materials are optimal materials for the development of implantable and patchable self-powered nanodevices in the human body. In this Review, the studies related to patchable and implantable devices for the human body using PENGs/TENGs based on 2D materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang A Han
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyuck Lee
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanchul Seung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
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30
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Ryu H, Kim SW. Emerging Pyroelectric Nanogenerators to Convert Thermal Energy into Electrical Energy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e1903469. [PMID: 31682066 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pyroelectric energy harvesting systems have recently received substantial attention for their potential applications as power generators. In particular, the pyroelectric effect, which converts thermal energy into electrical energy, has been utilized as an infrared (IR) sensor, but upcoming sensor technology that requires a miniscule amount of power is able to utilize pyroelectric nanogenerators (PyNGs) as a power source. Herein, an overview of the progress in the development of PyNGs for an energy harvesting system that uses environmental or artificial energies such as the sun, body heat, and heaters, is provided. It begins with a brief introduction of the pyroelectric effect, and various polymer and ceramic materials based PyNGs are reviewed in detail. Various approaches for developing polymer-based PyNGs and various ceramic materials-based PyNGs are summarized in particular. Finally, challenges and perspectives regarding the PyNGs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Ryu
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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31
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Yadav BC, Lifintseva TV, Uflyand IE. Polymer chemistry underpinning materials for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs): Recent trends. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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32
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Tian J, Wang F, Ding Y, Lei R, Shi Y, Tao X, Li S, Yang Y, Chen X. Self-Powered Room-Temperature Ethanol Sensor Based on Brush-Shaped Triboelectric Nanogenerator. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:8564780. [PMID: 33748764 PMCID: PMC7945684 DOI: 10.34133/2021/8564780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive ethanol sensors have been widely utilized in environmental protection, industrial monitoring, and drink-driving tests. In this work, a fully self-powered ethanol detector operating at room temperature has been developed based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The gas-sensitive oxide semiconductor is selected as the sensory component for the ethanol detection, while the resistance change of the oxide semiconductor can well match the "linear" region of the load characteristic curve of TENG. Hence, the output signal of TENG can directly reveal the concentration change of ethanol gas. An accelerator gearbox is applied to support the operation of the TENG, and the concentration change of ethanol gas can be visualized on the Liquid Crystal Display. This fully self-powered ethanol detector has excellent durability, low fabrication cost, and high selectivity of 5 ppm. Therefore, the ethanol detector based on TENG not only provides a different approach for the gas detection but also further demonstrates the application potential of TENG for various sensory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yafei Ding
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Lei
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxiang Shi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinglin Tao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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33
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Kafiah F, Laoui T, Abdelsalam E, Atieh MA, Khan Z, Alkasrawi M. Monolayer Graphene Transfer onto Hydrophilic Substrates: A New Protocol Using Electrostatic Charging. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110358. [PMID: 33233819 PMCID: PMC7699948 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we developed a novel method for transferring monolayer graphene onto four different commercial hydrophilic micro/ultra-filtration substrates. The developed method used electrostatic charging to maintain the contact between the graphene and the target substrate intact during the etching step through the wet transfer process. Several measurement/analysis techniques were used in order to evaluate the properties of the surfaces and to assess the quality of the transferred graphene. The techniques included water contact angle (CA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Potassium chloride (KCl) ions were used for the transport study through the developed graphene-based membranes. The results revealed that 70% rejection of KCI ions was recorded for the graphene/polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF1) membrane, followed by 67% rejection for the graphene/polyethersulfone (PES) membrane, and 65% rejection for graphene/PVDF3 membrane. It was revealed that the smoothest substrate was the most effective in rejecting the ions. Although defects such as tears and cracks within the graphene layer were still evolving in this new transfer method, however, the use of Nylon 6,6 interfacial polymerization allowed sealing the tears and cracks within the graphene monolayer. This enhanced the KCl ions rejection of up to 85% through the defect-sealed graphene/polymer composite membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras Kafiah
- School of Engineering Technology, Al Hussein Technical University, Amman 11831, Jordan; (F.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Tahar Laoui
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Emad Abdelsalam
- School of Engineering Technology, Al Hussein Technical University, Amman 11831, Jordan; (F.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Muataz Ali Atieh
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
| | - Zafarullah Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Malek Alkasrawi
- Department of Engineering, Wisconsin Institute for Sustainable Technology (WIST), College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI 54481, USA
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (M.A.)
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34
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Liu X, Zhang Q, Gao G. Solvent-Resistant and Nonswellable Hydrogel Conductor toward Mechanical Perception in Diverse Liquid Media. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13709-13717. [PMID: 32924434 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wet-resistant flexible electronics have gained impressive attention as underwater wearable sensors, all-weather electronic skins, and implantable bioelectrodes. However, fabricating a stable and nonswelling hydrogel-based electronic device used in diverse liquid media is challenging and promising for the progress of wet-resistance electronics. Herein, a solvent-resistant and tough hydrogel conductor is successfully prepared and exhibits fatigue resistance, antifreezing behavior, and nonswelling and wet-adhesion performances in organic and aqueous solutions. Moreover, the hydrogels are utilized as all-weather wearable sensors featuring high sensitivity, reliability, and wide sensing ranges for monitoring and distinguishing various physiological signals and human motions. Furthermore, the hydrogel sensors can even achieve accurate and stable mechanical sensing of pressure, bending, and stretching in diverse solvents consisting of water, chloroform, hexane, and dodecane. It is envisioned that the solvent-resistant and antifreezing hydrogel conductor can present promising feasibility as all-weather electronic skins, intelligent sensors in solvents, and soft robots in various harsh liquid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130000, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130000, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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Facile Fabrication of 3D Porous Sponges Coated with Synergistic Carbon Black/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Tactile Sensing Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101941. [PMID: 33003491 PMCID: PMC7601623 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, flexible tactile sensors based on three-dimensional (3D) porous conductive composites, endowed with high sensitivity, a wide sensing range, fast response, and the capability to detect low pressures, have aroused considerable attention. These sensors have been employed in different practical domain areas such as artificial skin, healthcare systems, and human-machine interaction. In this study, a facile, cost-efficient method is proposed for fabricating a highly sensitive piezoresistive tactile sensor based on a 3D porous dielectric layer. The proposed sensor is designed with a simple dip-coating homogeneous synergetic conductive network of carbon black (CB) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) composite on polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) sponge skeletons. The unique combination of a 3D porous structure, with hybrid conductive networks of CB/MWCNTs displayed a superior elasticity, with outstanding electrical characterization under external compression. The piezoresistive tactile sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of (15 kPa-1), with a rapid response time (100 ms), the capability of detecting both large and small compressive strains, as well as excellent mechanical deformability and stability over 1000 cycles. Benefiting from a long-term stability, fast response, and low-detection limit, the piezoresistive sensor was successfully utilized in monitoring human physiological signals, including finger heart rate, pulses, knee bending, respiration, and finger grabbing motions during the process of picking up an object. Furthermore, a comprehensive performance of the sensor was carried out, and the sensor's design fulfilled vital evaluation metrics, such as low-cost and simplicity in the fabrication process. Thus, 3D porous-based piezoresistive tactile sensors could rapidly promote the development of high-performance flexible sensors, and make them very attractive for an enormous range of potential applications in healthcare devices, wearable electronics, and intelligent robotic systems.
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36
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Li J, Long Y, Yang F, Wang X. Respiration-driven triboelectric nanogenerators for biomedical applications. ECOMAT 2020; 2:e12045. [PMID: 34172981 DOI: 10.1002/eom2.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As a fundamental and ubiquitous body motion, respiration offers a large amount of biomechanical energy with an average power up to the Watt level through movements of multiple muscles. The energy from respiration featured with excellent stability, accessibility and continuality inspires the design and engineering of biomechanical energy harvesting devices, such as triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), to realize human-powered electronics. This review article is thus dedicated to the emerging respiration-driven TENG technology, covering fundamentals, applications, and perspectives. Specifically, the human breathing mechanics are first introduced serving as the base for the developments of TENG devices with different configurations. Biomedical applications including electrical energy generation, healthcare monitoring, air filtration, gas sensing, electrostimulation, and powering implantable medical devices are then analyzed focusing on the design-application relationships. At last, current developments are summarized and critical challenges for driving these intriguing developments toward practical applications are discussed together with promising solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Yin Long
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
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Abstract
While reactions driven by mechanical force or stress can be labeled mechanochemical, those specifically occurring at a sliding interface inherit the name tribochemical, which stems from the study of friction and wear: tribology. Increased perception of tribochemical reactions has been gained through technological advancement, and the development of new applications remains on-going. This surprising physico-kinetic process offers great potential in novel reaction pathways for synthesis techniques and nanoparticle interactions, and it could prove to be a powerful cross-disciplinary research area among chemists, engineers, and physicists. In this review article, a survey of the history and recent usage of tribochemical reaction pathways is presented, with a focus on forging new compounds and materials with this sustainable synthesis methodology. In addition, an overview of tribochemistry’s current utility as a synthesis pathway is given and compared to that of traditional mechanochemistry.
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Mei D, Jiang C. Development of Fully Flexible Tactile Pressure Sensor with Bilayer Interlaced Bumps for Robotic Grasping Applications. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E770. [PMID: 32806604 PMCID: PMC7463877 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors have been utilized in intelligent robotics for human-machine interaction and healthcare monitoring. The relatively low flexibility, unbalanced sensitivity and sensing range of the tactile sensors are hindering the accurate tactile information perception during robotic hand grasping of different objects. This paper developed a fully flexible tactile pressure sensor, using the flexible graphene and silver composites as the sensing element and stretchable electrodes, respectively. As for the structural design of the tactile sensor, the proposed bilayer interlaced bumps can be used to convert external pressure into the stretching of graphene composites. The fabricated tactile sensor exhibits a high sensing performance, including relatively high sensitivity (up to 3.40% kPa-1), wide sensing range (200 kPa), good dynamic response, and considerable repeatability. Then, the tactile sensor has been integrated with the robotic hand finger, and the grasping results have indicated the capability of using the tactile sensor to detect the distributed pressure during grasping applications. The grasping motions, properties of the objects can be further analyzed through the acquired tactile information in time and spatial domains, demonstrating the potential applications of the tactile sensor in intelligent robotics and human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Deqing Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengpeng Jiang
- Research Center for Smart Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China;
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Al-Qatatsheh A, Morsi Y, Zavabeti A, Zolfagharian A, Salim N, Z. Kouzani A, Mosadegh B, Gharaie S. Blood Pressure Sensors: Materials, Fabrication Methods, Performance Evaluations and Future Perspectives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4484. [PMID: 32796604 PMCID: PMC7474433 DOI: 10.3390/s20164484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in materials science and fabrication techniques have contributed to the significant growing attention to a wide variety of sensors for digital healthcare. While the progress in this area is tremendously impressive, few wearable sensors with the capability of real-time blood pressure monitoring are approved for clinical use. One of the key obstacles in the further development of wearable sensors for medical applications is the lack of comprehensive technical evaluation of sensor materials against the expected clinical performance. Here, we present an extensive review and critical analysis of various materials applied in the design and fabrication of wearable sensors. In our unique transdisciplinary approach, we studied the fundamentals of blood pressure and examined its measuring modalities while focusing on their clinical use and sensing principles to identify material functionalities. Then, we carefully reviewed various categories of functional materials utilized in sensor building blocks allowing for comparative analysis of the performance of a wide range of materials throughout the sensor operational-life cycle. Not only this provides essential data to enhance the materials' properties and optimize their performance, but also, it highlights new perspectives and provides suggestions to develop the next generation pressure sensors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Qatatsheh
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Nisa Salim
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Abbas Z. Kouzani
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Bobak Mosadegh
- Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Saleh Gharaie
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
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40
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Transduction Mechanisms, Micro-Structuring Techniques, and Applications of Electronic Skin Pressure Sensors: A Review of Recent Advances. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20164407. [PMID: 32784603 PMCID: PMC7472322 DOI: 10.3390/s20164407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electronic skin (e-skin), which is an electronic surrogate of human skin, aims to recreate the multifunctionality of skin by using sensing units to detect multiple stimuli, while keeping key features of skin such as low thickness, stretchability, flexibility, and conformability. One of the most important stimuli to be detected is pressure due to its relevance in a plethora of applications, from health monitoring to functional prosthesis, robotics, and human-machine-interfaces (HMI). The performance of these e-skin pressure sensors is tailored, typically through micro-structuring techniques (such as photolithography, unconventional molds, incorporation of naturally micro-structured materials, laser engraving, amongst others) to achieve high sensitivities (commonly above 1 kPa−1), which is mostly relevant for health monitoring applications, or to extend the linearity of the behavior over a larger pressure range (from few Pa to 100 kPa), an important feature for functional prosthesis. Hence, this review intends to give a generalized view over the most relevant highlights in the development and micro-structuring of e-skin pressure sensors, while contributing to update the field with the most recent research. A special emphasis is devoted to the most employed pressure transduction mechanisms, namely capacitance, piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, and triboelectricity, as well as to materials and novel techniques more recently explored to innovate the field and bring it a step closer to general adoption by society.
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41
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Chen D, Liu Z, Li Y, Sun D, Liu X, Pang J, Liu H, Zhou W. Unsymmetrical Alveolate PMMA/MWCNT Film as a Piezoresistive E-Skin with Four-Dimensional Resolution and Application for Detecting Motion Direction and Airflow Rate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30896-30904. [PMID: 32515937 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and piezoresistive electronic skins (E-skins) with high spatial resolution are highly desired in artificial intelligence and human-machine interactions. In this study, a simple method is developed to pattern a piezoresistive layer using lithography, which can realize real-time tactile sensing and spatial resolution. The piezoresistive layer with a honeycomb hole array based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated using a reverse mold with a ZnO nanorod array. The device exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 88 kPa-1 in the low-pressure regime (<10 kPa) and a fast response time of 110 ms owing to the conductive honeycomb structure. The E-skin-based PMMA/MWCNT honeycomb array film can be applied to monitor bending and vibration by changing the contact area of the hole walls. A 4 × 4 piezoresistive matrix was fabricated by lithography for a 16-pixel tactile-sensing E-skin, which realizes a four-dimensional resolution including the space and time resolutions of pressure points. In addition, by using the unsymmetrical structure of an alveolate PMMA/MWCNT film, the detection of direction and velocity for the movement and gas flow were realized. The obtained piezoresistive and unsymmetrical tactile sensor realized a four-dimensional resolution, including a three-dimensional space and a fourth dimension of timeline, which enables future applications of human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Dehui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Pang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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42
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Liu Q, Liu Z, Li C, Xie K, Zhu P, Shao B, Zhang J, Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Q, Guo CF. Highly Transparent and Flexible Iontronic Pressure Sensors Based on an Opaque to Transparent Transition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000348. [PMID: 32440489 PMCID: PMC7237840 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Human-computer interfaces, smart glasses, touch screens, and some electronic skins require highly transparent and flexible pressure-sensing elements. Flexible pressure sensors often apply a microstructured or porous active material to improve their sensitivity and response speed. However, the microstructures or small pores will result in high haze and low transparency of the device, and thus it is challenging to balance the sensitivity and transparency simultaneously in flexible pressure sensors or electronic skins. Here, for a capacitive-type sensor that consists of a porous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film sandwiched between two transparent electrodes, the challenge is addressed by filling the pores with ionic liquid that has the same refractive index with PVDF, and the transmittance of the film dramatically boosts from 0 to 94.8% in the visible range. Apart from optical matching, the ionic liquid also significantly improves the signal intensity as well as the sensitivity due to the formation of an electric double layer at the dielectric-electrode interfaces, and improves the toughness and stretchability of the active material benefiting from a plasticization effect. Such transparent and flexible sensors will be useful in smart windows, invisible bands, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxian Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Chenggao Li
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Kewei Xie
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Pang Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Biqi Shao
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Junlong Yang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong515063China
| | - Chuan Fei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
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43
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Invisible Silver Nanomesh Skin Electrode via Mechanical Press Welding. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040633. [PMID: 32231110 PMCID: PMC7222014 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanowire (AgNW) has been studied as an important material for next-generation wearable devices due to its high flexibility, high electrical conductivity and high optical transmittance. However, the inherently high surface roughness of AgNWs and low adhesion to the substrate still need to be resolved for various device applications. In this study, an embedded two-dimensional (2D) Ag nanomesh was fabricated by mechanical press welding of AgNW networks with a three-dimensional (3D) fabric shape into a nanomesh shape, and by embedding the Ag nanomesh in a flexible substrate. The effect of the embedded AgNWs on the physical and electrical properties of a flexible transparent electrode was investigated. By forming embedded nanomesh-type AgNWs from AgNW networks, improvements in physical and electrical properties, such as a 43% decrease in haziness, 63% decrease in sheet resistance, and 26% increase in flexibility, as well as improved adhesion to the substrate and low surface roughness, were observed.
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44
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Zhang H, Yu J, Yang X, Gao G, Qin S, Sun J, Ding M, Jia C, Sun Q, Wang ZL. Ion Gel Capacitively Coupled Tribotronic Gating for Multiparameter Distance Sensing. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3461-3468. [PMID: 32058695 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing sophisticated device architectures is of great significance to go beyond Moore's law with versatility toward human-machine interaction and artificial intelligence. Tribotronics/tribo-iontronics offer a direct way to controlling the transport properties of semiconductor devices by mechanical actions, which fundamentally relies on how to enhance the tribotronic gating effect through device engineering. Here, we propose a universal method to enhance the tribotronic properties through electric double layer (EDL) capacitive coupling. By preparing an ion gel layer on top of tribotronic graphene transistor, we demonstrate a dual-mode field effect transistor (i.e., a tribotronic transistor with capacitively coupled ion gel and an ion-gel-gated graphene transistor with a second tribotronic gate). The resulted tribotronic gating performances are greatly improved by twice for the on-state current and four times for the on/off ratio (the first mode). It can also be utilized as a multiparameter distance sensor with drain current increased by ∼600 μA and threshold voltage shifted by ∼0.8 V under a mechanical displacement of 0.25 mm (the second mode). The proposed methodology of EDL capacitive coupling offers a facile and efficient way to designing more sophisticated tribotronic devices with superior performance and multifunctional sensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinran Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xixi Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoyun Gao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Chuankun Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Qijun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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Wu C, Zhang T, Zhang J, Huang J, Tang X, Zhou T, Rong Y, Huang Y, Shi S, Zeng D. A new approach for an ultrasensitive tactile sensor covering an ultrawide pressure range based on the hierarchical pressure-peak effect. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:541-552. [PMID: 32118233 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00671k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors that imitate the skin tactile system have attracted extensive research interest due to their potential applications in medical diagnosis, intelligent robots and so on. However, it is still a great challenge to date to fabricate tactile sensors with both high sensitivity and wide detection range due to the difficulties in modulating the resistance variation in the sensing materials in a wide pressure range. Here, a tactile sensor with a novel design based on the hierarchical pressure-peak effect (HPPE) consisting of PVP nanowires and electroless deposition (ELD) silver PDMS micro-pyramids is reported. The HPPE can effectively modulate the resistance change rate by adjusting the change of contact area during compression deformation, and the HPPE tactile sensor was demonstrated to have both ultrahigh sensitivity (11.60-1108.75 kPa-1) and ultrawide pressure range (0.04-600 kPa). The designed HPPE tactile sensor is successfully utilized in detecting multi-level pressures including respiration, finger heart rate, pulse and foot pressures. Moreover, it is used to sense a subtle clamping force in the Leonardo Da Vinci surgical robot demonstrating the potential of the sensor in surgical robot applications. In all these cases, the sensor exhibits enough capability to respond quickly to ultrawide-range pressures with high accuracy and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China. and State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jin Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Tingting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Youmin Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Songxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dawen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China. and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430074, China
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Li H, Zhang X, Zhao L, Jiang D, Xu L, Liu Z, Wu Y, Hu K, Zhang MR, Wang J, Fan Y, Li Z. A Hybrid Biofuel and Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Bioenergy Harvesting. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:50. [PMID: 34138256 PMCID: PMC7770853 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-0376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Various types of energy exist everywhere around us, and these energies can be harvested from multiple sources to power micro-/nanoelectronic system and even personal electronic products. In this work, we proposed a hybrid energy-harvesting system (HEHS) for potential in vivo applications. The HEHS consisted of a triboelectric nanogenerator and a glucose fuel cell for simultaneously harvesting biomechanical energy and biochemical energy in simulated body fluid. These two energy-harvesting units can work individually as a single power source or work simultaneously as an integrated system. This design strengthened the flexibility of harvesting multiple energies and enhanced corresponding electric output. Compared with any individual device, the integrated HEHS outputs a superimposed current and has a faster charging rate. Using the harvested energy, HEHS can power a calculator or a green light-emitting diode pattern. Considering the widely existed biomechanical energy and glucose molecules in the body, the developed HEHS can be a promising candidate for building in vivo self-powered healthcare monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Luming Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Jiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jiangxue Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhou Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang C, Zhou B, Wei Z, Zheng G, Ji Y, Mi L, Dai K, Liu C, Shen C. Transparent Conductive Flexible Trilayer Films for a Deicing Window and Self-Recover Bending Sensor Based on a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polyvinyl Butyral Interlayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1454-1464. [PMID: 31841302 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A flexible transparent conductive film (TCF) is an important component in many modern smart devices. Recent TCF is always fabricated based on indium tin oxide (ITO). However, the drawbacks of ITO (e.g., brittle nature, high cost, and resource scarcity) and the complex preparation process of TCF limit the massive production and further application of TCF. Herein, a facile and low-cost method is proposed to prepare flexible TCF. Rolls of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)/polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer film were first fabricated by the roll-to-roll (R2R) spraying method. Then, the interlayer film was laminated between polycarbonate (PC) films (0.1 mm in thickness) to fabricate a transparent (80% optical transmittance) but flexible trilayer film. Such a prepared trilayer film shows multifunctional applications. For example, on the one hand, high conductivity and uniform distribution of resistance ensure that it can work as a deicing window with good performance at a low voltage. On the other hand, its flexibility, rapid self-recovery, and stable response enable it to be used as a bending sensor, which shows remarkable stability, repeatability, and durability. This study provides a facile method to fabricate TCF based on commercial but low-cost materials, which is suitable for industrial production and wide practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Bing Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Zhai Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Guoqiang Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Youxin Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering , Zhongyuan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450007 , China
| | - Kui Dai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
- Advanced Research Center for Polymer Processing Engineering of Guangdong Province , Guangdong Industry Polytechnic , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Changyu Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
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Wang HL, Kuang SY, Li HY, Wang ZL, Zhu G. Large-Area Integrated Triboelectric Sensor Array for Wireless Static and Dynamic Pressure Detection and Mapping. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906352. [PMID: 31814245 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Large-area flexible pressure sensors are of paramount importance for various future applications, such as electronic skin, human-machine interfacing, and health-monitoring devices. Here, a self-powered and large-area integrated triboelectric sensor array (ITSA) based on coupling a triboelectric sensor array and an array chip of CD4066 through a traditional connection is reported. Enabled by a simple and cost-effective fabrication process, the size of the ITSA can be scaled up to 38 × 38 cm2 . In addition, unlike previously proposed triboelectric sensors arrays, which can only react to the dynamic interaction, this ITSA is able to detect static and dynamic pressure. Moreover, through integrating the ITSA with a signal processing circuit, a complete wireless sensing system is present. Diverse applications of the system are demonstrated in detail, including detecting pressure, identifying position, tracking trajectory, and recognizing the profile of external contact objects. Thus, the ITSA in this work opens a new route in the direction of large-area, self-powered, and wireless triboelectric sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lu Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement and Hubei, Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang Li
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Guang Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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Liu J, Muíños HV, Nordlund K, Djurabekova F. Structural properties of protective diamond-like-carbon thin films grown on multilayer graphene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:505703. [PMID: 31476739 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab4094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the versatility of electronic properties of graphene, its fragility and low resistance to damage and external deformations reduce the practical value of this material for many applications. Coating of graphene with a thin layer of hard amorphous carbon is considered as a viable solution to protect the 2D material against accidental scratches and other external damaging impacts. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the deposition condition and quality of diamond-like-carbon (DLC) on top of multilayer graphene by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Deposition of carbon atoms with 70 eV incident energy at 100 K resulted in the highest content of [Formula: see text]-bonded C atoms. An increase of the number of dangling bonds at the interface between the top graphene layer and the DLC film indicates that decrease of the incident energy reduces the adhesion quality of DLC thin film on graphene. Analysis of radial distribution function indicates that [Formula: see text] hybridized carbon atoms tend to grow near already existing [Formula: see text]-atoms. This explains why the quality of the DLC structures grown on graphene have generally a lower content of [Formula: see text] C atoms compared to those grown directly on diamond. Ring analysis further shows that a DLC structure grown on the [Formula: see text]-rich structures like graphene contains a higher fraction of disordered ring structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, POB 43, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
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