1
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Peng X, Zou P, Zeng J, Wu X, Xie D, Fu Y, Yang D, Ma D, Tang BZ, Zhao Z. Purely Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Molecule for High-Performance Non-Doped Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405418. [PMID: 38686901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Purely organic molecules with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are potential luminescent materials with high exciton utilization for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but those exhibiting superb electroluminescence (EL) performances are rarely explored, mainly due to their long phosphorescence lifetimes. Herein, a robust purely organic RTP molecule, 3,6-bis(5-phenylindolo[3,2-a]carbazol-12(5H)-yl)-xanthen-9-one (3,2-PIC-XT), is developed. The neat film of 3,2-PIC-XT shows strong green RTP with a very short lifetime (2.9 μs) and a high photoluminescence quantum yield (72 %), and behaviors balanced bipolar charge transport. The RTP nature of 3,2-PIC-XT is validated by steady-state and transient absorption and emission spectroscopies, and the working mechanism is deciphered by theoretical simulation. Non-doped multilayer OLEDs using thin neat films of 3,2-PIC-XT furnish an outstanding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.91 % with an extremely low roll-off (1.6 %) at 1000 cd m-2. High-performance non-doped top-emitting and tandem OLEDs are also achieved, providing remarkable EQEs of 24.53 % and 42.50 %, respectively. Delightfully, non-doped simplified OLEDs employing thick neat films of 3,2-PIC-XT are also realized, furnishing an excellent EQE of 17.79 % and greatly enhanced operational lifetime. The temperature-dependent and transient EL spectroscopies demonstrate the electrophosphorescence attribute of 3,2-PIC-XT. These non-doped OLEDs are the best devices based on purely organic RTP materials reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoluo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Peng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiajie Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dongge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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2
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Zhang Z, Wang Q, Zhang X, Mei J, Tian H. Multimode Stimuli-Responsive Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Achieved by Doping Butterfly-like Fluorogens into Crystalline Small-Molecular Hosts. JACS AU 2024; 4:1954-1965. [PMID: 38818060 PMCID: PMC11134381 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Materials with stimuli-responsive purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) exempt from exquisite molecular design and complex preparation are highly desirable but still relatively rare. Moreover, most of them work in a single switching mode. Herein, we employ a versatile host-guest-doped strategy to facilely construct efficient RTP systems with multimode stimuli-responsiveness without ingenious molecular design. By conveniently doping butterfly-like guests, namely, N,N'-diphenyl-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazines (DPACs), featured with vibration-induced emission into the small-molecular hosts via various methods, RTP systems with finely tunable photophysical properties are readily obtained. Through systematic mechanistic studies and with the aid of a series of control experiments, we unveil the critical role of the host crystallinity in achieving efficient RTP. By virtue of the inherent environmental sensitivity of both RTP and fluorescence of the DPACs, our systems exhibit multiple-stimuli-responsiveness with the luminescence not only switching between the fluorescence and phosphorescence but also continuously changing in the fluorescence color. Advanced dynamic anticounterfeiting and multilevel information encryption is thereby realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials,
Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science
Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Joint International
Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,
Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials,
Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science
Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Joint International
Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,
Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials,
Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science
Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Joint International
Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,
Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ju Mei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials,
Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science
Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Joint International
Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,
Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials,
Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science
Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Joint International
Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,
Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Wu M, Tan Z, Zhao J, Zhang H, Xu Y, Long T, Zhao S, Cheng X, Zhou C. Tetraphenylethene-modified polysiloxanes: Synthesis, AIE properties and multi-stimuli responsive fluorescence. Talanta 2024; 272:125767. [PMID: 38428128 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, polysiloxane-based aggregation-induced emission (AIE) polymers and rubbers were prepared which display interesting multi-stimuli responsive fluorescence. TPE-modified polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS-TPE) as polysiloxane-based AIE polymers were synthesized through Heck reaction of bromo-substituted tetraphenylethene (TPE-Br) and vinyl polysiloxanes. As expected, TPE moiety endows the modified polysiloxane with typical AIE behavior. However, limited by the long polymer chains, the aggregation process of PDMS-TPE shows obvious differences compared with the small molecule TPE-Br. The fluorescence of PDMS-TPE in THF/H2O starts to increase when the H2O fraction (fw) is 70% while TPE-Br is nearly non-luminous until the fw is up to 99%. The fluorescence intensity ratio (I/I0) of PDMS-TPE in the aggregated state and dispersed state is over 1300, greater than that of TPE-Br (I/I0 = 380). More importantly, the exceptional thermal motion of Si-O-Si chains and AIE characteristic of TPE moiety work together, enabling PDMS-TPE to show specific temperature-dependent fluorescence with a wider response range of room temperature to 190°C, which is distinguished from TPE-Br. And such fluorescence responsiveness possess good fatigue-resistance. Furthermore, fluorescent silicone rubbers, r-PDMS-TPE were prepared by using PDMS-TPE as additive of the base gum. They display interesting solvent-controllable fluorescence and higher tensile strength (4.42 MPa) than the control sample without TPE component (1.96 MPa). Notably, a unique stretching-enhanced emission (SEE) phenomenon is observed from these TPE-modified silicone rubbers. When being stretched, the rubbers' fluorescent emission intensity could increase by 143%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Wu
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Zeqing Tan
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Yushu Xu
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Teng Long
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Shigui Zhao
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China; Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China; Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Chuanjian Zhou
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China; Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250061, China.
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4
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Liu Z, Song Z, Sun X. All-Atom Photoinduced Charge Transfer Dynamics in Condensed Phase via Multistate Nonlinear-Response Instantaneous Marcus Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:3993-4006. [PMID: 38657208 PMCID: PMC11099976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced charge transfer (CT) in the condensed phase is an essential component in solar energy conversion, but it is challenging to simulate such a process on the all-atom level. The traditional Marcus theory has been utilized for obtaining CT rate constants between pairs of electronic states but cannot account for the nonequilibrium effects due to the initial nuclear preparation. The recently proposed instantaneous Marcus theory (IMT) and its nonlinear-response formulation allow for incorporating the nonequilibrium nuclear relaxation to electronic transition between two states after the photoexcitation from the equilibrium ground state and provide the time-dependent rate coefficient. In this work, we extend the nonlinear-response IMT method for treating photoinduced CT among general multiple electronic states and demonstrate it in the organic photovoltaic carotenoid-porphyrin-fullerene triad dissolved in explicit tetrahydrofuran solvent. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations were employed to obtain the time correlation functions of energy gaps, which were used to generate the IMT-required time-dependent averages and variances of the relevant energy gaps. Our calculations show that the multistate IMT could capture the significant nonequilibrium effects due to the initial nuclear state preparation, and this is corroborated by the substantial differences between the population dynamics predicted by the multistate IMT and the Marcus theory, where the Marcus theory underestimates the population transfer. The population dynamics by multistate IMT is also shown to have a better agreement with the all-atom nonadiabatic mapping dynamics than the Marcus theory does. Because the multistate nonlinear-response IMT is straightforward and cost-effective in implementation and accounts for the nonequilibrium nuclear effects, we believe this method offers a practical strategy for studying charge transfer dynamics in complex condensed-phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengkui Liu
- Division
of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200124, China
- NYU-ECNU
Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Zailing Song
- Division
of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200124, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Division
of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200124, China
- NYU-ECNU
Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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5
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Liu Z, Sun X. Instantaneous Marcus theory for photoinduced charge transfer dynamics in multistate harmonic model systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:315201. [PMID: 38657642 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad42f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Modeling the dynamics of photoinduced charge transfer (CT) in condensed phases presents challenges due to complicated many-body interactions and the quantum nature of electronic transitions. While traditional Marcus theory is a robust method for calculating CT rate constants between electronic states, it cannot account for the nonequilibrium effects arising from the initial nuclear state preparation. In this study, we employ the instantaneous Marcus theory (IMT) to simulate photoinduced CT dynamics. IMT incorporates nonequilibrium structural relaxation following a vertical photoexcitation from the equilibrated ground state, yielding a time-dependent rate coefficient. The multistate harmonic (MSH) model Hamiltonian characterizes an organic photovoltaic carotenoid-porphyrin-fullerene triad dissolved in explicit tetrahydrofuran solvent, constructed by mapping all-atom inputs from molecular dynamics simulations. Our calculations reveal that the electronic population dynamics of the MSH models obtained with IMT agree with the more accurate quantum-mechanical nonequilibrium Fermi's golden rule. This alignment suggests that IMT provides a practical approach to understanding nonadiabatic CT dynamics in condensed-phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengkui Liu
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200124, People's Republic of China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States of America
| | - Xiang Sun
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200124, People's Republic of China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States of America
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6
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Chu B, Liu X, Li X, Zhang Z, Sun JZ, Yang Q, Liu B, Zhang H, Zhang C, Zhang XH. Phosphine-Capped Effects Enable Full-Color Clusteroluminescence in Nonconjugated Polyesters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10889-10898. [PMID: 38584517 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Full-color luminophores have advanced applications in materials and engineering, but constructing color-tunable clusteroluminescence (CL) from nonconjugated polymers based on through-space interactions remains a huge challenge. Herein, we develop phosphine-capped nonconjugated polyesters exhibiting blue-to-red CL (400-700 nm) based on phosphine-initiated copolymerization of epoxides and cyclic anhydrides, especially P1-0.5TPP, which exhibits red CL (610 nm) with a high quantum yield of 32%. Experiments and theoretical calculations disclose that the phosphine-capped effect in polyesters brings about conformational changes and induces phosphine-ester clusters by through-space (n,π*) interactions. Moreover, CL colors and efficiencies can be easily tailored by types of phosphines, compositions and structures of polyesters, and concentration. Significantly, the role of polymer motions (group, segmental, and chain motions) on CL originating from microregions inside polyesters is revealed. Further, phosphine-capped nonconjugated polyesters are demonstrated to be nonconjugated dyes and fluorescent fibers and are also used for multicolor light-emitting diodes including white light. This work not only provides an engineering strategy based on the end-group effect to prepare full-color clusteroluminogens but also broadens the prospects for material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ziteng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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7
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Gong H, Song Y, He J, Wang P, Xiang Y, Li S, Yao J, Liao B, Liao Q, Fu H. Switching from Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Single Crystals for Low-Threshold Laser to Room-temperature Phosphorescence in Amorphous-Film for Highly Efficient OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400089. [PMID: 38270907 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic phosphorescent complexes containing Ir or Pt are work horse in organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, which can harvest both singlet and triplet excitons in electroluminescence (EL) owing to strong heavy-atom effect. Recently, organic room-temperature phosphorescence (ORTP) have achieved high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in rigid crystalline state, which, however, is unsuitable for OLED fabrication, therefore leading to an EL efficiency far low behind those of metal-organic phosphorescent complexes. Here, we reported a luminescence mechanism switch from thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in single crystal microwires to ORTP in amorphous thin-films, based on a tert-butylcarbazole difluoroboron β-diketonate derivative of DtCzBF2. Tightly packed and well-faceted single-crystal microwires exhibit aggregation induced emission (AIE), enabling TADF microlasers at 473 nm with an optical gain coefficient as high as 852 cm-1 . In contrast, loosely packed dimers of DtCzBF2 formed in guest-host amorphous thin-films decrease the oscillator strength of fluorescence transition but stabilize triplets for ORTP with a PLQY up to 61 %, leading to solution-processed OLEDs with EQE approaching 20 %. This study opens possibilities of low-cost ORTP emitters for high performance OLEDs and future low-threshold electrically injected organic semiconductor lasers (OSLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yixing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jingping He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuhao Xiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P. R. China
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8
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Cui J, Ali SH, Shen Z, Xu W, Liu J, Li P, Li Y, Chen L, Wang B. ε-Polylysine organic ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescent materials based on phosphorescent molecule doping. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4171-4178. [PMID: 38487222 PMCID: PMC10935660 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Achieving long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence from pure organic amorphous polymers is attractive, and afterglow materials with colour-tunable and multiple-stimuli-responsive afterglow are particularly important, but only few materials with these characteristics have been reported so far. Herein, a facile and general method is reported to construct a series of ε-polylysine (ε-PL)-based afterglow materials with tunable colour (from blue to red) and long life. By doping guest molecules into ε-PL to obtain composite materials, the polymer matrix provides a rigid environment for luminescent groups, resulting in amorphous polymers with different RTPs. In this system, the materials even have impressive humidity-stimulated responses, and the phosphorescence emission exhibits excitation-dependent and time-dependent properties. The humidity-responsive afterglow is caused by the destruction of hydrogen bonds and quenching of triplet excitons. The time-dependent afterglow should stem from the formation of diversified RTP emissive species with comparable but different lifetimes. 9,10-diaminophene has Ex-De properties in the film doping state. With the change of excitation wavelength (254 nm to 365 nm), the emission wavelength shifts from 461 nm to 530 nm, accompanied by the change of emission colour from blue to green. In addition, the phosphorescence life of the film is the longest, up to 2504.7 ms, and the afterglow lasts up to 15 s, which is conducive to its applications in anti-counterfeiting and information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Syed Husnain Ali
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Zhuoyao Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Pengxiang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals Tianjin 300350 P.R. China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Shaoxing 312300 P.R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals Tianjin 300350 P.R. China
| | - Bowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Shaoxing 312300 P.R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals Tianjin 300350 P.R. China
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9
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Gong X, Xu Q, Li J, Ma Y, Li X, Wu W, Wang H. Hydrophobic Mn-Doped Solid-State Red-Emitting Carbon Nanodots with AIE Effect and Their Hydrogel Composites for Color-Changing Anticounterfeiting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304673. [PMID: 37731094 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-caused quenching has always limited the high concentration and solid-state applications of carbon nanodots. While the aggregation-induced emission effect, dominated by intramolecular motion, may be an effective means to solve this problem. Here, hydrophobic solid-state red-light carbon nanodots (M-CDs) with 95% yield are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method using 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid as the carbon source and manganese acetate as the dopant source. The disulfide bond of 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid serves as the symmetry center of molecular rotation and Mn catalyzes the synthesis of M-CDs, which promotes the formation of the central graphitic carbon structure. The M-CDs/agar hydrogel composites can achieve fluorescence transition behavior because of the special fluorescence transition properties of M-CDs. When this composite hydrogel is placed in water, water molecules contact with M-CDs through the network structure of the hydrogels, making the aggregated hydrogels of M-CDs fluorescence orange-red under 365 nm excitation. While in dimethyl sulfoxide, water molecules in the hydrogels network are replaced and the M-CDs fluoresce blue when dispersed, providing a potential application in information encryption. In addition, high-performance monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) devices are prepared by compounding M-CDs with epoxy resin and coating them on 365 nm LED chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Wanze Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China
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10
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Feng W, Chen D, Zhao Y, Mu B, Yan H, Barboiu M. Modulation of Deep-Red to Near-Infrared Room-Temperature Charge-Transfer Phosphorescence of Crystalline "Pyrene Box" Cages by Coupled Ion/Guest Structural Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2484-2493. [PMID: 38229260 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Organic cocrystals obtained from multicomponent self-assembly have garnered considerable attention due to their distinct phosphorescence properties and broad applications. Yet, there have been limited reports on cocrystal systems that showcase efficient deep-red to near-infrared (NIR) charge-transfer (CT) phosphorescence. Furthermore, effective strategies to modulate the emission pathways of both fluorescence and phosphorescence remain underexplored. In this work, we dedicated our work to four distinct self-assembled cocrystals called "pyrene box" cages using 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonate anions (PTS4-), 4-iodoaniline (1), guanidinium (G+), diaminoguanidinium (A2G+), and hydrated K+ countercations. The binding of such cations to PTS4- platforms adaptively modulates their supramolecular stacking self-assembly with guest molecules 1, allowing to steer the fluorescence and phosphorescence pathways. Notably, the confinement of guest molecule 1 within "pyrene box" PTSK{1} and PTSG{1} cages leads to an efficient deep-red to NIR CT phosphorescence emission. The addition of fuming gases like triethylamine and HCl allows reversible pH modulations of guest binding, which in turn induce a reversible transition of the "pyrene box" cage between fluorescence and phosphorescence states. This capability was further illustrated through a proof-of-concept demonstration in shrimp freshness detection. Our findings not only lay a foundation for future supramolecular designs leveraging weak intermolecular host-guest interactions to engineer excited states in interacting chromophores but also broaden the prospective applications of room-temperature phosphorescence materials in food safety detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixu Feng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Dong Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Bin Mu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nano-systems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM-CNRS, Place E. Bataillon CC047, Montpellier F-34095, France
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11
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Deka R, Dey S, Upadhyay M, Chawla S, Ray D. Conformational Effect of Catechol-Terephthalonitrile Emitters Leading to Ambient Violet Phosphorescence. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:581-589. [PMID: 38206828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Organic ambient violet phosphorescent (AVP) materials are of great interest due to their involvement of high energy and longer-lived triplet excitons. Here, we show three fused ring functionalized donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D/D-A-D') emitters (BPT1-BPT3), in which two catechol-based donors (3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, catechol, or 3,5-ditert-butylcatechol) are covalently fused to the terephthalonitrile acceptor via four O-C single bonds. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that all the molecules show AVP (∼390-394 nm, τAVP = 73-101 μs) with phosphorescence quantum yields (ϕP) of 1.8-27.4% due to low singlet-triplet gaps (0.036-0.046 eV) and conformational effects. BPT3 with bulky tert-butyl groups increases AVP (ϕP = 27.4%). Quantum chemistry calculations reveal flat (F1) and twisted (F2) conformers (ground state) with a low energy difference (∼4-5 kcal/mol) for all molecules; the F1 conformer is responsible for efficient AVP, while weak blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence with longer-lived delayed components is realized from the F2 conformer. This approach may provide important clues for the design of high-energy organic phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktim Deka
- Advanced Photofunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Suvendu Dey
- Advanced Photofunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Manoj Upadhyay
- Advanced Photofunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Sakshi Chawla
- Condensed Phase Dynamics Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Debdas Ray
- Advanced Photofunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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12
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Zhang W, Yin H, Guo J, Zhao X, Shi Y. High-efficient luminescence induced by the restriction of benzothiazole group torsion for the HBT-H-H molecule in the aggregate state. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123319. [PMID: 37688882 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect has been demonstrated to have great potential application in different areas, from organic electronics to biomedical research and physical process monitoring. In general, molecules with AIE characteristic exhibit fluorescence enhancement in the aggregated state by restricting intramolecular motion consumption. The combination of AIE and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is meaningful for promoting luminescence. Recently, HBT-H-H molecule, as a derivative of 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT), has drawn extensive attention from researchers. The molecule possesses the intramolecular hydrogen bonding structure which has the potential for ESIPT. Moreover, the fluorescence quantum yield of HBT-H-H in the aggregation state is 35 times higher than that in Toluene. However, the interplay between excited state dynamics and the AIE effect for this molecule is not clear. Especially, how does AIE effect beat non-radiative transition channel by affecting motions of molecular structure. Herein, we investigated the excited state dynamics of HBT-H-H molecule by the spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory and QM/MM method. We found that the molecule relaxes to the conical intersection region through the twisting motion of the benzothiazole group in Toluene solvent. While the AIE effect effectively inhibits this process by preventing the torsion of benzothiazole group, which induces the emission enhancement. The interplay between the excited-state dynamics and AIE effect for the HBT-H-H molecule delineated in this work not only benefits the deep understanding of molecular behavior to the aggregate level, but also provides a guide for the synthesis of AIE materials with favorable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentian Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jie Guo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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13
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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14
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Jin H, Zhang X, Ma J, Bu L, Qian C, Li Z, Guan Y, Chen M, Ma Z, Ma Z. Achieving Colorful Ultralong Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence by Precise Modification of Nitrogen Atoms on Phosphorescence Units. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54732-54742. [PMID: 37964465 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
We successfully tune ultralong organic room-temperature phosphorescence (UORTP) by a simple strategy of precisely modifying nitrogen atoms on Phosphorescence Units, and colorful ultralong phosphorescence can be achieved. We for the first time investigate the structure-function relationship between phosphorescence properties and molecular structures of Phosphorescence Units. With BCz and BCz-1 as comparison, eight new Phosphorescence Units were synthesized by introducing one or two nitrogen atoms to the naphthalene moiety. For all the 10 Phosphorescence Units, their room-temperature ultralong phosphorescence in the PMMA film should be assigned to monomer phosphorescence from intrinsic T1 decay. For Phosphorescence Units series I (BCz, NBCz-1, NBCz-2, NBCz-3, NBCz-4, NBCz-5, and NBCz-6), introducing one nitrogen atom to the naphthalene moiety can significantly affect the phosphorescence properties of Phosphorescence Units, and the effect is quite complicated. For modification on the inner ring, the T1 energy level of NBCz-1 decreases, and the red shift of UORTP occurs while the T1 energy level of NBCz-2 increases and the blue shift of UORTP happens. For modification on the outer ring, no phosphorescence color change is observed for NBCz-3 and NBCz-4, but their phosphorescence lifetimes vary notably due to different intersystem crossing efficiencies; as the modification site approaches the central five-member ring, the T1 energy levels of NBCz-5 and NBCz-6 decrease, and their UORTP red shifts dramatically. For Phosphorescence Units series II (BCz, 2NBCz, BCz-1, and 2NBCz-1), introducing two nitrogen atoms to the outer six-member ring reduces energy level of T1 excitons and leads to incredible red shift of UORTP for BCz and 2NBCz while surprisingly energy levels of T1 excitons rise and UORTP blue shifts for BCz-1 and 2NBCz-1. Under the condition of proper modification sites, it is true that the more the additional nitrogen atoms, the more red-shifted the ultralong phosphorescence. This study may expand our knowledge of organic phosphorescence and lay the foundation for its future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lijuan Bu
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chen Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zewei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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15
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Hao XL, Ren AM, Zhou L. Research and Design of Aggregation-Regulated Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Time-Resolved Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Imaging and Biological Monitoring. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10309-10317. [PMID: 37943283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the nature of aggregation-regulated thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and proposing effective design strategies for two-photon excited TADF materials for time-resolved biological imaging and monitoring are urgent and encouraging. In this work, it is found that the aggregation effect not only plays an important role in decreasing the internal conversion decay rate but also strongly influences the singlet-triplet excited-state energy difference as well as the intersystem crossing rate. It is proposed that the transformation from prompt fluorescence materials to long lifetime TADF or phosphorescence materials can be accomplished by regulating the position of substituent groups, which provides an effective method to design and develop long afterglow materials. Then, a high-performance TADF compound with a large two-photon absorption cross section in the biological window (112 GM/775 nm), high TADF efficiency (nearly 100%), and long fluorescence lifetime (50.75 μs) has been designed, which demonstrates the potential application in time-resolved two-photon excited fluorescence imaging and biological detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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16
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Yang X, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S, Yu J. Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials: mechanisms, structural regulation strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8005-8058. [PMID: 37880991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Afterglow materials are attracting widespread attention owing to their distinctive and long-lived optical emission properties which create exciting opportunities in various fields. Recent research has led to the discovery of many new afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and lifetimes of up to several hours under ambient conditions. Afterglow materials are typically categorized according to their luminescence mechanism, such as long-persistent luminescence (LPL), room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Through rational design and novel synthetic strategies to modulate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and populate triplet exciton states (T1), luminophores with long lifetimes and bright afterglow characteristics can be realized. Initial research towards afterglow materials focused mainly on pure inorganic materials, many of which possessed inherent disadvantages such as metal toxicity or low energy emissions. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials (OIHAMs) have been developed with high PLQY and long lifetimes. These hybrid materials exploit the tunable structure and easy processing of organic molecules, as well as enhanced SOC and intersystem crossing (ISC) processes involving heavy atom dopants, to achieve excellent afterglow performance. In this review, we begin by briefly discussing the structure and composition of inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including strategies for regulating their lifetime, PLQY and luminescence wavelength. The specific advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including low manufacturing costs, diverse molecular/electronic structures, tunable structures and optical properties, and compatibility with a variety of substrates, are emphasized. Subsequently, we discuss in detail the fundamental mechanisms used by afterglow materials, their classification, design principles, and end applications (including sensing, anticounterfeiting, and photoelectric devices, among others). Finally, existing challenges and promising future directions are discussed, laying a platform for the design of afterglow materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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17
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Cheng A, Su H, Gu X, Zhang W, Zhang B, Zhou M, Jiang J, Zhang X, Zhang G. Disorder-Enhanced Charge-Transfer-Mediated Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in Polymer Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312627. [PMID: 37732517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) polymers have important applications for biological imaging, oxygen sensing, data encryption, and photodynamic therapy. Despite the many advantages polymeric materials offer such as great control over gas permeability and processing flexibility, disorder is traditionally considered as an intrinsic negative impact on the efficiency for embedded RTP luminophores, as various allowed thermal motions could quench the emitting states. However, we propose that such disorder-enabled freedoms of microscopic motions can be beneficial for charge-transfer-mediated RTP, which is facilitated by molecular conformational changes among different electronic transition states. Using the "classic" pyrene-aniline exciplex as an example, we demonstrate the mutual enhancement of red/near-infrared and green RTP emissions from the pyrene and aniline moieties, respectively, upon doping the aniline polymer with trace pyrene derivatives. In comparison, a pyrene-doped crystal formed with the same aniline structure exhibits only charge-transfer fluorescence with no red or green RTP observed, suggesting that order suppresses the RTP channels. The proposed polymerization strategy may be used as a unified method to generate multi-emissive polymeric RTP materials from a vast pool of known and unknown exciplexes and charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoyuan Cheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hao Su
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Xuewen Gu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Baicheng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
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18
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Liao Q, Li Q, Li Z. The Key Role of Molecular Packing in Luminescence Property: From Adjacent Molecules to Molecular Aggregates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2306617. [PMID: 37739004 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The luminescence materials act as the key components in many functional devices, as well as the detection and imaging systems, which can be permeated in each aspect of modern life, and attract more and more attention for the creative technology and applications. In addition to the diverse properties of organic luminogens, the multiple molecular packing at aggregated states frequently offers new and/or exciting performance. However, there still lacks comprehensive analysis of molecular packing in these organic materials, resulting in an increased gap between molecular design and practical applications. In this review, from the basic knowledge of organic compounds as single molecules, to the discernable property of excimer, charge transfer (CT) complex or self-assembly systems by adjacent molecules, and finally to the opto-electronic performance of molecular aggregates, the relevant factors to molecular packing and practical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Liao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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19
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Zhao S, Yang Z, Zhang X, Liu H, Lv Y, Wang S, Yang Z, Zhang ST, Yang B. A functional unit combination strategy for enhancing red room-temperature phosphorescence. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9733-9743. [PMID: 37736641 PMCID: PMC10510757 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03668e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Red room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials based on non-metallic organic compounds are less reported compared to the commonly found green RTP materials. Here, we propose a novel approach to obtain red RTP materials by integrating and combining two functional units, resembling a jigsaw puzzle. In this approach, benzo[c][2,1,3]thiadiazole (BZT) serves as the red RTP unit, while a folding unit containing sulphur/oxygen is responsible for enhancing spin-orbit coupling (SOC) to accelerate the intersystem crossing (ISC) process. Three new molecules (SS-BZT, SO-BZT, and OO-BZT) were designed and synthesized, among which SS-BZT and SO-BZT with folded geometries demonstrate enhanced red RTP in their monodisperse films compared to the parent BZT. Meanwhile, the SS-BZT film shows a dual emission consisting of blue fluorescence and red RTP, with a significant spectral separation of approximately 150 nm, which makes the SS-BZT film highly suitable for applications in optical oxygen sensing and ratiometric detection. Within the oxygen concentration range of 0-1.31%, the SS-BZT film demonstrates a quenching constant of 2.66 kPa-1 and a quenching efficiency of 94.24%, indicating that this probe has the potential to accurately detect oxygen in a hypoxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yingbo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Shiyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zhongzhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Shi-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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20
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An Z, Liu R, Liu J, Du J, Chen S, Wang X, Sheng Z, Liu H. Monomer Emission Mechanism Research of Tetraphenylethene Derivative with Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Polymer Microspheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12153-12158. [PMID: 37582402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The monomer emission property of the tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivative is rarely reported, and its photoluminescence (PL) mechanism related to supramolecular self-assembly needs further in-depth research. Two long alkyl chain modified derivatives, the TPE derivative (TPE-C10) and pyrene derivative (Pyrene-C10), are designed and synthesized, which possess similar supramolecular assembly behavior but exhibit different PL properties. TPE-C10 not only forms self-assembly morphologies with monomer emission but also emits aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Moreover, the polymer microspheres containing TPE-C10 and Pyrene-C10 are prepared, which can dissolve or swell in different organic solvents. The changed binding effect of polymer chains achieves the luminescence transformation of TPE-C10 from AIE to monomer emission. This work hopefully can enrich luminescent materials based on the monomer emission of the TPE derivative and provide a new method for mechanism studies about supramolecular self-assembly and luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang An
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
| | - Renping Liu
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Liu
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Du
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyi Sheng
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
| | - Heyang Liu
- College of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P. R. China
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21
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Gao W, Liu Z, Dai X, Sun W, Gong Q, Li J, Ge Y. Color-Tunable Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence: Commercially Available Triphenylmethylamine for UV-Light Response and Anticounterfeiting. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300450. [PMID: 37387329 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unclear mechanism and lack of effective design for color-tunable ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) in a single-component molecule, the development of new types of single-component UOP materials with color-tunable property remains challenging. Herein, commercially available triphenylmethylamine-based single-component phosphors featuring color-tunablity and ultralong lifetime (0.56 s) are reported. The changed afterglow colors from cyan to orange were observed after different wavelengths of UV excitation. Crystal structure and calculation studies show that multiple emission centers in the aggregated states may be responsible for the color-tunablity. In addition, visual probing of UV light (from 260 to 370 nm) and colorful anti-counterfeiting were conducted. More importantly, UV light ranging from 350 to 370 nm could be detected with the minimal interval of 2 nm. The findings provide a new type of single-component color-tunable UOP materials and shed new light on mechanism and design for such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Zhenliang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Xianyin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Qi Gong
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Jinwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Ge
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, P. R. China
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22
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Wu B, Hu K, Wang X, Zhang G. Biomimetic Approach toward Kinetically Stable AIE-Gens under Physiological Conditions. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37276365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many AIE-gens suffer from excessive hydrophobicity, and their kinetic stability in aqueous condition is not warranted. Here, we introduce phosphorylcholine, a zwitterionic group ubiquitously found in biological membranes, onto the tetraphenylethene core structure to yield AIE nanoparticles stable in both PBS buffer and cell culture. We also find that the AIE efficiency is critically reliant on the delicate balance between the hydrophilic phosphorylcholine and hydrophobic moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingze Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Kan Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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23
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Zhai Y, Li S, Li J, Liu S, James TD, Sessler JL, Chen Z. Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2614. [PMID: 37147300 PMCID: PMC10162966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing afterglow room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from natural sources is an attractive approach to sustainable RTP materials. However, converting natural resources to RTP materials often requires toxic reagents or complex processing. Here we report that natural wood may be converted into a viable RTP material by treating with magnesium chloride. Specifically, immersing natural wood into an aqueous MgCl2 solution at room temperature produces so-called C-wood containing chloride anions that act to promote spin orbit coupling (SOC) and increase the RTP lifetime. Produced in this manner, C-wood exhibits an intense RTP emission with a lifetime of ~ 297 ms (vs. the ca. 17.5 ms seen for natural wood). As a demonstration of potential utility, an afterglow wood sculpture is prepared in situ by simply spraying the original sculpture with a MgCl2 solution. C-wood was also mixed with polypropylene (PP) to generate printable afterglow fibers suitable for the fabrication of luminescent plastics via 3D printing. We anticipate that the present study will facilitate the development of sustainable RTP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, A5300, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China.
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24
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Li J, Li X, Wang G, Wang X, Wu M, Liu J, Zhang K. A direct observation of up-converted room-temperature phosphorescence in an anti-Kasha dopant-matrix system. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1987. [PMID: 37031245 PMCID: PMC10082826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is common sense that emission maxima of phosphorescence spectra (λP) are longer than those of fluorescence spectra (λF). Here we report a serendipitous finding of up-converted room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with λP < λF and phosphorescence lifetime > 0.1 s upon doping benzophenone-containing difluoroboron β-diketonate (BPBF2) into phenyl benzoate matrices. The up-converted RTP is originated from BPBF2's Tn (n ≥ 2) states which show typical 3n-π* characters from benzophenone moieties. Detailed studies reveal that, upon intersystem crossing from BPBF2's S1 states of charge transfer characters, the resultant T1 and Tn states build T1-to-Tn equilibrium. Because of their 3n-π* characters, the Tn states possess large phosphorescence rates that can strongly compete RTP(T1) to directly emit RTP(Tn) which violates Kasha's rule. The direct observation of up-converted RTP provides deep understanding of triplet excited state dynamics and opens an intriguing pathway to devise visible-light-excitable deep-blue afterglow emitters, as well as stimuli-responsive afterglow materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuepu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaka Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Xu L, Mo Y, Su N, Shi C, Sun N, Zhang Y, Duan L, Lu ZH, Ding J. D-O-A based organic phosphors for both aggregation-induced electrophosphorescence and host-free sensitization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1678. [PMID: 36966127 PMCID: PMC10039947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pure organic phosphors capable of room-temperature phosphorescence show a great potential in organic light-emitting diodes, while it is limited by the big challenge to realize efficient electroluminescence under electric excitation. Herein, we develop a class of organic phosphors based on acridine as the electron donor, triazine as the electron acceptor and oxygen as the bridge between them. Benefitting from the characteristic donor-oxygen-acceptor geometry, these compounds are found to behave an exciting aggregation-induced organic room-temperature electrophosphorescence, and achieve a record-high external quantum efficiency of 15.8% for non-doped devices. Furthermore, they can sensitize multi-resonant emitters in the absence of any additional wide bandgap host, leading to an effective narrowband emission with a peak external quantum efficiency of 26.4% and a small full-width at half maximum of 26 nm. The results clearly indicate that donor-oxygen-acceptor geometry is a promising strategy to design organic phosphors suitable for organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Xu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Mo
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Su
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshen Shi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Sun
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuewei Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Junqiao Ding
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
- Southwest United Graduate School, 650092, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Nie F, Wang KZ, Yan D. Supramolecular glasses with color-tunable circularly polarized afterglow through evaporation-induced self-assembly of chiral metal-organic complexes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1654. [PMID: 36964159 PMCID: PMC10039082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of chiral molecules into macroscopic systems has many valuable applications, especially in the fields of optical displays, data encryption, information storage, and so on. Here, we design and prepare a serious of supramolecular glasses (SGs) based on Zn-L-Histidine complexes, via an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) strategy. Metal-ligand interactions between the zinc(II) ion and chiral L-Histidine endow the SGs with interesting circularly polarized afterglow (CPA). Multicolored CPA emissions from blue to red with dissymmetry factor as high as 9.5 × 10-3 and excited-state lifetime up to 356.7 ms are achieved under ambient conditions. Therefore, this work not only communicates the bulk SGs with wide-tunable afterglow and large circular polarization, but also provides an EISA method for the macroscopic self-assembly of chiral metal-organic hybrids toward photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China.
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27
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Su H, Hu K, Huang W, Wang T, Zhang X, Chen B, Miao H, Zhang X, Zhang G. Functional Roles of Polymers in Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials: Modulation of Intersystem Crossing, Air Sensitivity and Biological Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218712. [PMID: 36718871 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Organic room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials routinely incorporate polymeric components, which usually act as non-functional or "inert" media to protect excited-state phosphors from thermal and collisional quenching, but are lesser explored for other influences. Here, we report some exemplary "active roles" of polymer matrices played in organic RTP materials, including: 1) color modulation of total delayed emissions via balancing the population ratio between thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and RTP due to dielectric-dependent intersystem crossing; 2) altered air sensitivity of RTP materials by generating various surface morphologies such as nano-sized granules; 3) enhanced bacterial elimination for enhanced electrostatic interactions with negatively charged bio-membranes. These active roles demonstrated that the vast library of polymeric structures and functionalities can be married to organic phosphors to broaden new application horizons for RTP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Kan Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenhuan Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hui Miao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
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28
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Lee S, Lee J, Jeon S. Aggregation-induced emission of matrix-free graphene quantum dots via selective edge functionalization of rotor molecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2585. [PMID: 36800418 PMCID: PMC9937574 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are nanosized graphene derivatives with unique photoluminescence (PL) properties that have advantages in optoelectronic applications due to their stable blue light emission. However, aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) of GQDs limits the practical applications on light-emitting diodes. Here, we suppress the ACQ phenomena of GQDs by reducing the size and converting GQDs into aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active materials. As the size of GQDs is reduced from 5 to 1 nm, their solid-state PL quantum yields (PLQYs) are improved from 0.5 to 2.5%, preventing ACQ. Two different rotor molecules, benzylamine (BA) and 4,4'-(1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl)diphenol (TPE-DOH), are selectively functionalized by substituting carboxylic acid and carbonyl functional groups. All functionalized GQDs show AIE behaviors with significantly enhanced solid-state PLQYs, up to 16.8%. Afterglow measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that selective functionalization hinders inter- and intramolecular charge transfer, which enhances the fluorescence rate of GQDs and corresponding PLQY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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29
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Wang T, Gupta AK, Wu S, Slawin AMZ, Zysman-Colman E. Conjugation-Modulated Excitonic Coupling Brightens Multiple Triplet Excited States. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1945-1954. [PMID: 36638828 PMCID: PMC9880999 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The design and regulation of multiple room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) processes are formidably challenging due to the restrictions imposed by Kasha's rule. Here, we report a general design principle for materials that show multiple RTP processes, which is informed by our study of four compounds where there is modulation of the linker hybridization between donor (D) and acceptor (A) groups. Theoretical modeling and photophysical experiments demonstrate that multiple RTP processes can be achieved in sp3 C-linked D-A compounds due to the arrest of intramolecular electronic communication between two triplet states (T1H and T1L) localized on the donor and acceptor or between two triplet states, one localized on the donor and one delocalized across aggregated acceptors. However, for the sp2 C-linked D-A counterparts, RTP from one locally excited T1 state is observed because of enhanced excitonic coupling between the two triplet states of molecular subunits. Single-crystal and reduced density gradient analyses reveal the influence of molecular packing on the coincident phosphorescence processes and the origin of the observed aggregate phosphorescence. These findings provide insights into higher-lying triplet excited-state dynamics and into a fundamental design principle for designing compounds that show multiple RTP.
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30
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Zhang X, Qian C, Ma Z, Fu X, Li Z, Jin H, Chen M, Jiang H, Ma Z. A Class of Organic Units Featuring Matrix-Controlled Color-Tunable Ultralong Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206482. [PMID: 36567308 PMCID: PMC9875667 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of organic units (N-1 and N-2) and their derivatives (PNNA-1 and PNNA-2) with excellent property of ultralong organic room temperature phosphorescence (UORTP) is reported. In this work, N-1, N-2, and their derivatives function as the guests, while organic powders (PNCz, BBP, DBT) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) serve as the host matrixes. Amazingly, the color of phosphorescence can be tuned in different states or by varying the host matrixes. At 77 K, all molecules show green afterglow in the monomer state but yellow afterglow in the aggregated state because strong intermolecular interactions exist in the self-aggregate and induce a redshift of the afterglow. In particular, PNNA-1 and PNNA-2 demonstrate distinctive photoactivated green UORTP in the PMMA film owing to the generation of their cation radicals. Whereas the PNNA-1@PNCz and PNNA-2@PNCz doping powders give out yellow UORTP, showing matrix-controlled color-tunable UORTP. In PNCz, the cation radicals of PNNA-1 and PNNA-2 can stay stably and form strong intermolecular interactions with PNCz, leading to a redshift of ultralong phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Chen Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Zewei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Huiwen Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesCollege of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
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31
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Hao XL, Ren AM, Zhou L. Research and Design of Aggregation-Induced Phosphorescent Materials for Time-Resolved Two-Photon Excited Luminescence Imaging. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11745-11752. [PMID: 36516071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pure organic two-photon excited room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have attracted great attention for time-resolved imaging due to their long emission lifetime and high resolution. The materials with an aromatic carbonyl group exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and RTP characteristics simultaneously. Here, we deeply explored the nature of aggregation-induced phosphorescence (AIP), especially the relationship between molecular configuration and optical properties. It was found that aggregation effect can suppress geometrical vibrations and regulate energy difference between S1 and T1. The aromatic carbonyl group plays significant roles in changing electronic configuration, resulting in large Stokes shift and spin-orbit coupling. It also leads to small transition dipole moment, decreasing two-photon absorption cross section and radiative decay rate. To improve two-photon absorption properties, we further designed a π-conjugated compound with large two-photon absorption cross section in the biological window (36.40 GM/656 nm) and AIP characteristics, which is a potential material in the application of time-resolved two-photon excited imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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Li W, Huang Q, Mao Z, He X, Ma D, Zhao J, Lam JWY, Zhang Y, Tang BZ, Chi Z. A dish-like molecular architecture for dynamic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence through reversible guest accommodation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7423. [PMID: 36456562 PMCID: PMC9715674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing dynamic organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescent (URTP) materials is of practical importance in various applications but remains a challenge due to the difficulty in manipulating aggregate structures. Herein, we report a dish-like molecular architecture via a bottom-up way, featuring guest-responsive dynamic URTP. Through controlling local fragment motions in the molecular architecture, fascinating dynamic URTP performances can be achieved in response to reversible accommodation of various guests, including solvents, alkyl bromides and even carbon dioxide. Large-scale regulations of phosphorescence lifetime (100-fold) and intensity (10-fold) can be realized, presenting a maximum phosphorescence efficiency and lifetime of 78.8% and 483.1 ms, respectively. Moreover, such a dish-like molecular architecture is employed for temperature-dependent multiple information encryption and visual identification of linear alkyl bromides. This work can not only deepen our understanding to construct multifunctional organic aggregates, but also facilitate the design of high-performance dynamic URTP materials and enrich their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlang Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China ,grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi He
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyu Ma
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China ,grid.511521.3School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172 Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
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33
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Han P, Xia E, Qin A, Tang BZ. Adjustable and smart AIEgens for nondoped blue and deep blue organic light-emitting diodes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yang Y, Jiang Z, Liu Y, Guan T, Zhang Q, Qin C, Jiang K, Liu Y. Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of a Carbazole-Based Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Molecule: Real-Time Monitoring of Singlet-Triplet Transitions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9381-9389. [PMID: 36190283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of singlet-triplet transitions is an effective tool for studying room-temperature phosphorescent molecules. For femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy of a 2,6-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) pyridine molecule in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the stimulated emission signal (380 nm) and the excited-state absorption signal (650 nm) reach their maximum intensity within 397 fs. Subsequently, the two signals decay with time and the triplet-triplet absorption (TTA) signal (400 nm) is enhanced synchronously, accompanied by an isosbestic point at 491 nm. These results confirm intersystem crossing (ISC) within 2.5 ns. Moreover, the TTA signal (400 nm) in nanosecond TA spectroscopy gradually disappeared, accompanied by a phosphorescence lifetime of 4.1 μs. As the solvent polarity decreases (DMSO > N,N-dimethylformamide > 1,4-dioxane > toluene), similar spectral dynamic processes are observed, while the durations of ISC processes and phosphorescence lifetimes are shortened. This combined femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy study presents the ultrafast excited-state dynamics of organic phosphorescent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zhinan Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Tiantian Guan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Chaochao Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
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35
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Wang J. High efficient room temperature phosphorescent materials constructed with methylene molecular configuration. Front Chem 2022; 10:1010676. [PMID: 36247674 PMCID: PMC9558821 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1010676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have investigated several pure organic room temperature phosphorescent materials with donor-methylene acceptor configurations with relatively different quantum efficiency. The results show that the introduction of methylene functional group in room temperature phosphorescent materials based on donor-acceptor configuration is more favorable for obtaining higher phosphorescent quantum efficiency in crystal phase environment. More importantly, our calculations reveal the root cause of the excellent quantum efficiency performance after the introduction of methylene groups. The results show that the introduction of methylene can inhibit the structural deformation of molecules during the excited state transition process and give them higher interaction. Moreover, in the donor-acceptor configuration, the heavy atom effect is more favorable to the formation of π-x (X = Br) interaction to accelerate the occurrence of intersystem crossing and achieve a higher intersystem crossing rate. Therefore, the donor-methylene-acceptor molecule is expected to improve the quantum efficiency of room temperature phosphorescence, and the addition of heavy atoms is more conducive to prolong the life of room temperature phosphorescence. This work provides a useful reference for rational design of room temperature phosphorescent materials with high efficiency and long life.
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36
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Wang T, De J, Wu S, Gupta AK, Zysman‐Colman E. Thermally Activated and Aggregation‐Regulated Excitonic Coupling Enable Emissive High‐Lying Triplet Excitons**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206681. [PMID: 35684990 PMCID: PMC9545188 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) originating from higher‐lying triplet excitons remains a rather rarely documented occurrence for purely organic molecular systems. Here, we report two naphthalene‐based RTP luminophores whose phosphorescence emission is enabled by radiative decay of high‐lying triplet excitons. In contrast, upon cooling the dominant phosphorescence originates from the lowest‐lying triplet excited state, which is manifested by a red‐shifted emission. Photophysical and theoretical studies reveal that the unusual RTP results from thermally activated excitonic coupling between different conformations of the compounds. Aggregation‐regulated excitonic coupling is observed when increasing the doping concentration of the emitters in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). Further, the RTP quantum efficiency improves more than 80‐fold in 1,3‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) compared to that in PMMA. This design principle offers important insight into triplet excited state dynamics and has been exploited in afterglow‐indicating temperature sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Joydip De
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Sen Wu
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
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37
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Cheng A, Jiang Y, Su H, Zhang B, Jiang J, Wang T, Luo Y, Zhang G. Origin of Red‐Shifted Phosphorescence from Triphenylamines: Triplet Excimer or Impurity? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206366. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoyuan Cheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Hao Su
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Baicheng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Hefei National Laboratory University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Hefei National Laboratory University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Hefei National Laboratory University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China
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38
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Xiong X, Fu P, Zhang X, Fan Y, Pan M. High‐Temperature and Dynamic RGB (Red‐Green‐Blue) Long‐Persistent Luminescence in an Anti‐Kasha Organic Compound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205556. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang‐Sheng Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shi‐Cheng Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Xiong
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Peng‐Yan Fu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiao‐Dong Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Ya‐Nan Fan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
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39
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Wang Z, Li A, Zhao Z, Zhu T, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Tan Y, Yuan WZ. Accessing Excitation- and Time-Responsive Afterglows from Aqueous Processable Amorphous Polymer Films through Doping and Energy Transfer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202182. [PMID: 35684938 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Smart afterglow materials in response to excitation and delay time, including crystals, polymeric films, and carbon dots, have attracted considerable attention on account of their fundamental value in photophysics and promising applications in optoelectronics. However, the fabrication of amorphous and flexible polymer films with fine control remains underexplored. Herein, new doped polymer films based on sodium alginate and aromatic carboxylates are developed, which demonstrate following advantages: (i) easy and fast fabrication through the aqueous solution process, (ii) flexible, transparent, and re-dissolvable characteristics, (iii) multi-tunable afterglow colors from blue to red and even white with fine control. Specifically, even better controllability can be achieved through co-doping and triplet-to-singlet Förster resonance energy transfer (TS-FRET). Multimode advanced anti-counterfeiting of these materials is demonstrated using their excitation- and time-dependent as well as TS-FRET-mediated afterglow colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fiber and Ecological textile Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Rd., Shinan District, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Anze Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tianwen Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fiber and Ecological textile Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Rd., Shinan District, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yeqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fiber and Ecological textile Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Rd., Shinan District, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
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40
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Song J, Ma L, Sun S, Tian H, Ma X. Reversible Multilevel Stimuli-Responsiveness and Multicolor Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Emission Based on a Single-Component System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206157. [PMID: 35576103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There are limited reports about the transformation of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with multilevel stimuli-responsiveness at different RTP emission wavelengths under external stimuli. It is difficult to ensure efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) in different states of a single-component system. This research reports the conversion of the organic single-component small molecule 1,2-bis(4-alkoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-dione (N-BOX) with multilevel stimuli-responsiveness between high-efficiency blue and yellow RTP by grinding or thermal annealing N-BOX crystals. The RTP emission of N-BOX in the crystalline state was easy to adjust by external stimuli (grinding or thermal annealing) due to its non-compact packing, which led to a phase transition and generated unique multilevel stimuli-responsiveness. In particular, the RTP quantum yield of 7-BOX with multilevel stimuli-responsiveness reached 68.4 %, which provides an opportunity for regulation of smart optical materials based on pure organic RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liangwei Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
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41
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Chu B, Zhang H, Chen K, Liu B, Yu QL, Zhang CJ, Sun J, Yang Q, Zhang XH, Tang BZ. Aliphatic Polyesters with White-Light Clusteroluminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15286-15294. [PMID: 35796412 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule white-light emission (SMWLE) has many advantages in practical applications; however, the fabrication of SMWLE from nonconjugated luminescent polymers, namely, clusteroluminogens (CLgens), is still a big challenge. Herein, the first example of linear nonconjugated polyesters with SMWLE is reported. Twenty-four kinds of nonconjugated aliphatic polyesters with tunable clusteroluminescence (CL) colors and efficiency were synthesized by the copolymerization of six epoxides and four anhydrides. Experimental and calculation results prove that, at the primary structure level, the balance of structural flexibility and rigidity via adjusting the side-chain length significantly enhances the efficiency of CL without wavelength change. However, altering the chemical structures of the monomer from succinic anhydride to trans-maleic anhydride (MA), cis-MA, and citraconic anhydride (CA), secondary structures of these polyesters change from helix to straight and folding sheet accompanied by gradually red-shifted CL from 460 to 570 nm due to the increase in through-space n-π* interactions, as demonstrated by the computational and experimental results. Then, pure SMWLE with CIE coordination (0.30, 0.32) based on overlapped short-wavelength and long-wavelength CL is achieved in CA-based polyesters. This work not only provides further insights into the emission mechanism of CL but also provides a new strategy to manipulate the properties of CL by regulating the hierarchical structures of CLgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kailuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cheng-Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingzhi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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42
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Xiong X, Fu P, Zhang X, Fan Y, Pan M. High‐Temperature and Dynamic RGB (Red‐Green‐Blue) Long‐Persistent Luminescence in an Anti‐Kasha Organic Compound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang‐Sheng Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shi‐Cheng Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Xiong
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Peng‐Yan Fu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiao‐Dong Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Ya‐Nan Fan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
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43
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Chen J, Chen X, Cao L, Deng H, Chi Z, Liu B. Synergistic Generation and Accumulation of Triplet Excitons for Efficient Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200343. [PMID: 35355396 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The traditional method to achieve ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) is to hybrid nπ* and ππ* configurations in appropriate proportion, which are contradictory to each other for improving efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescence. In this work, through replacing the electron-donating aromatic group with a methoxy group and combining intramolecular halogen bond to promote intersystem crossing and suppress non-radiative transition, an efficient UOP molecule (2Br-OSPh) has been synthesized with the longest lifetime and brightest UOP among its isomers. As compared to CzS2Br, which has a similar substituted position of bromine atom and a larger kisc (the rate of intersystem crossing), the smaller ΔETT* (the energy gap between monomeric phosphorescence and aggregated state phosphorescence) in 2Br-OSPh could accelerate the transition from T1 to T1 *. This research indicates that both generation and accumulation of triplet excitons play an important role in realizing efficient UOP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junru Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huangjun Deng
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China
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44
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Wang T, De J, Wu S, Gupta AK, Zysman-Colman E. Thermally activated and aggregation‐regulated excitonic coupling enable emissive high‐lying triplet excitons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Joydip De
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Sen Wu
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- University of St Andrews School of Chemistry Purdie BuildingNorth Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UNITED KINGDOM
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45
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Qiu W, Cai X, Chen Z, Wei X, Li M, Gu Q, Peng X, Xie W, Jiao Y, Gan Y, Liu W, Su SJ. A "Flexible" Purely Organic Molecule Exhibiting Strong Spin-Orbital Coupling: Toward Nondoped Room-Temperature Phosphorescence OLEDs. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4971-4980. [PMID: 35639995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purely organic materials usually exhibit weak spin-orbital coupling (SOC) effect because of the lack of noble heavy metals, and the generation and direct emission from the triplet state is spin-forbidden. This would lead to slow intersystem crossing, long triplet lifetime, and low phosphorescence quantum yield. Herein, strong spin-orbital coupling between singlet and triplet was observed in a "flexible" and twist thianthrene-pyrimidine-based purely organic compound in an amorphous film state, which shows a fast intersystem crossing process and a high phosphorescence rate of 1.1 × 103 s-1. The heavy atom sulfur and nitrogen atoms in the molecule can provide n-π* transition character for efficient spin-orbital coupling. Moreover, the flexible molecule skeleton enables conformational change and molecular vibration in excited states, which was proved to be vital for efficient vibrational spin-orbital coupling. Benefitting from the strong SOC effect, a nondoped purely organic phosphorescence light-emitting diode was fabricated, which achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency of 7.98%, corresponding to an exciton utilization ratio exceeding 87.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yihang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yiyang Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P.R. China
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46
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Cheng A, Jiang Y, Su H, Zhang B, Jiang J, Wang T, Luo Y, Zhang G. Origin of Red‐Shifted Phosphorescence from Triphenylamines: Triplet Excimer or Impurity? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoyuan Cheng
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - Yifan Jiang
- University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - Hao Su
- University of Science and Technology of China University of Science and Technology of China CHINA
| | - Baicheng Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory CHINA
| | - Jun Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - Tao Wang
- University of Scicence and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - Yi Luo
- University of Sciencen and Technology of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CHINA
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China Polymer Science and Engineering CHINA
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47
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Song J, Ma L, Sun S, Tian H, Ma X. Reversible Multilevel Stimuli‐Responsiveness and Multicolor Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Emission Based on a Single‐Component System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Liangwei Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advance Materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 China
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48
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Wu Z, Dinkelbach F, Kerner F, Friedrich A, Ji L, Stepanenko V, Würthner F, Marian CM, Marder TB. Aggregation‐Induced Dual Phosphorescence from (
o
‐Bromophenyl)‐Bis(2,6‐Dimethylphenyl)Borane at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200525. [PMID: 35324026 PMCID: PMC9325438 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Designing highly efficient purely organic phosphors at room temperature remains a challenge because of fast non‐radiative processes and slow intersystem crossing (ISC) rates. The majority of them emit only single component phosphorescence. Herein, we have prepared 3 isomers (o, m, p‐bromophenyl)‐bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)boranes. Among the 3 isomers (o‐, m‐ and p‐BrTAB) synthesized, the ortho‐one is the only one which shows dual phosphorescence, with a short lifetime of 0.8 ms and a long lifetime of 234 ms in the crystalline state at room temperature. Based on theoretical calculations and crystal structure analysis of o‐BrTAB, the short lifetime component is ascribed to the T1M state of the monomer which emits the higher energy phosphorescence. The long‐lived, lower energy phosphorescence emission is attributed to the T1A state of an aggregate, with multiple intermolecular interactions existing in crystalline o‐BrTAB inhibiting nonradiative decay and stabilizing the triplet states efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Fabian Dinkelbach
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie und Computerchemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Florian Kerner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi An Shi 127 West Youyi Road 710072 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christel M. Marian
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie und Computerchemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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49
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Karmakar S, Dey S, Upadhyay M, Ray D. Phenoxazine-Quinoline Conjugates: Impact of Halogenation on Charge Transfer Triplet Energy Harvesting via Aggregate Induced Phosphorescence. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16827-16836. [PMID: 35601330 PMCID: PMC9118413 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from organic compounds has attracted increasing attention in the field of data security, sensing, and bioimaging. However, realization of RTP with an aggregate induced phosphorescence (AIP) feature via harvesting supersensitive excited charge transfer triplet (3CT) energy under visible light excitation (VLE) in single-component organic systems at ambient conditions remains unfulfilled. Organic donor-acceptor (D-A) based orthogonal structures can therefore be used to harvest the energy of the 3CT state at ambient conditions under VLE. Here we report three phenoxazine-quinoline conjugates (PQ, PQCl, PQBr), in which D and A parts are held in orthogonal orientation around the C-N single bond; PQCl and PQBr are substituted with halogens (Cl, Br) while PQ has no halogen atom. Spectroscopic studies and quantum chemistry calculations combining reference compounds (Phx, QPP) reveal that all the compounds in film at ambient conditions show fluorescence and green-RTP due to (i) radiative decay of both singlet charge transfer (1CT) and triplet CT (3CT) states under VLE, (ii) energetic nondegeneracy of 1CT and 3CT states (1CT- 3CT, 0.17-0.21 eV), and (iii) spatial separation of highest and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. Further, we found in a tetrahydrofuran-water mixture (f w = 90%, v/v) that both PQCl (10-5 M) and PQBr (10-5 M) show concentration-dependent AIP with phosphorescence quantum yields (ϕP) of ∼25% and ∼28%, respectively, whereas aggregate induced quenching (ACQ) was observed in PQ. The phosphorescence lifetimes (τP) of the PQCl and PQBr aggregates were shown to be ∼22-62 μs and ∼22-59 μs, respectively. The ϕP of the powder samples is found to be 0.03% (PQ), 15.6% (PQCl), and 13.0% (PQBr), which are significantly lower than that of the aggregates (10-5 M, f w = 90%, v/v). Film (Zeonex, 0.1 wt %) studies revealed that ϕP of PQ (7.1%) is relatively high, while PQCl and PQBr exhibit relatively low ϕP values (PQCl, 9.7%; PQBr, 8.8%), as compared with that of powder samples. In addition, we found in single-crystal X-ray analysis that multiple noncovalent interactions along with halogen···halogen (Cl···Cl) interactions between the neighboring molecules play an important role to stabilize the 3CT caused by increased rigidity of the molecular backbone. This design principle reveals a method to understand nondegeneracy of 1CT and 3CT states, and RTP with a concentration-dependent AIP effect using halogen substituted twisted donor-acceptor conjugates.
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50
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Zhu T, Yang T, Zhang Q, Yuan WZ. Clustering and halogen effects enabled red/near-infrared room temperature phosphorescence from aliphatic cyclic imides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2658. [PMID: 35551197 PMCID: PMC9098632 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials become increasingly important in advanced optoelectronic and bioelectronic applications. Current phosphors based on small aromatic molecules show emission characteristics generally limited to short wavelengths. It remains an enormous challenge to achieve red and near-infrared (NIR) RTP, particularly for those from nonaromatics. Here we demonstrate that succinimide derived cyclic imides can emit RTP in the red (665, 690 nm) and NIR (745 nm) spectral range with high efficiencies of up to 9.2%. Despite their rather limited molecular conjugations, their unique emission stems from the presence of the imide unit and heavy atoms, effective molecular clustering, and the electron delocalization of halogens. We further demonstrate that the presence of heavy atoms like halogen or chalcogen atoms in these systems is important to facilitate intersystem crossing as well as to extend through-space conjugation and to enable rigidified conformations. This universal strategy paves the way to the design of nonconventional luminophores with long wavelength emission and for emerging applications. Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials become increasingly important but achieving red and near-infrared (NIR) RTP remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate that succinimide derived cyclic imides can emit RTP in the red and NIR spectral range with outstanding efficiencies of up to 9.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tianjia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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