1
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Janaagal A, Kushwaha A, Jhaldiyal P, Dhilip Kumar TJ, Gupta I. Photoredox Catalysis by 21-Thiaporphyrins: A Green and Efficient Approach for C-N Borylation and C-H Arylation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401623. [PMID: 38825798 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis provides a green and sustainable alternative for C-H activation of organic molecules that eludes harsh conditions and use of transition metals. The photocatalytic C-N borylation and C-H arylation mostly depend on the ruthenium and iridium complexes or eosin Y and the use of porphyrin catalysts is still in infancy. A series of novel 21-thiaporphyrins (A2B2 and A3B type) were synthesized having carbazole/phenothiazine moieties at their meso-positions and screened as catalysts for C-N borylation and C-H arylation. This paper demonstrates the 21-thiaporphyrin catalyzed C-N borylation and het-arylation of anilines under visible light. The method utilizes only 0.1 mol % of 21-thiaporphyrin catalyst under blue light for the direct C-N borylation and het-arylation reactions. A variety of substituted anilines were used as source for expensive and unstable aryl diazonium salts in the reactions. The heterobiaryls and aryl boronic esters were obtained in decent yields (up to 88 %). Versatility of the 21-thiaporphyrin catalyst was tested by thiolation and selenylation of anilines under similar conditions. Mechanistic insight was obtained from DFT studies, suggesting that 21-thiaporphyrin undergo an oxidative quenching pathway. The photoredox process catalyzed by 21-thiaporphyrins offers a mild, efficient and metal-free alternative for the formation of C-C, C-S, and C-Se bonds in aryl compounds; it can also be extended to borylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Janaagal
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - Apoorv Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Rupnagar, 140001, India
| | - Pranjali Jhaldiyal
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - T J Dhilip Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Rupnagar, 140001, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
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2
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Mandal T, Chaturvedi A, Azim A, Maji R, De Sarkar S. Earth-Abundant Recyclable Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Green-light Mediated C-H Arylation in Heterogeneous Phase. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401617. [PMID: 38788130 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
A magnetically isolable iron oxide nanoparticles is introduced as an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for non-directed C-H arylation employing aryl diazonium salts as the aryl precursors. This first-row transition metal-based photocatalyst revealed versatile activities and is applicable to a wide range of substrates, demonstrating brilliant efficacy and superior recyclability. Detailed catalytic characterization describes the physical properties and redox behavior of the Fe-catalyst. Adequate control experiments helped to establish the radical-based mechanism for the C-H arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Ashwin Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Aznur Azim
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Rohan Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
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3
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Deckers C, Rehm TH. In situ Diazonium Salt Formation and Photochemical Aryl-Aryl Coupling in Continuous Flow Monitored by Inline NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303692. [PMID: 38462439 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel class of diazonium salts is introduced for the photochemical aryl-aryl coupling to produce (substituted) biphenyls. As common diazonium tetrafluoroborate salts fail, soluble and safe aryl diazonium trifluoroacetates are applied. In this mild synthesis route no catalysts are required to generate an aryl-radical by irradiation with UV-A light (365 nm). This reactive species undergoes direct C-H arylation at an arene, forming the product in reasonable reaction times. With the implementation of a continuous flow setup in a capillary photoreactor 13 different biphenyl derivatives are successfully synthesized. By integrating an inline 19F-NMR benchtop spectrometer, samples are reliably quantified as the fluorine-substituents act as a probe. Here, real-time NMR spectroscopy is a perfect tool to monitor the continuously operated system, which produces fine chemicals of industrial relevance even in a multigram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Deckers
- Division Chemistry, Sustainable Chemical Syntheses Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas H Rehm
- Division Chemistry, Sustainable Chemical Syntheses Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany
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4
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da S. Santos B, Finelli FG, Spring DR. Photoredox C(2)-Arylation of Indole- and Tryptophan-Containing Biomolecules. Org Lett 2024; 26:4065-4070. [PMID: 38696591 PMCID: PMC11194849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
We introduce a novel and straightforward methodology for photoredox arylation of an indole scaffold using aryldiazonium salts under mild and metal-free conditions. Our approach enables the regioselective and chemoselective introduction of several aryl groups to the C(2) position of indoles and tryptophan, even in competition with other amino acids. This approach extends to the late-stage functionalization of peptides and lysozyme, heralding the unprecedented arylation of tryptophan residues in wild-type proteins and offering broad utility in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno
M. da S. Santos
- Instituto
de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G. Finelli
- Instituto
de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - David R. Spring
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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5
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Tang LJ, Zhu WC, Deng HH, Jiang YF, Liu XY, Rao W, Shen SS, Song P, Wang SY. Visible Light-Catalyzed Reactions of Polysulfide (DBSPS) with Aryldiazonium. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400086. [PMID: 38676953 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
A visible light-catalyzed radical coupling reaction of polysulfide reagents with aryldiazonium was developed, which gave thiosulfonates under mild conditions. In this reaction, the thiosulfonates were isolated in good yields with a broad tolerance to functional groups. And the synthesis of diaryl monosulfides were achieved through a step-by-step reaction of two molecular aryldiazonium with DBSPS, where the sulfur source was provided by DBSPS. It was worth noting that the reaction of this monosulfides could also be achieved by a one pot two-step process. The described polysulfide reagents were able to produce three new radicals: sulfonyl radicals, sulfur-sulfonyl radicals and sulfur-sulfur-sulfonyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Juan Tang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Nantong University, No.1 Nanhai Road, Nantong, 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-He Deng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Su Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
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6
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Lee S, Sim J, Lee A. Base-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Selenosulfides: A Base Basicity-Controlled Approach. J Org Chem 2024; 89:748-755. [PMID: 38127795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel and efficient sequential one-pot synthesis of selenosulfides via a base-catalyzed methodology utilizing readily available starting compounds, under mild reaction conditions. This method eliminated the need for excess oxidants or additives and simplified the synthesis procedure. Furthermore, organic amine bases served as exceptional catalysts for synthesizing the target products. The performance of a catalytic system depends on the basicity of the bases. The selection of suitable bases, based on their pKaH values, is crucial for the selective synthesis of selenosulfides without the formation of byproducts. This method provides a direct route for the preparation of selenosulfides, which are important scaffolds in organic chemistry.
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7
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Li JS, Liu J, Wang YT, Dai JY, Li ZW, Luo WW, Zhang YF, Liu HW, Liu WD. Diazotization-Enabled Deaminative Late-Stage Functionalization of Primary Sulfonamides. Org Lett 2023; 25:8263-8268. [PMID: 37947421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
We, for the first time, disclosed a simple and efficient strategy for the late-stage functionalization of primary sulfonamides by diazotization, leading to sulfonyl chlorides, sulfonates, and complex sulfonamides. This protocol obviates the requirement for the prefunctionalization of sulfonamides. Its applicability is exemplified by the late-stage functionalization of sulfonamide-type drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Sheng Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yao-Tian Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jia-Ying Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Wei-Wei Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yue-Fei Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Han-Wen Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of CytoChemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha 410007, China
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8
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Li Z, Chen L, Rong D, Yuan L, Xie Y. Photochemical acridone-mediated direct arylation of (hetero)arenes with aryl diazonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8739-8743. [PMID: 37872813 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01389h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free photochemical C-H direct arylation using acridone as a photoredox catalyst to facilitate the reaction is described. Diazonium salts as precursors for aryl radicals, demonstrated by a fluorescence quenching experiment and free radical trapping experiment, allow the functionalization of (hetero)arenes under mild conditions. A series of valuable substituted biaryl and aryl-heteroaryl compounds were prepared in moderate to good yields via the coupling. Moreover, this methodology is shown to be applicable to scale-up synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Dayou Rong
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Longfeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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9
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Antolinc K, Brodnik H, Grošelj U, Štefane B, Petek N, Svete J. Catalytic Photoredox C-H Arylation of 4-Oxo-4 H-pyrido[1,2- a]pyrimidine-3-diazonium Tetrafluoroborates and Related Heteroaryl Diazonium Salts. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13934-13945. [PMID: 37676813 PMCID: PMC10563132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Irradiation of mixtures of title diazonium salts and heteroarenes with green light (510 nm) in the presence of eosin Y disodium salt (EY-Na2) as a photocatalyst furnished the corresponding arylation products in 8-63% yields. The proposed photocatalytic cycle is analogous to that proposed previously for closely related photoredox C-H arylations with aryl diazonium salts as aryl radical sources. This method has a broad substrate scope and represents a metal-free alternative for the synthesis of 3-heteroaryl-substituted 4H-quinolizin-4-ones and azino- and azolo-fused pyrimidones with a bridgehead nitrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Antolinc
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Brodnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bogdan Štefane
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Petek
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Svete
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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10
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Patil DV, Ramesh K, Kim HY, Oh K. Visible-Light-Promoted Aryl Cation Formation: Aromatic S N1 Reactions of Areneazo-2-(2-nitro)propanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7204-7208. [PMID: 37737122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The visible light excitation of areneazo-2-(2-nitro)propane·HCl salts generated the singlet aryl cation that readily underwent aromatic SN1 reactions with a variety of nucleophiles. The in situ generated singlet aryl cation was stabilized by a counter nitronate anion that prevented other intersystem crossing and single electron transfer processes. With the improved safety features of neutral areneazo-2-(2-nitro)propane derivatives, the current visible-light-promoted aromatic SN1 reactions provide an alternative aryl Csp2-X bond forming strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip V Patil
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Karu Ramesh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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11
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Narayanan AC, Venkatesh R, Singh S, Singh G, Modi G, Singh S, Kandasamy J. Synthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides from acrylic esters of glucose and aryldiazonium salts via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and evaluation of their anti-Alzheimer activity. Carbohydr Res 2023; 532:108920. [PMID: 37586143 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamic acid-containing sugar compounds such as phenylethanoid glycosides are widely present in nature and display various biological activities. In this work, the synthesis of trans-cinnamic acid containing phenylethanoid glycosides was achieved via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between glycosyl acrylic esters and aryldiazonium salts. A wide range of functionalized aryldiazonium salts were successfully coupled with 6-O- and 4-O-acrylic esters of glucose under optimized conditions. The reactions proceeded at room temperature in the absence of additives and base. The desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields. Selected compounds from the library were screened for anti-Alzheimer activity, while compound 16 displayed significant inhibitory activities against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi C Narayanan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Rapelly Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Gourav Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Gyan Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sundaram Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India; Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India.
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12
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Kher K, Dhaker M, Baroliya PK. Recent advances in electrochemical functionalization using diazonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7052-7061. [PMID: 37610707 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00978e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Arenediazonium salts have gained attention in the scientific community due to their numerous synthetic applications. In the traditional method of dediazoniation of arenediazonium salts, the requirements for toxic oxidants and costly catalysts affect their cost-effectiveness and sustainability. However, recent advances in synthetic organic electrochemistry allow for the in situ reduction of arenediazonium salts, affording different functionalizations under mild reaction conditions and with a shorter reaction time. Herein, we report advances up to now of facile organic electrochemical syntheses using arenediazonium salt precursors that avoid the use of hazardous reductants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kher
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India.
| | - Mukesh Dhaker
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India.
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13
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Vincent CA, Ripak A, Troian-Gautier L, Tambar UK. Photocatalytic conversion of aryl diazonium salts to sulfonyl fluorides. Tetrahedron 2023; 139:133364. [PMID: 38404686 PMCID: PMC10887421 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonyl fluorides have emerged as powerful tools in chemical biology for the selective labelling of proteins. A photocatalytic method is described for the conversion of aryl diazonium salts to aryl sulfonyl fluorides. The diazonium substrates are easily obtained in one step from functionalized anilines. We present the optimization of this mild method for the synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides, the scope of the transformation with a series of functionalized diazonium salts, and we discuss photophysical measurements that provide detailed information about the mechanism of the photochemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper A. Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9038, United States
| | - Alexia Ripak
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Uttam K. Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9038, United States
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14
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Ripak A, De Kreijger S, Sampaio RN, Vincent CA, Cauët É, Jabin I, Tambar UK, Elias B, Troian-Gautier L. Photosensitized Activation of Diazonium Derivatives for C-B Bond Formation. CHEM CATALYSIS 2023; 3:100490. [PMID: 36936750 PMCID: PMC10022585 DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2022.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aryl diazonium salts are ubiquitous building blocks in chemistry, as they are useful radical precursors in organic synthesis as well as for the functionalization of solid materials. They can be reduced electrochemically or through a photo-induced electron transfer reaction. Here we provide a detailed picture of the ground and excited-state reactivity of a series of 9 rare and earth abundant photosensitizers with 13 aryl diazonium salts, which also included 3 macrocyclic calix[4]arene tetradiazonium salts. Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy confirmed the occurrence of excited-state electron transfer and was used to quantify cage-escape yields, i.e. the efficiency with which the formed radicals separate and escape the solvent cage. Cage-escape yields were large; increased when the driving force for photo-induced electron transfer increased and also tracked with the C-N2 + bond cleavage propensity, amongst others. A photo-induced borylation reaction was then investigated with all the photosensitizers and proceeded with yields between 9 and 74%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Ripak
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Simon De Kreijger
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Renato N. Sampaio
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3290, United States
| | - Cooper A. Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Émilie Cauët
- Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (CP 160/09), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, CP160/09, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Uttam K. Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Benjamin Elias
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Lead contact
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15
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Sirvinskaite G, Reisenbauer JC, Morandi B. Deaminative coupling of benzylamines and arylboronic acids. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1709-1714. [PMID: 36819866 PMCID: PMC9930926 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06055h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A metal-free deaminative coupling of non-prefunctionalised benzylamines and arylboronic acids is reported. In this operationally simple reaction, a primary amine in benzylamine is converted into a good leaving group in situ using inexpensive and commercially available isoamyl nitrite as a nitrosating reagent. Lewis-acidic arylboronic acids are shown to replace mineral acids such as HCl or HBF4 that are conventionally used in the preparation of aryl diazonium salts. This unlocked the formation of the corresponding diarylmethanes by forging a new C-C bond in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedre Sirvinskaite
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Julia C. Reisenbauer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCIZürich 8093Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI Zürich 8093 Switzerland
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16
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Das R, Kundu T, Basumatary J. Visible light mediated organocatalytic dehydrogenative aza-coupling of 1,3-diones using aryldiazonium salts. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3147-3154. [PMID: 36756411 PMCID: PMC9853514 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07807d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient protocol for diazenylation of 1,3-diones under photoredox conditions is presented herein. C-N bond forming Csp3 -H functionalization of cyclic and alkyl diones by unstable aryl diazenyl radicals is achieved through reaction with aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates by organocatalysts under visible light irradiation. The reaction has wide substrate scope, gives excellent yields, and is also efficient in water as a green solvent. This method provides an easy access to aryldiazenyl derivatives that are useful key starting materials for the synthesis of aza heterocycles as well as potential pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanand Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim Ravangla, South Sikkim PIN 737139 India
| | - Taraknath Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim Ravangla, South Sikkim PIN 737139 India
| | - Joneswar Basumatary
- Department of Chemistry, Sikkim UniversityTadong, Daragaon, East SikkimGangtokPIN 737102India
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17
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Aryldiazonium salts can serve as nitrogen-based Lewis acid catalysts and their applications in the formation of photoactive charge transfer complexes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Kharlamova AD, Abel AS, Averin AD, Beletskaya IP. Trifluoroethoxylation of Styrenes via Photoredox-Catalyzed Meerwein Reaction. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022090019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Venkatesh R, Tiwari V, Kandasamy J. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Sandmeyer-Type S-Arylation of 1-Thiosugars with Aryldiazonium Salts under Mild Conditions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11414-11432. [PMID: 35994736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of S-aryl thioglycosides from 1-thiosugars via S-arylation was demonstrated under mild reaction conditions. A wide range of protected and unprotected 1-thiosugars derived from glucose, glucosamine, galactose, mannose, ribose, maltose, and lactose underwent cross-coupling reactions with functionalized aryldiazonium salts in the presence of copper(I) chloride and DBU. The desired products were obtained in 55-88% yields within 5 min. Various functional groups, including halogens, were tolerated under standard reaction conditions. Synthesis of the biologically relevant antidiabetic dapagliflozin S-analogue and arbutin S-analogues (tyrosinase inhibitors) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapelly Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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20
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Pillitteri S, Ranjan P, Van der Eycken EV, Sharma UK. Uncovering the Potential of Boronic Acid and Derivatives as Radical Source in Photo(electro)chemical Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Pillitteri
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM) Maastricht University Urmonderbaan 22 6167 RD Geleen The Netherlands
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Miklukho-Maklaya street 6 RU-117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
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21
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Patel RI, Singh J, Sharma A. Visible Light‐Mediated Manipulation of 1,n‐Enynes in Organic Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan I. Patel
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Jitender Singh
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Indian Institute of Technoology Roorkee Deptartment of Chemistry Room 303DDepartment of Chemistry, IIT Roorkee 247667 Roorkee INDIA
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22
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Di Terlizzi L, Scaringi S, Raviola C, Pedrazzani R, Bandini M, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Visible Light-Driven, Gold(I)-Catalyzed Preparation of Symmetrical (Hetero)biaryls by Homocoupling of Arylazo Sulfones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4863-4872. [PMID: 35316603 PMCID: PMC8981317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of symmetrical (hetero)biaryls via arylazo sulfones has been successfully carried out upon visible light irradiation in the presence of PPh3AuCl as the catalyst. The present protocol led to the efficient synthesis of a wide range of target compounds in an organic-aqueous solvent under photocatalyst-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Scaringi
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carlotta Raviola
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pedrazzani
- Dipartimento
di Chimica ″Giacomo Ciamician″, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica ″Giacomo Ciamician″, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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23
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Coppola GA, Pillitteri S, Van der Eycken EV, You SL, Sharma UK. Multicomponent reactions and photo/electrochemistry join forces: atom economy meets energy efficiency. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2313-2382. [PMID: 35244107 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00510c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Visible-light photoredox catalysis has been regarded as an extremely powerful tool in organic chemistry, bringing the spotlight back to radical processes. The versatility of photocatalyzed reactions has already been demonstrated to be effective in providing alternative routes for cross-coupling as well as multicomponent reactions. The photocatalyst allows the generation of high-energy intermediates through light irradiation rather than using highly reactive reagents or harsh reaction conditions. In a similar vein, organic electrochemistry has experienced a fruitful renaissance as a tool for generating reactive intermediates without the need for any catalyst. Such milder approaches pose the basis toward higher selectivity and broader applicability. In photocatalyzed and electrochemical multicomponent reactions, the generation of the radical species acts as a starter of the cascade of events. This allows for diverse reactivity and the use of reagents is usually not covered by classical methods. Owing to the availability of cheaper and more standardized photo- and electrochemical reactors, as well as easily scalable flow-setups, it is not surprising that these two fields have become areas of increased research interest. Keeping these in view, this review is aimed at providing an overview of the synthetic approaches in the design of MCRs involving photoredox catalysis and/or electrochemical activation as a crucial step with particular focus on the choice of the difunctionalized reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo A Coppola
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Serena Pillitteri
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium. .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Upendra K Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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24
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Liu F, Chen LN, Chen AM, Ye ZP, Wang ZW, Liu ZL, He XC, Li SH, Xia PJ. Mechanochemical Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinoxalines and 3‐Arylquinoxalin‐2(1 H)‐ones via Aryldiazonium Salts. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Liu
- guangxi shifan daxue CHINA
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25
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Guo Z, Liu X, Che Y, Chen D, Xing H. One-Pot Dual Catalysis of a Photoactive Coordination Polymer and Palladium Acetate for the Highly Efficient Cross-Coupling Reaction via Interfacial Electron Transfer. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2695-2705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Che
- Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Dashu Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hongzhu Xing
- Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
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26
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Eroglu Z, Ozer MS, Kubanaliev T, Kilic H, Metin Ö. Synergism between few-layer black phosphorus and graphitic carbon nitride enhances the photoredox C–H arylation under visible light irradiation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A volcano-shaped relation between the amount of FLBP in the FLBP/g-CN heterojunctions in the photoredox C–H arylation was exhibited. To understand the activity of 35 wt% FLBP/g-CN, band alignments of heterojunction was studied in detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Eroglu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Sermin Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Temirlan Kubanaliev
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Tüpraş Energy Center (KUTEM), 34450 Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Önder Metin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Tüpraş Energy Center (KUTEM), 34450 Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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27
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Jiang S, Nan N, He J, Guo J, Qin J, Xie Y, Ouyang X, Song R. Recent Progress in Aryl Radical-Mediated Cyclization of Unsaturated Bonds Based on Aryldiazonium Salts. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Dey D, Kundu A, Roy M, Pal S, Adhikari D. Aromatization as the driving force for single electron transfer towards C–C cross-coupling reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02229f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong current interest in C–H functionalization reactions under metal-free conditions. We report herein that the deprotonated form of dihydrophenazine (DPh) as a potent initiator under photochemical conditions...
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29
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30
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Sivendran N, Belitz F, Sowa Prendes D, Martínez ÁM, Schmid R, Goossen LJ. Photochemical Sandmeyer-type Halogenation of Arenediazonium Salts. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103669. [PMID: 34911153 PMCID: PMC9303768 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trihalide salts were found to efficiently promote photochemical dediazotizing halogenations of diazonium salts. In contrast to classical Sandmeyer reactions, no metal catalysts are required to achieve high yields and outstanding selectivities for halogenation over competing hydridodediazotization. Convenient protocols are disclosed for synthetically meaningful brominations, iodinations, and chlorinations of diversely functionalized derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardana Sivendran
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Florian Belitz
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Daniel Sowa Prendes
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Ángel Manu Martínez
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Rochus Schmid
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Lukas J Goossen
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Organische Chemie I, Universitätsstraße 150, ZEMOS 2/27, 44801, 44801 Bochum, GERMANY
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31
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Fu Y, Zhang YX, Guo LL. Aryl Diazonium Salts: Powerful Arylating Agents for Catellani-Type ortho-Arylation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17437-17444. [PMID: 34780194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Catellani reaction provides an efficient synthetic approach to polyfunctionalized arenes. However, the selective ortho-arylating reagents employed in these reactions have been strictly limited to activated bromoarenes. As demonstrated in this work, aryl diazonium salts bearing both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents, after in situ transformations with KI into the corresponding iodoarenes, were efficient arylating reagents for Catellani type ortho-arylation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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32
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Aganda KCC, Lee A. Synthesis of Selenaheterocycles via Visible‐Light‐Mediated Radical Cyclization. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Christopher C. Aganda
- Department of Energy Science and Technology Myongji University Yongin 17058 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Chemistry Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea
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33
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Davis GJ, Townsend JA, Morrow MG, Hamie M, Shepard AJ, Hsieh CC, Marty MT, Jewett JC. Protein Modification via Mild Photochemical Isomerization of Triazenes to Release Aryl Diazonium Ions. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2432-2438. [PMID: 34730351 PMCID: PMC8820681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of phenyl diazenyl piperidine triazene derivatives that can be activated to release aryl diazonium ions for labeling of proteins using light. These probes show marked bench stability at room temperature and can be photoisomerized via low-intensity UVA irradiation at physiological pH. Upon isomerization, the triazenes are rendered more basic and readily protonate to release reactive aryl diazonium ions. It was discovered that the intensity and duration of the UV light was essential to the observed diazonium ion reactivity in competition with the traditionally observed photolytic radical pathways. The combination of their synthetic efficiency coupled with their overall stability makes triazenes an attractive candidate for use in bioconjugation applications. Bioorthogonal handles on the triazenes are used to demonstrate the ease by which proteins can be modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Julia A. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Madeline G. Morrow
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Mohamed Hamie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Abigail J. Shepard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Chih-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Michael T. Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - John C. Jewett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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34
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Karakaya I. Amphiphilic Polypyridyl Ruthenium Catalyzed, Photoredox‐Mediated C−H Arylation of Heteroarenes with Aryl Diazonium Salts. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Idris Karakaya
- Department of Chemistry College of Basic Sciences Gebze Technical University 41400 Gebze Turkey
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35
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Liu AD, Wang ZL, Liu L, Cheng L. Aqueous and Visible-Light-Promoted C-H (Hetero)arylation of Uracil Derivatives with Diazoniums. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16434-16447. [PMID: 34713700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct C5 (hetero)arylation of uracil and uridine substrates with (hetero)aryl diazonium salts under photoredox catalysis with blue light was reported. The coupling proceeds efficiently with diazonium salts and heterocycles in good functional group tolerance at room temperature in aqueous solution without transition-metal components. A plausible radical mechanism has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Di Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhao-Li Wang
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Yang YM, Yan W, Hu HW, Luo Y, Tang ZY, Luo Z. Photoinduced Acetylation of Anilines under Aqueous and Catalyst-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12344-12353. [PMID: 34370464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A green and efficient visible-light induced functionalization of anilines under mild conditions has been reported. Utilizing nontoxic, cost-effective, and water-soluble diacetyl as photosensitizer and acetylating reagent, and water as the solvent, a variety of anilines were converted into the corresponding aryl ketones, iodides, and bromides. With advantages of environmentally friendly conditions, simple operation, broad substrate scope, and functional group tolerance, this reaction represents a valuable method in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Han-Wei Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yimin Luo
- School of Material, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhuangzhu Luo
- School of Material, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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