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Thowfik S, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Ruthenium-catalyzed hydroarylation reactions as the strategy towards the synthesis of alkylated arenes and substituted alkenes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6246-6263. [PMID: 36825293 PMCID: PMC9942110 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00211j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed hydroarylation reactions are always powerful tools in organic synthesis since they can form C-C or C-heteroatom bonds in an atom and step economic manner. Medicinally and biologically relevant scaffolds can be easily and efficiently synthesized using this strategy. By tuning the directing groups that are present on the arenes, regioselectivity can be induced to the C-H activation. Metals like cobalt, rhodium and ruthenium are well known as catalysts in this type of reaction. But due to their easy availability and efficiency, Ru catalysts are found to be more preferable for hydroarylation purposes. In this review, the Ru-catalyzed hydroarylation of alkenes and alkynes, intramolecular Ru-catalyzed hydroarylation of olefin tethered arenes, modifications in the catalytic system to improve the catalytic efficiency, and carboxylate-assisted Ru-catalyzed hydroarylation reactions are discussed in detail, covering literature from 2016 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salam Thowfik
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi UniversityPriyadarsini Hills P OKottayamKerala686560India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi UniversityPriyadarsini Hills P OKottayamKerala686560India(+91) 481-2731036
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
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Afsina CMA, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. Zinc-Catalyzed C-C Coupling Reactions. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2023_87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Saranya PV, Anilkumar G, Neetha M, Afsina CMA. An overview of Ruthenium-catalyzed multicomponent reactions. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220915151951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
In multicomponent reactions (MCRs), highly functionalized compounds can be formed through the reaction between three or more reactants in a one-pot manner. These reactions provide products through the utilization of a lesser amounts of energy, time, and effort. MCRs also possess advantages like the generation of lesser waste materials, fewer resources are needed, high convergence etc. In terms of energy economy and atom economy, MCRs are superior to multistep synthesis. A wide range of products can be acquired by combining the reagents in a variety of ways and thus MCRs became popular in various fields such as catalysis, pharmaceutical chemistry, material science, agrochemistry, fine chemistry and so on. MCRs obey the principles of green chemistry because these approaches are simple and eco-friendly. MCR is established as an unrivalled synthetic technique and is used by chemists at an accelerating rate in recent years. Ruthenium catalysts are cheap in comparison to palladium and rhodium, and generally show high activity. Ru possesses wide-ranging oxidation states due to its 4d75s1 electronic configuration. Numerous organic reactions are catalyzed by ruthenium and they are utilized in the formation of a wide range of pharmaceuticals and natural products, with biological importance. Minimum amounts of waste materials are formed in most of the ruthenium-catalyzed reactions and hence ruthenium catalysis pave way to environmentally benign protocols. Ruthenium chemistry has had a really big impact on organic synthesis in recent years that it is now on par with palladium in terms of relevance. The developments in the field of ruthenium-catalyzed multicomponent reactions are highlighted in this review, covering the literature up to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, INDIA
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, INDIA
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, INDIA
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Hisana KN, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Copper-catalyzed N-arylation of indoles. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220527140651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Over the past decades, the N-arylation of indoles has gained an inevitable role in the fields of material science, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemical industries. They are the basic core skeleton of many natural products. Their synthesis by Ullmann-type C–N coupling reaction of indole derivatives with aryl halides through various catalytic protocols is well explored. Transition metal catalysis was the best method for synthesizing 1-aryl indoles, and copper catalysis is the leading among them. This review comprehends the recent developments in the copper-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling of indoles with aryl halides from 2010 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C M A Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam, Kerala, INDIA
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam, Kerala, INDIA
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Nihala R, Hisana KN, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Applications of iron pincer complexes in hydrosilylation reactions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24339-24361. [PMID: 36128525 PMCID: PMC9414319 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04239h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its abundance, low cost and low toxicity, the first-row transition metal, iron is widely preferred as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The only drawback of lower selectivity due to high reactivity and low stability of the metal centre is tuned by using pincer ligands of different types. The different iron pincer complexes thus prepared are extensively used in catalyzing different types of organic reactions with great selectivity and functional group tolerance under moderate reaction conditions. In this review, we focus on the applications of iron pincer complexes in hydrosilylation reactions, especially the hydrosilylation of carbonyl derivatives and alkene/alkynes. Iron pincer complexes are efficient in catalyzing various organic reactions with excellent selectivity and functional group tolerance at moderate reaction conditions. This review focuses on the applications of iron pincer complexes in hydrosilylation reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheed Nihala
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India, +91-481-2731036
| | - Kalathingal Nasreen Hisana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India, +91-481-2731036
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
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Shamna S, Afsina CMA, Philip RM, Anilkumar G. Recent advances and prospects in the Zn-catalysed Mannich reaction. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9098-9111. [PMID: 35423453 PMCID: PMC8695403 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Zn-catalysed reactions are ubiquitously important due to their inexpensive, generally less toxic and atom-economic nature. According to the modern criteria of sustainability, their use in a catalytic manner is a highly desirable goal, especially when using chiral ligands. Considering the relevance of well-established zinc-mediated C-C bond formation reactions, it is relatively surprising that the use of Zn as a catalyst is still underdeveloped, especially in comparison with other transition metals. The vast majority of natural molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids and most biologically active compounds, contain nitrogen. Consequently, developing new synthetic methods for the construction of nitrogenous molecules receives great attention from organic chemists. The Mannich reaction is a very basic and very useful platform for the development of several such nitrogen-containing molecules. In this review, we summarise the recent advancements in the Zn-catalysed Mannich reaction, covering the literature from 2011 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salahudeen Shamna
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills Kottayam Kerala 686560 India +91-481-273-1036
| | - C M A Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills Kottayam Kerala 686560 India +91-481-273-1036
| | - Rose Mary Philip
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills Kottayam Kerala 686560 India +91-481-273-1036
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills Kottayam Kerala 686560 India +91-481-273-1036
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
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Abstract
The copper-catalyzed N-arylation of pyrroles has attracted great attention in organic synthesis due to its wide applications in medicinal chemistry, natural products, etc. Here, we summarize the overall advances in the copper-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling of pyrroles with aryl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalathingal Nasreen Hisana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
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Anilkumar G, Aneeja T, M A Afsina C. Recent Advances in the Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Benzofuran and Indole Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-20-sr(k)1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
Manganese-catalyzed C–H activation has become an emerging area in organic chemistry. These efficient and eco-friendly manganese catalysed reactions provides new opportunities in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC)
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Aneeja T, Neetha M, Afsina CMA, Anilkumar G. Progress and prospects in copper-catalyzed C-H functionalization. RSC Adv 2020; 10:34429-34458. [PMID: 35514395 PMCID: PMC9056871 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06518h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed C-H functionalization is becoming a significant area in organic chemistry. Copper is now widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis as it is inexpensive and not very toxic. Functionalization of C-H bonds to construct wide varieties of organic compounds has received much attention in recent times. This review focuses on the recent advances in Cu-catalyzed C-H functionalization and covers literature from 2018-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - C M A Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India (+91) 481-2731036
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
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Neetha M, Afsina CMA, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. Recent advances and prospects in the palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides. RSC Adv 2020; 10:33683-33699. [PMID: 35519018 PMCID: PMC9056778 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05960a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl nitriles are compounds with wide significance. They have made their own space in various sectors including pharmaceuticals, industries, natural product chemistry, and so on. Furthermore, they are also key intermediates in various transformations in organic chemistry. Transition metal-catalyzed cyanation reactions have proved to be a better replacement for the existing traditional synthetic strategies for aryl nitriles. Palladium is one of the most studied transition metals other than copper and nickel owing to its wide functional group compatibility and catalytic efficacy. There have been drastic developments in the field of palladium-catalyzed cyanation since its discovery in the 1973. This review summarizes the recent developments in the palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides and covers literature from 2012-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - C M A Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
- Institute for Integrated Programs and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala India 686560
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam 686560 Kerala India
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam 686560 Kerala India
| | - C. M. A. Afsina
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam 686560 Kerala India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam 686560 Kerala India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS) Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam, 686 560 Kerala India
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