1
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Gu ZY, Cao JM, Li K, Guo JZ, Wang XT, Zheng SH, Zhao XX, Li B, Li SY, Li WL, Wu XL. 2D Exfoliation Chemistry Towards Covalent Pseudo-Layered Phosphate Framework Derived by Radical/Strain-Synergistical Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402371. [PMID: 38763920 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
2D compounds exfoliated from weakly bonded bulk materials with van der Waals (vdW) interaction are easily accessible. However, the strong internal ionic/covalent bonding of most inorganic crystal frameworks greatly hinders 2D material exfoliation. Herein, we first proposed a radical/strain-synergistic strategy to exfoliate non-vdW interacting pseudo-layered phosphate framework. Specifically, hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) distort the covalent bond irreversibly, meanwhile, H2O molecules as solvents, further accelerating interlayered ionic bond breakage but mechanical expansion. The innovative 2D laminar NASICON-type Na3V2(PO4)2O2F crystal, exfoliated by ⋅OH/H2O synergistic strategy, exhibits enhanced sodium-ion storage capacity, high-rate performance (85.7 mAh g-1 at 20 C), cyclic life (2300 cycles), and ion migration rates, compared with the bulk framework. Importantly, this chemical/physical dual driving technique realized the effective exfoliation for strongly coupled pseudo-layered frameworks, which accelerates 2D functional material development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yi Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Ming Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Zhi Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Shuo-Hang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Long Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
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2
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Cao W, Liu M, Song W, Li Z, Li B, Wang P, Fisher A, Niu J, Wang F. Regulating Sodium Deposition Behavior by a Triple-Gradient Framework for High-Performance Sodium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402321. [PMID: 38889333 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of a self-supporting carbon framework (denoted Gra-GC-MoSe2) is proposed with a triple-gradient structure-in sodiophilic sites, pore volume, and electrical conductivity-which facilitates the highly efficient regulation of Na deposition. In situ and ex situ measurements, together with theoretical calculations, reveal that the gradient distribution of Se heteroatoms in MoSe2, and its derivatives tailor the sodiophilicity, while the gradient distribution of porous nanostructures homogenizes the Na+ diffusion. Therefore, Na deposition occurs from the bottom to the top of the Gra-GC-MoSe2 framework without dendrite formation. In addition, the gradient in electrical conductivity ensures the stripping process does not lead to dead Na. As a result, a Gra-GC-MoSe2 modified Na anode (Na@Gra-GC-MoSe2) shows impressive cycling stability with a high average Coulombic efficiency in an asymmetric cell. In symmetric cells, it also exhibits a long cycling life of 2000 h with a low polarization voltage and works stably even under a large capacity of 10 mAh cm-2. Moreover, a Na@Gra-GC-MoSe2|| Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell delivers a high energy density with an excellent cycling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Liu
- China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Weihao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bingyang Li
- China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Adrian Fisher
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK
| | - Jin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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3
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He X, Ni Y, Ma W, Zhang Q, Hao Z, Hou Y, Li H, Yan Z, Zhang K, Chen J. PVDF-HFP@Nafion-based quasisolid polymer electrolyte for high migration number in working rechargeable Na-O 2 batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320012121. [PMID: 38809713 PMCID: PMC11161764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320012121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Rechargeable sodium-oxygen (Na-O2) battery is deemed as a promising high-energy storage device due to the abundant sodium resources and high theoretical energy density (1,108 Wh kg-1). A series of quasisolid electrolytes are constantly being designed to restrain the dendrites growth, the volatile and leaking risks of liquid electrolytes due to the open system of Na-O2 batteries. However, the ticklish problem about low operating current density for quasisolid electrolytes still hasn't been conquered. Herein, we report a rechargeable Na-O2 battery with polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene recombination Nafion (PVDF-HFP@Nafion) based quasisolid polymer electrolyte (QPE) and MXene-based Na anode with gradient sodiophilic structure (M-GSS/Na). QPE displays good flame resistance, locking liquid and hydrophobic properties. The introduction of Nafion can lead to a high Na+ migration number (tNa+ = 0.68) by blocking the motion of anion and promote the formation of NaF-rich solid electrolyte interphase, resulting in excellent cycling stability at relatively high current density under quasisolid environment. In the meantime, the M-GSS/Na anode exhibits excellent dendrite inhibition ability and cycling stability. Therefore, with the synergistic effect of QPE and M-GSS/Na, constructed Na-O2 batteries run more stably and exhibit a low potential gap (0.166 V) after an initial 80 cycles at 1,000 mA g-1 and 1,000 mAh g-1. This work provides the reference basis for building quasisolid state Na-O2 batteries with long-term cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, China
| | - Youxuan Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Wenjiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Zhenkun Hao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
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4
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Wang X, Lu J, Wu Y, Zheng W, Zhang H, Bai T, Liu H, Li D, Ci L. Building Stable Anodes for High-Rate Na-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311256. [PMID: 38181436 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Due to low cost and high energy density, sodium metal batteries (SMBs) have attracted growing interest, with great potential to power future electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile electronics, which require rapid charge/discharge capability. However, the development of high-rate SMBs has been impeded by the sluggish Na+ ion kinetics, particularly at the sodium metal anode (SMA). The high-rate operation severely threatens the SMA stability, due to the unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI), the Na dendrite growth, and large volume changes during Na plating-stripping cycles, leading to rapid electrochemical performance degradations. This review surveys key challenges faced by high-rate SMAs, and highlights representative stabilization strategies, including the general modification of SMB components (including the host, Na metal surface, electrolyte, separator, and cathode), and emerging solutions with the development of solid-state SMBs and liquid metal anodes; the working principle, performance, and application of these strategies are elaborated, to reduce the Na nucleation energy barriers and promote Na+ ion transfer kinetics for stable high-rate Na metal anodes. This review will inspire further efforts to stabilize SMAs and other metal (e.g., Li, K, Mg, Zn) anodes, promoting high-rate applications of high-energy metal batteries towards a more sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingyu Lu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yehui Wu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tiansheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Deping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lijie Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Zhao X, Chen Y, Niu R, Tang Y, Chen Y, Su H, Yang Z, Jing X, Guan H, Gao R, Meng L. NIR Plasmonic Nanozymes: Synergistic Enhancement Mechanism and Multi-Modal Anti-Infection Applications of MXene/MOFs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307839. [PMID: 37812814 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes are considered as the promising antimicrobial agents due to the enzyme-like activity for chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT). However, it remains a challenge to develop novel nanozyme systems for achieving stimuli-responsive, and efficient nanozyme catalysis with multimodal synergistic enhancement. In this work, a near-infrared (NIR) plasmonic-enhanced nanozyme catalysis and photothermal performance for effective antimicrobial applications are proposed. A Ti3 C2 MXene/Fe-MOFs composite (MXM) with NIR plasmonic-enhanced CDT combined with photothermal properties is successfully developed by loading metal-organic framework (MOF) nanozymes onto Ti3 C2 MXene. The mechanism of NIR induced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy (PTT) is well explained through activation energy (Ea ), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence analysis experiments, and finite element simulation. It reveals that MXene nanosheets exhibit NIR plasmon exciters and generate hot electrons that can transfer to the surface of Fe-MOFs, promoting the Fenton reaction and enhances CDT. While the photothermal heating of MXene produced by LSPR can also boost the CDT of Fe-MOFs under NIR irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrate that LSPR-induced MXM system has outstanding antimicrobial properties, can promote angiogenesis and collagen deposition, leading to the accelerated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxin Niu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Huining Su
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xunan Jing
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Hao Guan
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lingjie Meng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Meng D, Xu M, Li S, Ganesan M, Ruan X, Ravi SK, Cui X. Functional MXenes: Progress and Perspectives on Synthetic Strategies and Structure-Property Interplay for Next-Generation Technologies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304483. [PMID: 37730973 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of 2D materials that include layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. Since their inception in 2011, they have garnered significant attention due to their diverse compositions, unique structures, and extraordinary properties, such as high specific surface areas and excellent electrical conductivity. This versatility has opened up immense potential in various fields, catalyzing a surge in MXene research and leading to note worthy advancements. This review offers an in-depth overview of the evolution of MXenes over the past 5 years, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and technological prospects. A classification scheme for MXene structures based on entropy is presented and an updated summary of the elemental constituents of the MXene family is provided, as documented in recent literature. Delving into the microscopic structure and synthesis routes, the intricate structure-property relationships are explored at the nano/micro level that dictate the macroscopic applications of MXenes. Through an extensive review of the latest representative works, the utilization of MXenes in energy, environmental, electronic, and biomedical fields is showcased, offering a glimpse into the current technological bottlenecks, such asstability, scalability, and device integration. Moreover, potential pathways for advancing MXenes toward next-generation technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Muthusankar Ganesan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaowen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Sai Kishore Ravi
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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7
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Tian W, Li Z, Miao L, Sun Z, Wang Q, Jiao L. Composite Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes with Organic-Inorganic Interface Engineering for Fast Ion Transport in Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308586. [PMID: 38110188 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSE) are a promising candidate for addressing the limitations of liquid and solid electrolytes. However, different ion transport capacities between liquid solvents and polymers can cause localized heterogeneous distribution of Na+ fluxes. In addition, the continuous side reactions occurring at the interface between QSSE and sodium anode lead to uncontrollable dendrites growth. Herein, a novel strategy is designed to integrate the composite electrospun membrane of Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) into QSSE, aiming to introduce new fast ion conducting channels at the organic-inorganic interface. The efficient ion transfer pathways can effectively promote the homogenization of ion migration, enabling composite QSSE to achieve an ultrahigh ionic conductivity of 4.1 mS cm-1 at room temperature, with a Na+ transference number as high as 0.54. Moreover, the PVDF-HFP is preferentially reduced upon contact with the sodium anode to form a "NaF-rich" solid electrolyte interphase, which effectively suppresses the growth of dendrites. The synergistic combination of multiple strategies can realize exceptional long-term cycling stability in both sodium symmetric batteries (≈700 h) and full batteries (2100 cycles). This study provides a new insight for constructing high performance and dendrite-free solid-state sodium metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhaopeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Licheng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhiqin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qinglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lifang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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8
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Xiang L, Xu Q, Zhang H, Geng S, Cui R, Xiao T, Chen P, Wu L, Yu W, Peng H, Mai Y, Sun H. Ultrahigh-Rate Na/Cl 2 Batteries Through Improved Electron and Ion Transport by Heteroatom-Doped Bicontinuous-Structured Carbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312001. [PMID: 37806963 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable sodium/chlorine (Na/Cl2 ) batteries are emerging candidates for sustainable energy storage owing to their superior energy densities and the high abundance of Na and Cl elements. However, their practical applications have been plagued by the poor rate performance (e.g., a maximum discharge current density of 150 mA g-1 ), as the widely used carbon nanosphere cathodes show both sluggish electron-ion transport and reaction kinetics. Here, by mimicking the sufficient mass and energy transport in a sponge, we report a bicontinuous-structured carbon cubosome with heteroatomic doping, which allows efficient Na+ and electron transport and promotes Cl2 adsorption and conversion, thus unlocking ultrahigh-rate Na/Cl2 batteries, e.g., a maximum discharge current density of 16,000 mA g-1 that is more than two orders of magnitude higher than previous reports. The optimized solid-liquid-gas (carbon-electrolyte-Cl2 ) triple interfaces further contribute to a maximum reversible capacity and cycle life of 2,000 mAh g-1 and 250 cycles, respectively. This study establishes a universal approach for improving the sluggish kinetics of conversion-type battery reactions, and provides a new paradigm to resolve the long-standing dilemma between high energy and power densities in energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoxing Xiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiuchen Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shitao Geng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tianyu Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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9
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Wang J, Xu Q, Liu J, Kong W, Shi L. Electrostatic Self-Assembly of MXene on Ruthenium Dioxide-Modified Carbon Cloth for Electrochemical Detection of Kaempferol. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301709. [PMID: 37093500 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A superior composite material consisting of MXene and ruthenium dioxide-modified carbon cloth is synthesized by pulsed laser deposition and electrostatic self-assembly, which is further utilized to construct a class of novel electrochemical (EC) sensors for kaempferol (KA) detection. The carbon-cloth-based electrodes modified by ruthenium dioxide and then MXene are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The EC process on the modified electrodes is analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, EC impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. It is found that positively charged RuO2 not only possesses the remarkable electrical conductivity and electrocatalysis activity but also hampers the restacking of MXene, which accordingly enhances the exposure of the active surface area and greatly boosts the electrocatalysis activity of the entire composite. Consequently, this newly developed composite-based EC sensor exhibits a high sensitivity, selectivity, and remarkable stability to detect KA with two linear ranges of 0.06-1 and 1-15 µM. The inferred limit of detection is 0.039 µM via differential pulse voltammetry. More importantly, this novel EC sensor is found to be applicable for detecting KA in practical traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qingbin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Linchun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
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10
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Li Y, Huang S, Peng S, Jia H, Pang J, Ibarlucea B, Hou C, Cao Y, Zhou W, Liu H, Cuniberti G. Toward Smart Sensing by MXene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206126. [PMID: 36517115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things era has promoted enormous research on sensors, communications, data fusion, and actuators. Among them, sensors are a prerequisite for acquiring the environmental information for delivering to an artificial data center to make decisions. The MXene-based sensors have aroused tremendous interest because of their extraordinary performances. In this review, the electrical, electronic, and optical properties of MXenes are first introduced. Next, the MXene-based sensors are discussed according to the sensing mechanisms such as electronic, electrochemical, and optical methods. Initially, biosensors are introduced based on chemiresistors and field-effect transistors. Besides, the wearable pressure sensor is demonstrated with piezoresistive devices. Third, the electrochemical methods include amperometry and electrochemiluminescence as examples. In addition, the optical approaches refer to surface plasmonic resonance and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Moreover, the prospects are delivered of multimodal data fusion toward complicated human-like senses. Eventually, future opportunities for MXene research are conveyed in the new material discovery, structure design, and proof-of-concept devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Shirong Huang
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Songang Peng
- High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jinbo Pang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chongyang Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control and Renewable Energy Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (GCL DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Bao C, Wang J, Wang B, Sun J, He L, Pan Z, Jiang Y, Wang D, Liu X, Dou SX, Wang J. 3D Sodiophilic Ti 3C 2 MXene@g-C 3N 4 Hetero-Interphase Raises the Stability of Sodium Metal Anodes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17197-17209. [PMID: 36222585 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to several advantages of metallic sodium (Na), such as a relatively high theoretical capacity, low redox potential, wide availability, and low cost, Na metal batteries are being extensively studied, which are expected to play a major role in the fields of electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage. Although considerable efforts have been devoted to utilizing MXene-based materials for suppressing Na dendrites, achieving a stable cycling of Na metal anodes remains extremely challenging due to, for example, the low Coulombic efficiency (CE) caused by the severe side reactions. Herein, a g-C3N4 layer was attached in situ on the Ti3C2 MXene surface, inducing a surface state reconstruction and thus forming a stable hetero-interphase with excellent sodiophilicity between the MXene and g-C3N4 to inhibit side reactions and guide uniform Na ion flux. The 3D construction can not only lower the local current density to facilitate uniform Na plating/stripping but also mitigate volume change to stabilize the electrolyte/electrode interphase. Thus, the 3D Ti3C2 MXene@g-C3N4 nanocomposite enables much enhanced average CEs (99.9% at 1 mA h cm-2, 0.5 mA cm-2) in asymmetric half cells, long-term stability (up to 700 h) for symmetric cells, and stable cycling (up to 800 cycles at 2 C), together with outstanding rate capability (up to 20 C), of full cells. The present study demonstrates an approach in developing practically high performance for Na metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Bao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Junhui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Bo Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Linchun He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Zhenghui Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai201804, China
| | - Yunpeng Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
| | - Dianlong Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
| | - Ximeng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW2500, Australia
- Institute of Energy Material Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai200093, China
| | - John Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore138634, Singapore
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12
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Xia X, Lv X, Yao Y, Chen D, Tang F, Liu L, Feng Y, Rui X, Yu Y. A sodiophilic VN interlayer stabilizing a Na metal anode. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:899-907. [PMID: 35678312 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sodium (Na) metal is a very encouraging anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to its high specific capacity, earth-abundance and low-cost. However, the application of Na metal anodes (SMAs) is hampered by dendrite growth and "dead" Na formation caused by the uncontrollable Na deposition, leading to poor cycle life and even safety concerns. Herein, a high-performance Na anode is designed by introducing an artificial VN interlayer on the Na metal surface (Na/VN) by a simple mechanical rolling process to regulate Na nucleation/deposition behaviors. The density functional theory (DFT) and experiment results uncover that the VN possesses high "sodiophilicity", which can facilitate the initially homogeneous Na nucleation and cause Na to distribute evenly on the VN interlayer. Therefore, uniform Na deposition with dendrite-free morphology and prolonged cycling lifespan (over 1060 h at 0.5 mA cm-2/1 mA h cm-2) can be realized. Moreover, the full cell assembled by coupling a Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode and Na/VN anode presents superior cycling performance (e.g., 96% capacity retention even after 800 cycles at 5C). This work provides a promising direction for regulating Na nucleation and deposition to achieve dendrite-free metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Xia
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiang Lv
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yu Yao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Dong Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang Tang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yuezhan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xianhong Rui
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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13
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zhou C, Lu K, Zhou S, Liu Y, Fang W, Hou Y, Ye J, Fu L, Chen Y, Liu L, Wu Y. Strategies toward anode stabilization in nonaqueous alkali metal-oxygen batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8014-8024. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal-O2 batteries exhibit ultra-high theoretical energy density which is even on a par with to fossil energy and expected to become the next generation of energy storage devices. However,...
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