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Dong L, Luo D, Zhang B, Li Y, Yang T, Lei Z, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yang C, Chen Z. All-Fluorinated Electrolyte Engineering Enables Practical Wide-Temperature-Range Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38951993 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is severely hindered owing to the limited temperature window of the electrolyte, which renders uncontrolled side reactions, unstable electrolyte/electrode interface (EEI) formation, and sluggish desolvation kinetics for wide temperature operation condition. Herein, we developed an all-fluorinated electrolyte composed of lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, hexafluorobenzene (HFB), and fluoroethylene carbonate, which effectively regulates solvation structure toward a wide temperature of 160 °C (-50 to 110 °C). The introduction of thermostable HFB induces the generation of EEI with a high LiF ratio of 93%, which results in an inhibited side reaction and gas generation on EEI and enhanced interfacial ion transfer at extreme temperatures. Therefore, an unparalleled capacity retention of 88.3% after 400 cycles at 90 °C and an improved cycling performance at -50 °C can be achieved. Meanwhile, the practical 1.3 Ah-level pouch cell delivers high energy density of 307.13 Wh kg-1 at 60 °C and 277.99 Wh kg-1 at -30 °C after 50 cycles under lean E/C ratio of 2.7 g/Ah and low N/P ratio of 1.2. This work not only offers a viable strategy for wide-temperature-range electrolyte design but also promotes the practicalization of LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Dong
- MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yaqiang Li
- MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Tingzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zuotao Lei
- MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuanpeng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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2
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Qiao X, Chen T, He F, Li H, Zeng Y, Wang R, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu Z, Guo X. Solvation Effect: The Cornerstone of High-Performance Battery Design for Commercialization-Driven Sodium Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401215. [PMID: 38856003 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sodium batteries (SBs) emerge as a potential candidate for large-scale energy storage and have become a hot topic in the past few decades. In the previous researches on electrolyte, designing electrolytes with the solvation theory has been the most promising direction is to improve the electrochemical performance of batteries through solvation theory. In general, the four essential factors for the commercial application of SBs, which are cost, low temperature performance, fast charge performance and safety. The solvent structure has significant impact on commercial applications. But so far, the solvation design of electrolyte and the practical application of sodium batteries have not been comprehensively summarized. This review first clarifies the process of Na+ solvation and the strategies for adjusting Na+ solvation. It is worth noting that the relationship between solvation theory and interface theory is pointed out. The cost, low temperature, fast charging, and safety issues of solvation are systematically summarized. The importance of the de-solvation step in low temperature and fast charging application is emphasized to help select better electrolytes for specific applications. Finally, new insights and potential solutions for electrolytes solvation related to SBs are proposed to stimulate revolutionary electrolyte chemistry for next generation SBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyan Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, P. R. China
| | - Fa He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Zeng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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3
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Pham TD, Bin Faheem A, Kim J, Ma SH, Kwak K, Lee KK. High-efficiency Lithium Metal Stabilization and Polysulfide Suppression in Li-S Battery Enabled by Weakly Solvating Solvent. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2307951. [PMID: 38770978 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered a highly promising next-generation energy storage technology due to their exceptional energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, the practical use of current LSBs is hindered primarily by issues related to the "shuttle effect" of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) intermediates and the growth of lithium dendrites. In strongly solvating electrolytes, the solvent-derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) lacks mechanical strength due to organic components, leading to ineffective lithium dendrite suppression and severe LiPS dissolution and shuttling. In contrast, the weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) can create an anion-derived SEI layer which can enhance compatibility with lithium metal anode, and restricting LiPS solubility. Herein, a WSE consisting of 0.4 м LiTFSI in the mixture of 1,4-dioxane (DX):dimethoxymethane (DMM) is designed to overcome the issues associated with LSB. Surface analyses confirmed the formation of a beneficial SEI layer rich in LiF, enabling homogeneous lithium deposition with an average Coulombic efficiency CE exceeding 99% over 100 cycles. Implementing the low-concentration WSE in Li||SPAN cells yielded an impressive initial specific capacity of 671 mAh g-1. This research highlights the advantages of WSE and offers the pathway for cost-effective electrolyte development, enabling the realization of high-performance LSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Duong Pham
- Faculty of Biotechnology Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Phenikaa University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Abdullah Bin Faheem
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Junam Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeok Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
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4
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He M, Zhu L, Ye G, An Y, Hong X, Ma Y, Xiao Z, Jia Y, Pang Q. Tuning the Electrolyte and Interphasial Chemistry for All-Climate Sodium-ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401051. [PMID: 38469954 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) present a promising avenue for next-generation grid-scale energy storage. However, realizing all-climate SIBs operating across a wide temperature range remains a challenge due to the poor electrolyte conductivity and instable electrode interphases at extreme temperatures. Here, we propose a comprehensively balanced electrolyte by pairing carbonates with a low-freezing-point and low-polarity ethyl propionate solvent which enhances ion diffusion and Na+-desolvation kinetics at sub-zero temperatures. Furthermore, the electrolyte leverages a combinatorial borate- and nitrile-based additive strategy to facilitate uniform and inorganic-rich electrode interphases, ensuring excellent rate performance and cycle stability over a wide temperature range from -45 °C to 60 °C. Notably, the Na||sodium vanadyl phosphate cell delivers a remarkable capacity of 105 mAh g-1 with a high rate of 2 C at -25 °C. In addition, the cells exhibit excellent cycling stability over a wide temperature range, maintaining a high capacity retention of 84.7 % over 3,000 cycles at 60 °C and of 95.1 % at -25 °C over 500 cycles. The full cell also exhibits impressive cycling performance over a wide temperature range. This study highlights the critical role of electrolyte and interphase engineering for enabling SIBs that function optimally under diverse and extreme climatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lujun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guo Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yun An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xufeng Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhitong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongfeng Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Quanquan Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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5
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Li H, Kang Y, Wei W, Yan C, Ma X, Chen H, Sang Y, Liu H, Wang S. Branch-Chain-Rich Diisopropyl Ether with Steric Hindrance Facilitates Stable Cycling of Lithium Batteries at - 20 °C. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:197. [PMID: 38753176 PMCID: PMC11098989 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Li metal batteries (LMBs) offer significant potential as high energy density alternatives; nevertheless, their performance is hindered by the slow desolvation process of electrolytes, particularly at low temperatures (LT), leading to low coulombic efficiency and limited cycle stability. Thus, it is essential to optimize the solvation structure thereby achieving a rapid desolvation process in LMBs at LT. Herein, we introduce branch chain-rich diisopropyl ether (DIPE) into a 2.5 M Li bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide dipropyl ether (DPE) electrolyte as a co-solvent for high-performance LMBs at - 20 °C. The incorporation of DIPE not only enhances the disorder within the electrolyte, but also induces a steric hindrance effect form DIPE's branch chain, excluding other solvent molecules from Li+ solvation sheath. Both of these factors contribute to the weak interactions between Li+ and solvent molecules, effectively reducing the desolvation energy of the electrolyte. Consequently, Li (50 μm)||LFP (mass loading ~ 10 mg cm-2) cells in DPE/DIPE based electrolyte demonstrate stable performance over 650 cycles at - 20 °C, delivering 87.2 mAh g-1, and over 255 cycles at 25 °C with 124.8 mAh g-1. DIPE broadens the electrolyte design from molecular structure considerations, offering a promising avenue for highly stable LMBs at LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangran Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuncheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Park J, Seong H, Yuk C, Lee D, Byun Y, Lee E, Lee W, Kim BJ. Design of Fluorinated Elastomeric Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Operating at Low Temperature and High Voltage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403191. [PMID: 38713915 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the low-temperature operation of solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) through the development of a fluorinated and plastic-crystal-embedded elastomeric electrolyte (F-PCEE). The F-PCEE is formed via polymerization-induced phase separation between the polymer matrix and plastic crystal phase, offering a high mechanical strain (≈300%) and ionic conductivity (≈0.23 mS cm-1) at -10 °C. Notably, strong phase separation between two phases leads to the selective distribution of lithium (Li) salts within the plastic crystal phase, enabling superior elasticity and high ionic conductivity at low temperatures. The F-PCEE in a Li/LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cell maintains 74.4% and 42.5% of discharge capacity at -10 °C and -20 °C, respectively, compared to that at 25 °C. Furthermore, the full cell exhibits 85.3% capacity retention after 150 cycles at -10 °C and a high cut-off voltage of 4.5 V, representing one of the highest cycling performances among the reported solid polymer electrolytes for low-temperature LMBs. This work attributes the prolonged cycling lifetime of F-PCEE at -10 °C to the great mechanical robustness to suppress the Li-dendrite growth and ability to form superior LiF-rich interphases. This study establishes the design strategies of elastomeric electrolytes for developing solid-state LMBs operating at low temperatures and high voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Seong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Yuk
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youyoung Byun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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7
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Paste R, Chen YT, Borde K, Dhage A, Sun SS, Lin HC, Chu CW. A-LLTO Nanoparticles Embedded Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Room Temperature Operational Li-metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311382. [PMID: 38698599 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have the potential to revolutionize the current energy storage sector. A significant portion of the current development of electric vehicles and the electrification of various appliances relies on Lithium (Li)-ion batteries. However, future energy demands will require the development of stronger and more reliable batteries. This report presents a novel solid state electrolyte (SSE) composed of a self-healing composite solid polymer electrolyte (CSPE) matrix and aluminum-doped (Li0.33La0.56)1.005Ti0.99Al0.01O3 (A-LLTO) nanofillers. The CSPE contains Jeffamine ED-2003 monomer, Benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (BTC) crosslinker dissolved in a 1:1 ratio of Dimethylformamide (DMF) to LiPF6, and a certain amount (x) of A-LLTO nanofillers (x = 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5%). A CSPE containing x-amount of A-LLTO fillers (referred to as CAL-x%) demonstrates excellent ion-conducting properties and stable battery performance. The CAL-10% demonstrates 1.1 × 10-3 S cm-1 of ionic conductivity at room temperature (RT). A-LLTO nanofillers dispersed uniformly within the polymer matrix form a percolation network, which is believed to improve ionic conductivity and the diffusion of Li+ ions. The CR-2032 cell, consisting of LiFePO4 (LFP)║CAL-10%║Li, at RT offers an initial discharge capacity of ≈165 mAh g-1 at 0.1C rate for 120 cycles with 98.85% coulombic efficiency (C.E.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Paste
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (ROC)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Yu-Te Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (ROC)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Krishna Borde
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Atul Dhage
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Shih-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chih Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan (ROC)
- College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (ROC)
- Center for Green Technology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (ROC)
- Department of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (ROC)
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8
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Wan S, Ma W, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Chen S. Electrolytes Design for Extending the Temperature Adaptability of Lithium-Ion Batteries: from Fundamentals to Strategies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311912. [PMID: 38348797 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
With the continuously growing demand for wide-range applications, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are increasingly required to work under conditions that deviate from room temperature (RT). However, commercial electrolytes exhibit low thermal stability at high temperatures (HT) and poor dynamic properties at low temperatures (LT), hindering the operation of LIBs under extreme conditions. The bottleneck restricting the practical applications of LIBs has promoted researchers to pay more attention to developing a series of innovative electrolytes. This review primarily covers the design of electrolytes for LIBs from a temperature adaptability perspective. First, the fundamentals of electrolytes concerning temperature, including donor number (DN), dielectric constant, viscosity, conductivity, ionic transport, and theoretical calculations are elaborated. Second, prototypical examples, such as lithium salts, solvent structures, additives, and interfacial layers in both liquid and solid electrolytes, are presented to explain how these factors can affect the electrochemical behavior of LIBs at high or low temperatures. Meanwhile, the principles and limitations of electrolyte design are discussed under the corresponding temperature conditions. Finally, a summary and outlook regarding electrolytes design to extend the temperature adaptability of LIBs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Weiting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Shimou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
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9
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Yao W, Liao K, Lai T, Sul H, Manthiram A. Rechargeable Metal-Sulfur Batteries: Key Materials to Mechanisms. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4935-5118. [PMID: 38598693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable metal-sulfur batteries are considered promising candidates for energy storage due to their high energy density along with high natural abundance and low cost of raw materials. However, they could not yet be practically implemented due to several key challenges: (i) poor conductivity of sulfur and the discharge product metal sulfide, causing sluggish redox kinetics, (ii) polysulfide shuttling, and (iii) parasitic side reactions between the electrolyte and the metal anode. To overcome these obstacles, numerous strategies have been explored, including modifications to the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and binder. In this review, the fundamental principles and challenges of metal-sulfur batteries are first discussed. Second, the latest research on metal-sulfur batteries is presented and discussed, covering their material design, synthesis methods, and electrochemical performances. Third, emerging advanced characterization techniques that reveal the working mechanisms of metal-sulfur batteries are highlighted. Finally, the possible future research directions for the practical applications of metal-sulfur batteries are discussed. This comprehensive review aims to provide experimental strategies and theoretical guidance for designing and understanding the intricacies of metal-sulfur batteries; thus, it can illuminate promising pathways for progressing high-energy-density metal-sulfur battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Yao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kameron Liao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tianxing Lai
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hyunki Sul
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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10
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Li Q, Liao Y, Xing C, Shi Y, Liu X, Li W, Zhang J, Zhao B, Jiang Y. Novel design of high elastic solid polymer electrolyte for stable lithium metal batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:533-541. [PMID: 38190780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Li metal anodes have high specific capacity and low electrode potential, and have always been considered as one of the most promising anode materials. However, the growth of Li dendrites, unstable solid electrolyte interface layer (SEI), severe side reactions at the Li/electrolyte interface, and infinite volume expansion of the Li anode seriously hinder the practical application of solid-state Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we report a polyurethane elastomer (TPU) material with high elasticity and interfacial stability as a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) for LMBs. The synergistic effects of its designed soft chain forging (PEO) and hard chain segments (IPDI) can enhance Li ion conductivity, elastic modulus and flexibility of the SPE to settle the challenges of the Li metal anodes. Moreover, Li2S, as a solid-state electrolyte additive, is able to effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions at the interface between Li metal and SPE, promote the decomposition of N(CF3SO2)2- and in-situ generation of LiF with low Li+ diffusion barrier and excellent electronic insulation, achieving rapid Li ion transport and uniform Li deposition. As a result, stable cycle of up to 1400 h has been achieved for a Li||TPU-Li2S||Li battery at 0.1 mA/cm2 at 50 ℃, accompanied with a stable cycling performance of 350 h at a higher current density of 0.5 mA/cm2. Finally, the LiFePO4||TPU-Li2S||Li full battery exhibits an excellent cycling performance with a capacity retention rate of 80 % after 500 cycles at 1C. This simple and low-cost strategy provides novel design thoughts for practical application of high-performance SPEs in stable and long-life LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yalan Liao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Cong Xing
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yaru Shi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Sciences/Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Wenrong Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; College of Sciences/Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiujun Zhang
- College of Sciences/Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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11
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Liang HJ, Liu HH, Zhao XX, Gu ZY, Yang JL, Zhang XY, Liu ZM, Tang YZ, Zhang JP, Wu XL. Electrolyte Chemistry toward Ultrawide-Temperature (-25 to 75 °C) Sodium-Ion Batteries Achieved by Phosphorus/Silicon-Synergistic Interphase Manipulation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7295-7304. [PMID: 38364093 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
All-weather operation is considered an ultimate pursuit of the practical development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), however, blocked by a lack of suitable electrolytes at present. Herein, by introducing synergistic manipulation mechanisms driven by phosphorus/silicon involvement, the compact electrode/electrolyte interphases are endowed with improved interfacial Na-ion transport kinetics and desirable structural/thermal stability. Therefore, the modified carbonate-based electrolyte successfully enables all-weather adaptability for long-term operation over a wide temperature range. As a verification, the half-cells using the designed electrolyte operate stably over a temperature range of -25 to 75 °C, accompanied by a capacity retention rate exceeding 70% even after 1700 cycles at 60 °C. More importantly, the full cells assembled with Na3V2(PO4)2O2F cathode and hard carbon anode also have excellent cycling stability, exceeding 500 and 1000 cycles at -25 to 50 °C and superb temperature adaptability during all-weather dynamic testing with continuous temperature change. In short, this work proposes an advanced interfacial regulation strategy targeted at the all-climate SIB operation, which is of good practicability and reference significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jie Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Han-Hao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Yi Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lin Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Liu
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 260061, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Tang
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 260061, China
| | - Jing-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Long Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
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12
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Wang Y, Li Z, Xie W, Zhang Q, Hao Z, Zheng C, Hou J, Lu Y, Yan Z, Zhao Q, Chen J. Asymmetric Solvents Regulated Crystallization-Limited Electrolytes for All-Climate Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202310905. [PMID: 38100193 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Electrolytes that can keep liquid state are one of the most important physical metrics to ensure the ions transfer with stable operation of rechargeable lithium-based batteries at a wide temperature window. It is generally accepted that strong polar solvents with high melting points favor the safe operation of batteries above room temperatures but are susceptible to crystallization at low temperatures (≤-40 °C). Here, a crystallization limitation strategy was proposed to handle this issue. We demonstrate that, although the high melting points of ethylene sulfite (ES, -17 °C) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC, ≈23 °C), their mixtures can avoid crystallization at low temperatures, which can be attributed to low intermolecular interactions and altered molecular motion dynamics. A suitable ES/FEC ratio (10 % FEC) can balance the bulk and interface transport of ions, enabling LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 ||lithium (NCM811||Li) full cells to deliver excellent temperature resilience and cycling stability over a wide temperature range from -50 °C to +70 °C. More than 66 % of the capacity retention was achieved at -50 °C compared to room temperature. The NCM811||Li pouch cells exhibit high cycling stability under realistic conditions (electrolyte weight to cathode capacity ratio (E/C)≤3.5 g Ah-1 , negative to positive electrode capacity ratio (N/P)≤1.09) at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenkun Hao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyu Zheng
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinze Hou
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
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13
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Chen Y, Ma B, Wang Q, Liu L, Wang L, Ding S, Yu W. Improving dual electrodes compatibility through tailoring solvation structures enabling high-performance and low-temperature Li||LiFePO 4 batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:550-558. [PMID: 37862804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries have good stability and high energy density. However, they exhibit unsatisfactory low-temperature electrochemical performance. Due to the fragile interfacial passivation layers and sluggish kinetics, commercial electrolytes fail to simultaneously achieve acceptable stabilization with dual electrodes in low-temperature Li||LFP batteries. Herein, a novel localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) with great dual-electrodes compatibility is proposed to match with the low-temperature Li||LFP batteries. With increasing local concentration, the FSI- sequentially replaces the solvent molecules and enters the first solvation sheath, forming the anion-dominated solvation structures. This effectively suppresses free solvents decomposition and constructs the anion-derived passivation layers with inorganic-rich components, further contributing to the rapid transport kinetics and endowing the LHCE with great dual electrodes compatibility. These dual-electrodes co-stabilization effects of the LHCE are originally clarified in the low-temperature Li||LFP batteries. The designed LHCE also delivers low freezing point (-99.8 ℃), high ionic conductivity (2.4 mS cm-1 at -40 ℃), and superior stability (>4.7 V vs. Li/Li+). Hence, the Li||LFP batteries with LHCE possess superb cyclic stability at low temperatures, delivering a high discharge capacity of 120 mAh g-1 over 300 cycles at -20 ℃. Moreover, compared to commercial electrolytes, LHCE endows the Li||LFP batteries with superior low-temperature performances under practical conditions, including limited Li anode (3 mAh cm-2) and a wide temperature range (30 ℃ to -40 ℃).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Boliang Ma
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qingchuan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shujiang Ding
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, "Four Joint Subjects One Union" School-Enterprise Joint Research Center for Power Battery Recycling & Circulation Utilization Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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14
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Wu J, Wu Y, Wang L, Ye H, Lu J, Li Y. Challenges and Advances in Rechargeable Batteries for Extreme-Condition Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308193. [PMID: 37847882 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable batteries are widely used as power sources for portable electronics, electric vehicles and smart grids. Their practical performances are, however, largely undermined under extreme conditions, such as in high-altitude drones, ocean exploration and polar expedition. These extreme environmental conditions not only bring new challenges for batteries but also incur unique battery failure mechanisms. To fill in the gap, it is of great importance to understand the battery failure mechanisms under different extreme conditions and figure out the key parameters that limit battery performances. In this review, the authors start by investigating the key challenges from the viewpoints of ionic/charge transfer, material/interface evolution and electrolyte degradation under different extreme conditions. This is followed by different engineering approaches through electrode materials design, electrolyte modification and battery component optimization to enhance practical battery performances. Finally, a short perspective is provided about the future development of rechargeable batteries under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yunling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Liguang Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hualin Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yanguang Li
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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15
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Su CC, Wu X, Amine K, Bracamonte MV. Probing the Effectiveness in Stabilizing Lithium Metal Anodes through Functional Additives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59016-59024. [PMID: 38061011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
A variety of electrolyte additives were comprehensively evaluated to understand their relative capability in stabilizing lithium metal anode. Although the Li||Cu test is an effective test to rule out ineffective additives, a reliable assessment of individual additives cannot be obtained just by a single evaluation method. Therefore, various methods must be combined to truly assess the stabilization of a lithium anode. Moreover, it was also discovered that a significant depletion of electrolytes occurred during the end-of-life of the lithium batteries, which partially contributed to the sudden failure of the lithium batteries during cycling. However, the main culprit of the sudden failure was identified as the significant increase in the resistance of the lithium metal anode. When used as an additive, cyclic fluorinated carbonates are the most effective in stabilizing the lithium anode and improving the cycling performance of lithium batteries among all the common additives. Despite its cost-effectiveness, the additive in the conventional electrolyte approach provides insufficient protection for lithium metal due to the complete consumption of the additive materials, which is necessary to repair the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Therefore, it is suggested that a larger ratio (>15 wt %) of the SEI former should be employed to achieve effective lithium stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cheung Su
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xianyang Wu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - María Victoria Bracamonte
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Enrique Gaviola Institute of Physics (IFEG), Faculty of Mathematics, Astronomy, Physics and Computing, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
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16
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Zhang Y, Lu Y, Jin J, Wu M, Yuan H, Zhang S, Davey K, Guo Z, Wen Z. Electrolyte Design for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Extreme Temperature Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308484. [PMID: 38111372 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
With increasing energy storage demands across various applications, reliable batteries capable of performing in harsh environments, such as extreme temperatures, are crucial. However, current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) exhibit limitations in both low and high-temperature performance, restricting their use in critical fields like defense, military, and aerospace. These challenges stem from the narrow operational temperature range and safety concerns of existing electrolyte systems. To enable LIBs to function effectively under extreme temperatures, the optimization and design of novel electrolytes are essential. Given the urgency for LIBs operating in extreme temperatures and the notable progress in this research field, a comprehensive and timely review is imperative. This article presents an overview of challenges associated with extreme temperature applications and strategies used to design electrolytes with enhanced performance. Additionally, the significance of understanding underlying electrolyte behavior mechanisms and the role of different electrolyte components in determining battery performance are emphasized. Last, future research directions and perspectives on electrolyte design for LIBs under extreme temperatures are discussed. Overall, this article offers valuable insights into the development of electrolytes for LIBs capable of reliable operation in extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Center of Nanoelectronics, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- Center of Nanoelectronics, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Meifen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Shilin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Kenneth Davey
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Zaiping Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Zhaoyin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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17
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Sun S, Wang K, Hong Z, Zhi M, Zhang K, Xu J. Electrolyte Design for Low-Temperature Li-Metal Batteries: Challenges and Prospects. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 38019309 PMCID: PMC10687327 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte design holds the greatest opportunity for the development of batteries that are capable of sub-zero temperature operation. To get the most energy storage out of the battery at low temperatures, improvements in electrolyte chemistry need to be coupled with optimized electrode materials and tailored electrolyte/electrode interphases. Herein, this review critically outlines electrolytes' limiting factors, including reduced ionic conductivity, large de-solvation energy, sluggish charge transfer, and slow Li-ion transportation across the electrolyte/electrode interphases, which affect the low-temperature performance of Li-metal batteries. Detailed theoretical derivations that explain the explicit influence of temperature on battery performance are presented to deepen understanding. Emerging improvement strategies from the aspects of electrolyte design and electrolyte/electrode interphase engineering are summarized and rigorously compared. Perspectives on future research are proposed to guide the ongoing exploration for better low-temperature Li-metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanglian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjia Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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18
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Sharma V, Giammona M, Zubarev D, Tek A, Nugyuen K, Sundberg L, Congiu D, La YH. Formulation Graphs for Mapping Structure-Composition of Battery Electrolytes to Device Performance. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6998-7010. [PMID: 37948621 PMCID: PMC10685446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced computational methods are being actively sought to address the challenges associated with the discovery and development of new combinatorial materials, such as formulations. A widely adopted approach involves domain-informed high-throughput screening of individual components that can be combined together to form a formulation. This manages to accelerate the discovery of new compounds for a target application but still leaves the process of identifying the right "formulation" from the shortlisted chemical space largely a laboratory experiment-driven process. We report a deep learning model, the Formulation Graph Convolution Network (F-GCN), that can map the structure-composition relationship of the formulation constituents to the property of liquid formulation as a whole. Multiple GCNs are assembled in parallel that featurize formulation constituents domain-intuitively on the fly. The resulting molecular descriptors are scaled based on the respective constituent's molar percentage in the formulation, followed by integration into a combined formulation descriptor that represents the complete formulation to an external learning architecture. The use case of the proposed formulation learning model is demonstrated for battery electrolytes by training and testing it on two exemplary data sets representing electrolyte formulations vs battery performance: one data set is sourced from the literature about Li/Cu half-cells, while the other is obtained by lab experiments related to lithium-iodide full-cell chemistry. The model is shown to predict performance metrics such as Coulombic efficiency (CE) and specific capacity of new electrolyte formulations with the lowest reported errors. The best-performing F-GCN model uses molecular descriptors derived from molecular graphs (GCNs) that are informed with HOMO-LUMO and electric moment properties of the molecules using a knowledge transfer technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidushi Sharma
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Maxwell Giammona
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Dmitry Zubarev
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Andy Tek
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Khanh Nugyuen
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Linda Sundberg
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Daniele Congiu
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Young-Hye La
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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19
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Li S, Gao J, Ou Y, Liu X, Yang L, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Wu L, Lin C, Che R. Temperature Effects on Electrochemical Energy-Storage Materials: A Case Study of Yttrium Niobate Porous Microspheres. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303763. [PMID: 37507834 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are very popular electrochemical energy-storage devices. However, their applications in extreme environments are hindered because their low- and high-temperature electrochemical performance is currently unsatisfactory. In order to build all-climate LIBs, it is highly desirable to fully understand the underlying temperature effects on electrode materials. Here, based on a novel porous-microspherical yttrium niobate (Y0.5 Nb24.5 O62 ) model material, this work demonstrates that the operation temperature plays vital roles in electrolyte decomposition on electrode-material surfaces, electrochemical kinetics, and crystal-structure evolution. When the operation temperature increases, the reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode material become more intensive, causing the formation of thicker solid electrolyte interface (SEI) films, which decreases the initial Coulombic efficiency. Meanwhile, the electrochemical kinetics becomes faster, leading to the larger reversible capacity, higher rate capability, and more suitable working potential (i.e., lower working potential for anodes and higher working potential for cathodes). Additionally, the maximum unit-cell-volume change becomes larger, resulting in poorer cyclic stability. The insight gains here can provide a universal guide for the exploration of all-climate electrode materials and their modification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjie Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiazhe Gao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yinjun Ou
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liting Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | | | | | - Liming Wu
- Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Chunfu Lin
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Renchao Che
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311100, China
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20
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Nie Q, Luo W, Li Y, Yang C, Pei H, Guo R, Wang W, Ajdari FB, Song J. Research Progress of Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries at High Temperatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302690. [PMID: 37475485 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are the most promising high energy density energy storage technologies for electric vehicles, military, and aerospace applications. LMBs require further improvement to operate efficiently when chronically or routinely exposed to high temperatures. Electrolyte engineering with high temperature tolerance and electrode compatibility has been essential to the development of LMBs. In this review, the primary obstacles to achieving high-temperature LMBs are first explored. Subsequently, electrolyte tailoring options, such as lithium salt optimization, solvation structure modification, and the addition of additives are reviewed in detail. In addition, the feasibility of utilizing LMBs at high temperatures has been investigated. In conclusion, this study provides insights and perspectives for future research on electrolyte design at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianna Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wenlei Luo
- National innovation institute of defense technology, Academy of military science, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Farshad Boorboor Ajdari
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran
| | - Jiangxuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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21
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Zhao Y, Hu Z, Zhao Z, Chen X, Zhang S, Gao J, Luo J. Strong Solvent and Dual Lithium Salts Enable Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries Operating from -78 to 60 °C. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22184-22193. [PMID: 37768698 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Current lithium-ion batteries degrade under high rates and low temperatures due to the use of carbonate electrolytes with restricted Li+ conduction and sluggish Li+ desolvation. Herein, a strong solvent with dual lithium salts surmounts the thermodynamic limitations by regulating interactions among Li+ ions, anions, and solvents at the molecular level. Highly dissociated lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in dimethyl sulfite (DMS) solvent with a favorable dielectric constant and melting point ensures rapid Li+ conduction while the high affinity between difluoro(oxalato)borate anions (DFOB-) and Li+ ions guarantees smooth Li+ desolvation within a wide temperature range. In the meantime, the ultrathin self-limited electrode/electrolyte interface and the electric double layer induced by DFOB- result in enhanced electrode compatibility. The as-formulated electrolyte enables stable cycles at high currents (41.3 mA cm-2) and a wide temperature range from -78 to 60 °C. The 1 Ah graphite||LiCoO2 (2 mAh cm-2) pouch cell achieves 80% reversible capacity at 2 C rate under -20 °C and 86% reversible capacity at 0.1 C rate under -50 °C. This work sheds new light on the electrolyte design with strong solvent and dual lithium salts and further facilitates the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries operating under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenglin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhengfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinlian Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101 P. R. China
| | - Jiayan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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22
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Yuan B, Wu L, Geng S, Xu Q, Zhao X, Wang Y, Liao M, Ye L, Qu Z, Zhang X, Wang S, Ouyang Z, Tang S, Peng H, Sun H. Unlocking Reversible Silicon Redox for High-Performing Chlorine Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306789. [PMID: 37455280 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl)-based batteries such as Li/Cl2 batteries are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage with low cost and high performance. However, the current use of Li metal anodes in Cl-based batteries has raised serious concerns regarding safety, cost, and production complexity. More importantly, the well-documented parasitic reactions between Li metal and Cl-based electrolytes require a large excess of Li metal, which inevitably sacrifices the electrochemical performance of the full cell. Therefore, it is crucial but challenging to establish new anode chemistry, particularly with electrochemical reversibility, for Cl-based batteries. Here we show, for the first time, reversible Si redox in Cl-based batteries through efficient electrolyte dilution and anode/electrolyte interface passivation using 1,2-dichloroethane and cyclized polyacrylonitrile as key mediators. Our Si anode chemistry enables significantly increased cycling stability and shelf lives compared with conventional Li metal anodes. It also avoids the use of a large excess of anode materials, thus enabling the first rechargeable Cl2 full battery with remarkable energy and power densities of 809 Wh kg-1 and 4,277 W kg-1 , respectively. The Si anode chemistry affords fast kinetics with remarkable rate capability and low-temperature electrochemical performance, indicating its great potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shitao Geng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiuchen Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Meng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zongtao Qu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhaofeng Ouyang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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23
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Atwi R, Rajput NN. Guiding maps of solvents for lithium-sulfur batteries via a computational data-driven approach. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100799. [PMID: 37720329 PMCID: PMC10499867 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Practical realization of lithium-sulfur batteries requires designing optimal electrolytes with controlled dissolution of polysulfides, high ionic conductivity, and low viscosity. Computational chemistry techniques enable tuning atomistic interactions to discover electrolytes with targeted properties. Here, we introduce ComBat (Computational Database for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries), a public database of ∼2,000 quantum-chemical and molecular dynamics properties for lithium-sulfur electrolytes composed of solvents spanning 16 chemical classes. We discuss the microscopic origins of polysulfide clustering and the diffusion mechanism of electrolyte components. Our findings reveal that polysulfide solubility cannot be determined by a single solvent property like dielectric constant. Rather, observed trends result from the synergistic effect of multiple factors, including solvent C/O ratio, fluorination degree, and steric hindrance effects. We propose binding energy as a proxy for Li+ dissociation, which is a property that impacts the ionic conductivity. The insights obtained in this work can serve as guiding maps to design optimal lithium-sulfur electrolyte compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Atwi
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Nav Nidhi Rajput
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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24
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An SY, Wu X, Zhao Y, Liu T, Yin R, Ahn JH, Walker LM, Whitacre JF, Matyjaszewski K. Highly Conductive Polyoxanorbornene-Based Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302932. [PMID: 37455678 PMCID: PMC10520635 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This present study illustrates the synthesis and preparation of polyoxanorbornene-based bottlebrush polymers with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) side chains by ring-opening metathesis polymerization for solid polymer electrolytes (SPE). In addition to the conductive PEO side chains, the polyoxanorbornene backbones may act as another ion conductor to further promote Li-ion movement within the SPE matrix. These results suggest that these bottlebrush polymer electrolytes provide impressively high ionic conductivity of 7.12 × 10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature and excellent electrochemical performance, including high-rate capabilities and cycling stability when paired with a Li metal anode and a LiFePO4 cathode. The new design paradigm, which has dual ionic conductive pathways, provides an unexplored avenue for inventing new SPEs and emphasizes the importance of molecular engineering to develop highly stable and conductive polymer electrolytes for lithium-metal batteries (LMB).
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young An
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Jung Hyun Ahn
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Lynn M. Walker
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
| | - Jay F. Whitacre
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Scott Institute for Energy InnovationCarnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
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25
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Gao Y, Qiao F, Hou W, Ma L, Li N, Shen C, Jin T, Xie K. Radiation effects on lithium metal batteries. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100468. [PMID: 37427353 PMCID: PMC10328994 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The radiation tolerance of energy storage batteries is a crucial index for universe exploration or nuclear rescue work, but there is no thorough investigation of Li metal batteries. Here, we systematically explore the energy storage behavior of Li metal batteries under gamma rays. Degradation of the performance of Li metal batteries under gamma radiation is linked to the active materials of the cathode, electrolyte, binder, and electrode interface. Specifically, gamma radiation triggers cation mixing in the cathode active material, which results in poor polarization and capacity. Ionization of solvent molecules in the electrolyte promotes decomposition of LiPF6 along with its decomposition, and molecule chain breaking and cross-linking weaken the bonding ability of the binder, causing electrode cracking and reduced active material utilization. Additionally, deterioration of the electrode interface accelerates degradation of the Li metal anode and increases cell polarization, hastening the demise of Li metal batteries even more. This work provides significant theoretical and technical evidence for development of Li batteries in radiation environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Fahong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Weiping Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Ting Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
- Institute of Clean Energy, Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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26
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Wang D, Zhao T, Yu Y. In/Ga-Doped Si as Anodes for Si-Air Batteries with Restrained Self-Corrosion and Surface Passivation: A First-Principles Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093784. [PMID: 37175193 PMCID: PMC10180196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon-air batteries (SABs) are attracting considerable attention owing to their high theoretical energy density and superior security. In this study, In and Ga were doped into Si electrodes to optimize the capability of Si-air batteries. Varieties of Si-In/SiO2 and Si-Ga/SiO2 atomic interfaces were built, and their properties were analyzed using density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energies of the SiO2 passivation layer on In- and Ga-doped silicon electrodes were higher than those on pure Si electrodes. Mulliken population analysis revealed a change in the average number of charge transfers of oxygen atoms at the interface. Furthermore, the local device density of states (LDDOS) of the modified electrodes showed high strength in the interfacial region. Additionally, In and Ga as dopants introduced new energy levels in the Si/SiO2 interface according to the projected local density of states (PLDOS), thus reducing the band gap of the SiO2. Moreover, the I-V curves revealed that doping In and Ga into Si electrodes enhanced the current flow of interface devices. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for improving the practical efficiency of silicon-air batteries through anode doping and provide insight into the design of Si-based anodes in air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Tingyu Zhao
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Yingjian Yu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
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27
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Piao Z, Gao R, Liu Y, Zhou G, Cheng HM. A Review on Regulating Li + Solvation Structures in Carbonate Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206009. [PMID: 36043940 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are considered promising candidates for next-generation battery systems due to their high energy density. However, commercialized carbonate electrolytes cannot be used in LMBs due to their poor compatibility with lithium metal anodes. While increasing cut-off voltage is an effective way to boost the energy density of LMBs, conventional ethylene carbonate-based electrolytes undergo a number of side reactions at high voltages. It is therefore critical to upgrade conventional carbonate electrolytes, the performance of which is highly influenced by the solvation structure of lithium ions (Li+ ). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the strategies to regulate the solvation structure of Li+ in carbonate electrolytes for LMBs by better understanding the science behind the Li+ solvation structure and Li+ behavior. Different strategies are systematically compared to help select better electrolytes for specific applications. The remaining scientific and technical problems are pointed out, and directions for future research on carbonate electrolytes for LMBs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Piao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Runhua Gao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yingqi Liu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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28
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Zou Y, Cheng F, Lu Y, Xu Y, Fang C, Han J. High Performance Low-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tailored Electrolyte Solvation Structure. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2203394. [PMID: 36732895 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical performances of lithium metal batteries are determined by the kinetics of interfacial de-solvation and ion transport, especially at low-temperature environments. Here, a novel electrolyte that easily de-solvated and conducive to interfacial film formation is designed for low-temperature lithium metal batteries. A fluorinated carboxylic ester, diethyl fluoromalonate (DEFM), and a fluorinated carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) are used as solvents, while high concentrated lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) is served as the solute. Through tailoring the electrolyte formulation, the lithium ions in the high concentrated fluorinated carboxylic ester electrolyte are mainly combined with anions, which weakens the bonding strength of lithium ions and solvent molecules in the solvation structure, beneficial to the de-solvation process at low temperature. The fluorinated carboxylic ester (FCE) electrolyte enables the LiFePO4 (LFP) | Li half-cell achieves a high capacity of 91.9 mAh g-1 at -30 °C, with high F content in the interface. With optimized de-solvation kinetics, the LFP | Li full cell remains over 100 mAh g-1 at 0 °C after cycling 100 cycles. Building new solvents with outstanding low-temperature properties and weaker solvation to match with Li metal anode, this work brings new possibilities of realizing high energy density and low temperature energy storage batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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29
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Jiang HZ, Yang C, Chen M, Liu XW, Yin LM, You Y, Lu J. Electrophilically Trapping Water for Preventing Polymerization of Cyclic Ether Towards Low-Temperature Li Metal Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300238. [PMID: 36752412 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic ether, such as 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), are promising solvent for low-temperature electrolytes because of the low freezing point. Their use in electrolytes, however, is severely limited since it easily polymerizes in the presence of lithium inorganic salts. The trace water plays a key role via providing the source (proton) for chain initiation, which has, unfortunately, been neglected in most cases. In this work, we present an electrophile, trimethylsilyl isocyanate (Si-NCO), as the water scavenger, which eliminates moisture by a nucleophilic addition reaction. Si-NCO allows DOL to maintain liquid over a wide temperature range even in high-concentration electrolyte. Electrolyte with Si-NCO additive shows promising low-temperature performance. Our finding expands the use of cyclic ether solvents in the presence of inorganic salts and highlights a large space for unexplored design of water scavenger with electrophilic feature for low-temperature electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lu-Ming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China.,International School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, China
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30
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Zeng T, Liu DH, Fan C, Fan R, Zhang F, Liu J, Yang T, Chen Z. LiMn 0.8Fe 0.2PO 4@C cathode prepared via a novel hydrated MnHPO 4 intermediate for high performance lithium-ion batteries. Inorg Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi02306g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A highly stable intermediate hydrated MnHPO4 is used to synthesize a well-crystallized LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4@C cathode, which exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 6.823 × 10−2 S cm−1 and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 98.62%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dai-Huo Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Changling Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Runzheng Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jinshui Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tingzhou Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Abdul Ahad S, Bhattacharya S, Kilian S, Ottaviani M, Ryan KM, Kennedy T, Thompson D, Geaney H. Lithiophilic Nanowire Guided Li Deposition in Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205142. [PMID: 36398602 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) provide superior energy densities far beyond current Li-ion batteries (LIBs) but practical applications are hindered by uncontrolled dendrite formation and the build-up of dead Li in "hostless" Li metal anodes. To circumvent these issues, we created a 3D framework of a carbon paper (CP) substrate decorated with lithiophilic nanowires (silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and SiGe alloy NWs) that provides a robust host for efficient stripping/plating of Li metal. The lithiophilic Li22 Si5 , Li22 (Si0.5 Ge0.5 )5, and Li22 Ge5 formed during rapid Li melt infiltration prevented the formation of dead Li and dendrites. Li22 Ge5 /Li covered CP hosts delivered the best performance, with the lowest overpotentials of 40 mV (three times lower than pristine Li) when cycled at 1 mA cm-2 /1 mAh cm-2 for 1000 h and at 3 mA cm-2 /3 mAh cm-2 for 500 h. Ex situ analysis confirmed the ability of the lithiophilic Li22 Ge5 decorated samples to facilitate uniform Li deposition. When paired with sulfur, LiFePO4, and NMC811 cathodes, the CP-LiGe/Li anodes delivered 200 cycles with 82%, 93%, and 90% capacity retention, respectively. The discovery of the highly stable, lithiophilic NW decorated CP hosts is a promising route toward stable cycling LMBs and provides a new design motif for hosted Li metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdul Ahad
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Shayon Bhattacharya
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Seamus Kilian
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Michela Ottaviani
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Tadhg Kennedy
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Damien Thompson
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Hugh Geaney
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
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32
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Zhang M, Lei C, Zhou T, Song S, Paoprasert P, He X, Liang X. Segmental Motion Adjustment of the Polycarbonate Electrolyte for Lithium-Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55653-55663. [PMID: 36478468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl oxygen atoms are the primary active sites to solvate Li salts that provide a migration site for Li ions conducting in a polycarbonate-based polymer electrolyte. We here exploit the conductivity of the polycarbonate electrolyte by tuning the segmental motion of the structural unit with carbonyl oxygen atoms, while its correlation to the mechanical and electrochemical stability of the electrolyte is also discussed. Two linear alkenyl carbonate monomers are designed by molecular engineering to combine methyl acrylate (MA) and the commonly used ethylene carbonate (EC), w/o dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in the structure. The integration of the DMC structural unit in the side chain of the in situ constructed polymer (p-MDE) releases the free motion of the terminal EC units, which leads to a lower glass-transition temperature and higher ionic conductivity. While pure polycarbonates are normally fragile with high Young's modulus, such a prolonged side chain also manipulates the flexibility of the polymer to provide a mechanical stable interface for Li-metal anode. Stable long-term cycling performance is achieved at room temperature for both LiFePO4 and LiCoO2 electrodes based on the p-MDE electrolyte incorporated with a solid plasticizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Tiankun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Shufeng Song
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, P. R. China
| | - Peerasak Paoprasert
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani12120, Thailand
| | - Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha410082, Hunan, P. R. China
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33
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Luo H, Wang Y, Feng YH, Fan XY, Han X, Wang PF. Lithium-Ion Batteries under Low-Temperature Environment: Challenges and Prospects. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8166. [PMID: 36431650 PMCID: PMC9698970 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are at the forefront of energy storage and highly demanded in consumer electronics due to their high energy density, long battery life, and great flexibility. However, LIBs usually suffer from obvious capacity reduction, security problems, and a sharp decline in cycle life under low temperatures, especially below 0 °C, which can be mainly ascribed to the decrease in Li+ diffusion coefficient in both electrodes and electrolyte, poor transfer kinetics on the interphase, high Li+ desolvation barrier in the electrolyte, and severe Li plating and dendrite. Targeting such issues, approaches to improve the kinetics and stability of cathodes are also dissected, followed by the evaluation of the application prospects and modifications between various anodes and the strategies of electrolyte design including cosolvent, blended Li salts, high-concentration electrolyte, and additive introduction. Such designs elucidate the successful exploration of low-temperature LIBs with high energy density and long lifespan. This review prospects the future paths of research for LIBs under cold environments, aiming to provide insightful guidance for the reasonable design of LIBs under low temperature, accelerating their widespread application and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwu Luo
- State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Yuandong Wang
- State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Yi-Hu Feng
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Yu Fan
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaogang Han
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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34
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Wang J, Yang Y, Wang Y, Dong S, Cheng L, Li Y, Wang Z, Trabzon L, Wang H. Working Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries at 100 °C. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15770-15778. [PMID: 36066564 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reliable power supplies at extremely high temperatures are urgently needed to broaden the application scenarios for electric devices. Aqueous zinc metal batteries (ZMBs) with intrinsic safety are a promising alterative for high-temperature energy storage. However, the reversibility and long-term cycling stability of aqueous ZMBs at extremely high temperatures (≥100 °C) have rarely been explored. Herein, we reveal that spontaneous Zn corrosion and severe electrochemical hydrogen evolution at high temperature are vital restrictions for traditional aqueous ZMBs. To address this, a crowding agent, 1,5-pentanediol, was introduced into an aqueous electrolyte to suppress water reactivity by strengthening O-H bonds of H2O and decreasing H2O content in the Zn2+ solvation sheath, while maintaining flame resistance of the electrolyte. Importantly, this electrolyte enabled reversible Zn deposition with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.1% and a long cycling life of Zn//Zn batteries for over 500 cycles (at 1 mA cm-2 and 0.5 mAh cm-2) at 100 °C. Moreover, stable cycling of Zn//Te full batteries at 100 °C was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liwei Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenya Wang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Levent Trabzon
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Gumussuyu, 34437 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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35
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Chen T, Jin Z, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wu H, Li M, Feng W, Zhang Q, Wang C. Stable High‐Temperature Lithium‐Metal Batteries Enabled by Strong Multiple Ion–Dipole Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207645. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhekai Jin
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yuncong Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Department of Battery Technology BYD Shanghai Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201611 China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - WenWen Feng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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36
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Oh S, Keating MJ, Biddinger EJ. Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ionic-Liquid- and Ester-Based Cosolvent Mixtures with Lithium Salts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Michael J. Keating
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of City University of New York, CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Elizabeth J. Biddinger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of City University of New York, CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
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37
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Chen T, Jin Z, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wu H, Li M, Feng W, Zhang Q, Wang C. Stable High‐Temperature Lithium‐Metal Batteries Enabled by Strong Multiple Ion–Dipole Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhekai Jin
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yuncong Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Department of Battery Technology BYD Shanghai Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201611 China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - WenWen Feng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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38
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Yu R, Li Z, Zhang X, Guo X. Electrolyte design for inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interfaces to enable low-temperature Li metal batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8994-8997. [PMID: 35861578 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ether-based electrolyte promotes robust LiF/LiNxOy-rich solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs) with favorable interfacial conduction and accommodation, thus decreasing operation temperatures of Li metal batteries to -40 °C. At -30 °C, the Li‖Ni0.85Co0.05Al0.1O2 battery achieves >80% retention (130 mA h g-1) of its room-temperature capacity, and presents stable cycling over 100 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
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39
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Lin X, Liu X, Xu S, Liu Z, Zhao C, Liu R, Li P, Feng X, Ma Y. Cation effect on ionic liquid-involved polymer electrolytes for solid-state lithium metal batteries. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ionic liquids with varied cations on the electrochemical performance of Li/LiFePO4 batteries is investigated in terms of cationic solvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Lin
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Xinshuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Shiyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Cuie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Pan Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Xiaomiao Feng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
| | - Yanwen Ma
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China, ,
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40
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Dong L, Zhong S, Yuan B, Ji Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Yang C, Han J, He W. Electrolyte Engineering for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9837586. [PMID: 36128181 PMCID: PMC9470208 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9837586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
High-voltage lithium metal batteries (HVLMBs) have been arguably regarded as the most prospective solution to ultrahigh-density energy storage devices beyond the reach of current technologies. Electrolyte, the only component inside the HVLMBs in contact with both aggressive cathode and Li anode, is expected to maintain stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces (EEIs) and facilitate reversible Li+ transference. Unfortunately, traditional electrolytes with narrow electrochemical windows fail to compromise the catalysis of high-voltage cathodes and infamous reactivity of the Li metal anode, which serves as a major contributor to detrimental electrochemical performance fading and thus impedes their practical applications. Developing stable electrolytes is vital for the further development of HVLMBs. However, optimization principles, design strategies, and future perspectives for the electrolytes of the HVLMBs have not been summarized in detail. This review first gives a systematical overview of recent progress in the improvement of traditional electrolytes and the design of novel electrolytes for the HVLMBs. Different strategies of conventional electrolyte modification, including high concentration electrolytes and CEI and SEI formation with additives, are covered. Novel electrolytes including fluorinated, ionic-liquid, sulfone, nitrile, and solid-state electrolytes are also outlined. In addition, theoretical studies and advanced characterization methods based on the electrolytes of the HVLMBs are probed to study the internal mechanism for ultrahigh stability at an extreme potential. It also foresees future research directions and perspectives for further development of electrolytes in the HVLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Dong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Shijie Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Botao Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuanpeng Ji
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401151, China
| | - Jipeng Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuanpeng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jiecai Han
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Weidong He
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401151, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
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41
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Sui D, Chang M, Peng Z, Li C, He X, Yang Y, Liu Y, Lu Y. Graphene-Based Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Capacitors: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2771. [PMID: 34685207 PMCID: PMC8537845 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are attracting increasing attention because of their potential to bridge the electrochemical performance gap between batteries and supercapacitors. However, the commercial application of current LICs is still impeded by their inferior energy density, which is mainly due to the low capacity of the cathode. Therefore, tremendous efforts have been made in developing novel cathode materials with high capacity and excellent rate capability. Graphene-based nanomaterials have been recognized as one of the most promising cathodes for LICs due to their unique properties, and exciting progress has been achieved. Herein, in this review, the recent advances of graphene-based cathode materials for LICs are systematically summarized. Especially, the synthesis method, structure characterization and electrochemical performance of various graphene-based cathodes are comprehensively discussed and compared. Furthermore, their merits and limitations are also emphasized. Finally, a summary and outlook are presented to highlight some challenges of graphene-based cathode materials in the future applications of LICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sui
- Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (Z.P.); (C.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Meijia Chang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zexin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (Z.P.); (C.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Changle Li
- Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (Z.P.); (C.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xiaotong He
- Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (Z.P.); (C.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yanliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (Z.P.); (C.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Materials Science & Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Yanhong Lu
- School of Chemistry & Material Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang 065000, China
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