1
|
Li X, Hu Y, Bailey JD, Lipshutz BH. Impact of Nonionic Surfactants on Reactions of IREDs. Applications to Tandem Chemoenzymatic Sequences in Water. Org Lett 2024; 26:2778-2783. [PMID: 37883080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The influence of added surfactant to aqueous reaction mixtures containing various IREDs has been determined. Just the presence of a nonionic surfactant tends to increase both rates and extent of conversion to the targeted amines. The latter can be as much as >40% relative to buffer alone. Several tandem sequences featuring several steps that combine use of an IRED together with various types of chemocatalysis are also presented, highlighting the opportunities for utilizing chemoenzymatic catalysis, all in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Yuting Hu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - J Daniel Bailey
- Process Chemistry Development, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roth S, Niese R, Müller M, Hall M. Redox Out of the Box: Catalytic Versatility Across NAD(P)H-Dependent Oxidoreductases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314740. [PMID: 37924279 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric reduction of double bonds using NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases has proven to be an efficient tool for the synthesis of important chiral molecules in research and on industrial scale. These enzymes are commercially available in screening kits for the reduction of C=O (ketones), C=C (activated alkenes), or C=N bonds (imines). Recent reports, however, indicate that the ability to accommodate multiple reductase activities on distinct C=X bonds occurs in different enzyme classes, either natively or after mutagenesis. This challenges the common perception of highly selective oxidoreductases for one type of electrophilic substrate. Consideration of this underexplored potential in enzyme screenings and protein engineering campaigns may contribute to the identification of complementary biocatalytic processes for the synthesis of chiral compounds. This review will contribute to a global understanding of the promiscuous behavior of NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases on C=X bond reduction and inspire future discoveries with respect to unconventional biocatalytic routes in asymmetric synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Roth
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard Niese
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioHealth, Field of Excellence, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miller AH, Blagova EV, Large B, Booth RL, Wilson KS, Duhme-Klair AK. Catch-and-Release: The Assembly, Immobilization, and Recycling of Redox-Reversible Artificial Metalloenzymes. ACS Catal 2024; 14:3218-3227. [PMID: 38449525 PMCID: PMC10913039 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Technologies to improve the applicability of artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) are gaining considerable interest; one such approach is the immobilization of these biohybrid catalysts on support materials to enhance stability and enable their retention, recovery, and reuse. Here, we describe the immobilization of polyhistidine-tagged ArMs that allow the redox-controlled replacement of catalytic cofactors that have lost activity, e.g., due to poisoning or decomposition, on immobilized metal affinity chromatography resins. By using periplasmic siderophore-binding protein scaffolds that originate from thermophilic bacteria (GstCeuE and PthCeuE) in combination with a siderophore-linked imine reduction catalyst, reaction rates were achieved that are about 3.5 times faster than those previously obtained with CjCeuE, the analogous protein of Campylobacter jejuni. Upon immobilization, the GstCeuE-derived ArM showed a decrease in turnover frequency in the reduction of dehydrosalsolidine by 3.4-fold, while retaining enantioselectivity (36%) and showing improved stability that allowed repeat recovery and recycling cycles. Catalytic activity was preserved over the initial four cycles. In subsequent cycles, a gradual reduction of activity was evident. Once the initial activity decreased to around 40% of the initial activity (23rd recycling cycle), the redox-triggered artificial cofactor release permitted the subsequent recharging of the immobilized protein scaffold with fresh, active cofactor, thereby restoring the initial catalytic activity of the immobilized ArM and allowing its reuse for several more cycles. Furthermore, the ArM could be assembled directly from protein present in crude cell extracts, avoiding time-consuming and costly protein purification steps. Overall, this study demonstrates that the immobilization of redox-reversible ArMs facilitates their "catch-and-release" assembly and disassembly and the recycling of their components, improving their potential commercial viability and environmental footprint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex H. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Elena V. Blagova
- Structural
Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10
5DD, U.K.
| | - Benjamin Large
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Rosalind L. Booth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Keith S. Wilson
- Structural
Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10
5DD, U.K.
| | - Anne-K. Duhme-Klair
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan B, Yang D, Qu G, Turner NJ, Sun Z. Biocatalytic reductive aminations with NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes: enzyme discovery, engineering and synthetic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:227-262. [PMID: 38059509 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral amines are pivotal building blocks for the pharmaceutical industry. Asymmetric reductive amination is one of the most efficient and atom economic methodologies for the synthesis of optically active amines. Among the various strategies available, NAD(P)H-dependent amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) and imine reductases (IREDs) are robust enzymes that are available from various sources and capable of utilizing a broad range of substrates with high activities and stereoselectivities. AmDHs and IREDs operate via similar mechanisms, both involving a carbinolamine intermediate followed by hydride transfer from the co-factor. In addition, both groups catalyze the formation of primary and secondary amines utilizing both organic and inorganic amine donors. In this review, we discuss advances in developing AmDHs and IREDs as biocatalysts and focus on evolutionary history, substrate scope and applications of the enzymes to provide an outlook on emerging industrial biotechnologies of chiral amine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dameng Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qin ZY, Gao S, Zou Y, Liu Z, Wang JB, Houk KN, Arnold FH. Biocatalytic Construction of Chiral Pyrrolidines and Indolines via Intramolecular C(sp 3)-H Amination. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2333-2338. [PMID: 38161360 PMCID: PMC10755850 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nature harnesses exquisite enzymatic cascades to construct N-heterocycles and further uses these building blocks to assemble the molecules of life. Here we report an enzymatic platform to construct important chiral N-heterocyclic products, pyrrolidines and indolines, via abiological intramolecular C(sp3)-H amination of organic azides. Directed evolution of cytochrome P411 (a P450 enzyme with serine as the heme-ligating residue) yielded variant P411-PYS-5149, capable of catalyzing the insertion of alkyl nitrene into C(sp3)-H bonds to build pyrrolidine derivatives with good enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency. Further evolution of activity on aryl azide substrates yielded variant P411-INS-5151 that catalyzes intramolecular C(sp3)-H amination to afford chiral indolines. In addition, we show that these enzymatic aminations can be coupled with a P411-based carbene transferase or a tryptophan synthase to generate an α-amino lactone or a noncanonical amino acid, respectively, underscoring the power of new-to-nature biocatalysis in complexity-building chemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Qin
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Shilong Gao
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yike Zou
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - James B. Wang
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Frances H. Arnold
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Telek A, Molnár Z, Vértessy BG, Tasnádi G. Opine dehydrogenases, an underexplored enzyme family for the enzymatic synthesis of chiral amines. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2793-2808. [PMID: 37334502 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Opines and opine-type chemicals are valuable natural products with diverse biochemical roles, and potential synthetic building blocks of bioactive compounds. Their synthesis involves reductive amination of ketoacids with amino acids. This transformation has high synthetic potential in producing enantiopure secondary amines. Nature has evolved opine dehydrogenases for this chemistry. To date, only one enzyme has been used as biocatalyst, however, analysis of the available sequence space suggests more enzymes to be exploited in synthetic organic chemistry. This review summarizes the current knowledge of this underexplored enzyme class, highlights key molecular, structural, and catalytic features with the aim to provide a comprehensive general description of opine dehydrogenases, thereby supporting future enzyme discovery and protein engineering studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Telek
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Servier Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Molnár
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta G Vértessy
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tasnádi
- Servier Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spinello BJ, Strong ZH, Ortiz E, Evarts MM, Krische MJ. Intermolecular Metal-Catalyzed C‒C Coupling of Unactivated Alcohols or Aldehydes for Convergent Ketone Construction beyond Premetalated Reagents. ACS Catal 2023; 13:10976-10987. [PMID: 38464997 PMCID: PMC10923551 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Intermolecular metal-catalyzed C‒C couplings of unactivated primary alcohols or aldehydes to form ketones are catalogued. Reactions are classified on the basis of pronucleophile. Protocols involving premetalated reagents or reactants that incorporate directing groups are not covered. These methods represent an emerging alternative to classical multi-step protocols for ketone construction that exploit premetalated reagents, and/or steps devoted to redox manipulations and carboxylic acid derivatization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Spinello
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24 St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zachary H Strong
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24 St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Eliezer Ortiz
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24 St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Maddie M Evarts
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24 St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24 St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Comparini LM, Menichetti A, Favero L, Di Pietro S, Badalassi F, Ryberg P, Pineschi M. Development of an asymmetric formal synthesis of (-)-quinagolide via enzymatic resolution and stereoselective iminium ion reduction. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6389-6396. [PMID: 37492953 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective reduction of a diastereoisomeric mixture of benzo[g]octahydroquinolinium ion was examined in detail. A diastereoselective borohydride reduction in combination with an efficient deacylative enzymatic resolution of its β-aminoester precursor are the key steps for a stereoselective installation of the three chiral centres present in the (3S,4aS,10aR)-eutomer of the medicinal drug quinagolide. The obtained data paves the way for an easy and practical attainment of chiral 3-substituted octahydrobenzo[g]quinolines that are privileged structures in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Menichetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucilla Favero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Fabrizio Badalassi
- Chemical Development, Global Pharmaceutical R&D, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Amager Strandvej 405, DK 2770 Kastrup, Denmark.
| | - Per Ryberg
- Chemical Development, Global Pharmaceutical R&D, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Amager Strandvej 405, DK 2770 Kastrup, Denmark.
| | - Mauro Pineschi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Y, Yue X, Li Z, Huang Z, Chen F. Asymmetric Synthesis of Sterically Hindered 1-Substituted Tetrahydro-β-carbolines Enabled by Imine Reductase: Enzyme Discovery, Protein Engineering, and Reaction Development. Org Lett 2023; 25:1285-1289. [PMID: 36802632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the discovery of a new imine reductase (IRED), named AtIRED, by genome mining. Site-saturation mutagenesis on AtIRED generated two single mutants M118'L and P120'G and the double mutant M118'L/P120'G with improved specific activity toward sterically hindered 1-substituted dihydro-β-carbolines. The synthetic potential of these engineered IREDs was showcased by the preparative-scale synthesis of nine chiral 1-substituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs), including (S)-1-t-butyl-THβC and (S)-1-t-pentyl-THβC, in 30-87% isolated yields with excellent optical purities (98-99% ee).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yue
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhining Li
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Cataly sis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zedu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Cataly sis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Fener Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Cataly sis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jäger C, Haase M, Koschorreck K, Urlacher VB, Deska J. Aerobic C-N Bond Formation through Enzymatic Nitroso-Ene-Type Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213671. [PMID: 36468873 PMCID: PMC10107922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic oxidation of acylated hydroxylamines enables the direct and selective introduction of nitrogen functionalities by activation of allylic C-H bonds. Utilizing either laccases or an oxidase/peroxidase couple for the formal dehydrogenation of N-hydroxycarbamates and hydroxamic acids with air as the terminal oxidant, acylnitroso species are generated under particularly mild aqueous conditions. The reactive intermediates undergo C-N bond formation through an ene-type mechanism and provide high yields both in intramolecular and intermolecular enzymatic aminations. Investigations on different pathways of the two biocatalytic systems and labelling studies provide more insight into this unprecedented promiscuity of classical oxidoreductases as catalysts for nitroso-based transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Jäger
- University of HelsinkiDepartment of ChemistryA.I. Virtasen aukio 100560HelsinkiFinland
- Aalto UniversityDepartment of ChemistryKemistintie 102150EspooFinland
| | - Mona Haase
- Aalto UniversityDepartment of ChemistryKemistintie 102150EspooFinland
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Katja Koschorreck
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Vlada B. Urlacher
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jan Deska
- University of HelsinkiDepartment of ChemistryA.I. Virtasen aukio 100560HelsinkiFinland
- Aalto UniversityDepartment of ChemistryKemistintie 102150EspooFinland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen FF, He XF, Zhu XX, Zhang Z, Shen XY, Chen Q, Xu JH, Turner NJ, Zheng GW. Discovery of an Imine Reductase for Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds with Sterically Challenging Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4015-4025. [PMID: 36661845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of structurally diverse amines is of fundamental significance in the pharmaceutical industry due to the ubiquitous presence of amine motifs in biologically active molecules. Biocatalytic reductive amination for amine production has attracted great interest owing to its synthetic advantages. Herein, we report the direct synthesis of a wide range of sterically demanding secondary amines, including several important active pharmaceutical ingredients and pharmaceutical intermediates, via reductive amination of carbonyl substrates and bulky amine nucleophiles employing imine reductases. Key to success for this route is the identification of an imine reductase from Penicillium camemberti with unusual substrate specificity and its further engineering, which empowered the accommodation of a broad range of sterically demanding amine nucleophiles encompassing linear alkyl and (hetero)aromatic (oxy)alkyl substituents and the formation of final amine products with up to >99% conversion. The practical utility of the biocatalytic route has been demonstrated by its application in the preparative synthesis of the anti-hyperparathyroidism drug cinacalcet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue-Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Knaus T, Corrado ML, Mutti FG. One-Pot Biocatalytic Synthesis of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Amines with Two Stereocenters from α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Using Alkyl-Ammonium Formate. ACS Catal 2022; 12:14459-14475. [PMID: 36504913 PMCID: PMC9724091 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The efficient asymmetric catalytic synthesis of amines containing more than one stereogenic center is a current challenge. Here, we present a biocatalytic cascade that combines ene-reductases (EReds) with imine reductases/reductive aminases (IReds/RedAms) to enable the conversion of α,β-unsaturated ketones into primary, secondary, and tertiary amines containing two stereogenic centers in very high chemical purity (up to >99%), a diastereomeric ratio, and an enantiomeric ratio (up to >99.8:<0.2). Compared with previously reported strategies, our strategy could synthesize two, three, or even all four of the possible stereoisomers of the amine products while precluding the formation of side-products. Furthermore, ammonium or alkylammonium formate buffer could be used as the only additional reagent since it acted both as an amine donor and as a source of reducing equivalents. This was achieved through the implementation of an NADP-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) for the in situ recycling of the NADPH coenzyme, thus leading to increased atom economy for this biocatalytic transformation. Finally, this dual-enzyme ERed/IRed cascade also exhibits a complementarity with the recently reported EneIRED enzymes for the synthesis of cyclic six-membered ring amines. The ERed/IRed method yielded trans-1,2 and cis-1,3 substituted cyclohexylamines in high optical purities, whereas the EneIRED method was reported to yield one cis-1,2 and one trans-1,3 enantiomer. As a proof of concept, when 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one was converted into secondary and tertiary chiral amines with different amine donors, we could obtain all the four possible stereoisomer products. This result exemplifies the versatility of this method and its potential for future wider utilization in asymmetric synthesis by expanding the toolbox of currently available dehydrogenases via enzyme engineering and discovery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Zhou H, Yu H, Pu Z, Xu J, Zhang H, Wu J, Yang L. Computational Redesign of the Substrate Binding Pocket of Glutamate Dehydrogenase for Efficient Synthesis of Noncanonical l-Amino Acids. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Haisheng Zhou
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, NO.733 Jianshe 3rd Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Haoran Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, NO.733 Jianshe 3rd Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Zhongji Pu
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, NO.733 Jianshe 3rd Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Jinling Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, NO.733 Jianshe 3rd Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, NO.38 Zhe-da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, NO.733 Jianshe 3rd Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang L, Li J, Xu Z, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D, Ma Y. Asymmetric Synthesis of Fused-Ring Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Tetrahydro-β-carbolines from 2-Arylethylamines via a Chemoenzymatic Approach. Org Lett 2022; 24:6531-6536. [PMID: 36066397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While chiral fused-ring tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) and tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) scaffolds have attracted considerable interest due to their wide spectrum of biological activities, the synthesis of optically pure chiral fused-ring THIQs and THβCs remains a challenging task. Herein, a group of active imine reductases were identified to convert the imine precursors into the corresponding enantiocomplementary fused-ring THIQs and THβCs with high enantioselectivity and conversion, establishing an efficient and green chemoenzymatic approach to fused-ring alkaloids from 2-arylethylamines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linsong Yang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianjiong Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Müller M, Germer P, Andexer JN. Biocatalytic One-Carbon Transfer – A Review. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review provides an overview of different C1 building blocks as substrates of enzymes, or part of their cofactors, and the resulting functionalized products. There is an emphasis on the broad range of possibilities of biocatalytic one-carbon extensions with C1 sources of different oxidation states. The identification of uncommon biosynthetic strategies, many of which might serve as templates for synthetic or biotechnological applications, towards one-carbon extensions is supported by recent genomic and metabolomic progress and hence we refer principally to literature spanning from 2014 to 2020.1 Introduction2 Methane, Methanol, and Methylamine3 Glycine4 Nitromethane5 SAM and SAM Ylide6 Other C1 Building Blocks7 Formaldehyde and Glyoxylate as Formaldehyde Equivalents8 Cyanide9 Formic Acid10 Formyl-CoA and Oxalyl-CoA11 Carbon Monoxide12 Carbon Dioxide13 Conclusions
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu J, Yang L, Wu J, Deng Z, Qu X. Engineering Imine Reductase for Efficient Biosynthesis of 1-Aryl-Tetrahydro-β-Carbolines and Their N-Methylation Products. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c06012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiequn Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Monterrey DT, Ayuso-Fernández I, Oroz-Guinea I, García-Junceda E. Design and biocatalytic applications of genetically fused multifunctional enzymes. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108016. [PMID: 35781046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fusion proteins, understood as those created by joining two or more genes that originally encoded independent proteins, have numerous applications in biotechnology, from analytical methods to metabolic engineering. The use of fusion enzymes in biocatalysis may be even more interesting due to the physical connection of enzymes catalyzing successive reactions into covalently linked complexes. The proximity of the active sites of two enzymes in multi-enzyme complexes can make a significant contribution to the catalytic efficiency of the reaction. However, the physical proximity of the active sites does not guarantee this result. Other aspects, such as the nature and length of the linker used for the fusion or the order in which the enzymes are fused, must be considered and optimized to achieve the expected increase in catalytic efficiency. In this review, we will relate the new advances in the design, creation, and use of fused enzymes with those achieved in biocatalysis over the past 20 years. Thus, we will discuss some examples of genetically fused enzymes and their application in carbon‑carbon bond formation and oxidative reactions, generation of chiral amines, synthesis of carbohydrates, biodegradation of plant biomass and plastics, and in the preparation of other high-value products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianelis T Monterrey
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Iván Ayuso-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Oroz-Guinea
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jouffroy M, Nguyen T, Cordier M, Blot M, Roisnel T, Gramage‐Doria R. Iridium‐Catalyzed Direct Reductive Amination of Ketones and Secondary Amines: Breaking the Aliphatic Wall. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201078. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Jouffroy
- Chemical Process R&D Discovery Process Research Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. Turnhoutseweg 30 2340 Beerse Belgium
| | - Thi‐Mo Nguyen
- Université de Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226 Rennes 35000 France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Université de Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226 Rennes 35000 France
| | - Marielle Blot
- Université de Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226 Rennes 35000 France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhan Z, Xu Z, Yu S, Feng J, Liu F, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D. Stereocomplementary Synthesis of a Key Intermediate for Tofacitinib via Enzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution‐Reductive Amination. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology Ministry of Education College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Fufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology Ministry of Education College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang J, Buekenhoudt A, Dael MV, Luis P, Satyawali Y, Malina R, Lizin S. A Techno-economic Assessment of a Biocatalytic Chiral Amine Production Process Integrated with In Situ Membrane Extraction. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Anita Buekenhoudt
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Miet Van Dael
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Patricia Luis
- Materials & Process Engineering (iMMC-IMAP), UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Research & Innovation Centre for Process Engineering (ReCIPE), Place Sainte Barbe, 2 bte L5.02.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Yamini Satyawali
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Robert Malina
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sebastien Lizin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jinno S, Senoo T, Mori K. Access to ortho-Hydroxyphenyl Ketimines via Imine Anion-Mediated Smiles Rearrangement. Org Lett 2022; 24:4140-4144. [PMID: 35670731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have achieved a facile access to N-(2-halophenyl)-2-hydroxyphenylimine derivatives via imine anion-mediated Smiles rearrangement. When 2-(2-halophenoxy)benzonitriles were treated with 1.2-1.4 equiv of organolithium reagents, nucleophilic addition to the nitrile group followed by Smiles rearrangement occurred to give various N-(2-halophenyl)-2-hydroxyphenylimine derivatives, which are sometimes difficult to synthesize by the conventional acid-promoted condensation reaction between carbonyl compounds and aniline derivatives, in good to excellent chemical yields (up to 91%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunki Jinno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Takahiro Senoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Keiji Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li Y, Hu N, Xu Z, Cui Y, Feng J, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D, Ma Y. Asymmetric Synthesis of N-Substituted 1,2-Amino Alcohols from Simple Aldehydes and Amines by One-Pot Sequential Enzymatic Hydroxymethylation and Asymmetric Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116344. [PMID: 35166000 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The chiral N-substituted 1,2-amino alcohol motif is found in many natural and synthetic bioactive compounds. In this study, enzymatic asymmetric reductive amination of α-hydroxymethyl ketones with enantiocomplementary imine reductases (IREDs) enabled the synthesis of chiral N-substituted 1,2-amino alcohols with excellent ee values (91-99 %) in moderate to high yields (41-84 %). Furthermore, a one-pot, two-step enzymatic process involving benzaldehyde lyase-catalyzed hydroxymethylation of aldehydes and subsequent asymmetric reductive amination was developed, offering an environmentally friendly and economical way to produce N-substituted 1,2-amino alcohols from readily available simple aldehydes and amines. This methodology was then applied to rapidly access a key synthetic intermediate of anti-malaria and cytotoxic tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shao F, Wang X, Zhao Z, Wei Z, Zhong X, Yao Z, Deng S, Wang S, Wang H, Li A, Wang J. Ru Cluster-Decorated Cu Nanoparticles Enhanced Selectivity to Imine from One-Pot Cascade Transformations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Shao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zijiang Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zhongzhe Wei
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhong
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Yao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shenwei Deng
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Aiyuan Li
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Hu N, Xu Z, Cui Y, Feng J, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D, Ma Y. Asymmetric Synthesis of
N
‐Substituted 1,2‐Amino Alcohols from Simple Aldehydes and Amines by One‐Pot Sequential Enzymatic Hydroxymethylation and Asymmetric Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Na Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rajakumara E, Abhishek S, Nitin K, Saniya D, Bajaj P, Schwaneberg U, Davari MD. Structure and Cooperativity in Substrate-Enzyme Interactions: Perspectives on Enzyme Engineering and Inhibitor Design. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:266-280. [PMID: 35041385 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-based synthetic chemistry provides a green way to synthesize industrially important chemical scaffolds and provides incomparable substrate specificity and unmatched stereo-, regio-, and chemoselective product formation. However, using biocatalysts at an industrial scale has its challenges, like their narrow substrate scope, limited stability in large-scale one-pot reactions, and low expression levels. These limitations can be overcome by engineering and fine-tuning these biocatalysts using advanced protein engineering methods. A detailed understanding of the enzyme structure and catalytic mechanism and its structure-function relationship, cooperativity in binding of substrates, and dynamics of substrate-enzyme-cofactor complexes is essential for rational enzyme engineering for a specific purpose. This Review covers all these aspects along with an in-depth categorization of various industrially and pharmaceutically crucial bisubstrate enzymes based on their reaction mechanisms and their active site and substrate/cofactor-binding site structures. As the bisubstrate enzymes constitute around 60% of the known industrially important enzymes, studying their mechanism of actions and structure-activity relationship gives significant insight into deciding the targets for protein engineering for developing industrial biocatalysts. Thus, this Review is focused on providing a comprehensive knowledge of the bisubstrate enzymes' structure, their mechanisms, and protein engineering approaches to develop them into industrial biocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eerappa Rajakumara
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Suman Abhishek
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Kulhar Nitin
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Dubey Saniya
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Priyanka Bajaj
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), NH-44, Balanagar, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mehdi D. Davari
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tong F, Qin Z, Wang H, Jiang Y, Li J, Ming H, Qu G, Xiao Y, Sun Z. Biosynthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols via an Engineered Amine Dehydrogenase in E. coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:778584. [PMID: 35071200 PMCID: PMC8766677 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.778584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral amino alcohols are prevalent synthons in pharmaceuticals and synthetic bioactive compounds. The efficient synthesis of chiral amino alcohols using ammonia as the sole amino donor under mild conditions is highly desired and challenging in organic chemistry and biotechnology. Our previous work explored a panel of engineered amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) derived from amino acid dehydrogenase (AADH), enabling the one-step synthesis of chiral amino alcohols via the asymmetric reductive amination of α-hydroxy ketones. Although the AmDH-directed asymmetric reduction is in a high stereoselective manner, the activity is yet fully excavated. Herein, an engineered AmDH derived from a leucine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina psychrophila (SpAmDH) was recruited as the starting enzyme, and the combinatorial active-site saturation test/iterative saturation mutagenesis (CAST/ISM) strategy was applied to improve the activity. After three rounds of mutagenesis in an iterative fashion, the best variant wh84 was obtained and proved to be effective in the asymmetric reductive amination of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone with 4-fold improvements in kcat/Km and total turnover number (TTN) values compared to those of the starting enzyme, while maintaining high enantioselectivity (ee >99%) and thermostability (T5015 >53°C). In preparative-scale reaction, the conversion of 100 and 200 mM 1-hydroxy-2-butanone catalyzed by wh84 was up to 91–99%. Insights into the source of an enhanced activity were gained by the computational analysis. Our work expands the catalytic repertoire and toolbox of AmDHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongmin Qin
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Junkuan Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ming
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang K, He Y, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Tang L, Cui L, Feng Y. Engineering of Reductive Aminases for Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiopure Rasagiline. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:798147. [PMID: 35004654 PMCID: PMC8727753 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.798147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reductive aminases (RedAms) for the stereoselective amination of ketones represent an environmentally benign and economically viable alternative to transition metal–catalyzed asymmetric chemical synthesis. Here, we report two RedAms from Aspergillus calidoustus (AcRedAm) and bacteria (BaRedAm) with NADPH-dependent features. The enzymes can synthesize a set of secondary amines using a broad range of ketone and amine substrates with up to 97% conversion. To synthesize the pharmaceutical ingredient (R)-rasagiline, we engineered AcRedAm through rational design to obtain highly stereoselective mutants. The best mutant Q237A from AcRedAm could synthesize (R)-rasagiline with >99% enantiomeric excess with moderate conversion. The features of AcRedAm and BaRedAm highlight their potential for further study and expand the biocatalytic toolbox for industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Deng L, Liu X, Song S. Recent advances in the asymmetric reduction of imines by recycled catalyst systems. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances relating to the asymmetric reduction of imines to afford optically active amines via recyclable catalyst systems are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis & Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis & Environmental New Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Shihua Song
- Porton Pharma Solutions Ltd, Fangzheng Avenue, Shuitu, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400067, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
M VNUM, Faidh MA, Chadha A. The ornithine cyclodeaminase/µ-crystallin superfamily of proteins: A novel family of oxidoreductases for the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral amines. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
|
30
|
Prejanò M, Sheng X, Himo F. Computational Study of Mechanism and Enantioselectivity of Imine Reductase from Amycolatopsis orientalis. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202100250. [PMID: 34825518 PMCID: PMC8734122 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Imine reductases (IREDs) are NADPH-dependent enzymes (NADPH=nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) that catalyze the reduction of imines to amines. They exhibit high enantioselectivity for a broad range of substrates, making them of interest for biocatalytic applications. In this work, we have employed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origins of enantioselectivity of IRED from Amycolatopsis orientalis. Two substrates are considered, namely 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline and 2-propyl-piperideine. A model of the active site is built on the basis of the available crystal structure. For both substrates, different binding modes are first evaluated, followed by calculation of the hydride transfer transition states from each complex. We have also investigated the effect of mutations of certain important active site residues (Tyr179Ala and Asn241Ala) on the enantioselectivity. The calculated energies are consistent with the experimental observations and the analysis of transition states geometries provides insights into the origins of enantioselectivity of this enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Prejanò
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Xiang Sheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjin300308China
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stockinger P, Borlinghaus N, Sharma M, Aberle B, Grogan G, Pleiss J, Nestl BM. Inverting the Stereoselectivity of an NADH-Dependent Imine-Reductase Variant. ChemCatChem 2021; 13:5210-5215. [PMID: 35873105 PMCID: PMC9297850 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Imine reductases (IREDs) offer biocatalytic routes to chiral amines and have a natural preference for the NADPH cofactor. In previous work, we reported enzyme engineering of the (R)-selective IRED from Myxococcus stipitatus (NADH-IRED-Ms) yielding a NADH-dependent variant with high catalytic efficiency. However, no IRED with NADH specificity and (S)-selectivity in asymmetric reductions has yet been reported. Herein, we applied semi-rational enzyme engineering to switch the selectivity of NADH-IRED-Ms. The quintuple variant A241V/H242Y/N243D/V244Y/A245L showed reverse stereopreference in the reduction of the cyclic imine 2-methylpyrroline compared to the wild-type and afforded the (S)-amine product with >99 % conversion and 91 % enantiomeric excess. We also report the crystal-structures of the NADPH-dependent (R)-IRED-Ms wild-type enzyme and the NADH-dependent NADH-IRED-Ms variant and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to rationalize the inverted stereoselectivity of the quintuple variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stockinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry Department of Technical Biochemistry Universitaet Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Niels Borlinghaus
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry Department of Technical Biochemistry Universitaet Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Mahima Sharma
- York Structural Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of York YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Benjamin Aberle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry Department of Technical Biochemistry Universitaet Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York Structural Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of York YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry Department of Technical Biochemistry Universitaet Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Bettina M Nestl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry Department of Technical Biochemistry Universitaet Stuttgart Allmandring 31 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Simić S, Zukić E, Schmermund L, Faber K, Winkler CK, Kroutil W. Shortening Synthetic Routes to Small Molecule Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Employing Biocatalytic Methods. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1052-1126. [PMID: 34846124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis, using enzymes for organic synthesis, has emerged as powerful tool for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The first industrial biocatalytic processes launched in the first half of the last century exploited whole-cell microorganisms where the specific enzyme at work was not known. In the meantime, novel molecular biology methods, such as efficient gene sequencing and synthesis, triggered breakthroughs in directed evolution for the rapid development of process-stable enzymes with broad substrate scope and good selectivities tailored for specific substrates. To date, enzymes are employed to enable shorter, more efficient, and more sustainable alternative routes toward (established) small molecule APIs, and are additionally used to perform standard reactions in API synthesis more efficiently. Herein, large-scale synthetic routes containing biocatalytic key steps toward >130 APIs of approved drugs and drug candidates are compared with the corresponding chemical protocols (if available) regarding the steps, reaction conditions, and scale. The review is structured according to the functional group formed in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Simić
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Erna Zukić
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Faber
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph K Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth─University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sellés Vidal L, Murray JW, Heap JT. Versatile selective evolutionary pressure using synthetic defect in universal metabolism. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6859. [PMID: 34824282 PMCID: PMC8616928 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-natural needs of industrial applications often require new or improved enzymes. The structures and properties of enzymes are difficult to predict or design de novo. Instead, semi-rational approaches mimicking evolution entail diversification of parent enzymes followed by evaluation of isolated variants. Artificial selection pressures coupling desired enzyme properties to cell growth could overcome this key bottleneck, but are usually narrow in scope. Here we show diverse enzymes using the ubiquitous cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) can substitute for defective NAD regeneration, representing a very broadly-applicable artificial selection. Inactivation of Escherichia coli genes required for anaerobic NAD regeneration causes a conditional growth defect. Cells are rescued by foreign enzymes connected to the metabolic network only via NAD or NADP, but only when their substrates are supplied. Using this principle, alcohol dehydrogenase, imine reductase and nitroreductase variants with desired selectivity modifications, and a high-performing isopropanol metabolic pathway, are isolated from libraries of millions of variants in single-round experiments with typical limited information to guide design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Sellés Vidal
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - James W. Murray
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - John T. Heap
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK ,grid.4563.40000 0004 1936 8868School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stein A, Chen D, Igareta NV, Cotelle Y, Rebelein JG, Ward TR. A Dual Anchoring Strategy for the Directed Evolution of Improved Artificial Transfer Hydrogenases Based on Carbonic Anhydrase. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1874-1884. [PMID: 34849402 PMCID: PMC8620556 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artificial metalloenzymes result from anchoring a metal cofactor within a host protein. Such hybrid catalysts combine the selectivity and specificity of enzymes with the versatility of (abiotic) transition metals to catalyze new-to-nature reactions in an evolvable scaffold. With the aim of improving the localization of an arylsulfonamide-bearing iridium-pianostool catalyst within human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) for the enantioselective reduction of prochiral imines, we introduced a covalent linkage between the host and the guest. Herein, we show that a judiciously positioned cysteine residue reacts with a p-nitropicolinamide ligand bound to iridium to afford an additional sulfonamide covalent linkage. Three rounds of directed evolution, performed on the dually anchored cofactor, led to improved activity and selectivity for the enantioselective reduction of harmaline (up to 97% ee (R) and >350 turnovers on a preparative scale). To evaluate the substrate scope, the best hits of each generation were tested with eight substrates. X-ray analysis, carried out at various stages of the evolutionary trajectory, was used to scrutinize (i) the nature of the covalent linkage between the cofactor and the host as well as (ii) the remodeling of the substrate-binding pocket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Stein
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Center of Competence in Research “Molecular Systems Engineering”, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dongping Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Center of Competence in Research “Molecular Systems Engineering”, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nico V. Igareta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Center of Competence in Research “Molecular Systems Engineering”, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yoann Cotelle
- Aix-Marseille
Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13284 Marseille, France
| | - Johannes G. Rebelein
- Max
Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas R. Ward
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Center of Competence in Research “Molecular Systems Engineering”, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Uma Mahesh VNM, Chadha A. Imine reduction by an Ornithine cyclodeaminase/μ-crystallin homolog purified from Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 31:e00664. [PMID: 34557391 PMCID: PMC8446579 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel imine reductase from yeast Candida parapsilosis purified and characterized. CpIM1 belongs to unexplored Ornithine cyclodeaminase/Mu crystallin protein family CpIM1 catalyzed stereospecific alkylamination of α-ketoacids/ketoesters. CpIM1 also reduced cyclic and aryl imines. First report on enzymatic alkylamination of α-ketoesters and reduction of arylimines.
We report a stereospecific imine reductase from Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 (CpIM1), a versatile biocatalyst and a rich source of highly stereospecific oxidoreductases. The recombinant gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the protein CpIM1 was purified to homogeneity. This protein belongs to the Ornithine cyclodeaminase/ μ-crystallin (OCD-Mu) family of proteins which has only a few characterized members. CpIM1 catalyzed the alkylamination of α-keto acids/esters producing exclusively (S)-N-alkyl amino acids/esters e.g. N-methyl-l-alanine with > 90% conversion and > 99% enantiomeric excess (ee). The enzyme showed the highest activity for the alkylamination of pyruvate and methylamine leading to N-methyl-l-alanine with an apparent KM of 15.04 ± 2.8 mM and Vmax of 13.75 ± 1.07 μmol/min/mg. CpIM1 also catalyzed (i) the reduction of imines e.g. 2-methyl-1-pyrroline to (S)-2-methylpyrrolidine with ∼30% conversion and 75% ee and (ii) the dehydrogenation of cyclic amino acids e.g. l-Proline (as monitered by reduction of cofactor NADP+ spectrophotometrically).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V N M Uma Mahesh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Anju Chadha
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.,National Center for Catalysis Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Duan S, Widlicka DW, Burns MP, Kumar R, Hotham I, Desrosiers JN, Bowles P, Jones KN, Nicholson LD, Buetti-Weekly MT, Han L, Steflik J, Hansen E, Hayward CM, Strohmeyer H, Monfette S, Sutton SC, Morris C. Application of Biocatalytic Reductive Amination for the Synthesis of a Key Intermediate to a CDK 2/4/6 Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Duan
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W. Widlicka
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michael P. Burns
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ian Hotham
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jean-Nicolas Desrosiers
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Paul Bowles
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kris N. Jones
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Lindsay D. Nicholson
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michele T. Buetti-Weekly
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Lu Han
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeremy Steflik
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Eric Hansen
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cheryl M. Hayward
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Holly Strohmeyer
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sébastien Monfette
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Scott C. Sutton
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Christopher Morris
- Chemical and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cigan E, Eggbauer B, Schrittwieser JH, Kroutil W. The role of biocatalysis in the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids - an update. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28223-28270. [PMID: 35480754 PMCID: PMC9038100 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are a group of natural products with interesting pharmacological properties and a long history of medicinal application. Their complex molecular structures have fascinated chemists for decades, and their total synthesis still poses a considerable challenge. In a previous review, we have illustrated how biocatalysis can make valuable contributions to the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids. The chemo-enzymatic strategies discussed therein have been further explored and improved in recent years, and advances in amine biocatalysis have vastly expanded the opportunities for incorporating enzymes into synthetic routes towards these important natural products. The present review summarises modern developments in chemo-enzymatic alkaloid synthesis since 2013, in which the biocatalytic transformations continue to take an increasingly 'central' role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Cigan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bettina Eggbauer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Joerg H Schrittwieser
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hall M. Enzymatic strategies for asymmetric synthesis. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:958-989. [PMID: 34458820 PMCID: PMC8341948 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00080b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes, at the turn of the 21st century, are gaining a momentum. Especially in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, a broad variety of biocatalysts are being applied in an increasing number of processes running at up to industrial scale. In addition to the advantages of employing enzymes under environmentally friendly reaction conditions, synthetic chemists are recognizing the value of enzymes connected to the exquisite selectivity of these natural (or engineered) catalysts. The use of hydrolases in enantioselective protocols paved the way to the application of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis, in particular in the context of biocatalytic (dynamic) kinetic resolutions. After two decades of impressive development, the field is now mature to propose a panel of catalytically diverse enzymes for (i) stereoselective reactions with prochiral compounds, such as double bond reduction and bond forming reactions, (ii) formal enantioselective replacement of one of two enantiotopic groups of prochiral substrates, as well as (iii) atroposelective reactions with noncentrally chiral compounds. In this review, the major enzymatic strategies broadly applicable in the asymmetric synthesis of optically pure chiral compounds are presented, with a focus on the reactions developed within the past decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Winkler CK, Simić S, Jurkaš V, Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, Poschenrieder S, Berger SA, Kulterer E, Kourist R, Kroutil W. Accelerated Reaction Engineering of Photo(bio)catalytic Reactions through Parallelization with an Open‐Source Photoreactor. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph K. Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Stefan Simić
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Valentina Jurkaš
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Silvan Poschenrieder
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sarah A. Berger
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Elisa Kulterer
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
- BioTechMed Graz 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth University of Graz 8010 Graz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yao P, Marshall JR, Xu Z, Lim J, Charnock SJ, Zhu D, Turner NJ. Asymmetric Synthesis of N-Substituted α-Amino Esters from α-Ketoesters via Imine Reductase-Catalyzed Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8717-8721. [PMID: 33555620 PMCID: PMC8048798 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
N-Substituted α-amino esters are widely used as chiral intermediates in a range of pharmaceuticals. Here we report the enantioselective biocatalyic synthesis of N-substituted α-amino esters through the direct reductive coupling of α-ketoesters and amines employing sequence diverse metagenomic imine reductases (IREDs). Both enantiomers of N-substituted α-amino esters were obtained with high conversion and excellent enantioselectivity under mild reaction conditions. In addition >20 different preparative scale transformations were performed highlighting the scalability of this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic TechnologyTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic AreaTianjin300308P.R. China
| | - James R. Marshall
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic TechnologyTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic AreaTianjin300308P.R. China
| | - Jesmine Lim
- Prozomix LtdBuilding 4, West End Ind. EstateHaltwhistleNE49 9HAUK
| | | | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic TechnologyTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic AreaTianjin300308P.R. China
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yao P, Marshall JR, Xu Z, Lim J, Charnock SJ, Zhu D, Turner NJ. Asymmetric Synthesis of
N
‐Substituted α‐Amino Esters from α‐Ketoesters via Imine Reductase‐Catalyzed Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yao
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - James R. Marshall
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Zefei Xu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Jesmine Lim
- Prozomix Ltd Building 4, West End Ind. Estate Haltwhistle NE49 9HA UK
| | - Simon J. Charnock
- Prozomix Ltd Building 4, West End Ind. Estate Haltwhistle NE49 9HA UK
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hollmann F, Opperman DJ, Paul CE. Biocatalytic Reduction Reactions from a Chemist's Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5644-5665. [PMID: 32330347 PMCID: PMC7983917 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reductions play a key role in organic synthesis, producing chiral products with new functionalities. Enzymes can catalyse such reactions with exquisite stereo-, regio- and chemoselectivity, leading the way to alternative shorter classical synthetic routes towards not only high-added-value compounds but also bulk chemicals. In this review we describe the synthetic state-of-the-art and potential of enzymes that catalyse reductions, ranging from carbonyl, enone and aromatic reductions to reductive aminations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hollmann
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of the Free State205 Nelson Mandela DriveBloemfontein9300South Africa
| | - Diederik J. Opperman
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of the Free State205 Nelson Mandela DriveBloemfontein9300South Africa
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Highly enantioselective transfer hydrogenation catalyzed by diasteromeric mixtures of axially chiral (aR,S)- and (aS,S)-Biscarbolines. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
44
|
Winkler C, Schrittwieser JH, Kroutil W. Power of Biocatalysis for Organic Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:55-71. [PMID: 33532569 PMCID: PMC7844857 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis, using defined enzymes for organic transformations, has become a common tool in organic synthesis, which is also frequently applied in industry. The generally high activity and outstanding stereo-, regio-, and chemoselectivity observed in many biotransformations are the result of a precise control of the reaction in the active site of the biocatalyst. This control is achieved by exact positioning of the reagents relative to each other in a fine-tuned 3D environment, by specific activating interactions between reagents and the protein, and by subtle movements of the catalyst. Enzyme engineering enables one to adapt the catalyst to the desired reaction and process. A well-filled biocatalytic toolbox is ready to be used for various reactions. Providing nonnatural reagents and conditions and evolving biocatalysts enables one to play with the myriad of options for creating novel transformations and thereby opening new, short pathways to desired target molecules. Combining several biocatalysts in one pot to perform several reactions concurrently increases the efficiency of biocatalysis even further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph
K. Winkler
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joerg H. Schrittwieser
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field
of Excellence BioHealth − University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed
Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bao QF, Li M, Xia Y, Wang YZ, Zhou ZZ, Liang YM. Visible-Light-Mediated Decarboxylative Radical Addition Bifunctionalization Cascade for the Production of 1,4-Amino Alcohols. Org Lett 2021; 23:1107-1112. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Fei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yin C, Pan Y, Zheng L, Lin B, Wen J, Zhang X. Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of N-phosphinoylimine. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01286f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On catalysis with an iridium tridentate catalyst, prochiral N-phosphinoylimines were hydrogenated with high enantioselectivity and reactivity. An outer-sphere reaction model was proposed in this hydrogenation of CN bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yingmin Pan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Longsheng Zheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Bijin Lin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Jialin Wen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Stockinger P, Schelle L, Schober B, Buchholz PCF, Pleiss J, Nestl BM. Engineering of Thermostable β-Hydroxyacid Dehydrogenase for the Asymmetric Reduction of Imines. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3511-3514. [PMID: 32939899 PMCID: PMC7756219 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The β-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase from Thermocrinus albus (Ta-βHAD), which catalyzes the NADP+ -dependent oxidation of β-hydroxyacids, was engineered to accept imines as substrates. The catalytic activity of the proton-donor variant K189D was further increased by the introduction of two nonpolar flanking residues (N192 L, N193 L). Engineering the putative alternative proton donor (D258S) and the gate-keeping residue (F250 A) led to a switched substrate specificity as compared to the single and triple variants. The two most active Ta-βHAD variants were applied to biocatalytic asymmetric reductions of imines at elevated temperatures and enabled enhanced product formation at a reaction temperature of 50 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stockinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Luca Schelle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Benedikt Schober
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Patrick C. F. Buchholz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Bettina M. Nestl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Velikogne S, Breukelaar WB, Hamm F, Glabonjat RA, Kroutil W. C=C-Ene-Reductases Reduce the C=N Bond of Oximes. ACS Catal 2020; 10:13377-13382. [PMID: 33251037 PMCID: PMC7685226 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although enzymes have been found for many reactions, there are still transformations for which no enzyme is known. For instance, not a single defined enzyme has been described for the reduction of the C=N bond of an oxime, only whole organisms. Such an enzymatic reduction of an oxime may give access to (chiral) amines. By serendipity, we found that the oxime moiety adjacent to a ketone as well as an ester group can be reduced by ene-reductases (ERs) to an intermediate amino group. ERs are well-known enzymes for the reduction of activated alkenes, as of α,β-unsaturated ketones. For the specific substrate used here, the amine intermediate spontaneously reacts further to tetrasubstituted pyrazines. This reduction reaction represents an unexpected promiscuous activity of ERs expanding the toolkit of transformations using enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Velikogne
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Willem B. Breukelaar
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Hamm
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ronald A. Glabonjat
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field
of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed
Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sultana M, Paul A, Roy L. Computational Investigation of the Mechanism of FLP Catalyzed H
2
Activation and Lewis Base Assisted Proton Transfer. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Munia Sultana
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Bhubaneswar IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar 751013 India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hollmann F, Opperman DJ, Paul CE. Biokatalytische Reduktionen aus der Sicht eines Chemikers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft Niederlande
- Department of Biotechnology University of the Free State 205 Nelson Mandela Drive Bloemfontein 9300 Südafrika
| | - Diederik J. Opperman
- Department of Biotechnology University of the Free State 205 Nelson Mandela Drive Bloemfontein 9300 Südafrika
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft Niederlande
| |
Collapse
|