1
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Fang Z, Mu H, Sun Z, Zhang K, Zhang A, Chen J, Zheng N, Zhao Q, Yang X, Liu F, Wu J, Xie T. 3D printable elastomers with exceptional strength and toughness. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07588-6. [PMID: 38961297 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as an attractive manufacturing technique because of its exceptional freedom in accessing geometrically complex customizable products. Its potential for mass manufacturing, however, is hampered by its low manufacturing efficiency (print speed) and insufficient product quality (mechanical properties). Recent progresses in ultra-fast 3D printing of photo-polymers1-5 have alleviated the issue of manufacturing efficiency, but the mechanical performance of typical printed polymers still falls far behind what is achievable with conventional processing techniques. This is because of the printing requirements that restrict the molecular design towards achieving high mechanical performance. Here we report a 3D photo-printable resin chemistry that yields an elastomer with tensile strength of 94.6 MPa and toughness of 310.4 MJ m-3, both of which far exceed that of any 3D printed elastomer6-10. Mechanistically, this is achieved by the dynamic covalent bonds in the printed polymer that allow network topological reconfiguration. This facilitates the formation of hierarchical hydrogen bonds (in particular, amide hydrogen bonds), micro-phase separation and interpenetration architecture, which contribute synergistically to superior mechanical performance. Our work suggests a brighter future for mass manufacturing using 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaihang Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiada Chen
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuxu Yang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Yu Z, Li Q, Liu Y, Tian S, Chen W, Han Y, Tang Z, Zhang J. Malleable, Ultrastrong Antibacterial Thermosets Enabled by Guanidine Urea Structure. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402891. [PMID: 38868926 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent polymers (DCPs) that strike a balance between high performance and rapid reconfiguration have been a challenging task. For this purpose, a solution is proposed in the form of a new dynamic covalent supramolecular motif-guanidine urea structure (GUAs). GUAs contain complex and diverse chemical structures as well as unique bonding characteristics, allowing guanidine urea supramolecular polymers to demonstrate advanced physical properties. Noncovalent interaction aggregates (NIAs) have been confirmed to form in GUA-DCPs through multistage H-bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in an extremely high Young's modulus of 14 GPa, suggesting remarkable mechanical strength. Additionally, guanamine urea linkages in GUAs, a new type of dynamic covalent bond, provide resins with excellent malleability and reprocessability. Guanamine urea metathesis is validated using small molecule model compounds, and the temperature dependent infrared and rheological behavior of GUA-DCPs following the dissociative exchange mechanism. Moreover, the inherent photodynamic antibacterial properties are extensively verified by antibacterial experiments. Even after undergoing three reprocessing cycles, the antibacterial rate of GUA-DCPs remains above 99% after 24 h, highlighting their long-lasting antibacterial effectiveness. GUA-DCPs with dynamic nature, tuneable composition, and unique combination of properties make them promising candidates for various technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Shu Tian
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wanding Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Han
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zhaobin Tang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Park Y, Noda I, Jung YM. Diverse Applications of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024:37028241256397. [PMID: 38835153 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241256397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This second of the two-part series of a comprehensive survey review provides the diverse applications of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) covering different probes, perturbations, and systems in the last two years. Infrared spectroscopy has maintained its top popularity in 2D-COS over the past two years. Fluorescence spectroscopy is the second most frequently used analytical method, which has been heavily applied to the analysis of heavy metal binding, environmental, and solution systems. Various other analytical methods including laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, capillary electrophoresis, seismologic, and so on, have also been reported. In the last two years, concentration, composition, and pH are the main effects of perturbation used in the 2D-COS fields, as well as temperature. Environmental science is especially heavily studied using 2D-COS. This comprehensive survey review shows that 2D-COS undergoes continuous evolution and growth, marked by novel developments and successful applications across diverse scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Qin J, Chen Y, Guo X, Huang Y, Chen G, Zhang Q, He G, Zhu S, Ruan X, Zhu H. Regulation of Hard Segment Cluster Structures for High-performance Poly(urethane-urea) Elastomers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400255. [PMID: 38602431 PMCID: PMC11165464 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Elastomers are widely used in daily life; however, the preparation of degradable and recyclable elastomers with high strength, high toughness, and excellent crack resistance remains a challenging task. In this report, a polycaprolactone-based poly(urethane-urea) elastomer is presented with excellent mechanical properties by optimizing the arrangement of hard segment clusters. It is found that long alkyl chains of the chain extenders lead to small and evenly distributed hard segment clusters, which is beneficial for improving mechanical properties. Together with the multiple hydrogen bond structure and stress-induced crystallization, the obtained elastomer exhibits a high strength of 63.3 MPa, an excellent toughness of 431 MJ m-3 and an outstanding fracture energy of 489 kJ m-2, while maintaining good recyclability and degradability. It is believed that the obtained elastomer holds great promise in various application fields and it contributes to the development of a sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Qin
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Yifei Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering at PanjinDalian University of TechnologyPanjin124221China
| | - Xiwei Guo
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Yi Huang
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Gaohong He
- School of Chemical Engineering at PanjinDalian University of TechnologyPanjin124221China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsR&D Center of Membrane Science and TechnologySchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116023China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
| | - Xuehua Ruan
- School of Chemical Engineering at PanjinDalian University of TechnologyPanjin124221China
| | - He Zhu
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenzhenShenzhen518172China
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Yuan H, Qi Y, Niu W, Ma W, Zhang S. Bioinspired Colorimetric Double Inverse Opal Photonic Crystal Indicators for Ethanol Concentration Sensing in Fermentation Engineering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11184-11195. [PMID: 38748593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Photonic crystal-based ethanol concentration indicators with rapid response and brilliant structural color output definitely take a place in colorimetric sensors. Here, based on the H-bond-regulated swelling of acrylate shape memory polymers (SMPs) and the solvent-induced structural color change of the double inverse opal photonic crystals (DIOPCs), new-type photonic crystals (PCs) colorimetric indicators were constructed, exhibiting a span of maximum reflection wavelength (λmax) up to ∼166 nm in response to alcohols with concentrations from 0 to 100 vol %. DIOPC indicators (DIOPCIs) show a rapid response to alcohols (<1.5 s) and output different structural colors (covering from blue to red). The colorimetric sensing mechanism includes the solvent-triggered recovery of the inverse opal skeleton, the cosolvency effect and H-bonds induced swelling/shrinkage of the polymer, the phase separation between polystyrene (PS) microsphere and polymer skeleton, and the light diffraction of DIOPCs. While ensuring a larger λmax span by regulating the H-bond interactions in polymer chains through acrylamide (AAm), AAm-modified DIOPCIs are sensitive to some specific ethanol concentrations. The real-time sensing of ethanol concentration during fermentation verified the practicability of DIOPCIs, thus establishing a visual model between structural color and corresponding fermentation kinetics. We envisage that the DIOPCIs will contribute to the intelligentization of the alcoholic fermentation and distillation industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenbin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Zhang Q, Yang J, Cao P, Gong J, Tang Z, Zhou K, Luo H, Zhang X, Wang T, Chen S, Pei X, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Strengthening-Durable Trade-Off and Self-Healing, Recyclable Shape Memory Polyurethanes Enabled by Dynamic Boron-Urethane Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400277. [PMID: 38771626 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the demand for integrating strength and durability reinforcement in shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) for diverse applications remains a significant challenge. Here a series of SMPUs with ultra-high strength, self-healing and recyclability, and excellent shape memory properties through introducing dynamic boron-urethane bonds are synthesized. The introducing of boric acid (BA) to polyurethane leading to the formation of dynamic covalent bonds (DCB) boron-urethane, that confer a robust cross-linking structure on the SMPUs led to the formation of ordered stable hydrogen-bonding network within the SMPUs. The flexible crosslinking with DCB represents a novel strategy for balancing the trade-off between strength and durability, with their strengths reaching up to 82.2 MPa while also addressing the issue of durability in prolonged usage through the provision of self-healing and recyclability. The self-healing and recyclability of SMPU are demonstrated through rapid dynamic exchange reaction of boron-urethane bonds, systematically investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). This study sheds light on the essential role of such PU with self-healing and recyclability, contributing to the extension of the PU's service life. The findings of this work provide a general strategy for overcoming traditional trade-offs in preparing SMPUs with both high strength and good durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Yantai, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Pengrui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Junhui Gong
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhangzhang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhou
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Heming Luo
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shoubing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xianqiang Pei
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Yantai, 265500, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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Zhang D, Li X, Li J, Wang Q, Dong X, Wu Y, Li Z, Xie X, Liu Z, Xiu F, Huang W, Liu J. Phase-Segregated Ductile Eutectogels with Ultrahigh Modulus and Toughness for Antidamaging Fabric Perception. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306557. [PMID: 38063820 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Ionogels are extremely soft ionic materials that can undergo large deformation while maintaining their structural and functional integrity. Ductile ionogels can absorb energy and resist fracture under external load, making them an ideal candidate for wearable electronics, soft robotics, and protective gear. However, developing high-modulus ionogels with extreme toughness remains challenging. Here, a facile one-step photopolymerization approach to construct an acrylic acid (AA)-2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA)-choline chloride (ChCl) eutectogel (AHCE) with ultrahigh modulus and toughness is reported. With rich hydrogen bonding crosslinks and phase segregation, this gel has a 99.1 MPa Young's modulus and a 70.6 MJ m-3 toughness along with 511.4% elongation, which can lift 12 000 times its weight. These features provide extreme damage resistance and electrical healing ability, offering it a protective and strain-sensitive coating to innovate anticutting fabric with motion detection for human healthcare. The work provides an effective strategy to construct robust ionogel materials and smart wearable electronics for intelligent life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Junyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qiye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xuemei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yueyue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhengdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Fei Xiu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Juqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Pu Zhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Dai S, Zhou W, Duan L, Tang K, Yang Z, Cao R, Tay F, Niu L, Chen J. High-Performance Dental Resins Containing a Starburst Monomer. J Dent Res 2024; 103:536-545. [PMID: 38549255 PMCID: PMC11145299 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241232312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dimethacrylate-based chemistries feature extensively as resin monomers in dental resin-based materials due to their distinguished overall performance. However, challenges endure, encompassing inadequate mechanical attributes, volumetric shrinkage, and estrogenicity. Herein, we first synthesized a novel resin monomer, 9-armed starburst polyurethane acrylate (NPUA), via the grafting-onto approach. Compared to the primary commercial dental monomer 2,2-bis [p-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl] propane (Bis-GMA) (with a viscosity of 1,174 ± 3 Pa·s and volumetric shrinkage of 4.7% ± 0.1%), the NPUA monomer achieves the lower viscosity (158 ± 1 Pa·s), volumetric shrinkage (2.5% ± 0.1%), and cytotoxicity (P < 0.05). The NPUA-based resins exhibit the higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, hardness, and hydrophobicity and lower volumetric shrinkage, water absorption, and solubility compared to the Bis-GMA (70 wt%)/TEGDMA (30 wt%) resins. The NPUA-based composites exhibit significantly higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, and hardness and lower volumetric shrinkage (171.4 ± 3.0 MPa, 12.6 ± 0.5 GPa, 2.0 ± 0.2 GPa, and 3.4% ± 0.2%, respectively) compared to the Bis-GMA group (120.3 ± 4.7 MPa, 9.4 ± 0.7 GPa, 1.5 ± 0.1 GPa, and 4.7% ± 0.2%, respectively; P < 0.05). This work presents a viable avenue for augmenting the physicochemical attributes of dental resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.Q. Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - W. Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - L.Y. Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - K. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Z.Y. Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Stomatology, 923th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Nanning, China
| | - R.J. Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - F.R. Tay
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - L.N. Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - J.H. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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9
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Li J, Zheng Z, Ma Y, Dong Z, Li MH, Hu J. Mechanically Ultra-Robust Fluorescent Elastomer for Elaborating Auxetic Composite. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402130. [PMID: 38678509 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent elastomers are predominantly fabricated through doping fluorescent components or conjugating chromophores into polymer networks, which often involves detrimental effects on mechanical performance and also makes large-scale production difficult. Inspired by the heteroatom-rich microphase separation structures assisted by intensive hydrogen bonds in natural organisms, an ultra-robust fluorescent polyurethane elastomer is reported, which features a remarkable fracture strength of 87.2 MPa with an elongation of 1797%, exceptional toughness of 678.4 MJ m-3 and intrinsic cyan fluorescence at 445 nm. Moreover, the reversible fluorescence variation with temperature could in situ reveal the microphase separation of the elastomer in real time. By taking advantage of mechanical properties, intrinsic fluorescence and hydrogen bonds-promoted interfacial bonding ability, this fluorescent elastomer can be utilized as an auxetic skeleton for the elaboration of an integrated auxetic composite. Compared with the auxetic skeleton alone, the integrated composite shows an improved mechanical performance while maintaining auxetic deformation in a large strain below 185%, and its auxetic process can be visually detected under ultraviolet light by the fluorescence of the auxetic skeleton. The concept of introducing hydrogen-bonded heteroatom-rich microphase separation structures into polymer networks in this work provides a promising approach to developing fluorescent elastomers with exceptional mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhiran Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yaning Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhaoxing Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Jun Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130022, China
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10
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Fan Q, Tang Y, Sun H, Guo D, Ma J, Guo J. Cluster-Triggered Self-Luminescence, Rapid Self-Healing, and Adaptive Reprogramming Liquid Crystal Elastomers Enabled by Dynamic Imine Bond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401315. [PMID: 38627335 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The integration of advanced functions and diverse practical applications calls for multifunctional liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs); however, the structure-intrinsic luminescence and excellent mechanical properties of LCEs have not yet been explored. In this study, clusteroluminescence (CL)-based LCEs (CL-LCEs) are successfully fabricated without depending on large conjugated structures, thereby avoiding redundant organic synthesis and aggregation-caused quenching. The experimental and theoretical results reveal that secondary amine (-NH-) and imine (-C = N-) groups play vital roles in determining the presence of fluorescence in CL-LCEs. Based on the above observation, the strategy universalization and a molecular library for constructing CL-LCEs are further demonstrated. Meanwhile, the dynamic bond of imine bonds endows the CL-LCE system with rapid self-healing under mild conditions (70 °C in 10 min), excellent stretchability, and adaptive programmable characteristics. Furthermore, the self-luminescent performance enables visual detection of the self-healing process. Finally, CL-based information storage and anticounterfeiting are successfully realized and their applications in fiber actuators and fluorescent textiles are demonstrated. The distinctive luminescence and dynamic chemistry presented in this work has significant implications in elucidating the mechanism of CL and providing new strategies for the rational design of novel multifunctional LCE materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dekang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiawei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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11
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Chen K, Li M, Yang Z, Ye Z, Zhang D, Zhao B, Xia Z, Wang Q, Kong X, Shang Y, Liu C, Yu H, Cao A. Ultra-Large Stress and Strain Polymer Nanocomposite Actuators Incorporating a Mutually-Interpenetrated, Collective-Deformation Carbon Nanotube Network. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313354. [PMID: 38589015 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive polymer-based actuators are extensively studied, with the challenging goal of achieving comprehensive performance metrics that include large output stress and strain, fast response, and versatile actuation modes. The design and fabrication of nanocomposites offer a promising route to integrate the advantages of both polymers and nanoscale fillers, thus ensuring superior performance. Here, it is started from a three-dimensional (3D) porous sponge to fabricate a mutually interpenetrated nanocomposite, in which the embedded carbon nanotube (CNT) network undergoes collective deformation with the shape memory polymer (SMP) matrix during large-degree stretching and releasing, increases junction density with polymer chains and enhances molecular orientation. These features result in substantial improvement of the overall mechanical properties and during thermally actuated contraction, the bulk SMP/CNT composites exhibit output stresses up to 19.5 ± 0.97 MPa and strains up to 69%, accompanied by a rapid response and high energy density, exceeding the majority of recent reports. Furthermore, electrical actuation is also demonstrated via uniform Joule heating across the self-percolated CNT network. Applications such as low-temperature thermal actuated vascular stent and wound dressing are explored. These findings lay out a universal blueprint for developing robust and highly deformable SMP/CNT nanocomposite actuators with broad potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zifan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ziming Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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12
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Xu J, Shao M, Wang X, Chen T, Li S, Zhang X, Wang T, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Wang Q. Flexible Cages Enable Robust Supramolecular Elastomers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311992. [PMID: 38183353 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Advances in modern industrial technology continue to place stricter demands on engineering polymeric materials, but simultaneously possessing superior strength and toughness remains a daunting challenge. Herein, a pioneering flexible cage-reinforced supramolecular elastomer (CSE) is reported that exhibits superb robustness, tear resistance, anti-fatigue, and shape memory properties, achieved by innovatively introducing organic imide cages (OICs) into supramolecular networks. Intriguingly, extremely small amounts of OICs make the elastomer stronger, significantly improving mechanical strength (85.0 MPa; ≈10-fold increase) and toughness (418.4 MJ m-3; ≈7-fold increase). Significantly, the cooperative effect of gradient hydrogen bonds and OICs is experimentally and theoretically demonstrated as flexible nodes, enabling more robust supramolecular networks. In short, the proposed strengthening strategy of adding flexible cages effectively balances the inherent conflict between material strength and toughness, and the prepared CSEs are anticipated to be served in large-scale devices such as TBMs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mingchao Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tianze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zenghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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13
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Niu W, Li Z, Liang F, Zhang H, Liu X. Ultrastable, Superrobust, and Recyclable Supramolecular Polymer Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318434. [PMID: 38234012 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymer networks (SPNs), crosslinked by noncovalent bonds, have emerged as reorganizable and recyclable polymeric materials with unique functionality. However, poor stability is an imperative challenge faced by SPNs, because SPNs are susceptible to heat, water, and/or solvents due to the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent bonds. Herein, the design of a noncovalent cooperative network (NCoN) to simultaneously stabilize and reinforce SPNs is reported, resulting in an ultrastable, superrobust, and recyclable SPN. The NCoN is constructed by multiplying the H-bonding sites and tuning the conformation/geometry of the H-bonding segment to optimize the multivalence cooperativity of H-bonds. The rationally designed H-bonding segment with high conformational compliance favors the formation of tightly packed H-bond arrays comprising higher-density and stronger H-bonds. Consequently, the H-bonded crosslinks in the NCoN display a covalent crosslinking effect but retain on-demand dynamics and reversibility. The resultant ultrastable SPN not only displays remarkable resistance to heat up to 120 °C, water soaking, and a broad spectrum of solvents, but also possesses a superhigh true stress at break (1.1 GPa) and an ultrahigh toughness (406 MJ m-3 ). Despite the covalent-network-like stability, the SPN is recyclable through activating its reversibility in a high-polarity solvent heated to a threshold temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zequan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Fengli Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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14
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Li S, Cheng Y, Zhu H, Xu M, Lv H, Wang Z, Liu G, Song H. Strain-Induced Phase Separation and Mechanomodulation of Ionic Conduction in Anisotropic Nanocomposite Ionogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38422366 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ionogels have great potential for the development of tissue-like, soft, and stretchable ionotronics. However, conventional isotropic ionogels suffer from poor mechanical properties, low efficient force transmission, and tardy mechanoelectric response, hindering their practical utility. Here, we propose a simple one-step method to fabricate bioinspired anisotropic nanocomposite ionogels based on a combination of strain-induced phase separation and mechanomodulation of ionic conduction in the presence of attapulgite nanorods. These ionogels show high stretchability (747.1% strain), tensile strength (6.42 MPa), Young's modulus (83.49 MPa), and toughness (18.08 MJ/m3). Importantly, the liquid crystalline domain alignment-induced microphase separation and ionic conductivity enhancement during stretching endow these ionogels with an unusual mechanoelectric response and dual-programmable shape-memory properties. Moreover, the anisotropic structure, good elasticity, and unique resistance-strain responsiveness give the ionogel-based strain sensors high sensitivity, rapid response time, excellent fatigue resistance, and unique waveform-discernible strain sensing, which can be applied to real-time monitoring of human motions. The findings offer a promising way to develop bioinspired anisotropic ionogels to modulate the microstructure and properties for practical applications in advanced ionotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijie Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongnan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Lv
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoer Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Guoming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongzan Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
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15
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Rong H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Lu X. Self-Healing Elastomers with Unprecedented Ultrahigh Strength, Superhigh Fracture Energy, Excellent Puncture Resistance, and Durability Based on Supramolecule Interlocking Networks Formed by Interlaced Hydrogen Bonds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2802-2813. [PMID: 38181409 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Due to the multiple different properties in self-healing elastomers that are mutually exclusive based on the different and contradictory molecule chain structures, simultaneously achieving the ultrahigh mechanical performance and high durability of self-healing elastomers is a great challenge and the goal that has always been pursued. Herein, we report a novel strategy to fabricate a self-healing elastomer by introducing interlaced hydrogen bonds with superhigh binding energy. Distinguishing from the quadruple hydrogen bonds reported already, the interlaced hydrogen bond with a lower repulsive secondary interaction and higher binding energy is composed of two molecule units with different lengths and steric hindrance. Connected by the interlaced hydrogen bonds, a supramolecule interlocking network is formed to lock the polymer chains at room temperature, endowing the poly(urethane-urea) elastomer with an unprecedented ultrahigh strength (117.5 MPa, even higher than some plastics), the superhigh fracture energy (522.46 kJ m-2), and an excellent puncture resistance (puncture force reached 181.9 N). Moreover, the elastomers also exhibited excellent self-healing properties (healing efficiency up to 95.8%), high transparency (the average transmittance up to 91.0%), and good durability (including thermal decomposition resistance, thermal oxidation aging resistance, water resistance, and solvent resistance), providing a theoretical basis and technical reference in the development and broadening the application prospects of self-healing elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Rong
- School of Materials of Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhang
- School of Materials of Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Materials of Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xun Lu
- School of Materials of Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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16
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Xu J, Wang X, Li S, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang T, Yang Z, Tao L. Mechanically Ultra-Robust Elastomers Integrating Self-Healing and Recycling Properties Enable Information Encryption and Hierarchical Decryption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41937-41949. [PMID: 37605560 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Developing high-performance elastomers with distinctive features opens up new vistas and exciting possibilities for information encryption but remains a daunting challenge. To surmount this difficulty, an unprecedented synthetic approach, "modular molecular engineering", was proposed to develop tailor-made advanced elastomers. The customized hydrophobic poly(urea-urethane) (HPUU-R) elastomer perfectly integrated ultrahigh tensile strength (∼75.3 MPa), extraordinary toughness (∼292.5 MJ m-3), satisfactory room-temperature healing, high transparency, puncture-, scratch-, and water-resistance; and miraculously, its 0.20 g film could lift objects over 100 000 times its weight without rupture. Intriguingly, we unexpectedly discovered that the elastomers fluoresce brightly at the optimal excitation wavelength attributed to the "clusterization-triggered emission". Based on the gradient hydrophobicity and fluorescent properties of HPUU-R, a hierarchical information encryption/decryption mode was innovatively established. Using high-performance HPUU-R as a double encryption platform makes the information highly stable and persistent, thus providing a stronger guarantee for the encrypted information. More attractively, given the impressive recyclability and self-healing of HPUU-R, information encryption can be realized by using recycled elastomers, injecting new vitality into green and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zenghui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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17
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Dai Q, Li D, Sun Y, Wang H, Lu Y, Yang D. Low temperature-resistant superhydrophobic and elastic cellulose aerogels derived from seaweed solid waste as efficient oil traps for oil/water separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 336:139179. [PMID: 37330065 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel has excellent application potential in adsorption, heat preservation, and other areas due to its typical advantages of low density and high porosity. However, there are several issues with the use of aerogel in oil/water separation, including weak mechanical qualities and challenges in eliminating organic contaminants at low temperature. Inspired by cellulose Iα, which has excellent performance at low temperature, this study used cellulose Iα nanofibers extracted from seaweed solid waste as the skeleton, through covalent cross-linked with ethylene imine polymer (PEI) and hydrophobic modification of 1, 4-phenyl diisocyanate (MDI), supplemented by freeze-drying technology to form three-dimensional sheet, and successfully obtained cellulose aerogels derived from seaweed solid waste (SWCA). The compression test shows that the maximum compressive stress of SWCA is 61 kPa, and the initial performance still maintains 82% after 40 cryogenic compression cycles. In addition, the contact angles of water and oil on the surface of the SWCA were 153° and 0°, respectively, and the stable hydrophobic time in simulated seawater is more than 3 h. By combining the elasticity and superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity, the SWCA with an oil absorption capacity of up to 11-30 times its mass, might be utilized repeatedly for the separation of an oil/water mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Daohao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Guo R, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Chen H, Liu Y, Wang J, Duan X, Chen Q, Ge Z, Zhang Y. Extremely Strong and Tough Biodegradable Poly(urethane) Elastomers with Unprecedented Crack Tolerance via Hierarchical Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212130. [PMID: 36822221 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The elastomers with the combination of high strength and high toughness have always been intensively pursued due to their diverse applications. Biomedical applications frequently require elastomers with biodegradability and biocompatibility properties. It remains a great challenge to prepare the biodegradable elastomers with extremely robust mechanical properties for in vivo use. In this report, we present a polyurethane elastomer with unprecedented mechanical properties for the in vivo application as hernia patches, which was obtained by the solvent-free reaction of polycaprolactone (PCL) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamide (BHO) as the chain extender. Abundant and hierarchical hydrogen-bonding interactions inside the elastomers hinder the crystallization of PCL segments and facilitate the formation of uniformly distributed hard phase microdomains, which miraculously realize the extremely high strength and toughness with the fracture strength of 92.2 MPa and true stress of 1.9 GPa, while maintaining the elongation-at-break of ≈1900% and ultrahigh toughness of 480.2 MJ m-3 with the unprecedented fracture energy of 322.2 kJ m-2 . Hernia patches made from the elastomer via 3D printing technology exhibit outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The robust and biodegradable elastomers demonstrate considerable potentials for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Youshen Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yanghe Liu
- Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Pharmacy Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xianglong Duan
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhishen Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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19
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Ou Y, Zhang Z, Tang Z, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Tao L, Wang T, Wang Q, Chen S. High strength, recyclable and shape memory polyhydroxyurethanes with intrinsic fluorescent properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Ou
- College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Zhang
- College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou 730050 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangzhang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Tao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Shoubing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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20
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Mao H, Zhang Q, Lin L, He X, Wang L. A Self-Healable and Recyclable Zwitterionic Polyurethane Based on Dynamic Ionic Interactions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051270. [PMID: 36904510 PMCID: PMC10007035 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyurethanes with self-healing and reprocessing capabilities are promising in eco-friendly applications. Here, a self-healable and recyclable zwitterionic polyurethane (ZPU) was developed by introducing ionic bonds between protonated ammonium groups and sulfonic acid moieties. The structure of the synthesized ZPU was characterized by FTIR and XPS. The thermal, mechanical, self-healing and recyclable properties of ZPU were also investigated in detail. Compared with cationic polyurethane (CPU), ZPU shows similar thermal stability. The physical cross-linking network formed between zwitterion groups can dissipate strain energy as a weak dynamic bond, endowing ZPU with outstanding mechanical and elastic recovery properties, including the high tensile strength of 7.38 MPa, high elongation at a break of 980%, and fast elastic recovery ability. Additionally, ZPU exhibits a healing efficiency of over 93% at 50 °C for 1.5 h as a result of the dynamic reconstruction of reversible ionic bonds. Furthermore, ZPU can be well reprocessed by solution casting and hot-pressing with a recovery efficiency above 88%. The excellent mechanical properties, fast repairing capability, and good recyclability not only enable polyurethane with a promising application in protective coatings for textiles and paints but also make it a superior candidate as stretchable substrates for wearable electronic devices and strain sensors.
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21
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Ju H, Zhang H, Hou LX, Zuo M, Du M, Huang F, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Polymerization-Induced Crystallization of Dopant Molecules: An Efficient Strategy for Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Hydrogels. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3763-3773. [PMID: 36749032 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional hydrogels such as polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid ones seldom exhibit phosphorescences at ambient conditions, which limit their applications as optical materials. We propose and demonstrate here a facile strategy to afford these hydrogels with room-temperature phosphorescence by polymerization-induced crystallization of dopant molecules that results in segregation and confinement of the gel matrix with carbonyl groups and thus clusterization-induced phosphorescence. As a model system, crown ethers (CEs) are dissolved in an aqueous solution of concentrated acrylamide that greatly increases the solubility of CEs. During the polymerization process, CEs crystallize to form large spherulites in the polyacrylamide hydrogel. The crystallization arises from the drastically reduced solubility of CEs after the conversion of monomers to polymers during the gel synthesis. The resultant composite hydrogel with a water content of 67 wt % exhibits extraordinary phosphorescence behavior yet maintains good stretchability and resilience. We found that the partial gel matrix is squeezed and confined by in situ-formed crystals, leading to carbonyl clusters and thus phosphorescence emission. The composite gel shows green phosphorescence with an emission peak at 512 nm and a lifetime of 342 ms. The afterglow emission is detectable by the naked eye for several seconds. This strategy has good universality, as validated in other hydrogels with different polymeric matrices and dopant molecules. The development of hydrogels with good mechanical and phosphorescent properties should merit the design of multifunctional soft machines with applications in biomedical and engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Ju
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311215, China
| | - Li Xin Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Min Zuo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Miao Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Feihe Huang
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311215, China.,Department of Chemistry, Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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22
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Liu W, He Y, Leng J. Humidity-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurea with a High Energy Output Based on Reversible Cross-Linked Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2163-2171. [PMID: 36571177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-performance shape memory polymers with multifunctions are essential in sensors, wearable flexible electronics, artificial muscle actuators, and reversible morphing structures. In this work, a transparent and humidity-responsive shape memory polyurea featuring a high tensile strength (51 MPa), a high recovery stress (12 MPa) with an high energy output (0.98 J/g), and tolerance to extreme environments (retains great malleability at -196 °C) is prepared through constructing a bioinspired hard-soft nanophase structure and through hierarchical hydrogen bonding in the molecular network. The hard segment of a strong hydrogen bonding region is in charge of humidity-responsive behavior, and the soft segment of a weak bonding region provides the flexibility of the molecular chain. Furthermore, the periodicity of the phase-separated domains is 12 nm as characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering. The hydrogen bonding cross-linked network can be opened under the action of stress and re-bonded by heating, just like a zipper structure of reversible linking property. This unique molecular structure contributes to the humidity-responsive behavior of polyurea rolling up 160° in 20 s on the palm, as well as a high energy output lifting a 100 g weight exceeding 1631 times its own mass to 60 mm. The molecular structure of the hard-soft nanophase and the hierarchical hydrogen bonding offer an effective approach toward achieving a high-performance shape memory polymer with humidity-sensitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yang He
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080Harbin, P. R. China
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