1
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Yang H, Zhang Y, Gao W, Wu C. Cathodic electrochemiluminescence of boron and nitrogen-codoped carbon dots for the detection of dissolved oxygen in seawater. Talanta 2024; 279:126529. [PMID: 39024853 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is widely used in various fields due to its high sensitivity and controllable characteristics. Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as promising ECL emitters due to their simple synthesis, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. However, the practical application of many CDs emitters is hindered by their limited luminous efficiency, often necessitating additional coreactants to enhance the ECL signal intensity. In this study, we synthesized boron and nitrogen-codoped carbon dots (BN-CDs) as ECL emitters, utilizing dissolved oxygen (DO) as the coreactant. The BN-CDs/DO system exhibited a strong cathodic ECL signal. We proposed a reaction mechanism for the BN-CDs/DO ECL system. Additionally, we developed an ECL sensor for DO detection based on this system, showing a linear correlation between ECL peak intensity and DO concentration from 0.5 to 19.8 mg/L, with a detection limit of 0.12 mg/L. It was proven reliable for DO analysis in seawater and freshwater environments. This study provides insights into the synthesis and utilization of BN-CDs, highlighting the potential of DO as an intrinsic coreactant in CDs ECL systems. Furthermore, it provides new perspectives on the detection of DO in seawater and the design of innovative DO sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Yang
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wenyue Gao
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Chi Wu
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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2
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Alemu YA, Difonzo M, Genovese D, Paolucci F, Prodi L, Rampazzo E, Valenti G. Dye self-organization in doped silica nanoparticles increases the electrochemiluminescence emission in magnetic bead-based assays. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11936-11939. [PMID: 39351602 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03488k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2024]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of dye distribution on the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensity measured with a simplified magnetic bead-based immunoassay for two families of silica nanoparticles (NPs) doped with the cationic Ru(bpy)32+ and the zwitterionic Ru(bpy)2bps complexes (bps = bathophenanthroline disulfonate). The NPs doped with the Ru(bpy)2bps complex, which can efficiently self-organize in the NP volume favoring ECL generation, resulted in 150-400% signal enhancement compared to the Ru(bpy)32+-doped ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemataw Addis Alemu
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marinella Difonzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Damiano Genovese
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luca Prodi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Enrico Rampazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Giacomo Ciamician - Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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3
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Xu J, Yang W, Liu Y. An innovative carbon dots polarity probe based on intramolecular charge-transfer for visual monitoring of the total polar materials in frying oil. Food Chem 2024; 455:139770. [PMID: 38823139 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The presence of Total Polar Materials (TPM) in edible oils is a crucial indicator for assessing oil quality. It is of paramount importance to develop a rapid and dependable technique for monitoring polarity in frying oil. Sensitive polarity responsive fluorescence carbon dots (F-CDs) were synthesized by using p-phenylenediamine as precursors and 2-formylphenylboronic acid pinacol ester (2-FAPE) as a post-modifier. The construction of the fluorescent probe F-CDs involved a strong intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) mechanism, with 2-FAPE serving as the electron-withdrawing fluorophore and the π-conjugated structure acting as a potent electron-donating group. A strong linear relationship was observed between the emission wavelength and the TPM value of frying oil within a range of 11% to 30%. Notably, the fluorescence color of the probe transitioned from blue to yellow under UV light at 365 nm as the TMP value increased. This study expands the range of sensing applications for CDs in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Future Food (Bai Ma) Research Institute, 111 Baima Road, Nanjing 211200, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Cai M, Qiu Y, Li F, Cai S, Cai Z. Supramolecular Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks with Carbon Dots: Realizing Ultralong Aqueous Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Anticounterfeiting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:46609-46618. [PMID: 39171831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dots (RTP-CDs) have received increasing attention due to their excellent optical properties and potential applications. Nevertheless, the realization of RTP-CDs in aqueous solutions remains a considerable challenge due to the water-molecule- and oxygen-induced deactivation of the triplet excitons, which leads to phosphorescence quenching. In this study, ultralong phosphorescence in water was achieved by in situ self-assembly of CDs encapsulated in a rigid hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF). The phosphorescence lifetime reaches an impressive 956.96 ms and exhibits long-lasting optical and structural stability in water for more than 90 days. The composite material not only has ultralong luminescence life and excellent luminescence stability but also has two-color phosphorescence emission, as well as excellent antiphotobleaching and phosphorescence stability in aqueous solution, which can solve the current problem that RTP is easily burst out by water and moisture. In addition, this study introduced a fluorescent dye based on the triplet-singlet Förster resonance energy transfer system (TS-FRET) to fine-tune the afterglow properties. This work will inspire the design of RTP systems with dual phosphor light sources and provide new strategies for the development of smart RTP materials in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Cai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
| | - Yijie Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
| | - Feiming Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
- Micro-Nano Organic Optical Materials Laboratory, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
| | - Shunyou Cai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
- Micro-Nano Organic Optical Materials Laboratory, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
- Micro-Nano Organic Optical Materials Laboratory, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, PR China
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5
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Barman BK, Hernández-Pinilla D, Cretu O, Kikkawa J, Kimoto K, Nagao T. Generated White Light Having Adaptable Chromaticity and Emission, Using Spectrally Reconfigurable Microcavities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2407090. [PMID: 39231338 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202407090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free, luminescent, carbogenic nanomaterials (LCNMs) constitute a novel class of optical materials with low environmental impact. LCNMs, e.g., carbon dots (CDs), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and carbonized polymer microspheres (CPM) show strong blue/cyan emissions, but rather weak yellow/red emission. This has been a serious drawback in applying them to light-emitting and bio-imaging applications. Here, by integrating single-component LCNMs in photonic microcavities, the study spectroscopically engineers the coupling between photonic modes in these microcavities and optical transitions to "reconfigure" the emission spectra of these luminescent materials. Resonant photons are confined in the microcavity, which allows selective re-excitation of phosphors to effectively emit down-converted photons. The down-converted photons re-excite the phosphors and are multiply recycled, leading to enhanced yellow/red emissions and resulting in white-light emission (WLE). Furthermore, by adjusting photonic stop bands of microcavity components, color adaptable (cool, pure, and warm) WLE is flexibly generated, which precisely follows the black-body Planckian locus in the chromaticity diagram. The proposed approach offers practical low-cost chromaticity-adjustable WLE from single-component, luminescent materials without any chemical or surface modification, or elaborate machinery and processing, paving the way for practical WLE devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Kumar Barman
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - David Hernández-Pinilla
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Ovidiu Cretu
- Electron Microscopy Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jun Kikkawa
- Electron Microscopy Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Koji Kimoto
- Electron Microscopy Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nagao
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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6
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Chen QL, Zhou XM, Zhao ML, Chai YQ, Yuan R, Zhong X, Zhuo Y. Nanoconfined Silver Nanoclusters Combined with X-Shaped DNA Recognizer-Triggered Cascade Amplification for Electrochemiluminescence Detection of APE1. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11383-11389. [PMID: 38946419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), as a vital base excision repair enzyme, is essential for maintaining genomic integrity and stability, and its abnormal expression is closely associated with malignant tumors. Herein, we constructed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for detecting APE1 activity by combining nanoconfined ECL silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) with X-shaped DNA recognizer-triggered cascade amplification. Specifically, the Ag NCs were prepared and confined in the glutaraldehyde-cross-linked chitosan hydrogel network using the one-pot method, resulting in a strong ECL response and exceptional stability in comparison with discrete Ag NCs. Furthermore, the self-assembled X-shaped DNA recognizers were designed for APE1 detection, which not only improved reaction kinetics due to the ordered arrangement of recognition sites but also achieved high sensitivity by utilizing the recognizer-triggered cascade amplification of strand displacement amplification (SDA) and DNAzyme catalysis. As expected, this biosensor achieved sensitive ECL detection of APE1 in the range of 1.0 × 10-3 U·μL-1 to 1.0 × 10-10 U·μL-1 with the detection limit of 2.21 × 10-11 U·μL-1, rendering it a desirable approach for biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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7
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Zhao XY, Liu LL, Xu YQ, Xiang L, Yuan R, Chai YQ. Dual-Ligand Europium-Organic Gels as a Highly Efficient Anodic Annihilation Electrochemiluminescence Emitter for Ultrasensitive Detection of MicroRNA. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9961-9968. [PMID: 38838250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel europium dual-ligand metal-organic gel (Eu-D-MOGs) with high-efficient anodic annihilation electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was synthesized as an ECL emitter to construct a biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-221 (miR-221). Impressively, compared to the ECL signal of europium single-ligand metal-organic gels (Eu-S-MOGs), the ECL signal of Eu-D-MOGs was significantly improved since the two organic ligands could jointly replace the H2O and coordinate with Eu3+, which could remarkably reduce the nonradiative vibrational energy transfer caused by the coordination between H2O and Eu3+ with a high coordination demand. In addition, Eu-D-MOGs could be electrochemically oxidized to Eu-D-MOGs•+ at 1.45 V and reduced to Eu-D-MOGs•- at 0.65 V to achieve effective annihilation of ECL, which overcame the side reaction brought by the remaining emitters at negative potential. This benefited from the annihilation ECL performance of the central ion Eu3+ caused by its redox in the electrochemical process. Furthermore, the annihilation ECL signal of Eu3+ could be improved by sensitizing Eu3+ via the antenna effect. In addition, combined with the improved rolling circle amplification-assisted strand displacement amplification strategy (RCA-SDA), a sensitive biosensor was constructed for the sensitive detection of miR-221 with a low detection limit of 5.12 aM and could be successfully applied for the detection of miR-221 in the lysate of cancer cells. This strategy offered a unique approach to synthesizing metal-organic gels as ECL emitters without a coreactant for the construction of ECL biosensing platforms in biomarker detection and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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8
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Liao YY, Guo YZ, Liu JL, Shen ZC, Chai YQ, Yuan R. Single-Atom Iron Doped Carbon Dots with Highly Efficient Electrochemiluminescence for Ultrasensitive Detection of MicroRNAs. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7516-7523. [PMID: 38691765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, single-atom iron doped carbon dots (SA Fe-CDs) were successfully prepared as novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters with high ECL efficiency, and a biosensor was constructed to ultrasensitively detect microRNA-222 (miRNA-222). Importantly, compared with the conventional without single-atom doped CDs with low ECL efficiency, SA Fe-CDs exhibited strong ECL efficiency, in which single-atom iron as an advanced coreactant accelerator could significantly enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the coreactant S2O82- for improving the ECL efficiency. Moreover, a neoteric amplification strategy combining the improved strand displacement amplification with Nt.BbvCI enzyme-induced target amplification (ISDA-EITA) could produce 4 output DNAs in every cycle, which greatly improved the amplification efficiency. Thus, a useful ECL biosensor was built with a detection limit of 16.60 aM in the range of 100 aM to 1 nM for detecting traces of miRNA-222. In addition, miRNA-222 in cancer cell lysate (MHCC-97L) was successfully detected by using the ECL biosensor. Therefore, this strategy provides highly efficient single-atom doped ECL emitters for the construction of sensitive ECL biosensing platforms in the biological field and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Yu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhuo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Chen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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9
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Fang Y, Yang H, Hou Y, Li W, Shen Y, Liu S, Zhang Y. Timescale correlation of shallow trap states increases electrochemiluminescence efficiency in carbon nitrides. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3597. [PMID: 38678039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient interconversion of different types of energy plays a crucial role in both science and technology. Among them, electrochemiluminescence, an emission of light excited by electrochemical reactions, has drawn attention as a powerful tool for bioassays. Nonetheless, the large differences in timescale among diverse charge-transfer pathways from picoseconds to seconds significantly limit the electrochemiluminescence efficiency and hamper their broad applications. Here, we report a timescale coordination strategy to improve the electrochemiluminescence efficiency of carbon nitrides by engineering shallow electron trap states via Au-N bond functionalization. Quantitative electrochemiluminescence kinetics measurements and theoretic calculations jointly disclose that Au-N bonds endow shallow electron trap states, which coordinate the timescale of the fast electron transfer in the bulk emitter and the slow redox reaction of co-reagent at diffusion layers. The shallow electron trap states ultimately accelerate the rate and kinetics of emissive electron-hole recombination, setting a new cathodic electrochemiluminescence efficiency record of carbon nitrides, and empowering a visual electrochemiluminescence sensor for nitrite ion, a typical environmental contaminant, with superior detection range and limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Fang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yuhua Hou
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Wang Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, 211189, China.
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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10
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Nelson DJ, Vasimalai N, John SA, Sethuraman MG. On-Off-On Fluorometric Detection of Hg(II) and L-Cysteine Using Red Emissive Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Environmental and Clinical Sample Analysis. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03598-9. [PMID: 38300484 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This research introduces a novel fluorescence sensor 'on-off-on' employing nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with an 'on-off-on' mechanism for the selective and sensitive detection of Hg(II) and L-cysteine (L-Cys). N-CDs was synthesized using citric acid as the carbon precursor and urea as the nitrogen source in dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, resulting in red emissive characteristics under UV light. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including UV-Vis, fluorescence, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, Raman, and Zeta potential techniques, validated the structural and optical characteristics of the synthesized N-CDs. The maximum excitation and emission of N-CDs were observed at 548 and 622 nm, respectively. The quantum yield of N-CDs was calculated to be 16.1%. The fluorescence of N-CDs effectively quenches upon the addition of Hg(II) due to the strong coordination between Hg(II) and the surface functionalities of N-CDs. Conversely, upon the subsequent addition of L-Cys, the fluorescence of N-CDs was restored. This restoration can be attributed to the stronger affinity of the -SH group in L-Cys towards Hg(II) relative to the surface functionalities of N-CDs. This dual-mode response enabled the detection of Hg(II) and L-Cys with impressive detection limits of 15.1 nM and 8.0 nM, respectively. This sensor methodology effectively detects Hg(II) in lake water samples and L-Cys levels in human urine, with a recovery range between 99 and 101%. Furthermore, the N-CDs demonstrated excellent stability, high sensitivity, and selectivity, making them a promising fluorescence on-off-on probe for both environmental monitoring of Hg(II) and clinical diagnostics of L-Cys.
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Affiliation(s)
- D James Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N Vasimalai
- Department of Chemistry, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Abraham John
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M G Sethuraman
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
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11
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Fracassa A, Santo CI, Kerr E, Knežević S, Hayne DJ, Francis PS, Kanoufi F, Sojic N, Paolucci F, Valenti G. Redox-mediated electrochemiluminescence enhancement for bead-based immunoassay. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1150-1158. [PMID: 38239687 PMCID: PMC10793598 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06357g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a highly sensitive mode of detection utilised in commercialised bead-based immunoassays. Recently, the introduction of a freely diffusing water-soluble Ir(iii) complex was demonstrated to enhance the ECL emission of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ labels anchored to microbeads, but a comprehensive investigation of the proposed 'redox-mediated' mechanism was not carried out. In this work, we select three different water-soluble Ir(iii) complexes by virtue of their photophysical and electrochemical properties in comparison with those of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ luminophore and the TPrA co-reactant. A systematic investigation of the influence of each Ir(iii) complex on the emission of the Ru(ii) labels on single beads by ECL microscopy revealed that the heterogeneous ECL can be finely tuned and either enhanced up to 107% or lowered by 75%. The variation of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ ECL emission was correlated to the properties of each Ir(iii)-based mediator, which enabled us to decipher the mechanism of interaction and define guidelines for the future design of novel Ir(iii) complexes to further enhance the ECL emission of bead-based immunoassays. Ultimately, we showcase the potential of this technology for practical sample analysis in commercial instruments by assessing the enhancement of the collective ECL intensity from a bead-based system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fracassa
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Claudio Ignazio Santo
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Emily Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Sara Knežević
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires UMR 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - David J Hayne
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Paul S Francis
- Deakin University, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment Geelong Victoria 3220 Australia
| | | | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires UMR 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
- ICMATE-CNR Corso Stati Uniti 4 35127 Padova Italy
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
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12
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Yuan T, Teng Q, Li C, Li J, Su W, Song X, Shi Y, Xu H, Han Y, Wei S, Zhang Y, Li X, Li Y, Fan L, Yuan F. The emergence and prospects of carbon dots with solid-state photoluminescence for light-emitting diodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:102-112. [PMID: 37823244 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01292a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The significant features of carbon dots (CDs), such as bright and tunable photoluminescence, high thermal stability, and low toxicity, endow them with tremendous potential for application in next generation optoelectronics. Despite great progress achieved in the design of high-performance CDs so far, the practical applications in solid-state lighting and displays have been retarded by the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect ascribed to direct π-π interactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress made in solid-state CD emitters, including their synthesis, optical properties and applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Their triplet-excited-state-involved properties, as well as their recent advances in phosphor-converted LEDs and electroluminescent LEDs, are mainly reviewed here. Finally, the prospects and challenges of solid-state CD-based LEDs are discussed with an eye on future development. We hope that this review will provide critical insights to inspire new exciting discoveries on solid-state CDs from both fundamental and practical standpoints so that the realization of their potential in optoelectronic areas can be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qian Teng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chenhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jinsui Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wen Su
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xianzhi Song
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Huimin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuyi Han
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Shuyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yunchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Louzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fanglong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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13
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Alafeef M, Srivastava I, Aditya T, Pan D. Carbon Dots: From Synthesis to Unraveling the Fluorescence Mechanism. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303937. [PMID: 37715112 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) being a new type of carbon-based nanomaterial have attracted intensive interest from researchers owing to their excellent biophysical properties. CDs are a class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials that have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional quantum dots and organic dyes in applications including bioimaging, sensing, and optoelectronics. CDs possess unique optical properties, such as tunable emission, facile synthesis, and low toxicity, making them attractive for many applications in biology, medicine, and environmental areas. The synthesis of CDs is achievable by a variety of methods, including bottom-up and top-down approaches, involving the use of different carbon sources and surface functionalization strategies. However, understanding the fluorescence mechanism of CDs remains a challenge. Various mechanistic models have been proposed to explain their origin of luminescence. This review summarizes the recent developments in the synthesis and functionalization of CDs and provides an overview of the current understanding of the fluorescence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alafeef
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- Huck Institute of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Indrajit Srivastava
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- Huck Institute of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Teresa Aditya
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- Huck Institute of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- Huck Institute of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
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14
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Li YH, Zhao ML, Zhang P, Yang X, Yuan R, Zhuo Y. Target-Driven Annular DNA Walker Coupled with Electrochemiluminescent Silicon Quantum Dots for APE1 Bioanalysis. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18629-18634. [PMID: 38057277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional DNA walkers with substantial nanostructures have been extensively investigated; however, their stability still faces challenges when exposed to diverse nuclease in clinical biological samples, resulting in the unreliability of actual assessment. This work proposed a target-driven annular DNA walker with enhanced stability enabling the sensitive and reliable response to different concentrations of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), by preparing silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters. Specifically, the SiQDs showed significant strong and stable ECL signals by purifying the microenvironment of SiQDs through the dialysis removal of the gel-like layers surrounding the SiQDs. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of their ECL signal had been improved 16.59 times under consecutive scanning compared to that of SiQDs without dialysis, demonstrating a significant improvement in ECL stability. Subsequently, in the presence of APE1, the designed annular DNA walker was activated to move along the numerous quenching probes within the continuous cross-based DNA orbits, which were immobilized to the SiQD-modified electrode, providing ECL readout signals. The linear range of this ECL biosensor was 1.0 × 10-13 U·μL-1 to 1.0 × 10-7 U·μL-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 1.766 × 10-14 U·μL-1. This work provides a novel structure of a DNA walker with nuclease resistance for clinical sample detection and designs a new strategy for synthesizing SiQDs with favorable ECL performance, tremendously expanding the ECL application of SiQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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15
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Gao MH, Pan MC, Zhang P, Liang WB, Zhong X, Zhuo Y. Identification and Quantification of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine on Random DNA Sequences by a Nanoconfined Electrochemiluminescence Platform. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37311025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are two of the most abundant epigenetic marks in mammalian genomes, and it has been proven that these dual epigenetic marks give a more accurate prediction of recurrence and survival in cancer than the individual mark. However, due to the similar structure and low expression of 5mC and 5hmC, it is challenging to distinguish and quantify the two methylation modifications. Herein, we employed the ten-eleven translocation family dioxygenases (TET) to convert 5mC to 5hmC via a specific labeling process, which realized the identification of the two marks based on a nanoconfined electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform combined with the amplification strategy of a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-assisted CRISPR/Cas13a system. Benefiting from the TET-mediated conversion strategy, a highly consistent labeling pathway was developed for identifying dual epigenetic marks on random sequence, which reduced the system error effectively. The ECL platform was established via preparing a carbonized polymer dot embedded SiO2 nanonetwork (CPDs@SiO2), which exhibited higher ECL efficiencies and more stable ECL performance compared to those of the scattered emitters due to the nanoconfinement-enhanced ECL effect. The proposed bioanalysis strategy could be employed for the identification and quantification of 5mC and 5hmC in the range from 100 aM to 100 pM, respectively, which provides a promising tool for early diagnosis of diseases associated with abnormal methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Chen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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16
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Arcudi F, Đorđević L. Supramolecular Chemistry of Carbon-Based Dots Offers Widespread Opportunities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300906. [PMID: 37078923 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are an emerging class of nanomaterials that has recently attracted considerable attention for applications that span from biomedicine to energy. These photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles are defined by characteristic sizes of <10 nm, a carbon-based core and various functional groups at their surface. Although the surface groups are widely used to establish non-covalent bonds (through electrostatic interactions, coordinative bonds, and hydrogen bonds) with various other (bio)molecules and polymers, the carbonaceous core could also establish non-covalent bonds (ππ stacking or hydrophobic interactions) with π-extended or apolar compounds. The surface functional groups, in addition, can be modified by various post-synthetic chemical procedures to fine-tune the supramolecular interactions. Our contribution categorizes and analyzes the interactions that are commonly used to engineer carbon dots-based materials and discusses how they have allowed preparation of functional assemblies and architectures used for sensing, (bio)imaging, therapeutic applications, catalysis, and devices. Using non-covalent interactions as a bottom-up approach to prepare carbon dots-based assemblies and composites can exploit the unique features of supramolecular chemistry, which include adaptability, tunability, and stimuli-responsiveness due to the dynamic nature of the non-covalent interactions. It is expected that focusing on the various supramolecular possibilities will influence the future development of this class of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arcudi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
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17
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Afshary H, Amiri M, Marken F, McKeown NB, Amiri M. ECL sensor for selective determination of citrate ions as a prostate cancer biomarker using polymer of intrinsic microporosity-1 nanoparticles/nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2727-2736. [PMID: 37042993 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Urine citrate analysis is relevant in the screening and monitoring of patients with prostate cancer and calcium nephrolithiasis. A sensitive, fast, easy, and low-maintenance electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method with conductivity detection for the analysis of citrate in urine is developed and validated by employing polymer of intrinsic microporosity-1 nanoparticles/nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (nano-PIM-1/N-CQDs). Using optimum conditions, the sensor was applied in ECL experiments in the presence of different concentrations of citrate ions. The ECL signals were quenched gradually by the increasing citrate concentration. The linear range of the relationship between the logarithm of the citrate concentration and ΔECL (ECL of blank - ECL of sample) was obtained between 1.0 × 10-7 M and 5.0 × 10-4 M. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 2.2 × 10-8 M (S/N = 3). The sensor was successfully applied in real samples such as human serum and patient urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Afshary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 59166-11367, Iran
| | - Mandana Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 59166-11367, Iran.
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Neil B McKeown
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mahdi Amiri
- Imam Hossein Hospital, Social Security Organization, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran
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18
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Zhang HH, Wu CD. Creation and stabilization of carbon dots in silica-confined compartments with high thermal stability. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1665-1668. [PMID: 36689204 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the formation procedures and high stability of ambers, we report herein a facile approach for the in situ creation and stabilization of carbon dots (CDs) in confined silica compartments by a solvothermal reaction and subsequent thermal treatment, and the endowed CDs exhibit the initial photoluminescence (PL) properties at 400 °C, which could be used to fabricate highly thermal-stable light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that work well at a current of 600 mA and temperature of 205 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Material of Zhejiang Province and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Chuan-De Wu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Material of Zhejiang Province and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
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19
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Qin F, Bai J, Zhu Y, He P, Wang X, Wu S, Yu X, Ren L. Searching for the true origin of the red fluorescence of leaf-derived carbon dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2762-2769. [PMID: 36645185 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05130c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time that the red fluorescence of leaf-derived carbon dots is derived from chlorophyll, and a possible formation structure is proposed. By controlling the solvothermal reaction temperature, the new luminescence center of CDs can be adjusted. This work provides unprecedented insights into the luminescence mechanism of biomass-derived CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Qin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Jianliang Bai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Yaqing Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Pinyi He
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xu Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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20
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Zhang X, Jia Y, Feng R, Wu T, Zhang N, Du Y, Ju H. Cucurbituril Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of Gold Nanoclusters via Host-Guest Recognition for Sensitive D-Dimer Sensing. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1461-1469. [PMID: 36575586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are promising electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal probes for their outstanding biocompatibility, unusual molecule-like structures, and versatile optical and electrochemical properties. Nevertheless, their relatively low ECL efficiency and poor stability in aqueous solutions hindered their application in the ECL sensing field. Herein, a facile host-guest recognition strategy was proposed to enhance the ECL efficiency and stability of Au NCs by rigidifying the surface of ligand-stabilized AuNCs via supramolecular self-assembly between cucurbiturils[7] (CB[7]) and l-phenylalanine (l-Phe). Meanwhile, mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) was introduced as a ligand in order to cooperatively enhance the performance of the AuNCs and facilitate the link between AuNCs and bioactive substances. The prepared CB[7]/l-Phe/MPA-AuNCs had a higher ECL emission efficiency, achieving about 2-fold stronger ECL intensity than that of l-Phe/MPA-AuNCs. In addition, after non-covalent modification with CB[7], the finite stability of the papered AuNCs was significantly improved. The prepared CB[7]/l-Phe/MPA-AuNCs showed excellent D-dimer sensing results, exhibiting a linear range from 50.00 fg/mL to 100.0 ng/mL and a detection limit of 29.20 fg/mL (S/N = 3). Our work demonstrated that the host-guest self-assembly strategy provided a universal approach for strengthening the ECL efficiency and stability of nanostructures on an ultra-small scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China
| | - Yue Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
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21
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Yang S, Li Y, Chen L, Wang H, Shang L, He P, Dong H, Wang G, Ding G. Fabrication of Carbon-Based Quantum Dots via a "Bottom-Up" Approach: Topology, Chirality, and Free Radical Processes in "Building Blocks". SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2205957. [PMID: 36610043 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) has allowed opportunities for fluorescence bioimaging, tumor diagnosis and treatment, and photo-/electro-catalysis. Nevertheless, in the existing reviews related to the "bottom-up" approaches, attention is mainly paid to the applications of CQDs but not the formation mechanism of CQDs, which mainly derived from the high complexities during the synthesis of CQDs. Among the various synthetic methods, using small molecules as "building blocks", the development of a "bottom-up" approach has promoted the structural design, modulation of the photoluminescence properties, and control of the interfacial properties of CQDs. On the other hand, many works have demonstrated the "building blocks"-dependent properties of CQDs. In this review, from one of the most important variables, the relationships among intrinsic properties of "building blocks" and photoluminescence properties of CQDs are summarized. The topology, chirality, and free radical process are selected as descriptors for the intrinsic properties of "building blocks". This review focuses on the induction and summary of recent research results from the "bottom-up" process. Moreover, several empirical rules pertaining thereto are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hang Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liuyang Shang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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22
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Yang Q, Huang X, Gao B, Gao L, Yu F, Wang F. Advances in electrochemiluminescence for single-cell analysis. Analyst 2022; 148:9-25. [PMID: 36475529 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01159j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of innovative analytical methods with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution that allowed qualitative and quantitative analysis to be carried out at single-cell and subcellular levels. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a unique chemiluminescence of high-energy electron transfer triggered by electrical excitation. The ingenious combination of electrochemistry and chemiluminescence results in the distinct advantages of high sensitivity, a wide dynamic range and good reproducibility. Specifically, single-cell ECL (SCECL) analysis with excellent spatiotemporal resolution has emerged as a promising toolbox in bioanalysis for revealing individual cells' heterogeneity and stochastic processes. This review focuses on advances in SCECL analysis and bioimaging. The history and recent advances in ECL probes and strategies for system design are briefly reviewed. Subsequently, the latest advances in representative SCECL analysis techniques for bioassays, bioimaging and therapeutics are also highlighted. Then, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. .,Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Beibei Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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23
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Yang E, Yang H, Ning Z, Fang Y, Chen M, Zheng Y, Xu W, Wu G, Zhang Y, Shen Y. Construction of Carbon Dots with Wavelength-Tunable Electrochemiluminescence and Enhanced Efficiency. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16510-16518. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erli Yang
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Zhenqiang Ning
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Yanfeng Fang
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Mengyuan Chen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Department of Inspection, The Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao266003, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, China
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24
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Jung G, Kim N, Bae SW. Photophysical properties of furan-bridged dimeric boron-dipyrromethene derivatives (BODIPYs). JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198221143738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the changes in the spectroscopic properties of dimeric boron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs), four BODIPY derivatives are synthesized, including a monomer BODIPY in which a furyl group is substituted at the meso position and a dimer BODIPY with a furan group as a bridge. The four synthesized BODIPY derivatives are characterized through nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Photophysical properties such as ultraviolet–visible absorbance and the fluorescence emission of monomers (mT1 and mT2) and dimers (biT1 and biT2) are studied in eight different solvents. In addition, the relationship of their structural properties and optical properties are also considered through density functional theory calculations. The covalent link between the two BODIPY units using a furan group has a profound effect on the optical properties of the dimeric BODIPYs. We believe that an understanding of the synthesis and physical properties of dimeric BODIPYs will have a promising perspective in designing new BODIPY derivatives and predicting their spectroscopic characteristics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galam Jung
- Green Materials and Chemistry Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Namdoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea
| | - Se Won Bae
- Green Materials and Chemistry Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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25
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Feng Y, Wang N, Ju H. Electrochemiluminescence biosensing and bioimaging with nanomaterials as emitters. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Wang W, Gao S, Wang Y, Li Y, Yue W, Niu H, Yin F, Guo Y, Shen G. Advances in Emerging Photonic Memristive and Memristive-Like Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105577. [PMID: 35945187 PMCID: PMC9534950 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Possessing the merits of high efficiency, low consumption, and versatility, emerging photonic memristive and memristive-like devices exhibit an attractive future in constructing novel neuromorphic computing and miniaturized bionic electronic system. Recently, the potential of various emerging materials and structures for photonic memristive and memristive-like devices has attracted tremendous research efforts, generating various novel theories, mechanisms, and applications. Limited by the ambiguity of the mechanism and the reliability of the material, the development and commercialization of such devices are still rare and in their infancy. Therefore, a detailed and systematic review of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices is needed to further promote its development. In this review, the resistive switching mechanisms of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices are first elaborated. Then, a systematic investigation of the active materials, which induce a pivotal influence in the overall performance of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, is highlighted and evaluated in various indicators. Finally, the recent advanced applications are summarized and discussed. In a word, it is believed that this review provides an extensive impact on many fields of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, and lay a foundation for academic research and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Wenjing Yue
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Hongsen Niu
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Feifei Yin
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yunjian Guo
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
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27
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Strategies of tailored nanomaterials for electrochemiluminescence signal enhancements. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Mattinzoli D, Cacioppo M, Ikehata M, Armelloni S, Alfieri CM, Castellano G, Barilani M, Arcudi F, Messa P, Prato M. Carbon dots conjugated to SN38 for improved colorectal anticancer therapy. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100286. [PMID: 36186846 PMCID: PMC9523396 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CTP-11) is one of the standard therapies for colorectal cancer (CRC). CTP-11 is enzymatically converted to the hydrophobic 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), a one hundred-fold more active metabolite. Conjugation of hydrophobic anticancer drugs to nanomaterials is a strategy to improve their solubility, efficacy, and selectivity. Carbon dots (CDs) have garnered interest for their small sizes (<10 nm), low toxicity, high water solubility, and bright fluorescence. This paper describes the use of CDs to improve drug vehiculation, stability, and chemotherapeutic efficiency of SN38 through a direct intracellular uptake in CRC. The covalent conjugation of SN38 to CDs via a carbamate bond provides a CD-SN38 hybrid material for slow, sustained, and pH-responsive drug release. CD-SN38 successfully penetrates the CRC cells with a release in the nucleus affecting first the cell cycle and then the cytoskeleton. Moreover, CD-SN38 leads to a deregulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), one of the major components of the cancer niche considered a possible target therapy for reducing the cancer progression. This work shows the combined therapeutic and imaging potential of CD-based hybrid materials for the treatment of CRC. Future efforts for targeted therapy of chronic diseases characterized by altered ECM deposition, such as chronic kidney disease and chronic allograft nephropathy in kidney transplant patients are envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattinzoli
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, Milan, 20122, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Michele Cacioppo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Silvia Armelloni
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Alfieri
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Della Commenda 15, Milan, 20122, Italy
- University of Study of Milan, Via Festa Del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Corresponding author. University of Study of Milan, via Festa Del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Della Commenda 15, Milan, 20122, Italy
- University of Study of Milan, Via Festa Del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, 20122, Italy
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Cell Factory, Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcudi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Della Commenda 15, Milan, 20122, Italy
- University of Study of Milan, Via Festa Del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy.
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29
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Villari V, Gaeta M, D’Urso A, Micali N. Porphyrin/carbon nanodot supramolecular complexes and their optical properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Photoluminescence mechanisms of red-emissive carbon dots derived from non-conjugated molecules. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:1450-1457. [PMID: 36546188 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Red-emissive carbon dots (R-CDs) have been widely studied because of their potential application in tissue imaging and optoelectronic devices. At present, most R-CDs are synthesized by using aromatic precursors, but the synthesis of R-CDs from non-aromatic precursors is challenging, and the emission mechanism remains unclear. Herein, different R-CDs were rationally synthesized using citric acid (CA), a prototype non-aromatic precursor, with the assistance of ammonia. Their structural evolution and optical mechanism were investigated. The addition of NH3·H2O played a key role in the synthesis of CA-based R-CDs, which shifted the emission wavelength of CA-based CDs from 423 to 667 nm. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis indicated that the amino groups served as N dopants and promoted the formation of localized conjugated domains through an intermolecular amide ring, thereby inducing a significant emission redshift. The red-emissive mechanism of CDs was further confirmed by control experiments using other CA-like molecules (e.g., aconitic acid, tartaric acid, aspartic acid, malic acid, and maleic acid) as precursors. MS, nuclear magnetic resonance characterization, and computational modeling revealed that the main carbon chain length of CA-like precursors tailored the cyclization mode, leading to hexatomic, pentatomic, unstable three/four-membered ring systems or cyclization failure. Among these systems, the hexatomic ring led to the largest emission redshift (244 nm, known for CA-based CDs). This work determined the origin of red emission in CA-based CDs, which would guide research on the controlled synthesis of R-CDs from other non-aromatic precursors.
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31
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Gao N, Zeng H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Cui R, Zhang M, Mao L. Graphdiyne: A New Carbon Allotrope for Electrochemiluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204485. [PMID: 35488432 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY), a well-known 2D carbon allotrope, demonstrates increasing fantastic performance in various fields owing to its outstanding electronic properties. Owing to its unique properties, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology is one powerful tool for understanding fundamental questions and for ultrasensitive sensing and imaging. Here, we firstly find that GDY without any functionalization or treatment shows a strong ECL emission with potassium persulfate (K2 S2 O8 ) as coreactant, which is totally different with other carbon allotropes. Mechanistic study indicates that the ECL emission of GDY is generated by the surface state transition. Interestingly, ECL is generated at 705 nm in the near infrared region with an ECL efficiency of 424 % compared to that of Ru(bpy)3 Cl2 /K2 S2 O8 . The study demonstrates a new character of GDY in ECL investigation and sets the stage for the development of GDY for emerging applications, including imaging and light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Ruwen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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32
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Hu J, Sun Y, Geng X, Wang J, Guo Y, Qu L, Zhang K, Li Z. High-fidelity carbon dots polarity probes: revealing the heterogeneity of lipids in oncology. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:185. [PMID: 35718791 PMCID: PMC9207028 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Polarity is an integral microenvironment parameter in biological systems closely associated with a multitude of cellular processes. Abnormal polarity variations accompany the initiation and development of pathophysiological processes. Thus, monitoring the abnormal polarity is of scientific and practical importance. Current state-of-the-art monitoring techniques are primarily based on fluorescence imaging which relies on a single emission intensity and may cause inaccurate detection due to heterogeneous accumulation of the probes. Herein, we report carbon dots (CDs) with ultra-sensitive responses to polarity. The CDs exhibit two linear relationships: one between fluorescence intensity and polarity and the other between polarity and the maximum emission wavelength. The emission spectrum is an intrinsic property of the probes, independent of the excitation intensity or probe concentration. These features enable two-color imaging/quantitation of polarity changes in lipid droplets (LDs) and in the cytoplasm via in situ emission spectroscopy. The probes reveal the polarity heterogeneity in LDs which can be applied to make a distinction between cancer and normal cells, and reveal the polarity homogeneity in cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Hu
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanqiang Sun
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Geng
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junli Wang
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliate Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Clinical Application at the First Affiliate Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
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33
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Wang B, Wei Z, Sui L, Yu J, Zhang B, Wang X, Feng S, Song H, Yong X, Tian Y, Yang B, Lu S. Electron-phonon coupling-assisted universal red luminescence of o-phenylenediamine-based carbon dots. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:172. [PMID: 35668065 PMCID: PMC9170735 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complex core-shell structure and variety of surface functional groups, the photoluminescence (PL) mechanism of carbon dots (CDs) remain unclear. o-Phenylenediamine (oPD), as one of the most common precursors for preparing red emissive CDs, has been extensively studied. Interestingly, most of the red emission CDs based on oPD have similar PL emission characteristics. Herein, we prepared six different oPD-based CDs and found that they had almost the same PL emission and absorption spectra after purification. Structural and spectral characterization indicated that they had similar carbon core structures but different surface polymer shells. Furthermore, single-molecule PL spectroscopy confirmed that the multi-modal emission of those CDs originated from the transitions of different vibrational energy levels of the same PL center in the carbon core. In addition, the phenomenon of "spectral splitting" of single-particle CDs was observed at low temperature, which confirmed these oPD-based CDs were unique materials with properties of both organic molecules and quantum dots. Finally, theoretical calculations revealed their potential polymerization mode and carbon core structure. Moreover, we proposed the PL mechanism of red-emitting CDs based on oPD precursors; that is, the carbon core regulates the PL emission, and the polymer shell regulates the PL intensity. Our work resolves the controversy on the PL mechanism of oPD-based red CDs. These findings provide a general guide for the mechanism exploration and structural analysis of other types of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Laizhi Sui
- State Key Lab of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Jingkun Yu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baowei Zhang
- Nanochemistry Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Feng
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoqiang Song
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Yong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Yuxi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450000, Zhengzhou, China.
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34
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Quantum dots for electrochemiluminescence bioanalysis - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1209:339140. [PMID: 35569860 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) bioanalysis has become increasingly important in various fields from bioanalysis to clinical diagnosis due to its outstanding merits, including low background signal, high sensitivity, and simple instrumentation. Quantum dots (QDs) are a significant theme in ECL bioanalysis since their excellent optical, electrochemical properties, and ease of functionalization endow them with versatile roles and new mechanisms of signal transduction in ECL. Herein, this review details recent advances of QDs-based ECL bioanalysis by using QDs as ECL emitters, coreactants, or ECL resonance energy transfer donors/acceptors, mainly focused on their optical and electrochemical properties and ECL reaction mechanism. In the end, we will discuss the current limitations and future developments in QDs ECL bioanalysis to address the requirement about selectivity, sensitivity, toxicity, and emerging applications.
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Bartolomei B, Bogo A, Amato F, Ragazzon G, Prato M. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Reveals Molecular Species in Carbon Nanodot Samples Disclosing Flaws. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200038. [PMID: 35157359 PMCID: PMC9304307 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots are currently one of the hot topics in the nanomaterials world, due to their accessible synthesis and promising features. However, the purification of these materials is still a critical aspect, especially for syntheses involving molecular precursors. Indeed, the presence of unreacted species or small organic molecules formed during solvothermal treatments can affect the properties of the synthesized nanomaterials. To illustrate the extreme importance of this issue, we present two case studies in which insufficient purification results in misleading conclusions regarding the chiral and fluorescent properties of the investigated materials. Key to identify molecular species is the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, which proves to be an effective tool. Our work highlights the need to include nuclear magnetic resonance as a standard characterization technique for carbon-based nanomaterials, to minimize the risk of observing properties that arise from molecular species, rather than the target carbon nanodots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bartolomei
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of Triestevia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Andrea Bogo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of Triestevia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of Triestevia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Giulio Ragazzon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of Triestevia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires UMR7006University of Strasbourg, CNRS8 allée Gaspard Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of Triestevia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 19420014Donostia San SebastiánSpain
- Basque Fdn SciIkerbasque48013BilbaoSpain
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Gao N, Zeng H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Cui R, Zhang M, Mao L. Graphdiyne: A new Carbon Allotrope for Electrochemiluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hui Zeng
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ruwen Cui
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Meining Zhang
- Renmin University of China Department of Chemistry zhongguancun street 59th 100872 Beijing CHINA
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing Normal University Collenge of Chemistry CHINA
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Shen CL, Liu HR, Lou Q, Wang F, Liu KK, Dong L, Shan CX. Recent progress of carbon dots in targeted bioimaging and cancer therapy. Theranostics 2022; 12:2860-2893. [PMID: 35401835 PMCID: PMC8965501 DOI: 10.7150/thno.70721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as one new class of carbon nanomaterials with various structure and extraordinary physicochemical properties, have attracted tremendous interest for their potential applications in tumor theranostics, especially in targeted bioimaging and therapy. In these areas, CDs and its derivatives have been employed as highly efficient imaging agent for photoluminescence bioimaging of tumors cells. With unique structure, optical and/or dose attention properties, CDs have been harnessed in various nanotheranostic strategies for diverse tumors through integrating with other functional nanoparticles or utilizing their inherent physical properties. Up to now, CDs have been approved as novel biomaterials by their excellent performances in precise targeted bioimaging and therapy for tumors. Herein, the latest progress in the development of CDs in targeted bioimaging and tumor therapy are reviewed. Meanwhile, the challenges and future prospects of the application of CDs in promising nanotheranostic strategies are discussed and proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Shen
- Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hang-Rui Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Bartolomei B, Bogo A, Amato F, Ragazzon G, Prato M. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Reveals Molecular Species in Carbon Nanodot Samples Disclosing Flaws. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bartolomei
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Andrea Bogo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Giulio Ragazzon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires UMR7006 University of Strasbourg, CNRS 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
- Basque Fdn Sci Ikerbasque 48013 Bilbao Spain
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Bai J, Yuan G, Chen X, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Wang X, Ren L. Simple Strategy for Scalable Preparation Carbon Dots: RTP, Time-Dependent Fluorescence, and NIR Behaviors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104278. [PMID: 34962091 PMCID: PMC8844479 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Transforming carbon dots (CDs) fluorescent materials into smart materials with complex functions is a topic of great interest to nanoscience. However, designing CDs with regulating fluorescence/phosphorescence that can be visually monitored with the environment changes in real-time remains a challenge. Here, a very simple strategy, one-step solvent-free catalytic assistant strategy, which is low cost, facile, environment-friendly, and high throughput, is put forward. Hydrogen bond is used to manipulate nanostructure of CDs, and the obtained carbon dots (M-CDs) show a series of attractive properties including matrix-free room-temperature phosphorescence, time-dependent fluorescence, and near-infrared emissive characteristics. Different from the traditional aggregation caused quenching or aggregation-induced emission fluorescent materials, M-CDs exhibit unprecedented and unique dispersion induced redshift fluorescence phenomenon, promoting the studies of fluorescence from static to dynamic. The causes of this phenomenon are further analyzed in detail. As a kind of intelligent fluorescent materials, this new designed CDs greatly enrich the basic recognition of CDs by illustrating the relationship between redshift fluorescence behaviors and the dispersion states, and may provide with an opportunity for solid-state fluorescent materials, anti-counterfeiting, cellular imaging, and hopefully many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Guojun Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Yaqing Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
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Saqib M, Bashir S, Ali S, Hao R. Highly selective and sensitive detection of mercury (II) and dopamine based on the efficient electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ with acridine orange as a coreactant. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ðorđević L, Arcudi F, Cacioppo M, Prato M. A multifunctional chemical toolbox to engineer carbon dots for biomedical and energy applications. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:112-130. [PMID: 35173327 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-01051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles, or carbon dots, are an emerging class of materials that has recently attracted considerable attention for biomedical and energy applications. They are defined by characteristic sizes of <10 nm, a carbon-based core and the possibility to add various functional groups at their surface for targeted applications. These nanomaterials possess many interesting physicochemical and optical properties, which include tunable light emission, dispersibility and low toxicity. In this Review, we categorize how chemical tools impact the properties of carbon dots. We look for pre- and postsynthetic approaches for the preparation of carbon dots and their derivatives or composites. We then showcase examples to correlate structure, composition and function and use them to discuss the future development of this class of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Ðorđević
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Francesca Arcudi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Michele Cacioppo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia San Sebastián, Spain.
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain.
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Tao XL, Pan MC, Yang X, Yuan R, Zhuo Y. CDs assembled metal-organic framework: Exogenous coreactant-free biosensing platform with pore confinement-enhanced electrochemiluminescence. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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