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Yu Z, He W, Hu S, Ren Z, Wan S, Cheng X, Hu Y, Jiang T. Creating Anti-Chiral Exceptional Points in Non-Hermitian Metasurfaces for Efficient Terahertz Switching. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402615. [PMID: 38757557 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Non-Hermitian degeneracies, also known as exceptional points (EPs), have presented remarkable singular characteristics such as the degeneracy of eigenvalues and eigenstates and enable limitless opportunities for achieving fascinating phenomena in EP photonic systems. Here, the general theoretical framework and experimental verification of a non-Hermitian metasurface that holds a pair of anti-chiral EPs are proposed as a novel approach for efficient terahertz (THz) switching. First, based on the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase and unitary transformation, it is discovered that the coupling variation of ±1 spin eigenstates will lead to asymmetric modulation in two orthogonal linear polarizations (LP). Through loss-induced merging of a pair of anti-chiral EPs, the decoupling of ±1 spin eigenstates are then successfully realized in a non-Hermitian metasurface. Final, the efficient THz modulation is experimentally demonstrated, which exhibits modulation depth exceeding 70% and Off-On-Off switching cycle less than 9 ps in one LP while remains unaffected in another one. Compared with conventional THz modulation devices, the metadevice shows several figures of merits, such as a single frequency operation, high modulation depth, and ultrafast switching speed. The proposed theory and loss-induced non-Hermitian device are general and can be extended to numerous photonic systems varying from microwave, THz, infrared, to visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Weibao He
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Siyang Hu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Ziheng Ren
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Shun Wan
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiang'ai Cheng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Hu
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
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2
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Ouyang X, Du K, Zeng Y, Song Q, Xiao S. Nanostructure-based orbital angular momentum encryption and multiplexing. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38616650 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00547c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The orthogonality among the OAM modes provides a new degree of freedom for optical multiplexing communications. So far, traditional Dammann gratings and spatial light modulators (SLMs) have been widely used to generate OAM beams by modulating electromagnetic waves at each pixel. However, such architectures suffer from limitations in terms of having a resolution of only a few microns and the bulkiness of the entire optical system. With the rapid development of the electromagnetic theory and advanced nanofabrication methods, artificial nanostructures, especially optical metasurfaces, have been introduced which greatly shrink the size of OAM multiplexing devices while increasing the level of integration. This review focuses on the study of encryption, multiplexing and demultiplexing of OAM beams based on nanostructure platforms. After introducing the focusing characteristics of OAM beams, the interaction mechanism between OAM beams and nanostructures is discussed. The physical phenomena of helical dichroism response and spatial separation of OAM beams achieved through nanostructures, setting the stage for OAM encryption and multiplexing, are reviewed. Afterward, the further advancements and potential applications of nanophotonics-based OAM multiplexing are deliberated. Finally, the challenges of conventional design methods and dynamic tunable techniques for nanostructure-based OAM multiplexing technology are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ouyang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Kang Du
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yixuan Zeng
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Qinghai Song
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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3
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Zeng P, Yang F, Chen Z, Wei Y, Cao A, Wen L, Zhong S, Wang Y, Zhang T, Li Y. Antielectric Potential Synthesis of Plasmonic Au-Ag Multidimensional Dimers Array for High-Resolution Encrypted Information. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3793-3800. [PMID: 38484388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic superstructures hold great potential in encrypted information chips but are still unsatisfactory in terms of resolution and maneuverability because of the limited fabrication strategies. Here, we develop an antielectric potential method in which the interfacial energy from the modification of 5-amino-2-mercapto benzimidazole (AMBI) ligand is used to overcome the electric resistance between the Au nanospheres (NSs) and substrate, thereby realizing the in situ growth of a Au-Ag heterodimers array in large scale. The morphology, number, and size of Ag domains on Au units can be controlled well by modulating the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics. Experiments and theoretical simulations reveal that patterned 3D Au-2D Ag and 3D Au-3D Ag dimer arrays with line widths of 400 nm exhibit cerulean and cyan colors, respectively, and achieve fine color modulation and ultrahigh information resolution. This work not only develops a facile strategy for fabricating patterned plasmonic superstructures but also pushes the plasmon-based high-resolution encrypted information chip into more complex applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zeng
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - An Cao
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Wen
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Shichuan Zhong
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yue Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
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4
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Wu Y, Liu L, Bo G, Li Q, Dai C, Li Z, Zhang J, Zhang X. Configurable swellability of hydrogel microstructure for structural-color-based imaging concealment/encryption. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4289-4298. [PMID: 38349138 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05606f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Optical information concealment/encryption technologies are of great importance to structural color applications. Although a series of responsive materials have been developed for dynamic structural color, the shortcomings of the high-quality synthesis process, the complex controlling method, and the low-resolution capability limit their practical use. Herein, we proposed a novel strategy of humidity-driven structural-color-based imaging concealment/encryption by utilizing metal-hydrogel-metal (MHM) nanocavities with configurable swellablity response to humidity change. With varied exposure doses, multi-stage MHM nanocavities with swellable hydrogel interlayers are achieved, generating dynamic structural color covering the visible spectrum. We revealed that the swelling ratio of hydrogel microstructures can be gradually adjusted between 1.05 and 2.08 by varying the exposure dose. We demonstrated that a hydrogel-based structural color image can be concealed with humidity changes by configurating swellable and non-swellable hydrogel pixels together. Furthermore, we developed the double exposure method in which the first exposure can generate pixel arrays for the deceptive image and the second exposure can locally suppress the swellablity of certain pixels. This method can highlight hidden images in a moist state, demonstrating a powerful strategy for high-density optical information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Wu
- International Research Center for EM Metamaterials and Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Lanlan Liu
- International Research Center for EM Metamaterials and Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Guohao Bo
- International Research Center for EM Metamaterials and Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chenjie Dai
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- International Research Center for EM Metamaterials and Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- International Research Center for EM Metamaterials and Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
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5
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Cai G, Li Y, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Chen Y, Qu G, Zhang X, Xiao S, Han J, Yu S, Kivshar Y, Song Q. Compact angle-resolved metasurface spectrometer. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:71-78. [PMID: 37919349 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Light scattered or radiated from a material carries valuable information on the said material. Such information can be uncovered by measuring the light field at different angles and frequencies. However, this technique typically requires a large optical apparatus, hampering the widespread use of angle-resolved spectroscopy beyond the lab. Here we demonstrate compact angle-resolved spectral imaging by combining a tunable metasurface-based spectrometer array and a metalens. With this approach, even with a miniaturized spectrometer footprint of only 4 × 4 μm2, we demonstrate a wavelength accuracy of 0.17 nm, spectral resolution of 0.4 nm and a linear dynamic range of 149 dB. Moreover, our spectrometer has a detection limit of 1.2 fJ, and can be patterned to an array for spectral imaging. Placing such a spectrometer array directly at the back focal plane of a metalens, we achieve an angular resolution of 4.88 × 10-3 rad. Our angle-resolved spectrometers empowered by metalenses can be employed towards enhancing advanced optical imaging and spectral analysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Cai
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhao Li
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Jiang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimu Chen
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyang Qu
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiecai Han
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghai Song
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Xiong J, Zhang ZH, Li Z, Zheng P, Li J, Zhang X, Gao Z, Wei Z, Zheng G, Wang SP, Liu HC. Perovskite single-pixel detector for dual-color metasurface imaging recognition in complex environment. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:286. [PMID: 38008796 PMCID: PMC10679139 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient multi-dimensional data storage and extraction are two primary ends for the design and fabrication of emerging optical materials. Although metasurfaces show great potential in information storage due to their modulation for different degrees of freedom of light, a compact and efficient detector for relevant multi-dimensional data retrieval is still a challenge, especially in complex environments. Here, we demonstrate a multi-dimensional image storage and retrieval process by using a dual-color metasurface and a double-layer integrated perovskite single-pixel detector (DIP-SPD). Benefitting from the photoelectric response characteristics of the FAPbBr2.4I0.6 and FAPbI3 films and their stacked structure, our filter-free DIP-SPD can accurately reconstruct different colorful images stored in a metasurface within a single-round measurement, even in complex environments with scattering media or strong background noise. Our work not only provides a compact, filter-free, and noise-robust detector for colorful image extraction in a metasurface, but also paves the way for color imaging application of perovskite-like bandgap tunable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Xiong
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zile Li
- Electronic Information School, and School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peixia Zheng
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Electronic Information School, and School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhipeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Electronic Information School, and School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shuang-Peng Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Hong-Chao Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
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7
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Wei X, Nong J, Zhang Y, Ma H, Huang R, Yuan Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Yang J. Sb 2S 3-Based Dynamically Tuned Color Filter Array via Genetic Algorithm. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091452. [PMID: 37176996 PMCID: PMC10180207 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Color displays have become increasingly attractive, with dielectric optical nanoantennas demonstrating especially promising applications due to the high refractive index of the material, enabling devices to support geometry-dependent Mie resonance in the visible band. Although many structural color designs based on dielectric nanoantennas employ the method of artificial positive adjustment, the design cycle is too lengthy and the approach is non-intelligent. The commonly used phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) is characterized by high absorption and a small contrast to the real part of the refractive index in the visible light band, thereby restricting its application in this range. The Sb2S3 phase change material is endowed with a wide band gap of 1.7 to 2 eV, demonstrating two orders of magnitude lower propagation loss compared to GST, when integrated onto a silicon waveguide, and exhibiting a maximum refractive index contrast close to 1 at 614 nm. Thus, Sb2S3 is a more suitable phase change material than GST for tuning visible light. In this paper, genetic algorithms and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions are combined and introduced as Sb2S3 phase change material to design nanoantennas. Structural color is generated in the reflection mode through the Mie resonance inside the structure, and the properties of Sb2S3 in different phase states are utilized to achieve tunability. Compared to traditional methods, genetic algorithms are superior-optimization algorithms that require low computational effort and a high population performance. Furthermore, Sb2S3 material can be laser-induced to switch the transitions of the crystallized and amorphous states, achieving reversible color. The large chromatic aberration ∆E modulation of 64.8, 28.1, and 44.1 was, respectively, achieved by the Sb2S3 phase transition in this paper. Moreover, based on the sensitivity of the structure to the incident angle, it can also be used in fields such as angle-sensitive detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jie Nong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hansi Ma
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Rixing Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenkun Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenfu Zhang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junbo Yang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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8
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Liao J, Ji C, Yuan L, Huang C, Wang Y, Peng J, Luo X. Polarization-Insensitive Metasurface Cloak for Dynamic Illusions with an Electromagnetic Transparent Window. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16953-16962. [PMID: 36867759 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial camouflage has garnered long-standing interest in both academia and industry. The metasurface-based cloak has attracted much attention due to the powerful capability of manipulating the electromagnetic wave, convenient multifunctional integration design, and easy fabrication. However, existing metasurface-based cloaks tend to be passive and of single function and monopolarization, which cannot meet the requirement of applications in ever-changing environments. So far, it is still challenging to realize a reconfigurable full-polarization metasurface cloak with multifunctional integration. Herein, we proposed an innovative metasurface cloak, which can simultaneously realize dynamic illusion effects at lower frequencies (e.g., 4.35 GHz) and specific microwave transparency at higher frequencies (e.g., X band) for communication with the outside environment. These electromagnetic functionalities are demonstrated by both numerical simulations and experimental measurements. The simulation and measurement results agree well with each other, indicating that our metasurface cloak can generate various electromagnetic illusions for full polarizations as well as a polarization-insensitive transparent window for the signal transmission to enable the communication between the cloaked device and the outside environment. It is believed that our design can offer powerful camouflage tactics to address the stealth problem in ever-changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
| | - Liming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuetang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
| | - Jinqiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
| | - Xiangang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Wan S, Dai C, Li Z, Deng L, Shi Y, Hu W, Zheng G, Zhang S, Li Z. Toward Water-Immersion Programmable Meta-Display. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205581. [PMID: 36529952 PMCID: PMC9929123 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heading toward next-generation intelligent display, dynamic control capability for meta-devices is critical for real world applications. Beyond the conventional electrical/optical/mechanical/thermal tuning methods, liquid immersion recently has emerged as a facile tuning mechanism which is easily accessible (especially water) and practically implementable for large tuning area. However, due to the longstanding and critical drawback of lacking independent-encoding capability, the state-of-art immersion approach remains incapable of pixel-level programmable switching. Here a water-immersion tuning scheme with pixel-scale programmability for dynamic meta-displays is proposed. Tunable meta-pixels can be engineered to construct spectral selective patterns at prior-/post- immersion states, such that a metasurface enables pixel-level transforming animations for dynamic multifield meta-displays, including near-field dual-nanoprints and far-field dual-holographic displays. The proposed water-immersion programmable approach for meta-display, benefitting from its large tuning area, facile operation and strong repeatability, may find a revolutionary path toward next-generation intelligent display with practical applications in dynamic display/encryption, information anticounterfeit/storage, and optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wan
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Chenjie Dai
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Liangui Deng
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Hu
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum TechnologyWuhan430206P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of PhysicsThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Electronic Information SchoolWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum TechnologyWuhan430206P. R. China
- School of MicroelectronicsWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
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10
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Dirdal CA, Milenko K, Summanwar A, Dullo FT, Thrane PCV, Rasoga O, Avram AM, Dinescu A, Baracu AM. UV-Nanoimprint and Deep Reactive Ion Etching of High Efficiency Silicon Metalenses: High Throughput at Low Cost with Excellent Resolution and Repeatability. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:436. [PMID: 36770397 PMCID: PMC9920157 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As metasurfaces begin to find industrial applications there is a need to develop scalable and cost-effective fabrication techniques which offer sub-100 nm resolution while providing high throughput and large area patterning. Here we demonstrate the use of UV-Nanoimprint Lithography and Deep Reactive Ion Etching (Bosch and Cryogenic) towards this goal. Robust processes are described for the fabrication of silicon rectangular pillars of high pattern fidelity. To demonstrate the quality of the structures, metasurface lenses, which demonstrate diffraction limited focusing and close to theoretical efficiency for NIR wavelengths λ ∈ (1.3 μm, 1.6 μm), are fabricated. We demonstrate a process which removes the characteristic sidewall surface roughness of the Bosch process, allowing for smooth 90-degree vertical sidewalls. We also demonstrate that the optical performance of the metasurface lenses is not affected adversely in the case of Bosch sidewall surface roughness with 45 nm indentations (or scallops). Next steps of development are defined for achieving full wafer coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina Milenko
- SINTEF Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0737 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anand Summanwar
- SINTEF Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0737 Oslo, Norway
| | - Firehun T. Dullo
- SINTEF Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0737 Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul C. V. Thrane
- SINTEF Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0737 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oana Rasoga
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Andrei M. Avram
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Adrian Dinescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Angela M. Baracu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
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11
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Hong Y, Liu H, Guo J, Dai Q, Wei Z. Three-Channel Metasurfaces for Multi-Wavelength Holography and Nanoprinting. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:183. [PMID: 36616093 PMCID: PMC9824896 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces, employed to simultaneously generate nanoprinting and holographic images, have been extensively explored recently. Among them, multi-wavelength multiplexing in a single metasurface is often accompanied by dispersion and crosstalk, which hinder the display of multicolor patterns. Here, we propose an efficient phase method to decouple the wavelength and realize a three-channel display operating at different wavelengths. Holographic images appear in the far field with the illumination of two different circularly polarized lights while a nanoprinting image is reconstructed by inserting an orthogonal optical path with the illumination of linear polarization light. The proposed metasurface is only composed of four types of unit cells, which significantly decreases the complexity of fabrication and improves the information capacity. Benefiting from its different decoding strategies and capability of multi-wavelength control, this approach may develop broad applications in information encryption, security, and color display.
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12
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Dai C, Wang Z, Shi Y, Li Z, Li Z. Scalable Hydrogel-Based Nanocavities for Switchable Meta-Holography with Dynamic Color Printing. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9990-9996. [PMID: 36490382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Devices used for meta-optics display are currently undergoing a revolutionary transition from static to dynamic. Despite various tuning strategy demonstrations such as mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal tunings, a longstanding challenge for their practical application has been the achievement of a conveniently accessible real-life tuning scheme for realizing versatile functionality dynamics outside the laboratory. In this study, we demonstrate a practical tuning strategy to realize a dynamic color printing with a switchable meta-holography exhibition based on hydrogel-based nanocavities. On the basis of the inflation sensitivity of a hydrogel to humidity alteration, its transmissive color was notably tuned from 450 to 750 nm. More intriguingly, by controlling the sample dry/immersed states in real time, we successfully enabled dual-channel switchable meta-holography. With the advantages of facile architecture, daily stimulus with large-area modulation, and high chromaticity, our proposed hydrogel-based nanocavities provide a promising path toward tunable display/encryption, optical sensors, and next-generation display technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Dai
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zejing Wang
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
- School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Suzhou 215123, China
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13
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Wang X, Cui Y, Ren B, Tang S, Wu J, Jiang Y. Metalens for generating multi-channel polarization-wavelength multiplexing metasurface holograms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:47856-47866. [PMID: 36558704 DOI: 10.1364/oe.477190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate multi-channel metasurface holograms, where the pixels of holographic images are represented by the focal points of metalens, leading to the nanoscale resolution. The required phase profiles are implemented by elaborately arranging the hybrid all-dielectric meta-atoms with specific orientation angles. For verification, two-channel single-color images are reconstructed on the focal plane of the metalens by polarization control. Alternatively, three-channel color holograms are exhibited by manipulating the incident wavelengths. More uniquely, the metalens can be further engineered to generate polarization-wavelength multiplexing color holograms in six channels. Our work provides an effective approach to reconstructing holographic images and enables potential applications including color display, information engineering, and optical encryption.
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14
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Jiang L, Li Y, Zheng L, Yuan Q, Zhu Z, Wan W, Wang H, Pang Y, Wang J, Wang W, Cui T, Qu S. Smart Metasurface for Active and Passive Cooperative Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54359-54368. [PMID: 36441977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Integrating active and passive manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves has significant advantages for the caliber synthesis of microwave and optical integrated devices. In previous schemes, most reported designs focus only on active ways of manipulating self-radiating EM waves, such as antennas and lasers, or passive ways of manipulating external incident EM waves, such as lenses and photonic crystals. Here, we proposed a paradigm that integrates active and passive manipulation of EM waves in a reconfigurable way. As demonstrated, circularly polarized, linearly polarized, and elliptically polarized waves with customized beams are achieved in passive operation by merging Pancharatnam-Berry phases and dynamic phases, while the radiating EM waves with a customized gain are achieved by coupling the coding elements with the radiation structure in the active manipulation. Either active or passive manipulation is determined by the sensed signals and operating state to reduce detectability. Encouragingly, the proposed strategy will excite new sensing and communication opportunities, enabling advanced conceptions for next-generation compact EM devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves. Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhibiao Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weipeng Wan
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha410072, China
| | - He Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqiang Pang
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao-tong University, Xi'an710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiejun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves. Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Shaobo Qu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-structured Functional Materials and Devices, Airforce Engineering University, Xi'an710051, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Li Z, Wan C, Dai C, Li Z. Immersion-Triggered Active Switch for Spin-Decoupled Meta-Optics Multi-Display. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205041. [PMID: 36316231 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Meta-optics exhibits many promising applications in various fields of optical displays, imaging, and information encryption. However, heading towards next-generation intelligent displays, its broad implementation is critically restricted by the lack of practical active tuning capability. Beyond the conventional electrical/optical/mechanical/thermal tuning methods, liquid immersion has recently emerged as a facile mechanism for active spectral tuning. To further conquer the challenge in achieving active complicated optical-field manipulation, here, an environment-compliant switch for meta-optics multi-display is originally proposed and experimentally realized via the liquid immersion tuning scheme. By designing the spin-decoupled phase array for left-/right-handed circular polarizations, it flexibly presents quad-fold independent-encoded phase distributions for different medium-relevant and polarization-controlled channels, thus enabling four switchable holographic images through immersion tuning. Such a proposed immersion tuning design is quite a straightforward approach for meta-optics holographic displays, enjoying full-spatial usage, design flexibility, and large-scale facile implementation. Overall, the proposed liquid immersion tuning strategy for a meta-optics multi-display would strongly benefit the practical applications in biochemical sensing, environment-adaptive displays, and information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Wan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, P. R. China
| | - Chenjie Dai
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, P. R. China
- School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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16
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Ho J, Dong Z, Leong HS, Zhang J, Tjiptoharsono F, Daqiqeh Rezaei S, Goh KCH, Wu M, Li S, Chee J, Wong CPY, Kuznetsov AI, Yang JK. Miniaturizing color-sensitive photodetectors via hybrid nanoantennas toward submicrometer dimensions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd3868. [PMID: 36417508 PMCID: PMC9683717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Digital camera sensors use color filters on photodiodes to achieve color selectivity. As the color filters and photosensitive silicon layers are separate elements, these sensors suffer from optical cross-talk, which sets limits to the minimum pixel size. Here, we report hybrid silicon-aluminum nanostructures in the extreme limit of zero distance between color filters and sensors. This design could essentially achieve submicrometer pixel dimensions and minimize the optical cross-talk arising from tilt illuminations. The designed hybrid silicon-aluminum nanostructure has dual functionalities. Crucially, it supports a hybrid Mie-plasmon resonance of magnetic dipole to achieve color-selective light absorption, generating electron hole pairs. Simultaneously, the silicon-aluminum interface forms a Schottky barrier for charge separation and photodetection. This design potentially replaces the traditional dye-based filters for camera sensors at ultrahigh pixel densities with advanced functionalities in sensing polarization and directionality, and UV selectivity via interband plasmons of silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Ho
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hai Sheng Leong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Febiana Tjiptoharsono
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soroosh Daqiqeh Rezaei
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ken Choon Hwa Goh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mengfei Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiqiang Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingyee Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Calvin Pei Yu Wong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arseniy I. Kuznetsov
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel K. W. Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Deng J, Deng L, Zhou Z, Gao F, Lv B, Du M, Yan B. Single-sized multifunctional metasurfaces for simultaneous nanoprinting and holography inspired by tri-redundancy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:29161-29172. [PMID: 36299097 DOI: 10.1364/oe.465031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional metasurfaces, where multiple functions can be integrated into a piece of metasurface, are preferably desired for compact systems with higher integration and subwavelength footprint. Particularly, metasurfaces for simultaneous nanoprinting and holography are one of the promising directions of development image display and information hiding in meta-devices. Here, inspired by tri-redundancy, a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach is proposed for generating a nanoprinting image in the near field and holographic image in the far field simultaneously, which can solve the extremum-mapping problem existing in single-sized scheme without increasing the complexity of the nanostructures. The tri-redundancy of image recognition, hologram designing and intensity modulation introduce an extra degree of freedom, which helps to find a balance between the two types of meta-images generated by utilizing the simulated annealing algorithm. A multifunctional metasurface composed of single-sized silver nanobricks with in-plane orientation has been fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility of encoding a binary image in the near field while reconstructing a 16-steps holographic image without twin-image in the far field. This multifunctional metasurface has flexible working modes, broadband working window and large robustness for fabrication errors, and it provides a simple design scheme for multifunctional integration. We expect it can empower advanced research and applications in high-end optical anticounterfeiting, image hiding and so on.
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18
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Abstract
Structural color has been regarded as an ideal alternative to pigments because of the advantages of environmental friendliness, resistance to fading, and dynamic regulation. Responsive structural color can give real-time visible feedback to external stimuli and thus has great prospects in many applications, such as displays, sensing, anticounterfeiting, information storage, and healthcare monitoring. In this Perspective, we elucidate basic concepts, controllable fabrications, and promising applications of responsive structural colors. In particular, we systematically summarize the general regulation mode of all kinds of responsive structural color systems. First, we introduce the basic chromogenic structures as well as the regulation modes of responsive structural color. Second, we present the fabrication methods of patterned structural color. Then, the promising applications of responsive structural color systems are highlighted in detail. Finally, we present the existing challenges and future perspectives on responsive structural colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fuzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P.R. China
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19
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Zhang H, Sha X, Chen Q, Cheng J, Ji Z, Song Q, Yu S, Xiao S. All-Dielectric Metasurface-Enabled Multiple Vortex Emissions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109255. [PMID: 35128735 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
On-chip integrated micro- and nanoscale vortex lasers are key elements for addressing the exponentially growing demand for information capacity. Although tunable vortex microlasers have been reported, each laser pulse still possesses one particular topological charge and requires additional multiplexing. In this study, the simultaneous generation of coherent laser arrays with different topological charges by combining metalenses with semiconductor microlasers is demonstrated. A TiO2 vortex metalens converts two orbital angular momentum beams into the same diffraction-limit spot with opposite circular polarizations through spin-to-orbital conversion. Consequently, the microlaser emission at the focal spot, which can be decomposed into two circularly polarized beams, is collimated into vortex microlaser beams with two different topological charges through a time-reversal process. This concept is extended to a 2 × 2 metalens array by introducing off-axis terms, and eight topological charges are produced simultaneously. This research is a significant step toward the on-chip integration of micro- and nanolasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xinbo Sha
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qinmiao Chen
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Cheng
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ziheng Ji
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qinghai Song
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P. R. China
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