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Cheng JT, Xiao LJ, Qian SQ, Zhuang Z, Liu A, Yu JQ. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Selective Arylation of Tertiary C-H Bonds of Cyclobutylmethyl Ketones Using Transient Directing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117233. [PMID: 35112447 PMCID: PMC9084898 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the first example of selective PdII -catalyzed tertiary C-H activation of cyclobutylmethyl ketones using a transient directing group. An electron-deficient 2-pyridone ligand was identified as the optimal external ligand to enable tertiary C-H activation. A variety of cyclobutylmethyl ketones bearing quaternary carbon centers was readily accessed without preinstalling internal directing groups in up to 81 % yield and >95 : 5 regioisomeric ratios of tertiary C-H arylation to β-methylene (β-methyl) or γ-C-H arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Li-Jun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shao-Qun Qian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Cheng J, Xiao L, Qian S, Zhuang Z, Liu A, Yu J. Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Selective Arylation of Tertiary C−H Bonds of Cyclobutylmethyl Ketones Using Transient Directing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Tang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China
| | - Li‐Jun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Shao‐Qun Qian
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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Martínez-Flores S, Mujica-Martinez CA, Polindara-García LA. Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C(sp2/sp3)‐H Arylation of Aryl‐glycinamide Derivatives Using Picolinamide as Directing Group. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martínez-Flores
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Química Ciudad Universitaria 04310 Ciudad de Mexico MEXICO
| | | | - Luis Angel Polindara-García
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Chemistry Institute Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de Mexico MEXICO
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5
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He Q, Yamazaki K, Ano Y, Chatani N. Palladium-Catalyzed Site-Selective [5 + 1] Annulation of Aromatic Amides with Alkenes: Acceleration of β-Hydride Elimination by Maleic Anhydride from Palladacycle. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan He
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Liu B, Romine AM, Rubel CZ, Engle KM, Shi BF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14957-15074. [PMID: 34714620 PMCID: PMC8968411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)-H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as the use of these directing groups has allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such as the requirement for high temperatures, the difficulty in removing or converting directing groups, and, although many metals provide some reactivity, the difficulty in employing metals outside of palladium. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of nonactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by covering the literature since 2004 in order to demonstrate the current state-of-the-art methods as well as the current limitations. For clarity, this review has been divided into nine sections by the transition metal catalyst with subdivisions by the type of bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Andrew M. Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
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Jacob C, Maes BUW, Evano G. Transient Directing Groups in Metal-Organic Cooperative Catalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13899-13952. [PMID: 34286873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The direct functionalization of C-H bonds is among the most fundamental chemical transformations in organic synthesis. However, when the innate reactivity of the substrate cannot be utilized for the functionalization of a given single C-H bond, this selective C-H bond functionalization mostly relies on the use of directing groups that allow bringing the catalyst in close proximity to the C-H bond to be activated and these directing groups need to be installed before and cleaved after the transformation, which involves two additional undesired synthetic operations. These additional steps dramatically reduce the overall impact and the attractiveness of C-H bond functionalization techniques since classical approaches based on substrate pre-functionalization are sometimes still more straightforward and appealing. During the past decade, a different approach involving both the in situ installation and removal of the directing group, which can then often be used in a catalytic manner, has emerged: the transient directing group strategy. In addition to its innovative character, this strategy has brought C-H bond functionalization to an unprecedented level of usefulness and has enabled the development of remarkably efficient processes for the direct and selective introduction of functional groups onto both aromatic and aliphatic substrates. The processes unlocked by the development of these transient directing groups will be comprehensively overviewed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Jacob
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Transient directing ligands for selective metal-catalysed C–H activation. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:646-659. [PMID: 37118417 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation is a 'simple-to-complex' transformation that nature has perfected over millions of years of evolution. Transition-metal-catalysed C-H activation has emerged as an expeditious means to expand the chemical space by introducing diverse functionalities. Notably, among the strategies to selectively cleave a particular C-H bond, the catalytic use of a small molecule as co-catalyst to generate a transient directing group, which provides a balance between step economy and chemical productivity, has gained immense attention in recent years. This allows one to convert a desired C-H bond irrespective of its geometrical or stereochemical configuration. This Review describes the various transient directing groups used in C-H activation and explains their mechanistic significance.
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Luo J, Fu Q. Aldehyde‐Directed C(
sp
2
)−H Functionalization under Transition‐Metal Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 610041 P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 P. R. China
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Jiang J, Yuan D, Ma C, Song W, Lin Y, Hu L, Zhang Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Regiospecific peri- and ortho-C-H Oxygenations of Polyaromatic Rings Mediated by Tunable Directing Groups. Org Lett 2021; 23:279-284. [PMID: 33352055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient divergent approach of Pd-catalyzed C-H oxygenation of polyaromatic rings is described. Reversible directing groups enable regiospecific peri- and ortho-oxygenation to readily access a wide array of polyaromatic phenols without pre- and postmanipulation of directing groups. The systematic mechanistic investigation, including deuterium-labeling experiments, palladacycle trapping, and DFT calculations, reveals that the tunable ligand-assisted C-H bond cleavage played a crucial role during the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Congzhe Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wanbin Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yaoyu Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Mingo MM, Rodríguez N, Arrayás RG, Carretero JC. Remote C(sp 3)–H functionalization via catalytic cyclometallation: beyond five-membered ring metallacycle intermediates. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite impressive recent momentum gained in C(sp3)–H activation, achieving high regioselectivity in molecules containing different C–H bonds with similar high energy without abusing tailored substitution remains as one of the biggest challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Martínez Mingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Ramón Gómez Arrayás
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Juan C. Carretero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
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Li XR, Chen SQ, Fan J, Li CJ, Wang X, Liu ZW, Shi XY. Controllable Tandem [3+2] Cyclization of Aromatic Aldehydes with Maleimides: Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Divergent Synthesis of Indane-Fused Pyrrolidine-2,5-dione. Org Lett 2020; 22:8808-8813. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Li
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Si-Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Zhong-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Xian-Ying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
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Higham JI, Bull JA. Transient imine directing groups for the C-H functionalisation of aldehydes, ketones and amines: an update 2018-2020. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7291-7315. [PMID: 32926032 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01587c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The use of pre-installed directing groups has become a popular and powerful strategy to control site selectivity in transition metal catalysed C-H functionalisation reactions. However, the necessity for directing group installation and removal reduces the efficiency of a directed C-H functionalisation method. To overcome this limitation, taking inspiration from organocatalytic methodologies, the use of transient directing groups has arisen. These methods allow for a transient ligand to be used, potentially in catalytic quantities, without the need for discrete installation or removal steps, enabling the discovery of more efficient, and mechanistically intriguing, dual catalytic methods. This review summarises recent developments in this fast moving field covering >70 new methodologies, highlighting new directing group designs and advances in mechanistic understanding. It covers progress since 2018, providing an update to our previous review of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe I Higham
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Ding M, Hua W, Liu M, Zhang F. Pd-Catalyzed C(sp 3)-H Biarylation via Transient Directing Group Strategy. Org Lett 2020; 22:7419-7423. [PMID: 32946696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a highly selective Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H biarylation of 2-methylbenzaldehydes using cyclic diaryliodonium salts as arylation reagents. The key strategy is the employment of tert-leucine as a bidentate transient directing group for the proximity-driven metalation to achieve reactivity and selectivity in C-H activation. Various functionalized biaryls bearing both aldehyde and iodine functional groups were prepared successfully, which could be further transformed into a wide range of compounds with potential applications in pharmaceutical chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fengzhi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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Wen F, Li Z. Glycinamide hydrochloride as a transient directing group: Synthesis of 2-benzylbenzaldehydes by C(sp3)−H arylation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1802759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wen
- College of Chemistry and chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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Park HS, Fan Z, Zhu RY, Yu JQ. Distal γ-C(sp 3 )-H Olefination of Ketone Derivatives and Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12853-12859. [PMID: 32385966 PMCID: PMC7494175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the distal γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone derivatives and free carboxylic acids. Fine tuning of a previously reported imino-acid directing group and using the ligand combination of a mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) and an electron-deficient 2-pyridone were critical for the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone substrates. In addition, MPAAs enabled the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of free carboxylic acids to form diverse six-membered lactones. Besides alkyl carboxylic acids, benzylic C(sp3 )-H bonds also could be functionalized to form 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures in a single step from 2-methyl benzoic acid derivatives. The utility of these protocols was demonstrated in large scale reactions and diversification of the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefinated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ru-Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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Park HS, Fan Z, Zhu R, Yu J. Distal γ‐C(sp
3
)−H Olefination of Ketone Derivatives and Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Ru‐Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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19
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Chen YQ, Wu Y, Wang Z, Qiao JX, Yu JQ. Transient Directing Group Enabled Pd-catalyzed γ-C(sp 3)-H Oxygenation of Alkyl Amines. ACS Catal 2020; 10:5657-5662. [PMID: 33996194 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a general protocol for γ-C(sp3)-H acyloxylation and alkoxylation of free amines using 2-hydroxynicotinaldehyde as the transient directing group. In the presence of an electrophilic fluorinating bystanding oxidant and acetic acid, a wide range of aliphatic amines could be oxygenated selectively at the γ-methyl positions. A vast variety of aryl, heteroaryl, and aliphatic acids could also be successfully coupled under this C-O bond formation reaction to afford amine containing esters. Switching the nucleophile from acids to alcohols enables alkoxylation of free amines. Importantly, natural products and drug molecules such as ibuprofen, isozepac, fenbufen, and lithocholic acid are all compatible coupling partners. Notably, synthesis of these mono-protected amino alcohols from free amino alcohols using conventional selective protection are not always feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yongwei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jennifer X. Qiao
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Richa, Kumar R, Zhang X, Su W. Direct remote δ-C(sp2)–H olefination of β-aryl-substituted aliphatic aldehydes via palladium/enamine co-catalysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00911c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed direct remote δ-C(sp2)–H olefination of β-aryl-substituted aliphatic aldehydes has been achieved using a catalytic amount of secondary amine (n-Bu)2NH as a co-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- People's Republic of China
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