1
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Knepper LE, Ankrom ET, Thévenin D. Enhancing Anti-Cancer Immune Response by Acidosis-Sensitive Nanobody Display. J Membr Biol 2024:10.1007/s00232-024-00322-3. [PMID: 39254684 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
One of the main challenges with many cancer immunotherapies is that biomarkers are needed for targeting. These biomarkers are often associated with tumors but are not specific to a particular tumor and can lead to damage in healthy tissues, resistance to treatment, or the need for customization for different types of cancer due to variations in targets. A promising alternative approach is to target the acidic microenvironment found in most solid tumor types. This can be achieved using the pH (Low) Insertion Peptide (pHLIP), which inserts selectively into cell membranes under acidic conditions, sparing healthy tissues. pHLIP has shown potential for imaging, drug delivery, and surface display. For instance, we previously used pHLIP to display epitopes on the surfaces of cancer cells, enabling antibody-mediated immune cell recruitment and selective killing of cancer cells. In this study, we further explored this concept by directly fusing an anti-CD16 nanobody, which activates natural killer (NK) cells, to pHLIP, eliminating the need for antibody recruitment. Our results demonstrated the insertion of pH-sensitive agents into cancer cells, activation of the CD16 receptor on effector cells, and successful targeting and destruction of cancer cells by high-affinity CD16+ NK cells in two cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Knepper
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Emily T Ankrom
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Damien Thévenin
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
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2
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Knepper LE, Ankrom ET, Thévenin D. Enhancing Anti-Cancer Immune Response by Acidosis-sensitive Nanobody Display. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4750804. [PMID: 39184093 PMCID: PMC11343302 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4750804/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
One of the main challenges with many cancer immuno-therapies is that they depend on biomarkers for targeting. These biomarkers are often associated with tumors but are not specific to a particular tumor, which can lead to damage in healthy tissues, resistance to treatment, and the need for customization for different types of cancer due to the variations in targets. A promising alternative approach is to target the acidic microenvironment found in most solid tumor types. This can be achieved using the pH (Low) Insertion Peptide (pHLIP), which inserts selectively into cell membranes in acidic conditions, sparing healthy tissues. pHLIP has shown potential for imaging, drug delivery, and surface display. For instance, we previously used pHLIP to display epitopes on the surfaces of cancer cells, enabling antibody-mediated immune cell recruitment and selective killing of cancer cells. In this study, we further this concept by directly fusing an anti-CD16 nanobody, which activates Natural Killer (NK) cells, to pHLIP, eliminating the need for antibody recruitment. Our results demonstrate pH-sensitive insertion into cancer cells, activation of the CD16 receptor on effector cells, and successful targeting and destruction of cancer cells by high-affinity CD16 + NK cells in two cancer cell lines.
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3
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Zang J, Mei Y, Zhu S, Yin S, Feng N, Ci T, Lyu Y. Natural Killer-Based Therapy: A Prospective Thought for Cancer Treatment Related to Diversified Drug Delivery Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:939. [PMID: 39065636 PMCID: PMC11279587 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been a research hotspot due to its low side effects, long-lasting efficacy, and wide anti-tumor spectrum. Recently, NK cell-based immunotherapy has gained broad attention for its unique immunological character of tumor identification and eradication and low risk of graft-versus-host disease and cytokine storm. With the cooperation of a drug delivery system (DDS), NK cells activate tumoricidal activity by adjusting the balance of the activating and inhibitory signals on their surface after drug-loaded DDS administration. Moreover, NK cells or NK-derived exosomes can also be applied as drug carriers for distinct modification to promote NK activation and exert anti-tumor effects. In this review, we first introduce the source and classification of NK cells and describe the common activating and inhibitory receptors on their surface. Then, we summarize the strategies for activating NK cells in vivo through various DDSs. Finally, the application prospects of NK cells in tumor immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (J.Z.); (N.F.)
| | - Yijun Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Shiguo Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Shaoping Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Nianping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (J.Z.); (N.F.)
| | - Tianyuan Ci
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (J.Z.); (N.F.)
| | - Yaqi Lyu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (J.Z.); (N.F.)
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4
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Pan Y, Cheng J, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Fan W, Chen X. Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6399-6444. [PMID: 38745455 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00968d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis causes greater than 90% of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of cancer due to its high heterogeneity and widespread dissemination to various organs. Therefore, it is imperative to combat cancer metastasis, which is the key to achieving complete cancer eradication. Immunotherapy as a systemic approach has shown promising potential to combat metastasis. However, current clinical immunotherapies are not effective for all patients or all types of cancer metastases owing to insufficient immune responses. In recent years, immunological nanomaterials with intrinsic immunogenicity or immunomodulatory agents with efficient loading have been shown to enhance immune responses to eliminate metastasis. In this review, we would like to summarize various types of immunological nanomaterials against metastasis. Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (e.g., optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, etc.) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of immunological nanomaterial-based anti-metastasis are also elucidated with the intention to accelerate its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
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5
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Qian R, Guo Y, Wang R, Wang S, Gao X, Zhu Z, Wang K, Zhu K, Jia B, Chen Y, Wang Z, Ren J, Duan X, Han X. Cell Membrane Hybrid Lipid Nanovesicles Enhance Innate Immunity for Synergistic Immunotherapy by Promoting Immunogenic Cell Death and cGAS Activation. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0038. [PMID: 38868091 PMCID: PMC11168305 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy shows great therapeutic potential for long-term protection against tumor relapse and metastasis. Innate immune sensors, such as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING), dissolve DNA and induce type I interferon. Through activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, chemotherapy drugs and reversine (REV) may provide synergetic anti-tumor effects. Here, we prepared drug-loaded cell membrane hybrid lipid nanovesicles (LEVs) (designated LEV@DOX@REV) by fusion of cell membranes, phospholipids, doxorubicin (DOX), and REV, to realize accurate delivery to tumors and chemo-immunotherapy. The cell membranes of LEVs confer "homing" abilities. DOX can induce immunogenic cell death as a result of its specific immunomodulatory effects, which promotes the maturation of immune cells and improves the microenvironment of the immune system. REV is proven to efficiently activate cGAS/STING signaling, thereby enhancing the immune system. The antitumor efficacy of LEV@DOX@REV was evaluated in a 4T1 subcutaneous tumor xenograft model, a distant metastatic tumor model, and a liver metastatic tumor model. LEV@DOX@REV facilitated the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes within tumors, increased the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and modified the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, LEV@DOX@REV displayed favorable antitumor effects and extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice. We therefore successfully developed nanoparticles capable of enhancing immune activation that have potential therapeutic applications for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yawen Guo
- Department of Immuno-Oncology,
The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruihua Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,
Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Medical Technology,
Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang 473000, Henan, China
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,
Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine,
Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine,
Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Baosong Jia
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery,
The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Department of Radiology,
Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology,
The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianzhuang Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuhua Duan
- Department of Interventional Radiology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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6
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Guo S, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang J, Qin S, Li W. Advances in peptide-based drug delivery systems. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26009. [PMID: 38404797 PMCID: PMC10884816 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are designed to deliver drugs to their specific targets to minimize their toxic effects and improve their susceptibility to clearance during targeted transport. Peptides have high affinity, low immunogenicity, simple amino acid composition, and adjustable molecular size; therefore, most peptides can be coupled to drugs via linkers to form peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) and act as active pro-drugs. PDCs are widely thought to be promising DDSs, given their ability to improve drug bio-compatibility and physiological stability. Peptide-based DDSs are often used to deliver therapeutic substances such as anti-cancer drugs and nucleic acid-based drugs, which not only slow the degradation rate of drugs in vivo but also ensure the drug concentration at the targeted site and prolong the half-life of drugs in vivo. This article provides an profile of the advancements and future development in functional peptide-based DDSs both domestically and internationally in recent years, in the expectation of achieving targeted drug delivery incorporating functional peptides and taking full advantage of synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Guo
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266112, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266112, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266112, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
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7
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Guo L, Yang J, Wang H, Yi Y. Multistage Self-Assembled Nanomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy. Molecules 2023; 28:7750. [PMID: 38067480 PMCID: PMC10707962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have brought innovations to cancer therapy. Nanoparticle-based anticancer drugs have achieved great success from bench to bedside. However, insufficient therapy efficacy due to various physiological barriers in the body remains a key challenge. To overcome these biological barriers and improve the therapeutic efficacy of cancers, multistage self-assembled nanomaterials with advantages of stimuli-responsiveness, programmable delivery, and immune modulations provide great opportunities. In this review, we describe the typical biological barriers for nanomedicines, discuss the recent achievements of multistage self-assembled nanomaterials for stimuli-responsive drug delivery, highlighting the programmable delivery nanomaterials, in situ transformable self-assembled nanomaterials, and immune-reprogramming nanomaterials. Ultimately, we perspective the future opportunities and challenges of multistage self-assembled nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, 391 Binshui Xidao, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; (L.G.); (J.Y.)
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China;
| | - Jinjun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, 391 Binshui Xidao, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China; (L.G.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China;
| | - Yu Yi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China;
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8
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Tiwari P, Yadav K, Shukla RP, Gautam S, Marwaha D, Sharma M, Mishra PR. Surface modification strategies in translocating nano-vesicles across different barriers and the role of bio-vesicles in improving anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 363:290-348. [PMID: 37714434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanovesicles and bio-vesicles (BVs) have emerged as promising tools to achieve targeted cancer therapy due to their ability to overcome many of the key challenges currently being faced with conventional chemotherapy. These challenges include the diverse and often complex pathophysiology involving the progression of cancer, as well as the various biological barriers that circumvent therapeutic molecules reaching their target site in optimum concentration. The scientific evidence suggests that surface-functionalized nanovesicles and BVs camouflaged nano-carriers (NCs) both can bypass the established biological barriers and facilitate fourth-generation targeting for the improved regimen of treatment. In this review, we intend to emphasize the role of surface-functionalized nanovesicles and BVs camouflaged NCs through various approaches that lead to an improved internalization to achieve improved and targeted oncotherapy. We have explored various strategies that have been employed to surface-functionalize and biologically modify these vesicles, including the use of biomolecule functionalized target ligands such as peptides, antibodies, and aptamers, as well as the targeting of specific receptors on cancer cells. Further, the utility of BVs, which are made from the membranes of cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), platelets (PLTs) as well as cancer cells also been investigated. Lastly, we have discussed the translational challenges and limitations that these NCs can encounter and still need to be overcome in order to fully realize the potential of nanovesicles and BVs for targeted cancer therapy. The fundamental challenges that currently prevent successful cancer therapy and the necessity of novel delivery systems are in the offing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Tiwari
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ravi Prakash Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Disha Marwaha
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
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9
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Wang Z, Liang X, Wang G, Wang X, Chen Y. Emerging Bioprinting for Wound Healing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2304738. [PMID: 37566537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting has attracted much attention due to its suitability for fabricating biomedical devices. In particular, bioprinting has become one of the growing centers in the field of wound healing, with various types of bioprinted devices being developed, including 3D scaffolds, microneedle patches, and flexible electronics. Bioprinted devices can be designed with specific biostructures and biofunctions that closely match the shape of wound sites and accelerate the regeneration of skin through various approaches. Herein, a comprehensive review of the bioprinting of smart wound dressings is presented, emphasizing the crucial effect of bioprinting in determining biostructures and biofunctions. The review begins with an overview of bioprinting techniques and bioprinted devices, followed with an in-depth discussion of polymer-based inks, modification strategies, additive ingredients, properties, and applications. The strategies for the modification of bioprinted devices are divided into seven categories, including chemical synthesis of novel inks, physical blending, coaxial bioprinting, multimaterial bioprinting, physical absorption, chemical immobilization, and hybridization with living cells, and examples are presented. Thereafter, the frontiers of bioprinting and wound healing, including 4D bioprinting, artificial intelligence-assisted bioprinting, and in situ bioprinting, are discussed from a perspective of interdisciplinary sciences. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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10
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Pan S, Guan J, Xianyu B, Tan Y, Li T, Xu H. A Nanotherapeutic Strategy to Reverse NK Cell Exhaustion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211370. [PMID: 36917826 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a specialized immune effector cell, natural killer (NK) cells play a very important role in immunotherapy, but tumor immunosuppression caused by abnormal expression of cancer cells seriously weakens its therapeutic effect and leads to exhaustion. Here, self-assembled selenium-containing nanoparticles (NPs) composed of cetuximab, C5SeSeC5, and inhibitor LY345899 are developed to reverse NK cell exhaustion. The obtained NPs can target epidermal growth factor receptor on the surface of cancer cells and locate it in mitochondria. The released LY345899 can inhibit the activity of methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 and produce excessive reactive oxygen species, leading to the formation of seleninic acid, further reducing the expression of human leukocyte antigen E , which is responsible for the NKG2A-related NK cell inhibition. As a result, the enhanced NK-cell-mediated immunotherapy in conjunction with the cetuximab-mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity effect can not only effectively inhibit the growth of xenograft tumors, but also significantly suppress the growth of untreated distant tumors via the abscopal effect. This work, the combination of seleninic acid, LY345899, and cetuximab, provides a new strategy for reversing NK cell exhaustion and has great potential for use in the treatment of metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuojiong Pan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Guan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Banruo Xianyu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yizheng Tan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Huaping Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Chen Z, Zhang Y, Feng K, Hu T, Huang B, Tang J, Ai J, Guo L, Hu W, Wang Z. Facile fabrication of quaternized chitosan-incorporated biomolecular patches for non-compressive haemostasis and wound healing. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
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12
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In situ antigen modification-based target-redirected universal chimeric antigen receptor T (TRUE CAR-T) cell therapy in solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:29. [PMID: 35303900 PMCID: PMC8932190 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, while the success has not yet been replicated in solid tumors. To some extent, the disappointing results can be attributed to the paucity and heterogeneity of target antigens in solid tumors since adequate antigens are the cornerstone for CAR-T cells to recognize and attack tumor cells. Methods We established a target-redirected universal CAR-T (TRUE CAR-T) cell therapeutic modality, in which exogenous antigens are loaded onto fusogenic nanoparticles to achieve in situ modification of cell membrane in solid tumors, providing targets for subsequent CAR-T cell therapy. The modification effect was evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopic imaging. The in vivo metabolism and biodistribution of fusogenic antigen loaded nanoparticles (F-AgNPs) was explored using near infrared living imaging. Then F-AgNPs mediated in situ antigen modification were cooperated with corresponding CAR-T cell therapy, and its antitumor efficacy was evaluated using immune function experiments and further investigated in different tumor models. Results Using F-AgNPs, exogenous antigens were selectively modified onto tumor cell membranes through membrane fusion, spread deeper into tumor tissues through intercellular lipid transfer, further activating corresponding CAR-T cells and mediating antitumor immune responses towards multiple types of tumor cells, despite of their inherent antigen profiles. The cooperative treatment of F-AgNPs and CAR-T cell therapy successfully suppressed tumor proliferation and prolonged survival in both subcutaneous and peritoneally disseminated tumor models. Conclusion The fusogenic nanoparticle-based in situ antigen modification overcome the limitation of target antigens paucity and heterogeneity in solid tumors, improving the efficacy and broadening the applications of CAR-T cells, thus establishing a novel TRUE CAR-T cell therapeutic modality with universal application and translational potential in immunotherapies for solid tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13045-022-01246-y.
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13
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Ma Z, Foda MF, Zhao Y, Han H. Multifunctional Nanosystems with Enhanced Cellular Uptake for Tumor Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101703. [PMID: 34626528 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rapid development of nanotechnology provides promising strategies in biomedicine, especially in tumor therapy. In particular, the cellular uptake of nanosystems is not only a basic premise to realize various biomedical applications, but also a fatal factor for determining the final therapeutic effect. Thus, a systematic and comprehensive summary is necessary to overview the recent research progress on the improvement of nanosystem cellular uptake for cancer treatment. According to the process of nanosystems entering the body, they can be classified into three categories. The first segment is to enhance the accumulation and permeation of nanosystems to tumor cells through extracellular microenvironment stimulation. The second segment is to improve cellular internalization from extracellular to intracellular via active targeting. The third segment is to enhance the intracellular retention of therapeutics by subcellular localization. The major factors in the delivery can be utilized to develop multifunctional nanosystems for strengthening the tumor therapy. Ultimately, the key challenges and prospective in the emerging research frontier are thoroughly outlined. This review is expected to provide inspiring ideas, promising strategies and potential pathways for developing advanced anticancer nanosystems in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Mohamed F. Foda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Agriculture Benha University Moshtohor Toukh 13736 Egypt
| | - Yanli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Heyou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
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14
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Peng S, Xiao F, Chen M, Gao H. Tumor-Microenvironment-Responsive Nanomedicine for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103836. [PMID: 34796689 PMCID: PMC8728817 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed great progress in cancer immunotherapy, which has profoundly revolutionized oncology, whereas low patient response rates and potential immune-related adverse events remain major clinical challenges. With the advantages of controlled delivery and modular flexibility, cancer nanomedicine has offered opportunities to strengthen antitumor immune responses and to sensitize tumor to immunotherapy. Furthermore, tumor-microenvironment (TME)-responsive nanomedicine has been demonstrated to achieve specific and localized amplification of the immune response in tumor tissue in a safe and effective manner, increasing patient response rates to immunotherapy and reducing the immune-related side effects simultaneously. Here, the recent progress of TME-responsive nanomedicine for cancer immunotherapy is summarized, which responds to the signals in the TME, such as weak acidity, reductive environment, high-level reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, overexpressed enzymes, and high-level adenosine triphosphate. Moreover, the potential to combine nanomedicine-based therapy and immunotherapeutic strategies to overcome each step of the cancer-immunity cycle and to enhance antitumor effects is discussed. Finally, existing challenges and further perspectives in this rising field with the hope for improved development of clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Peng
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000China
| | - Fengfeng Xiao
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau999078China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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15
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Xu J, Wan K, Wang H, Shi X, Wang J, Zhong Y, Gao C, Zhang Y, Nie G. Polyethylenimine-Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) 2 Nanoparticles Show an Innate Targeting Ability to the Submandibular Salivary Gland via the Muscarinic 3 Receptor. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1938-1948. [PMID: 34841064 PMCID: PMC8614106 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively explored for biomedical applications, especially as framework materials for the construction of functional nanostructures. However, less attention has been paid to the inherent biological activities of those polymers. In this work, one of the commonly used polymers in gene and protein delivery, polyethylenimine-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)2 (PEI-PLGA), was discovered by accident to be able to mediate the nanoparticles to target the submandibular salivary glands of mice after intravenous injection. PEI-PLGA nanoparticles with an unmodified PEI surface selectively accumulated in submandibular salivary glands with ex vivo and in vitro study, suggesting that a ligand-receptor interaction between PEI and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype 3 (M3 receptor) contributed to this affinity. Docking computation for the molecular binding mode between PEI segments and M3 receptor indicated the way they interacted was similar to that of the FDA-approved specific M3 receptor antagonist, tiotropium. The key amino acids mediated this specific interaction between PEI-PLGA nanoparticles and M3 receptor were identified via a simulated alanine mutation study. This work demonstrates the unique characteristic of PEI-PLGA nanoparticles, which may be useful for the development of muscarinic receptor targeted nanomedicines and should be taken into consideration when PEI-based nanoparticles are applied in gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Xu
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwei Wan
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao Gao
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National
Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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16
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Liang JL, Luo GF, Chen WH, Zhang XZ. Recent Advances in Engineered Materials for Immunotherapy-Involved Combination Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007630. [PMID: 34050564 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy that can activate immunity or enhance the immunogenicity of tumors has emerged as one of the most effective methods for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, single-mode immunotherapy is still confronted with several critical challenges, such as the low immune response, the low tumor infiltration, and the complex immunosuppression tumor microenvironment. Recently, the combination of immunotherapy with other therapeutic modalities has emerged as a powerful strategy to augment the therapeutic outcome in fighting against cancer. In this review, recent research advances of the combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy, phototherapy, radiotherapy, sonodynamic therapy, metabolic therapy, and microwave thermotherapy are summarized. Critical challenges and future research direction of immunotherapy-based cancer therapeutic strategy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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17
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Lee D, Huntoon K, Wang Y, Jiang W, Kim BYS. Harnessing Innate Immunity Using Biomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007576. [PMID: 34050699 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized the field of immuno-oncology and established the foundation for developing various new therapies that can surpass conventional cancer treatments. Most recent immunotherapeutic strategies have focused on adaptive immune responses by targeting T cell-activating pathways, genetic engineering of T cells with chimeric antigen receptors, or bispecific antibodies. Despite the unprecedented clinical success, these T cell-based treatments have only benefited a small proportion of patients. Thus, the need for the next generation of cancer immunotherapy is driven by identifying novel therapeutic molecules or new immunoengineered cells. To maximize the therapeutic potency via innate immunogenicity, the convergence of innate immunity-based therapy and biomaterials is required to yield an efficient index in clinical trials. This review highlights how biomaterials can efficiently reprogram and recruit innate immune cells in tumors and ultimately initiate activation of T cell immunity against advanced cancers. Moreover, the design and specific biomaterials that improve innate immune cells' targeting ability to selectively activate immunogenicity with minimal adverse effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- DaeYong Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kristin Huntoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Betty Y S Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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18
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Gong Y, Klein Wolterink RGJ, Wang J, Bos GMJ, Germeraad WTV. Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cell design and engineering for cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:73. [PMID: 33933160 PMCID: PMC8088725 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their efficient recognition and lysis of malignant cells, natural killer (NK) cells are considered as specialized immune cells that can be genetically modified to obtain capable effector cells for adoptive cellular treatment of cancer patients. However, biological and technical hurdles related to gene delivery into NK cells have dramatically restrained progress. Recent technological advancements, including improved cell expansion techniques, chimeric antigen receptors (CAR), CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and enhanced viral transduction and electroporation, have endowed comprehensive generation and characterization of genetically modified NK cells. These promising developments assist scientists and physicians to design better applications of NK cells in clinical therapy. Notably, redirecting NK cells using CARs holds important promise for cancer immunotherapy. Various preclinical and a limited number of clinical studies using CAR-NK cells show promising results: efficient elimination of target cells without side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity which are seen in CAR-T therapies. In this review, we focus on the details of CAR-NK technology, including the design of efficient and safe CAR constructs and associated NK cell engineering techniques: the vehicles to deliver the CAR-containing transgene, detection methods for CARs, as well as NK cell sources and NK cell expansion. We summarize the current CAR-NK cell literature and include valuable lessons learned from the CAR-T cell field. This review also provides an outlook on how these approaches may transform current clinical products and protocols for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel G J Klein Wolterink
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Gerard M J Bos
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CiMaas BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred T V Germeraad
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,CiMaas BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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19
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Li C, Zhang Y, Qi Y, Liu M, Li B, Zhang M, Feng J, Zhang X. Bacterium‐Inspired Nanoagents Armed with On‐Switch of Immune Recruitment and Immune Activation. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chu‐Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Dan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Miao‐Deng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Ming‐Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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20
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Li Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. Intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators for cancer immunotherapy. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3130-3145. [PMID: 34164080 PMCID: PMC8179382 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a revolutionary treatment method in oncology, which uses a human's own immune system against cancer. Many immunomodulators that trigger an immune response have been developed and applied in cancer immunotherapy. However, there is the risk of causing an excessive immune response upon directly injecting common immunomodulators into the human body to trigger an immune response. Therefore, the development of intelligent stimuli-responsive immunomodulators to elicit controlled immune responses in cancer immunotherapy is of great significance. Nanotechnology offers the possibility of designing smart nanomedicine to amplify the antitumor response in a safe and effective manner. Progress relating to intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators for cancer immunotherapy is highlighted as a new creative direction in the field. Considering the clinical demand for cancer immunotherapy, we put forward some suggestions for constructing new intelligent stimuli-responsive nano immunomodulators, which will advance the development of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
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21
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Gao X, Ding J, Long Q, Zhan C. Virus-mimetic systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1692. [PMID: 33354937 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Over past decades, various strategies have been developed to enhance the delivery efficiency of therapeutics and imaging agents to tumor tissues. However, the therapeutic outcome of tumors to date have not been significantly improved, which can be partly attributed to the weak targeting ability, fast elimination, and low stability of conventional delivery systems. Viruses are the most efficient agents for gene transfer, serving as a valuable source of inspiration for designing nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Based on the properties of viruses, including well-defined geometry, precise composition, easy modification, stable construction, and specific infection, researchers attempt to design biocompatible delivery vectors by mimicking virus assembly and using the vector system to selectively concentrate drugs or imaging probes in tumors with mitigated toxicity and improved efficacy. In this review, we introduce common viruses features and provide an overview of various virus-mimetic strategies for cancer therapy and diagnosis. The challenges faced by virus-mimetic systems are also discussed. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihui Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education and PLA, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Long
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Yang B, Gao J, Pei Q, Xu H, Yu H. Engineering Prodrug Nanomedicine for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002365. [PMID: 33304763 PMCID: PMC7709995 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shifted the clinical paradigm of cancer management. However, despite promising initial progress, immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer still suffer from relatively low response rates and the possibility of severe side effects, likely due to the low inherent immunogenicity of tumor cells, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and significant inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. Recently, nanoformulations of prodrugs have been explored as a means to enhance cancer immunotherapy by simultaneously eliciting antitumor immune responses and reversing local immunosuppression. Prodrug nanomedicines, which integrate engineering advances in chemistry, oncoimmunology, and material science, are rationally designed through chemically modifying small molecule drugs, peptides, or antibodies to yield increased bioavailability and spatiotemporal control of drug release and activation at the target sites. Such strategies can help reduce adverse effects and enable codelivery of multiple immune modulators to yield synergistic cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, recent advances and translational challenges facing prodrug nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are overviewed. Last, key considerations are outlined for future efforts to advance prodrug nanomedicines aimed to improve antitumor immune responses and combat immune tolerogenic microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
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23
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Ma X, Xing R, Yuan C, Ogino K, Yan X. Tumor therapy based on self‐assembling peptides nanotechnology. VIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Process Engineering Beijing P. R. China
- Graduate School of Bio‐Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - Ruirui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Process Engineering Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chengqian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Process Engineering Beijing P. R. China
| | - Kenji Ogino
- Graduate School of Bio‐Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Process Engineering Beijing P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
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Wang W, Tang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Liang Z, Zeng X. Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine: The Bridge for Targeting Drug Delivery System and Synergistic Cancer Treatment. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000222. [PMID: 32761887 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA), a mussel-inspired molecule, has been recognized as attractive in cancer therapy due to a number of inherent advantages, such as good biocompatibility, outstanding drug-loading capacity, degradability, superior photothermal conversion efficiency, and low tissue toxicity. Furthermore, due to its strong adhesive property, PDA is able to functionalize various nanomaterials, facilitating the construction of a PDA-based multifunctional platform for targeted or synergistic therapy. Herein, recent PDA research, including targeted drug delivery, single-mode therapy, and diverse synergistic therapies against cancer, are summarized and discussed. For synergistic therapy, advanced developments are highlighted, such as photothermal/radiotherapy, chemo-/photothermal/gene therapy, photothermal/immune therapy, and photothermal/photodynamic/immune therapy. Finally, the challenges and promise of PDA for biomedical applications in the future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qiuxu Wang
- Stomatology Department of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Zhigang Liang
- Stomatology Department of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Xiaowei Zeng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
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25
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Qi FL, Wang MF, Li BZ, Lu ZF, Nie GJ, Li SP. Reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by nanoparticle-based activation of immune-associated cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:895-901. [PMID: 32467568 PMCID: PMC7470798 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy that activates the host immune system to reverse immunosuppression has emerged as a new generation of cancer treatment in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. Although immunotherapy has shown significant achievements in the treatment of various cancers, it faces challenges that limit its further evolution such as poor permeation and modest responsiveness. The development of nanoparticle drug delivery system has provided an opportunity to overcome these drawbacks and to achieve optimized immunotherapy. Based on the research of our group, we here introduce the new strategies being employed using nanoscale intelligent drug delivery systems to enhance the effects of cancer immunotherapy. We also provide a perspective on the further possible application of nanoparticles in more effective antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Long Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mei-Fang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bo-Zhao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ze-Fang Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang-Jun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Su-Ping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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26
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Xie A, Hanif S, Ouyang J, Tang Z, Kong N, Kim NY, Qi B, Patel D, Shi B, Tao W. Stimuli-responsive prodrug-based cancer nanomedicine. EBioMedicine 2020; 56:102821. [PMID: 32505922 PMCID: PMC7280365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology results in the emergence of nanomedicines, but the effective delivery of drugs to tumor sites remains a great challenge. Prodrug-based cancer nanomedicines thus emerged due to their unique advantages, including high drug load efficiency, reduced side effects, efficient targeting, and real-time controllability. A distinctive characteristic of prodrug-based nanomedicines is that they need to be activated by a stimulus or multi-stimulus to produce an anti-tumor effect. A better understanding of various responsive approaches could allow researchers to perceive the mechanism of prodrug-based nanomedicines effectively and further optimize their design strategy. In this review, we highlight the stimuli-responsive pathway of prodrug-based nanomedicines and their anticancer applications. Furthermore, various types of prodrug-based nanomedicines, recent progress and prospects of stimuli-responsive prodrug-based nanomedicines and patient data in the clinical application are also summarized. Additionally, the current development and future challenges of prodrug-based nanomedicines are discussed. We expect that this review will be valuable for readers to gain a deeper understanding of the structure and development of prodrug-based cancer nanomedicines to design rational and effective drugs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Xie
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Singapore American School, Singapore, 738547
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- Henan-Macquarie Uni Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jiang Ouyang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Na Yoon Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Baowen Qi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dylan Patel
- Jericho High School, New York, NY 11753, USA
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Henan-Macquarie Uni Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Huang Z, Song W, Chen X. Supramolecular Self-Assembled Nanostructures for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Chem 2020; 8:380. [PMID: 32528926 PMCID: PMC7262496 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional materials and nanostructures have been widely used for enhancing the therapeutic potency and safety of current cancer immunotherapy. While profound nanostructures have been developed to participate in the development of cancer immunotherapy, the construction of intricate nanostructures with easy fabrication and functionalization properties to satisfy the diversified requirements in cancer immunotherapy are highly required. Hierarchical self-assembly using supramolecular interactions to manufacture organized architectures at multiple length scales represents an interesting and promising avenue for sophisticated nanostructure construction. In this mini-review, we will outline the recent progress made in the development of supramolecular self-assembled nanostructures for cancer immunotherapy, with special focus on the supramolecular interactions including supramolecular peptide assembly, supramolecular DNA assembly, lipid hydrophobic assembly, host-guest assembly, and biomolecular recognition assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, China
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Hou L, Tian C, Yan Y, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zhang Z. Manganese-Based Nanoactivator Optimizes Cancer Immunotherapy via Enhancing Innate Immunity. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3927-3940. [PMID: 32298077 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) are essential components of the innate immune sensors to cytosolic DNA and elicit type I interferon (IFN). Recent studies have revealed that manganese (Mn) can enhance cGAS and STING activation to viral infection. However, the role of Mn in antitumor immunity has not been explored. Here, we designed a nanoactivator, which can induce the presence of DNA in cytoplasm and simultaneously elevate Mn2+ accumulation within tumor cells. In detail, amorphous porous manganese phosphate (APMP) NPs that are highly responsive to tumor microenvironment were employed to construct doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded and phospholipid (PL)-coated hybrid nanoparticles (PL/APMP-DOX NPs). PL/APMP-DOX NPs were stably maintained during systemic circulation, but triggered to release DOX for inducing DNA damage and Mn2+ to augment cGAS/STING activity. We found that PL/APMP-DOX NPs with superior tumor-targeting capacity boosted dendritic cell maturation and increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration as well as natural killer cell recruitment into the tumor site. Furthermore, the NPs increased production of type I IFN and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (for example, TNF-α and IL-6). Consequently, PL/APMP-DOX NPs exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy and prolonged the lifespan of the tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, we developed a PL-decorated Mn-based hybrid nanoactivator to intensify immune activation and that might provide therapeutic potential for caner immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, and Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chunyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Modern Analysis and Computer Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingshan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Modern Analysis and Computer Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lewen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, and Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Ben-Shmuel A, Biber G, Barda-Saad M. Unleashing Natural Killer Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment-The Next Generation of Immunotherapy? Front Immunol 2020; 11:275. [PMID: 32153582 PMCID: PMC7046808 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapy for cancer treatment bears considerable clinical promise. Nevertheless, many patients remain unresponsive, acquire resistance, or suffer dose-limiting toxicities. Immune-editing of tumors assists their escape from the immune system, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) induces immune suppression through multiple mechanisms. Immunotherapy aims to bolster the activity of immune cells against cancer by targeting these suppressive immunomodulatory processes. Natural Killer (NK) cells are a heterogeneous subset of immune cells, which express a diverse array of activating and inhibitory germline-encoded receptors, and are thus capable of directly targeting and killing cancer cells without the need for MHC specificity. Furthermore, they play a critical role in triggering the adaptive immune response. Enhancing the function of NK cells in the context of cancer is therefore a promising avenue for immunotherapy. Different NK-based therapies have been evaluated in clinical trials, and some have demonstrated clinical benefits, especially in the context of hematological malignancies. Solid tumors remain much more difficult to treat, and the time point and means of intervention of current NK-based treatments still require optimization to achieve long term effects. Here, we review recently described mechanisms of cancer evasion from NK cell immune surveillance, and the therapeutic approaches that aim to potentiate NK function. Specific focus is placed on the use of specialized monoclonal antibodies against moieties on the cancer cell, or on both the tumor and the NK cell. In addition, we highlight newly identified mechanisms that inhibit NK cell activity in the TME, and describe how biochemical modifications of the TME can synergize with current treatments and increase susceptibility to NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Ben-Shmuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Guy Biber
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Mira Barda-Saad
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Zhang P, Zhai Y, Cai Y, Zhao Y, Li Y. Nanomedicine-Based Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Cancer Metastasis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904156. [PMID: 31566275 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-associated death, with poor prognosis even after extensive treatment. The dormancy of metastatic cancer cells during dissemination or after colony formation is one major reason for treatment failure, as most drugs target cells of active proliferation. Immunotherapy has shown great potential in cancer therapy because the activity of effector cells is less affected by the metabolic status of cancer cells. In addition, metastatic cells out of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) are more susceptible to immune clearance, although these cells can achieve immune surveillance evasion via strategies such as platelet and macrophage recruitment. Since nanomaterials themselves or their carried drugs have the capability to modulate the immune system, a great amount of focus has been placed on nanomedicine strategies that leverage immune cells participating the metastatic cascade. These nanomedicines successfully inhibit the tumor metastasis and prolong the survival of model animals. Immune cells that are involved in the metastasis cascade are first summarized and then recent and inspiring strategies and nanomaterials in this growing field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Zhao H, Zhao B, Wu L, Xiao H, Ding K, Zheng C, Song Q, Sun L, Wang L, Zhang Z. Amplified Cancer Immunotherapy of a Surface-Engineered Antigenic Microparticle Vaccine by Synergistically Modulating Tumor Microenvironment. ACS NANO 2019; 13:12553-12566. [PMID: 31689085 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient cancer vaccines not only require the co-delivery of potent antigens and highly immunostimulatory adjuvants to initiate robust tumor-specific host immune response but also solve the spatiotemporal consistency of host immunity and tumor microenvironment (TME) immunomodulation. Here, we designed a biomaterials-based strategy for converting tumor-derived antigenic microparticles (T-MPs) into a cancer vaccine to meet this conundrum and demonstrated its therapeutic potential in multiple murine tumor models. The internal cavity of T-MPs was employed to store nano-Fe3O4 (Fe3O4/T-MPs), and then dense adjuvant CpG-loaded liposome arrays (CpG/Lipo) were tethered on the surface of Fe3O4/T-MP through mild surface engineering to get a vaccine (Fe3O4/T-MPs-CpG/Lipo), demonstrating that co-delivery of Fe3O4/T-MPs and CpG/Lipo to antigen presenting cells (APCs) could elicit strong tumor antigen-specific host immune response. Meanwhile, vaccines distributed in the TME could reverse infiltrated tumor-associated macrophages into a tumor-suppressive M1 phenotype by nano-Fe3O4, amazingly induce abundant infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and transform a "cold" tumor into a "hot" tumor. Furthermore, amplified antitumor immunity was realized by the combination of an Fe3O4/T-MPs-CpG/Lipo vaccine and immune checkpoint PD-L1 blockade, specifically inhibiting ∼83% of the progression of B16F10-bearing mice and extending the median survival time to 3 months. Overall, this study synergistically modulates the tumor immunosuppressive network and host antitumor immunity in a spatiotemporal manner, which suggests a general cell-engineering strategy tailored to a personalized vaccine from autologous cancer cell materials of each individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cuixia Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan Province , People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan Province , People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan Province , People's Republic of China
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Zhang D, Zheng Y, Lin Z, Lan S, Zhang X, Zheng A, Li J, Liu G, Yang H, Liu X, Liu J. Artificial Engineered Natural Killer Cells Combined with Antiheat Endurance as a Powerful Strategy for Enhancing Photothermal-Immunotherapy Efficiency of Solid Tumors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902636. [PMID: 31468667 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although photothermal therapy (PTT) is preclinically applied in solid tumor treatment, incomplete tumor removal of PTT and heat endurance of tumor cells induces significant tumor relapse after treatment, therefore lowering the therapeutic efficiency of PTT. Herein, a programmable therapeutic strategy that integrates photothermal therapeutic agents (PTAs), DNAzymes, and artificial engineered natural killer (A-NK) cells for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is designed. The novel PTAs, termed as Mn-CONASHs, with 2D structure are synthesized by the coordination of tetrahydroxyanthraquinone and Mn2+ ions. By further adsorbing polyetherimide/DNAzymes on the surface, the DNAzymes@Mn-CONASHs exhibit excellent light-to-heat conversion ability, tumor microenvironment enhanced T1 -MRI guiding ability, and antiheat endurance ability. Furthermore, the artificial engineered NK cells with HCC specific targeting TLS11a-aptamer decoration are constructed for specifically eliminating any possible residual tumor cells after PTT, to systematically enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PTT and avoid tumor relapse. Taken together, the potential of A-NK cells combined with antiheat endurance as a powerful strategy for immuno-enhancing photothermal therapy efficiency of solid tumors is highlighted, and the current strategy might provide promising prospects for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- The Key Lab of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of the MOE, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Youshi Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
| | - Ziguo Lin
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
| | - Shanyou Lan
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Aixian Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Juan Li
- The Key Lab of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of the MOE, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- The Key Lab of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of the MOE, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, P. R. China
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Zou MZ, Liu WL, Gao F, Bai XF, Chen HS, Zeng X, Zhang XZ. Artificial Natural Killer Cells for Specific Tumor Inhibition and Renegade Macrophage Re-Education. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904495. [PMID: 31497903 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells can not only recognize and eliminate abnormal cells but also recruit and re-educate immune cells to protect the host. However, the functions of NK cells are often limited in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, artificial NK cells (designated as aNK) with minor limitations of TME for specific tumor killing and renegade macrophage re-education are created. The red blood cell membrane (RBCM) cloaks perfluorohexane (PFC) and glucose oxidase (GOX) to construct the aNK. The aNK can directly kill tumor cells by exhausting glucose and generating hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). The generated H2 O2 is also similar to cytokines and chemokines for recruiting immune cells and re-educating survived macrophages to attack tumor cells. In addition, the oxygen-carried PFC can strengthen the catalytic reaction of GOX and normalize the hypoxic TME. In vitro and in vivo experiments display that aNK with slight TME limitations exhibit efficient tumor inhibition and immune activation. The aNK will provide a new sight to treat tumor as the supplement of aggressive NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Zhen Zou
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Fan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Feng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Han-Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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State of the Art of Natural Killer Cell Imaging: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070967. [PMID: 31324064 PMCID: PMC6678345 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell therapy is a promising alternative to conventional T cell-based treatments, although there is a lack of diagnostic tools to predict and evaluate therapeutic outcomes. Molecular imaging can offer several approaches to non-invasively address this issue. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature to evaluate the state of the art of NK cell imaging and its translational potential. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for published articles on the imaging of NK cells in humans and preclinical models. Study quality was evaluated following Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) criteria. We pooled studies as follows: Optical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear medicine imaging with a total of 21 studies (n = 5, n = 8 and n = 8, respectively). Considering the limitation of comparing different imaging modalities, it appears that optical imaging (OI) of NK cells is very useful in a preclinical setting, but has the least translational potential. MRI provides high quality images without ionizing radiations with lower sensitivity. Nuclear medicine is the only imaging technique that has been applied in humans (four papers), but results were not outstanding due to a limited number of enrolled patients. At present, no technique emerged as superior over the others and more standardization is required in conducting human and animal studies.
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