1
|
Singh P, Dosovitskiy G, Bekenstein Y. Bright Innovations: Review of Next-Generation Advances in Scintillator Engineering. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14029-14049. [PMID: 38781034 PMCID: PMC11155248 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on modern scintillators, the heart of ionizing radiation detection with applications in medical diagnostics, homeland security, research, and other areas. The conventional method to improve their characteristics, such as light output and timing properties, consists of improving in material composition and doping, etc., which are intrinsic to the material. On the contrary, we review recent advancements in cutting-edge approaches to shape scintillator characteristics via photonic and metamaterial engineering, which are extrinsic and introduce controlled inhomogeneity in the scintillator's surface or volume. The methods to be discussed include improved light out-coupling using photonic crystal (PhC) coating, dielectric architecture modification producing the Purcell effect, and meta-materials engineering based on energy sharing. These approaches help to break traditional bulk scintillators' limitations, e.g., to deal with poor light extraction efficiency from the material due to a typically large refractive index mismatch or improve timing performance compared to bulk materials. In the Outlook section, modern physical phenomena are discussed and suggested as the basis for the next generations of scintillation-based detectors and technology, followed by a brief discussion on cost-effective fabrication techniques that could be scalable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Singh
- Solid
State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute
of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Georgy Dosovitskiy
- Solid
State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute
of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yehonadav Bekenstein
- Solid
State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute
of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- The
Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen YH, Zhang GZ, Chen FH, Zhang SQ, Fang X, Chen HM, Lin MJ. Correction: Halogen-bonded charge-transfer co-crystal scintillators for high-resolution X-ray imaging. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8249. [PMID: 38817575 PMCID: PMC11134399 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc90091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4SC00735B.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Guo-Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Fu-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen YH, Zhang GZ, Chen FH, Zhang SQ, Fang X, Chen HM, Lin MJ. Halogen-bonded charge-transfer co-crystal scintillators for high-resolution X-ray imaging. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7659-7666. [PMID: 38779171 PMCID: PMC11109936 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of high-quality organic scintillators encounters challenges primarily associated with the weak X-ray absorption ability resulting from the presence of low atomic number elements. An effective strategy involves the incorporation of halogen-containing molecules into the system through co-crystal engineering. Herein, we synthesized a highly fluorescent dye, 2,5-di(4-pyridyl)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (Py2TTz), with a fluorescence quantum yield of 12.09%. Subsequently, Py2TTz was co-crystallized with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (I2F4B) and 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (I3F3B) obtaining Py2TTz-I2F4 and Py2TTz-I3F3. Among them, Py2TTz-I2F4 exhibited exceptional scintillation properties, including an ultrafast decay time (1.426 ns), a significant radiation luminescence intensity (146% higher than Bi3Ge4O12), and a low detection limit (70.49 nGy s-1), equivalent to 1/78th of the detection limit for medical applications (5.5 μGy s-1). This outstanding scintillation performance can be attributed to the formation of halogen-bonding between I2F4B and Py2TTz. Theoretical calculations and single-crystal structures demonstrate the formation of halogen-bond-induced rather than π-π-induced charge-transfer cocrystals, which not only enhances the X-ray absorption ability and material conductivity under X-ray exposure, but also constrains molecular vibration and rotation, and thereby reducing non-radiative transition rate and sharply increasing its fluorescence quantum yields. Based on this, the flexible X-ray film prepared based on Py2TTz-I2F4 achieved an ultrahigh spatial resolution of 26.8 lp per mm, underscoring the superiority of this strategy in developing high-performance organic scintillators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Guo-Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Fu-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
K E R, Krishnan M. Surface dose measurement and comparison between TLD and OSLD during modified re constructive mastectomy irradiation. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045025. [PMID: 38714180 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad47fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the major treatment modalities among surgery and chemotherapy for carcinoma breast. The surface dose study of modified reconstructive constructive Mastectomy (MRM) breast is important due to the heterogeneity in the body contour and the conventional treatment angle to save the lungs and heart from the radiation. These angular entries of radiation beam cause an unpredictable dose deposition on the body surface, which has to be monitored. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) or optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (nano OSLD) are commonly preferable dosimeters for this purpose. The surface dose response of TLD and nano OSLD during MRM irradiation has been compared with the predicted dose from the treatment planning system (TPS). The study monitored 100 MRM patients by employing a total 500 dosimeters consisting of TLD (n = 250) and nano OSLD (n = 250), during irradiation from an Elekta Versa HD 6 MV Linear accelerator. The study observed a variance of 3.9% in the dose measurements for TLD and 3.2% for nano OSLD from the planned surface dose, with a median percentage dose of 44.02 for nano OSLD and 40.30 for TLD (p value 0.01). There was no discernible evidence of variation in dose measurements attributable to differences in field size or from patient to patient. Additionally, no variation was observed in dose measurements when comparing the placement of the dosimeter from central to off-centre positions. In comparison, a minor difference in dose measurements were noted between TLD and nano OSLD, The study's outcomes support the applicability of both TLD and nano OSLD as effective dosimeters during MRM breast irradiation for surface dose evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratheesh K E
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayakannan Krishnan
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong M, Lv A, Zou X, Gan N, Peng C, Ding M, Wang X, Zhou Z, Chen H, Ma H, Gu L, An Z, Huang W. Polymorphism-Dependent Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescent Scintillation for X-Ray Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310663. [PMID: 38267010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic phosphorescent scintillating materials have shown great potential for applications in radiography and radiation detection due to their efficient utilization of excitons. However, revealing the relationship between molecule stacking and the phosphorescent radioluminescence of scintillators is still challenging. This study reports on two phenothiazine derivatives with polymorphism-dependent phosphorescence radioluminescence. The experiments reveal that molecule stacking significantly affects the non-radiation decay of the triplet excitons of scintillators, which further determines the phosphorescence scintillation performance under X-ray irradiation. These phosphorescent scintillators exhibit high radio stability and have a low detection limit of 278 nGys-1. Additionally, the potential application of these scintillators in X-ray radiography, based on their X-ray excited radioluminescence properties, is demonstrated. These findings provide a guideline for obtaining high-performance phosphorescent scintillating materials by shedding light on the effect of crystal packing on the radioluminescence of organic molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Nan Gan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Zixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Huan Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Long Gu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han L, Zhao J, Wang L, Peng G, Xu Y, Yuan M, Miao Y, Ci Z, Jin Z. Metal Halide Nanocrystals@Silica Aerogel Composite with Enhanced Dispersion Stability and Light Output for Efficient X-Ray Imaging in Harsh Environment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307758. [PMID: 38100187 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide nanocrystals (MHNCs) embedded in a polymer matrix as flexible X-ray detector screens is an effective strategy with the advantages of low cost, facile preparation, and large area flexibility. However, MHNCs easily aggregate during preparation, recombination, under mechanical force, storage, or high operating temperature. Meanwhile, it shows an unmatched refractive index with polymer, resulting in low light yield. The related stability and properties of the device remain a huge unrevealed challenge. Herein, a composite screen (CZBM@AG-PS) by integrating MHNCs (Cs2ZnBr4: Mn2+ as an example) into silica aerogel (AG) and embedded in polystyrene (PS) is successfully developed. Further characterization points to the high porosity AG template that can effectively improve the dispersion of MHNCs in polymer detector screens, essentially decreasing nonradiative transition, Rayleigh scattering, and performance aging induced by aggregation in harsh environments. Furthermore, the higher light output and lower optical crosstalk are also achieved by a novel light propagation path based on the MHNCs/AG and AG/PS interfaces. Finally, the optimized CZBM@AG-PS screen shows much enhanced light yield, spatial resolution, and temperature stability. Significantly, the strategy is proven universal by the performance tests of other MHNCs embedded composite films for ultra-stable and efficient X-ray imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jihao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guoqiang Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Youkui Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Minglang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhipeng Ci
- School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhiwen Jin
- School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang J, Huang X, Xu X, Lu H, Wang S, Wu S. Layered Chalcogenide Scintillators Enabled by Reversible Hydrous-Induced Phase Transformation for High-Resolution X-ray Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38497330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Scintillation materials have been widely used in various fields, such as medical diagnosis and industrial detection. Chalcogenides have the potential to become a new generation of high-performance scintillation materials due to their high effective atomic number and good resistance to radiation damage. However, research on their application in radiation detection is currently very scarce. Herein, single crystals of rare earth ion-doped ternary chalcogenides NaGaS2/Eu were grown by a high-temperature solid-phase method. It exhibits unique characteristics of structure transformation by absorbing water molecules from the air. To maintain the anhydrous phase of the material, we have used a strategy of organic-inorganic composites of epoxy resin and NaGaS2/Eu to prepare devices for radiation detection and discuss the irradiation luminescence properties of the two phases. The anhydrous phase of NaGaS2/Eu demonstrates excellent sensitivity to X-rays, with a low detection limit of 250 nGy s-1, which is approximately 1/22 of the medical imaging dose. Additionally, composite flexible films were prepared, which exhibited excellent performance in X-ray imaging. These films enable clear observation of a wide range of objects with a high spatial resolution of up to 13.2 line pairs per millimeter (lp mm-1), indicating that chalcogenide holds promising prospects in the realm of X-ray imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Yang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xixi Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xieming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuaihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Shaofan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang J, Lu H, Yang L, Yao Y, Wei Z, Chen M, Qi H, Ren Y, Wang Y, Qiu J, Lin J. Lanthanide Organic-Inorganic Hybrids for X-ray Scintillation and Imaging. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3642-3647. [PMID: 38346447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Two X-ray scintillators based on organic-inorganic hybrids were constructed by judiciously incorporating lanthanide cations and organic ligands within a single material. The obtained Eu-pba and Tb-pba not only feature excellent radiation, hydrolytic, and thermal stabilities but also exhibit a linear response to the X-ray dose rate with detection limits of 4.92 and 3.17 μGy s-1, respectively. We further present a flexible scintillator film fabricated by embedding Tb-pba in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer. Their incorporation enables X-ray imaging with a spatial resolution of approximately 10 lp mm-1. These results emphasize the potential of lanthanide organic-inorganic hybrids to achieve outstanding performance in X-ray scintillation and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junpu Yang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Huangjie Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P. R. China
| | - Liangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuankai Yao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mamingxuan Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Haiyue Qi
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyang Ren
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yaxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qiu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lin
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cova F, Erroi A, Zaffalon ML, Cemmi A, Di Sarcina I, Perego J, Monguzzi A, Comotti A, Rossi F, Carulli F, Brovelli S. Scintillation Properties of CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals Prepared by Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation and Dual Effect of Polyacrylate Encapsulation toward Scalable Ultrafast Radiation Detectors. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:905-913. [PMID: 38197790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP-NCs) embedded in polymeric hosts are gaining attention as scalable and low-cost scintillation detectors for technologically relevant applications. Despite rapid progress, little is currently known about the scintillation properties and stability of LHP-NCs prepared by the ligand assisted reprecipitation (LARP) method, which allows mass scalability at room temperature unmatched by any other type of nanostructure, and the implications of incorporating LHP-NCs into polyacrylate hosts are still largely debated. Here, we show that LARP-synthesized CsPbBr3 NCs are comparable to particles from hot-injection routes and unravel the dual effect of polyacrylate incorporation, where the partial degradation of LHP-NCs luminescence is counterbalanced by the passivation of electron-poor defects by the host acrylic groups. Experiments on NCs with tailored surface defects show that the balance between such antithetical effects of polymer embedding is determined by the surface defect density of the NCs and provide guidelines for further material optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cova
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Erroi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo L Zaffalon
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia Cemmi
- ENEA Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Sarcina
- ENEA Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Perego
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Monguzzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Angiolina Comotti
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze, 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Carulli
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Brovelli
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano─Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu X, Xie YM, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhu X, Li BX, Liu S, Chen B, Zhao Q. Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High-Resolution X-Ray Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303738. [PMID: 38009773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing need to inspect matter with hyperfine structures requires a revolution in current scintillation detectors, and the innovation of scintillators is revived with luminescent metal halides entering the scene. Notably, for any scintillator, two fundamental issues arise: Which kind of material is suitable and in what form should the material exist? The answer to the former question involves the sequence of certain atoms into specific crystal structures that facilitate the conversion of X-ray into light, whereas the answer to the latter involves assembling these crystallites into particular material forms that can guide light propagation toward its corresponding pixel detector. Despite their equal importance, efforts are overwhelmingly devoted to improving the X-ray-to-light conversion, while the material-form-associated light propagation, which determines the optical signal collected for X-ray imaging, is largely overlooked. This perspective critically correlates the reported spatial resolution with the light-propagation behavior in each form of metal halides, combing the designing rules for their future development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Xu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Min Xie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyao Shi
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yongquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Xiang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Inkrataite G, Skruodiene M, Skaudzius R. Synthesis and investigation of novel boron- and magnesium-doped YAG:Ce and LuAG:Ce phosphor ceramics. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4673. [PMID: 38286598 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
YAG:Ce and LuAG:Ce ceramics are widely used as scintillator materials that convert high-energy radiation into visible light. For the practical application of such compounds, short decay times are a necessity. One way of shortening the existing decay times even more is to change the local environment of emitting ions by means of doping the matrix with additional elements, for example, boron or magnesium. Furthermore, boron ions also can help absorb gamma rays more efficiently, therefore improving overall applicability. Due to the aforementioned reasons, YAG and LuAG ceramics doped with cerium, boron, and magnesium were synthesized. Initial amorphous powders have been obtained by means of sol-gel synthesis and pressed into pellets under isostatic pressure and finally calcinated to form crystalline ceramics. The effects of boron and magnesium doping on the morphological, structural, and luminescence properties were investigated. The key results showed that doping with boron has indeed shortened the decay times of the garnet pellets. Overall, boron doping of ceramics is a relatively new research area; however, it is rather promising as it helps both to improve the luminescence properties and to increase particle growth rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Inkrataite
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Monika Skruodiene
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ramunas Skaudzius
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu HY, Kuan YH, Yu G, Sun YS, Hsu JC. Photoluminescence of Cesium-Doped Sodium Iodide Films Irradiated by UV LED. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2747. [PMID: 37887898 PMCID: PMC10609139 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Alkali metal halides have long been used as scintillators for applications as sensors and detectors. Usually, a small amount of impurities are added to these inorganic materials to improve their luminescence efficiencies. We investigate the structures and luminescent properties of un-doped sodium iodide (NaI) and cesium-doped NaI (NaI:Cs) films deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation. Instead of using the toxic element thallium (Tl), we introduced cesium dopant into NaI. This is the first study for the NaI:Cs film excited by UV LED's ultraviolet C (273 nm, 4.54 eV). The luminescence spectra show two main peaks at 3.05 and 4.32/3.955 eV (for fused silica/B270 substrate), originating from the intrinsic defects and/or activator excited states and the intrinsic self-trapped excitons (STEs), respectively. In general, both Cs-doping and post-annealing processes enhance the luminescence performance of NaI films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yu Wu
- System Manufacturing Center, National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 237209, Taiwan;
- Center for Astronomical Physics and Engineering, Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Kuan
- Department of Physics, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| | - Guoyu Yu
- Department of Engineering and Technology, School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK;
| | - Yung-Shin Sun
- Department of Physics, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| | - Jin-Cherng Hsu
- Center for Astronomical Physics and Engineering, Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu H, Zhao J, Xue Y, Zhang J, Bai H, Pan S, Peng B, Li L, Voelcker NH. X-Ray-Induced Drug Release for Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306100. [PMID: 37278399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are designed to deliver therapeutic agents to specific target sites while minimizing systemic toxicity. Recent developments in drug-loaded DDSs have demonstrated promising characteristics and paved new pathways for cancer treatment. Light, a prevalent external stimulus, is widely utilized to trigger drug release. However, conventional light sources primarily concentrate on the ultraviolet (UV) and visible light regions, which suffer from limited biological tissue penetration. This limitation hinders applications for deep-tissue tumor drug release. Given their deep tissue penetration and well-established application technology, X-rays have recently received attention for the pursuit of controlled drug release. With precise spatiotemporal and dosage controllability, X-rays stand as an ideal stimulus for achieving controlled drug release in deep-tissue cancer therapy. This article explores the recent advancements in using X-rays for stimulus-triggered drug release in DDSs and delves into their action mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Sijun Pan
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics, IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS), Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, 13 Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Lin Li
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics, IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) and Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS), Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Erroi A, Mecca S, Zaffalon ML, Frank I, Carulli F, Cemmi A, Di Sarcina I, Debellis D, Rossi F, Cova F, Pauwels K, Mauri M, Perego J, Pinchetti V, Comotti A, Meinardi F, Vedda A, Auffray E, Beverina L, Brovelli S. Ultrafast and Radiation-Hard Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocomposite Scintillators. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2023; 8:3883-3894. [PMID: 37705701 PMCID: PMC10497040 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of scintillators for the detection of ionizing radiation is a critical aspect in many fields, including medicine, nuclear monitoring, and homeland security. Recently, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP-NCs) have emerged as promising scintillator materials. However, the difficulty of affordably upscaling synthesis to the multigram level and embedding NCs in optical-grade nanocomposites without compromising their optical properties still limits their widespread use. In addition, fundamental aspects of the scintillation mechanisms are not fully understood, leaving the scientific community without suitable fabrication protocols and rational guidelines for the full exploitation of their potential. In this work, we realize large polyacrylate nanocomposite scintillators based on CsPbBr3 NCs, which are synthesized via a novel room temperature, low waste turbo-emulsification approach, followed by their in situ transformation during the mass polymerization process. The interaction between NCs and polymer chains strengthens the scintillator structure, homogenizes the particle size distribution and passivates NC defects, resulting in nanocomposite prototypes with luminescence efficiency >90%, exceptional radiation hardness, 4800 ph/MeV scintillation yield even at low NC loading, and ultrafast response time, with over 30% of scintillation occurring in the first 80 ps, promising for fast-time applications in precision medicine and high-energy physics. Ultrafast radioluminescence and optical spectroscopy experiments using pulsed synchrotron light further disambiguate the origin of the scintillation kinetics as the result of charged-exciton and multiexciton recombination formed under ionizing excitation. This highlights the role of nonradiative Auger decay, whose potential impact on fast timing applications we anticipate via a kinetic model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Erroi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mecca
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo L. Zaffalon
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabel Frank
- CERN, Esplanade des Particules 1, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
- LMU
Munich, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz
1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco Carulli
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Cemmi
- ENEA
Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department,
Casaccia R.C., Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Sarcina
- ENEA
Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department,
Casaccia R.C., Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- IMEM-CNR
Institute, Parco Area
delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Cova
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Kristof Pauwels
- ESRF
- The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michele Mauri
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Perego
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Pinchetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Angiolina Comotti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Meinardi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Vedda
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luca Beverina
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Brovelli
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20126 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Farnworth AL, Bugby SL. Intraoperative Gamma Cameras: A Review of Development in the Last Decade and Future Outlook. J Imaging 2023; 9:jimaging9050102. [PMID: 37233321 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9050102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Portable gamma cameras suitable for intraoperative imaging are in active development and testing. These cameras utilise a range of collimation, detection, and readout architectures, each of which can have significant and interacting impacts on the performance of the system as a whole. In this review, we provide an analysis of intraoperative gamma camera development over the past decade. The designs and performance of 17 imaging systems are compared in depth. We discuss where recent technological developments have had the greatest impact, identify emerging technological and scientific requirements, and predict future research directions. This is a comprehensive review of the current and emerging state-of-the-art as more devices enter clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Farnworth
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Sarah L Bugby
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang X, Qiu H, Luo W, Huang K, Chen Y, Zhang J, Wang B, Peng D, Wang Y, Zheng K. High-Performance X-Ray Imaging using Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207004. [PMID: 36950755 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Scintillating materials that convert ionizing radiation into low-energy photons hold great potential for radiation detection, nondestructive inspection, medical radiography, and space exploration. However, organic scintillators are characterized by low radioluminescence, while bulky inorganic scintillators are not suitable for the development of flexible detectors. Here, high-resolution X-ray imaging using solution-processable lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks as microscale scintillators is demonstrated. Mechanistic studies suggest that lanthanide ions absorb X-rays to generate high-density molecular triplet excitons, and excited linkers subsequently sensitize lanthanide ions via nonradiative resonance energy transfer. Furthermore, the crystalline nature offers a delocalized electronic feature rather than isolated subunits, which enables direct trapping of charge carriers by lanthanide emitters. By controlling the concentration ratio between Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions, efficient and color-tunable radioluminescence of lanthanide ions can be achieved. When coupled with elastic, transparent polymer matrices, these metal-organic framework-based microscintillators allow the fabrication of flexible X-ray detectors. Such detectors feature a detection limit of 23 nGy s-1 , which is 240 times lower than the typical radiation dose for medical diagnosis. X-ray imaging with resolution higher than 16.6 line pairs per millimeter is further demonstrated. These findings provide insight into the future design of hybrid scintillators for optoelectronics and X-ray sensing and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiyi Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wang Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaofeng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bohan Wang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center, ICL 2DMOST, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Daoling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Wang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center, ICL 2DMOST, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Kezhi Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Material, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zheng Z, Lu H, Hou H, Bai Y, Qiu J, Guo X, Wang JQ, Lin J. Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X-ray Detection and Shielding. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206782. [PMID: 36534835 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and shielding of X-ray radiation are of paramount importance across diverse fields. However, they are frequently realized in separate protocols and a single material integrating both functions remained elusive. Herein, a hexanuclear cluster [Th6 (µ3 -OH)4 (µ3 -O)4 (H2 O)6 ](pba)6 (HCOO)6 (Th-pba-0D) incorporating high-Z thorium cations and 3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzoate ligands that can function as a brand-new dual-module platform for visible detection and efficient shielding of ionizing radiation is demonstrated. Th-pba-0D exhibits rather unique reversible radiochromism upon alternating X-ray and UV irradiation. Moreover, the millimeter scale crystal size of Th-pba-0D renders the penetration depth of X-ray visible to naked eye and leads to the unearthing of its high X-ray attenuation efficiency. Indeed, the shielding efficacy of Th-pba-0D is comparable to that of lead glass containing 40% PbO, and a Th-pba-0D pellet with a thickness of merely 1.2 mm can shield 99.73% X-ray (16 keV). These studies portend the possible utilization of thorium-bearing materials as a bifunctional platform for radiation detection and shielding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofa Zheng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019 Jia Luo Road, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huangjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019 Jia Luo Road, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huiliang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019 Jia Luo Road, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Bai
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qiu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Alexandra Navrotsky Institute for Experimental Thermodynamics, Washington State University, Fulmer 630, Pullman, WA, 99164-4630, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019 Jia Luo Road, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lin
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo JB, Wei JH, Zhang ZZ, He ZL, Kuang DB. A Melt-Quenched Luminescent Glass of an Organic-Inorganic Manganese Halide as a Large-Area Scintillator for Radiation Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216504. [PMID: 36504433 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glass is a group of materials with appealing qualities, including simplicity in fabrication, durability, and high transparency, and they play a crucial role in the optics field. In this paper, a new organic-inorganic metal halide luminescent glass exhibiting >78 % transmittance at 506-800 nm range together with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 28.5 % is reported through a low-temperature melt-quenching approach of pre-synthesized (HTPP)2 MnBr4 (HTPP=hexyltriphenylphosphonium) single crystal. Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction, polarizing microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations were combined to investigate the glass-crystal interconversion process, revealing the disordered nature of the glassy state. Benefiting from the transparent nature, (HTPP)2 MnBr4 glass yields an outstanding spatial resolution of 10 lp mm-1 for X-ray imaging. The superb optical properties and facility of large-scale fabrication distinguish the organic-inorganic metal halide glass as a highly promising class of materials for optical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hua Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Lin He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Bin Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohr P, Efthimiou N, Pagano F, Kratochwil N, Pizzichemi M, Tsoumpas C, Auffray E, Ziemons K. Image Reconstruction Analysis for Positron Emission Tomography With Heterostructured Scintillators. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 7:41-51. [PMID: 37397180 PMCID: PMC10312993 DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2022.3208615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The concept of structure engineering has been proposed for exploring the next generation of radiation detectors with improved performance. A TOF-PET geometry with heterostructured scintillators with a pixel size of 3.0 × 3.1 × 15 mm3 was simulated using Monte Carlo. The heterostructures consisted of alternating layers of BGO as a dense material with high stopping power and plastic (EJ232) as a fast light emitter. The detector time resolution was calculated as a function of the deposited and shared energy in both materials on an event-by-event basis. While sensitivity was reduced to 32% for 100-μm thick plastic layers and 52% for 50 μm, the coincidence time resolution (CTR) distribution improved to 204 ± 49 and 220 ± 41 ps, respectively, compared to 276 ps that we considered for bulk BGO. The complex distribution of timing resolutions was accounted for in the reconstruction. We divided the events into three groups based on their CTR and modeled them with different Gaussian TOF kernels. On an NEMA IQ phantom, the heterostructures had better contrast recovery in early iterations. On the other hand, BGO achieved a better contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) after the 15th iteration due to the higher sensitivity. The developed simulation and reconstruction methods constitute new tools for evaluating different detector designs with complex time responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mohr
- Factuly of Chemistry and Biotechnology, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany, and also with the Experimental Physics Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1201 Geneva, Switzerland. He is now with the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikos Efthimiou
- Department Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Fiammetta Pagano
- Physics Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy, and also with the Experimental Physics Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolaus Kratochwil
- Experimental Physics Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marco Pizzichemi
- Physics Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy, and also with the Experimental Physics Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charalampos Tsoumpas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, and also with the Biomedical Imaging Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| | - Etiennette Auffray
- Experimental Physics Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl Ziemons
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering and Technomathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Retivov V, Dubov V, Komendo I, Karpyuk P, Kuznetsova D, Sokolov P, Talochka Y, Korzhik M. Compositionally Disordered Crystalline Compounds for Next Generation of Radiation Detectors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4295. [PMID: 36500919 PMCID: PMC9740461 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The review is devoted to the analysis of the compositional disordering potential of the crystal matrix of a scintillator to improve its scintillation parameters. Technological capabilities to complicate crystal matrices both in anionic and cationic sublattices of a variety of compounds are examined. The effects of the disorder at nano-level on the landscape at the bottom of the conduction band, which is adjacent to the band gap, have been discussed. The ways to control the composition of polycationic compounds when creating precursors, the role of disorder in the anionic sublattice in alkali halide compounds, a positive role of Gd based matrices on scintillation properties, and the control of the heterovalent state of the activator by creation of disorder in silicates have been considered as well. The benefits of introducing a 3D printing method, which is prospective for the engineering and production of scintillators at the nanoscale level, have been manifested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasili Retivov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Valery Dubov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Ilia Komendo
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Petr Karpyuk
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Daria Kuznetsova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Petr Sokolov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—Institute of Reactives, IREA, Moscow 107076, Russia
| | - Yauheni Talochka
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarus State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Mikhail Korzhik
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarus State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou X, Wang CL, Wang Y. Transparent Microcomposite Films Based on a Ce-Doped Li 6Gd(BO 3) 3 Scintillator for Radiation Detection. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31567-31576. [PMID: 36092621 PMCID: PMC9453981 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Scintillators are widely used for high-energy radiation detection. Hybrid inorganic-organic composite scintillators with high light yields, high light decay rates, excellent stability, and low costs are in great demand. Here, we report a novel scintillator composed of Ce-doped Li6Gd(BO3)3 (LGBO) microphosphors (MPs) and polymethyl methacrylate for X-ray and thermal neutron detection. The Ce-doped LGBO MPs, fabricated using a facile high-temperature solid-state reaction method, exhibit intense blue light at 416 nm under X-ray and UV excitation and have a high photoluminescence quantum yield of ∼63%. More importantly, the composite scintillator based on these MPs has excellent transparency and luminescence intensity. The luminescence integral intensity of composite scintillators is superior to that of commercial CsI:Na under X-ray excitation, and the light yield under thermal neutron irradiation is 21,000 photons/thermal neutron. The scintillation decay time is found to be below 600 ns. The neutron-gamma signal discrimination and neutron detection efficiency of the composite scintillators are acceptable for practical application. There is an excellent separation between neutron and background events. It represents significant improvements in scintillator performances, especially for reliable thermal neutron scintillators that are likely to improve the data qualities of scientific instruments, including charge-coupled device-based imagers and Anger logic-based position-sensitive detectors in neutron user facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunsheng Zhou
- Neutron
Science Platform, Songshan Lake Materials
Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials,
Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green
Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and
Telecommunication Engineering, South China
Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai Lin Wang
- Neutron
Science Platform, Songshan Lake Materials
Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinzhen Wang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials,
Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Efficient Green
Energy and Environmental Protection Materials, School of Physics and
Telecommunication Engineering, South China
Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Luminescence Efficiency of Cerium Bromide Single Crystal under X-ray Radiation. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12070909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
A rare-earth trihalide scintillator, CeBr3, in 1 cm edge cubic monocrystal form, is examined with regard to its principal luminescence and scintillation properties, as a candidate for radiation imaging applications. This relatively new material exhibits attractive properties, including short decay time, negligible afterglow, high stopping power and emission spectrum compatible with several commercial optical sensors. In a setting typical for X-ray radiology (medical X-ray tube, spectra in the range 50–140 kVp, human chest equivalent filtering), the crystal’s light energy flux, absolute efficiency (AE) and X-ray luminescence efficiency (XLE) were determined. Light energy flux results are superior in comparison to other four materials broadly used in modern medical imaging (slope of the linear no-threshold fit was 29.5). The AE is superior from 90 kVp onwards and reaches a value of 29.5 EU at 140 kVp. The same is true for the XLE that, following a flat response, reaches 9 × 10−3 at 90 kVp. Moreover, the spectral matching factors and the respective effective efficiencies (EE) are calculated for a variety of optical sensors. The material exhibits full compatibility with all the flat-panel arrays and most of the photocathodes and Si PMs considered in this work, a factor that proves its suitability for use in state-of-the-art medical imaging applications, such as CT detectors and planar arrays for projection imaging.
Collapse
|
23
|
Han K, Sakhatskyi K, Jin J, Zhang Q, Kovalenko MV, Xia Z. Seed-Crystal-Induced Cold Sintering Toward Metal Halide Transparent Ceramic Scintillators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110420. [PMID: 35231955 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scintillators with high spatial resolution at a low radiation dose rate are desirable for X-ray medical imaging. To challenge the state-of-art technology, it is necessary to design large-area wafers with high light yield, oriented light transport, and reduced light scattering. Here, a seed-crystal-induced cold sintering is adopted and a <001>-textured TPP2 MnBr4 (TPP: tetraphenylphosphonium) transparent ceramic is fabricated with a large-area wafer of 5 cm in diameter, exhibiting high optical transparency of above 68% over the 450-600 nm range. The compelling scintillation performance of the TPP2 MnBr4 wafer includes a light yield of ≈78 000 ± 2000 photons per MeV, a low detection limit 8.8 nanograys per second, about 625 times lower than the requirement of X-ray diagnostics (5500 nanograys per second), and an energy resolution of 17% for high-energy γ-rays (662 keV). X-ray imaging demonstrates a high spatial resolution of 15.7 lp mm-1 . Moreover, the designed material exhibits good retention of the radioluminescence intensity and light yield. This work presents a paradigm for achieving light-guiding properties with high transparency and large-area fabrication by grain orientation engineering, and the transparent, textured metal halide ceramic scintillator is expected to provide a route for advancement in the X-ray imaging of tomorrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Kostiantyn Sakhatskyi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jiance Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, China
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhiguo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang J, Xiang Y, Wang C, Chen Y, Tjin SC, Wei L. Recent Advances in Optical Fiber Enabled Radiation Sensors. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031126. [PMID: 35161870 PMCID: PMC8840197 DOI: 10.3390/s22031126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical fibers are being widely utilized as radiation sensors and dosimeters. Benefiting from the rapidly growing optical fiber manufacturing and material engineering, advanced optical fibers have evolved significantly by using functional structures and materials, promoting their detection accuracy and usage scenarios as radiation sensors. This paper summarizes the current development of optical fiber-based radiation sensors. The sensing principles of both extrinsic and intrinsic optical fiber radiation sensors, including radiation-induced attenuation (RIA), radiation-induced luminescence (RIL), and fiber grating wavelength shifting (RI-GWS), were analyzed. The relevant advanced fiber materials and structures, including silica glass, doped silica glasses, polymers, fluorescent and scintillator materials, were also categorized and summarized based on their characteristics. The fabrication methods of intrinsic all-fiber radiation sensors were introduced, as well. Moreover, the applicable scenarios from medical dosimetry to industrial environmental monitoring were discussed. In the end, both challenges and perspectives of fiber-based radiation sensors and fiber-shaped radiation dosimeters were presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Yudiao Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yunkang Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Swee Chuan Tjin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (L.W.)
| |
Collapse
|