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Kong F, Chen S, Chen J, Liu C, Zhu W, Dickie DA, Schinski WL, Zhang S, Ess DH, Gunnoe TB. Cu(II) carboxylate arene C─H functionalization: Tuning for nonradical pathways. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd1594. [PMID: 36001664 PMCID: PMC9401614 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report carbon-hydrogen acetoxylation of nondirected arenes benzene and toluene, as well as related functionalization with pivalate and 2-ethylhexanoate ester groups, using simple copper(II) [Cu(II)] salts with over 80% yield. By changing the ratio of benzene and Cu(II) salts, 2.4% conversion of benzene can be reached. Combined experimental and computational studies results indicate that the arene carbon-hydrogen functionalization likely occurs by a nonradical Cu(II)-mediated organometallic pathway. The Cu(II) salts used in the reaction can be isolated, recycled, and reused with little change in reactivity. In addition, the Cu(II) salts can be regenerated in situ using oxygen and, after the removal of the generated water, the arene carbon-hydrogen acetoxylation and related esterification reactions can be continued, which leads to a process that enables recycling of Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Shusen Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Junqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Weihao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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Liu M, Mao Z, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X. Pd-catalyzed Site-selective direct arene C H arylation of Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives with aryl iodides. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Niu Y, Yan CX, Yang XX, Bai PB, Zhou PP, Yang SD. Solvent-controlled regioselective arylation of indoles and mechanistic explorations. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01454d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new reaction for the regioselective arylation of indoles at C2 or C3 positions achieved by adjusting the solvent and with P(O)tBu2 as an auxiliary group is reported. And the experimental results and DFT confirmed the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao-Xian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng-Bo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Urgoitia G, Herrero MT, Churruca F, Conde N, SanMartin R. Direct Arylation in the Presence of Palladium Pincer Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:4385. [PMID: 34299661 PMCID: PMC8305722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct arylation is an atom-economical alternative to more established procedures such as Stille, Suzuki or Negishi arylation reactions. In comparison with other palladium sources and ligands, the use of palladium pincer complexes as catalysts or pre-catalysts for direct arylation has resulted in improved efficiency, higher reaction yields, and advantageous reaction conditions. In addition to a revision of the literature concerning intra- and intermolecular direct arylation reactions performed in the presence of palladium pincer complexes, the role of these remarkably active catalysts will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Raul SanMartin
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; (G.U.); (M.T.H.); (F.C.); (N.C.)
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5
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Ankade SB, Shabade AB, Soni V, Punji B. Unactivated Alkyl Halides in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Bond Alkylation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shidheshwar B. Ankade
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR−National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR−NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Anand B. Shabade
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR−National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR−NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Vineeta Soni
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR−National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR−NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Benudhar Punji
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR−National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR−NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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Kumar P, Nagtilak PJ, Kapur M. Transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalizations of indoles. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01696b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises a wide range of transformations on the indole skeleton, including arylation, alkenylation, alkynylation, acylation, nitration, borylation, and amidation, using transition-metal catalyzed C–H functionalization as the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| | - Prajyot Jayadev Nagtilak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
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Aneeja T, Neetha M, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Progress and prospects in copper-catalyzed C-H functionalization. RSC Adv 2020; 10:34429-34458. [PMID: 35514395 PMCID: PMC9056871 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06518h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed C-H functionalization is becoming a significant area in organic chemistry. Copper is now widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis as it is inexpensive and not very toxic. Functionalization of C-H bonds to construct wide varieties of organic compounds has received much attention in recent times. This review focuses on the recent advances in Cu-catalyzed C-H functionalization and covers literature from 2018-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - C M A Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
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