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de Villiers M, Kotzé AF, du Plessis LH. Pneumatic extrusion bioprinting-based high throughput fabrication of a melanoma 3D cell culture model for anti-cancer drug screening. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055034. [PMID: 39025118 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad651f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The high incidence of malignant melanoma highlights the need forin vitromodels that accurately represent the tumour microenvironment, enabling developments in melanoma therapy and drug screening. Despite several advancements in 3D cell culture models, appropriate melanoma models for evaluating drug efficacy are still in high demand. The 3D pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting technology offers numerous benefits, including the ability to achieve high-throughput capabilities. However, there is a lack of research that combines pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting with analytical assays to enable efficient drug screening in 3D melanoma models. To address this gap, this study developed a simple and highly reproducible approach to fabricate a 3D A375 melanoma cell culture model using the pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting technology. To optimise this method, the bioprinting parameters for producing 3D cell cultures in a 96-well plate were adjusted to improve reproducibility while maintaining the desired droplet size and a cell viability of 92.13 ± 6.02%. The cross-linking method was optimised by evaluating cell viability and proliferation of the 3D bioprinted cells in three different concentrations of calcium chloride. The lower concentration of 50 mM resulted in higher cell viability and increased cell proliferation after 9 d of incubation. The A375 cells exhibited a steadier proliferation rate in the 3D bioprinted cell cultures, and tended to aggregate into spheroids, whereas the 2D cell cultures generally formed monolayered cell sheets. In addition, we evaluated the drug responses of four different anti-cancer drugs on the A375 cells in both the 2D and 3D cell cultures. The 3D cell cultures exhibited higher levels of drug resistance in all four tested anti-cancer drugs. This method presents a simple and cost-effective method of producing and analysing 3D cell culture models that do not add additional complexity to current assays and shows considerable potential for advancing 3D cell culture models' drug efficacy evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryke de Villiers
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Awie F Kotzé
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Lissinda H du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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2
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Wan X, Xiao Z, Tian Y, Chen M, Liu F, Wang D, Liu Y, Bartolo PJDS, Yan C, Shi Y, Zhao RR, Qi HJ, Zhou K. Recent Advances in 4D Printing of Advanced Materials and Structures for Functional Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312263. [PMID: 38439193 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
4D printing has attracted tremendous worldwide attention during the past decade. This technology enables the shape, property, or functionality of printed structures to change with time in response to diverse external stimuli, making the original static structures alive. The revolutionary 4D-printing technology offers remarkable benefits in controlling geometric and functional reconfiguration, thereby showcasing immense potential across diverse fields, including biomedical engineering, electronics, robotics, and photonics. Here, a comprehensive review of the latest achievements in 4D printing using various types of materials and different additive manufacturing techniques is presented. The state-of-the-art strategies implemented in harnessing various 4D-printed structures are highlighted, which involve materials design, stimuli, functionalities, and applications. The machine learning approach explored for 4D printing is also discussed. Finally, the perspectives on the current challenges and future trends toward further development in 4D printing are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wan
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhongmin Xiao
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yujia Tian
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mei Chen
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Paulo Jorge Da Silva Bartolo
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chunze Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ruike Renee Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hang Jerry Qi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kun Zhou
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Huskin G, Chen J, Davis T, Jun HW. Tissue-Engineered 3D In Vitro Disease Models for High-Throughput Drug Screening. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:523-538. [PMID: 36892736 PMCID: PMC10313592 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
During high-throughput drug screening, in vitro models are fabricated and the effects of therapeutics on the models evaluated in high throughput-for example, with automated liquid handling systems and microplate reader-based high-throughput screening (HTS) assays. The most frequently-used model systems for HTS, 2D models, do not adequately model the in vivo 3D microenvironment-an important aspect of which is the extracellular matrix-and therefore, 2D models may not be appropriate for drug screening. Instead, tissue-engineered 3D models with extracellular matrix-mimicking components are destined to become the preferred in vitro systems for HTS. However, for 3D models, such as 3D cell-laden hydrogels and scaffolds, cell sheets, and spheroids as well as 3D microfluidic and organ-on-a-chip systems, to replace 2D models in HTS, they must be compatible with high-throughput fabrication schemes and evaluation methods. In this review, we summarize HTS in 2D models and discuss recent studies that have successfully demonstrated HTS-compatible 3D models of high-impact diseases, such as cancers or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Huskin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Trenton Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Chinnakorn A, Nuansing W, Bodaghi M, Rolfe B, Zolfagharian A. Recent progress of 4D printing in cancer therapeutics studies. SLAS Technol 2023; 28:127-141. [PMID: 36804175 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a critical cause of global human death. Not only are complex approaches to cancer prognosis, accurate diagnosis, and efficient therapeutics concerned, but post-treatments like postsurgical or chemotherapeutical effects are also followed up. The four-dimensional (4D) printing technique has gained attention for its potential applications in cancer therapeutics. It is the next generation of the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, which facilitates the advanced fabrication of dynamic constructs like programmable shapes, controllable locomotion, and on-demand functions. As is well-known, it is still in the initial stage of cancer applications and requires the insight study of 4D printing. Herein, we present the first effort to report on 4D printing technology in cancer therapeutics. This review will illustrate the mechanisms used to induce the dynamic constructs of 4D printing in cancer management. The recent potential applications of 4D printing in cancer therapeutics will be further detailed, and future perspectives and conclusions will finally be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchara Chinnakorn
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Nuansing
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard Rolfe
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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5
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Noroozi R, Arif ZU, Taghvaei H, Khalid MY, Sahbafar H, Hadi A, Sadeghianmaryan A, Chen X. 3D and 4D Bioprinting Technologies: A Game Changer for the Biomedical Sector? Ann Biomed Eng 2023:10.1007/s10439-023-03243-9. [PMID: 37261588 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting is an innovative and emerging technology of additive manufacturing (AM) and has revolutionized the biomedical sector by printing three-dimensional (3D) cell-laden constructs in a precise and controlled manner for numerous clinical applications. This approach uses biomaterials and varying types of cells to print constructs for tissue regeneration, e.g., cardiac, bone, corneal, cartilage, neural, and skin. Furthermore, bioprinting technology helps to develop drug delivery and wound healing systems, bio-actuators, bio-robotics, and bio-sensors. More recently, the development of four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting technology and stimuli-responsive materials has transformed the biomedical sector with numerous innovations and revolutions. This issue also leads to the exponential growth of the bioprinting market, with a value over billions of dollars. The present study reviews the concepts and developments of 3D and 4D bioprinting technologies, surveys the applications of these technologies in the biomedical sector, and discusses their potential research topics for future works. It is also urged that collaborative and valiant efforts from clinicians, engineers, scientists, and regulatory bodies are needed for translating this technology into the biomedical, pharmaceutical, and healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Noroozi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zia Ullah Arif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Sialkot Campus, Lahore, 51041, Pakistan
| | - Hadi Taghvaei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khalid
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hossein Sahbafar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Hadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ali Sadeghianmaryan
- Postdoctoral Researcher Fellow at Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N5A9, Canada.
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N5A9, Canada
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Afzali Naniz M, Askari M, Zolfagharian A, Afzali Naniz M, Bodaghi M. 4D Printing: A Cutting-edge Platform for Biomedical Applications. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 36044881 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac8e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nature's materials have evolved over time to be able to respond to environmental stimuli by generating complex structures that can change their functions in response to distance, time, and direction of stimuli. A number of technical efforts are currently being made to improve printing resolution, shape fidelity, and printing speed to mimic the structural design of natural materials with three-dimensional (3D) printing. Unfortunately, this technology is limited by the fact that printed objects are static and cannot be reshaped dynamically in response to stimuli. In recent years, several smart materials have been developed that can undergo dynamic morphing in response to a stimulus, thus resolving this issue. Four-dimensional (4D) printing refers to a manufacturing process involving additive manufacturing, smart materials, and specific geometries. It has become an essential technology for biomedical engineering and has the potential to create a wide range of useful biomedical products. This paper will discuss the concept of 4D bioprinting and the recent developments in smart matrials, which can be actuated by different stimuli and be exploited to develop biomimetic materials and structures, with significant implications for pharmaceutics and biomedical research, as well as prospects for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moqaddaseh Afzali Naniz
- University of New South Wales, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mohsen Askari
- Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Manpus, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG11 8NS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- Engineering, Deakin University Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria, 3217, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mehrdad Afzali Naniz
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering , Nottingham Trent University - Clifton Campus, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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7
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Butelmann T, Gu Y, Li A, Tribukait-Riemenschneider F, Hoffmann J, Molazem A, Jaeger E, Pellegrini D, Forget A, Shastri VP. 3D Printed Solutions for Spheroid Engineering and Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158188. [PMID: 35897762 PMCID: PMC9331260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, cells are organized in a 3-dimensional framework and this is essential for organogenesis and tissue morphogenesis. Systems to recapitulate 3D cell growth are therefore vital for understanding development and cancer biology. Cells organized in 3D environments can evolve certain phenotypic traits valuable to physiologically relevant models that cannot be accessed in 2D culture. Cellular spheroids constitute an important aspect of in vitro tumor biology and they are usually prepared using the hanging drop method. Here a 3D printed approach is demonstrated to fabricate bespoke hanging drop devices for the culture of tumor cells. The design attributes of the hanging drop device take into account the need for high-throughput, high efficacy in spheroid formation, and automation. Specifically, in this study, custom-fit, modularized hanging drop devices comprising of inserts (Q-serts) were designed and fabricated using fused filament deposition (FFD). The utility of the Q-serts in the engineering of unicellular and multicellular spheroids-synthetic tumor microenvironment mimics (STEMs)—was established using human (cancer) cells. The culture of spheroids was automated using a pipetting robot and bioprinted using a custom bioink based on carboxylated agarose to simulate a tumor microenvironment (TME). The spheroids were characterized using light microscopy and histology. They showed good morphological and structural integrity and had high viability throughout the entire workflow. The systems and workflow presented here represent a user-focused 3D printing-driven spheroid culture platform which can be reliably reproduced in any research environment and scaled to- and on-demand. The standardization of spheroid preparation, handling, and culture should eliminate user-dependent variables, and have a positive impact on translational research to enable direct comparison of scientific findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Butelmann
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Yawei Gu
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Aijun Li
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Fabian Tribukait-Riemenschneider
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Julius Hoffmann
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Amin Molazem
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Ellen Jaeger
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Diana Pellegrini
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Aurelien Forget
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - V. Prasad Shastri
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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8
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Wang Y, Jeon H. 3D cell cultures toward quantitative high-throughput drug screening. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:569-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Zhang H, Chen Y, Fan C, Liu R, Huang J, Zhang Y, Tang C, Zhou B, Chen X, Ju W, Zhao Y, Han J, Wu P, Zhang S, Shen W, Yin Z, Chen X, Ouyang H. Cell-subpopulation alteration and FGF7 activation regulate the function of tendon stem/progenitor cells in 3D microenvironment revealed by single-cell analysis. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121238. [PMID: 34810035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) microenvironments more accurately replicate native microenvironments for stem cell maintenance and function compared with two dimensional (2D) microenvironments. However, the molecular mechanisms by which 3D microenvironments regulate stem cell function remain largely unexplored at the single-cell level. Here, using a single-cell analysis and functional analysis, we found not all cell-subpopulations respond to 3D microenvironments based on a systematically 3D gelatin microcarrier culture system we developed for the expansion and function maintenance of hTSPCs. 3D microenvironments alter the cell-subpopulation distribution of human tendon stem/progenitor cells (hTSPCs) by improving the proportion of ICAM1+ITGB8+ and FGF7+CYGB+ subpopulations. We also revealed the activated FGF7 signaling in the two subpopulations is responsible for the enhanced tenogenesis of hTSPCs through cell-cell interactions. The hTSPCs cultured in 3D niche with a specific cell-subpopulation structure exhibited superior stem-cell characteristics and functions both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our study demonstrates that 3D microenvironments can regulate stem-cell function by modulating the critical cell subpopulation and identifies FGF7 as a novel regulator for tenogenic differentiation and tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangwu Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Richun Liu
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiayun Huang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenqi Tang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Ju
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Han
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Peishan Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute & School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
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10
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Agarwal T, Hann SY, Chiesa I, Cui H, Celikkin N, Micalizzi S, Barbetta A, Costantini M, Esworthy T, Zhang LG, De Maria C, Maiti TK. 4D printing in biomedical applications: emerging trends and technologies. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7608-7632. [PMID: 34586145 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nature's material systems during evolution have developed the ability to respond and adapt to environmental stimuli through the generation of complex structures capable of varying their functions across direction, distances and time. 3D printing technologies can recapitulate structural motifs present in natural materials, and efforts are currently being made on the technological side to improve printing resolution, shape fidelity, and printing speed. However, an intrinsic limitation of this technology is that printed objects are static and thus inadequate to dynamically reshape when subjected to external stimuli. In recent years, this issue has been addressed with the design and precise deployment of smart materials that can undergo a programmed morphing in response to a stimulus. The term 4D printing was coined to indicate the combined use of additive manufacturing, smart materials, and careful design of appropriate geometries. In this review, we report the recent progress in the design and development of smart materials that are actuated by different stimuli and their exploitation within additive manufacturing to produce biomimetic structures with important repercussions in different but interrelated biomedical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India.
| | - Sung Yun Hann
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Irene Chiesa
- Research Center "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Nehar Celikkin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry - Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Simone Micalizzi
- Research Center "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Barbetta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry - Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. .,Department of Electrical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Center "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India.
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11
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3D and 4D printing: From innovation to evolution. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102482. [PMID: 34274721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The world and science are moving forward nonstop. Every day, we see novel technologies that are coming to improve life quality. One of them is 3D printing or additive manufacturing. This technology covers the shortage of the current manufacturing technologies, and it has been enhanced by introducing smart materials like smart polymers as feed. The following product can adapt to circumstance conditions such as temperature changes, compression alteration, etc. These responses resulted in an advanced 3D printing technology called 4D printing. 3D and 4D printing technologies found their applications in all areas and industry sizes, from home-scale to large-scale industries. Regardless of all advantages of these technologies, there are still some shortages like low printing speed. But this never stops their progression and promotion. In this review, we aimed to cover general knowledge about 3D and 4D printing and their recent applications in various fields.
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12
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Wang J, Xia Z, Liu J, Zhang N, Zhou W, Zhong Z, Luo Z, Li W, Yang Z, Hu Y. Facile fabrication of near‐infrared light‐responsive shape memory nanocomposite scaffolds with hierarchical porous structures. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingguang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Zemin Xia
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Naiyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Wuyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Zichong Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhitian Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Wuhan Engineering Science and Technology Institute Wuhan China
| | - Zhuohong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Key laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
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13
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Han D, Wang Y, Yang C, Lee H. Multimaterial Printing for Cephalopod-Inspired Light-Responsive Artificial Chromatophores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12735-12745. [PMID: 33390008 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cephalopods use chromatophores distributed on their soft skin to change skin color and its pattern. Each chromatophore consists of a central sac containing pigment granules and radial muscles surrounding the sac. The contraction of the radial muscle causes the central sac to expand in area, making the color of the pigment more visible. With the chromatophores actuating individually, cephalopods can create extremely complex skin color patterns, which they utilize for exquisite functions including camouflage and communication. Inspired by this mechanism, we present an artificial chromatophore that can modulate its color pattern in response to light. Multimaterial projection microstereolithography is used to integrate three functional components including a photoactive hydrogel composite with polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs), acrylic acid hydrogel, and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. In order to generate light-driven actuation of the artificial chromatophore, the photothermal effect of the PDA-NPs, light-responsive deformation of the photoactive hydrogel composite, and the produced mechanical stresses are studied. Mechanical properties and interfacial bonding strengths between different materials are also investigated to ensure structural integrity during actuation. We demonstrate pattern modulation of the light-responsive artificial chromatophores (LACs) with the projection of different light patterns. The LAC may suggest a new concept for various engineering applications such as the camouflage interface, biophotonic device, and flexible display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehoon Han
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yueping Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Howon Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, United States
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