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Palma F, Acunzo M, Della Marca R, Dell'Annunziata F, Folliero V, Chianese A, Zannella C, Franci G, De Filippis A, Galdiero M. Evaluation of antifungal spectrum of Cupferron against Candida albicans. Microb Pathog 2024; 194:106835. [PMID: 39117014 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast accounting for about 50-90 % of all cases of candidiasis in humans, ranging from superficial to systemic potentially life-threatening infections. The presence of several virulence factors, including biofilm, hyphal transition, and proteolytic enzymes production, worsens the fungal infections burden on healthcare system resources. Hence, developing new bioactive compounds with antifungal activity is a pressing urgence for the scientific community. In this perspective, we evaluated the anti-Candida potential of the N-Nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine ammonium salt (cupferron) against standard and clinical C. albicans strains. Firstly, the in vitro cytotoxicity of cupferron was checked in the range 400-12.5 μg/mL against human microglial cells (HMC-3). Secondly, its antifungal spectrum was explored via disk diffusion test, broth-microdilution method, and time-killing curve analysis, validating the obtained results through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Additionally, we evaluated the cupferron impact on the main virulence determinants of Candida albicans. At non-toxic concentrations (100-12.5 μg/mL), the compound exerted interesting anti-Candida activity, registering a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between 50 and 100 μg/mL against the tested strains, with a fungistatic effect until 100 μg/mL. Furthermore, cupferron was able to counteract fungal virulence at MIC and sub-MIC values (50-12.5 μg/mL). These findings may propose cupferron as a new potential antifungal option for the treatment of Candida albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Palma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Acunzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Della Marca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Dell'Annunziata
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
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2
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Jusuf S, Mansour MK. Catalase Deactivation Increases Dermatophyte Sensitivity to ROS Sources. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:476. [PMID: 39057361 PMCID: PMC11277954 DOI: 10.3390/jof10070476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the leading cause of fungal skin infections around the globe, dermatophytes are responsible for a multitude of skin ailments, ranging from athlete's foot to ringworm. Due to the combination of its growing prevalence and antifungal misuse, antifungal-resistant dermatophyte strains like Trichophyton indotineae have begun to emerge, posing a significant global health risk. The emergence of these resistant dermatophytes highlights a critical need to identify alternative methods of treating dermatophyte infections. In our study, we utilized a 405 nm LED to establish that blue light can effectively inactivate catalase within a variety of both susceptible and resistant dermatophytes. Through this catalase inactivation process, light-treated dermatophytes were found to exhibit increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing agents, improving the performance of antimicrobial agents such as H2O2 and amphotericin B. Our findings further demonstrate that light-induced catalase inactivation can inhibit the formation and polarized growth of hyphae from dermatophytes, suppressing biomass formation. Thus, by increasing ROS sensitization and inhibiting hyphal development, catalase-deactivating blue light offers a potential non-invasive and non-drug-reliant method of managing dermatophyte infections, opening new avenues for the potential treatment of these common infections in conjunction with existing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jusuf
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael K. Mansour
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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3
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Arano-Martinez JA, Hernández-Benítez JA, Martines-Arano H, Rodríguez-Tovar AV, Trejo-Valdez M, García-Pérez BE, Torres-Torres C. Multiphotonic Ablation and Electro-Capacitive Effects Exhibited by Candida albicans Biofilms. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:333. [PMID: 38671755 PMCID: PMC11048035 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This work reports the modification in the homogeneity of ablation effects with the assistance of nonlinear optical phenomena exhibited by C. albicans ATCC 10231, forming a biofilm. Equivalent optical energies with different levels of intensity were irradiated in comparative samples, and significant changes were observed. Nanosecond pulses provided by an Nd:YAG laser system at a 532 nm wavelength in a single-beam experiment were employed to explore the photodamage and the nonlinear optical transmittance. A nonlinear optical absorption coefficient -2 × 10-6 cm/W was measured in the samples studied. It is reported that multiphotonic interactions can promote more symmetric optical damage derived by faster changes in the evolution of fractional photoenergy transference. The electrochemical response of the sample was studied to further investigate the electronic dynamics dependent on electrical frequency, and an electro-capacitive behavior in the sample was identified. Fractional differential calculations were proposed to describe the thermal transport induced by nanosecond pulses in the fungi media. These results highlight the nonlinear optical effects to be considered as a base for developing photothermally activated phototechnology and high-precision photodamage in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Alberto Arano-Martinez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - José Alejandro Hernández-Benítez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Hilario Martines-Arano
- Escuela Superior Tepeji del Río, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tepeji del Río de Ocampo, Hidalgo 42860, Mexico
| | - Aída Verónica Rodríguez-Tovar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Martin Trejo-Valdez
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Blanca Estela García-Pérez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Carlos Torres-Torres
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
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4
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Cerqueira F, Medeiros R, Lopes I, Campos C, Ferraz MP, Silva F, Alves LG, Pinto E. A Cyclam Salt as an Antifungal Agent: Interference with Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans Mechanisms of Virulence. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:222. [PMID: 38534657 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of fungal infections, particularly those caused by yeasts, is increasing among the medical community. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are amongst the high-priority fungal species identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) and are considered in the critical group, while Candida krusei is included in the medium-priority group. The cyclam salt H4[H2(4-CF3PhCH2)2Cyclam]Cl4 proved to be active against the growth of these three yeasts, and the aim of this work was to verify its interference with their virulence mechanisms, whether shared or unique. H4[H2(4-CF3PhCH2)2Cyclam]Cl4 significantly inhibited biofilm production and catalase activity, being able to interfere with C. albicans dimorphic transition and C. neoformans melanin production. At the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, H4[H2(4-CF3PhCH2)2Cyclam]Cl4 had no antioxidant effect, as determined by the DPPH method. When using the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, H4[H2(4-CF3PhCH2)2Cyclam]Cl4 reduced nitric oxide (NO) detection (the Griess reaction), but this effect was associated with a significant toxic effect on the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Cerqueira
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, GIT-LoSa, University Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, GIT-LoSa, University Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Lopes
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Campos
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Pia Ferraz
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), University of Porto (UP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto (UP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto (UP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís G Alves
- Centro de Química Estrutural-Institute of Molecular Sciences, Associação do Instituto Superior Técnico para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Av. António José de Almeida nº12, 1000-043 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Chen L, Peng M, Li H, Zhou J, He W, Hu R, Ye F, Li Y, Shi L, Liu Y. Metal-Phenolic Network with Pd Nanoparticle Nodes Synergizes Oxidase-Like and Photothermal Properties to Eradicate Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm-Associated Infections. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306376. [PMID: 37944993 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Designing an effective treatment strategy to combat oral diseases caused by complex polymicrobial biofilms remains a great challenge. Herein, a series of metal-phenolic network with Pd nanoparticle nodes using polyphenols as stabilizers and reducing agents is constructed. Among them, sulfonated lignin-Pd (SLS-Pd) with ultrafine size palladium nanoparticles and broadband near infrared absorption exhibit excellent oxidase-like activity and stable photothermal effect. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the superoxide radical generated by SLS-Pd oxidase-like activity exhibits selective antibacterial effects, while its photothermal effect induced hyperthermia exhibits potent antifungal properties. This difference is further elucidated by RNA-sequencing analysis and all-atom simulation. Moreover, the SLS-Pd-mediated synergistic antimicrobial system exhibits remarkable efficacy in combating various biofilms and polymicrobial biofilms. By establishing a root canal model and an oropharyngeal candidiasis model, the feasibility of the synergistic antimicrobial system in treating oral biofilm-related infections is further validated. This system provides a promising therapeutic approach for polymicrobial biofilm-associated infections in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengna Peng
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
| | - Jianan Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthodontics School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Rongdang Hu
- Department of Orthodontics School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Linqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
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6
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Liang X, Tang Y, Kurboniyon MS, Luo D, Tu G, Xia P, Ning S, Zhang L, Wang C. PdMo nanoflowers for endogenous/exogenous-stimulated nanocatalytic therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1324764. [PMID: 38143503 PMCID: PMC10740153 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1324764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated tumor treatment has been critically limited by inefficient ROS generation. Herein, we rationally synthesized and constructed the three-dimensional PdMo nanoflowers through a one-pot solvothermal reduction method for elaborately regulated peroxidase-like enzymatic activity and glutathione peroxidase-like enzymatic activity, to promote oxidation ROS evolvement and antioxidation glutathione depletion for achieving intensive ROS-mediated tumor therapy. The three-dimensional superstructure composed of two-dimensional nanosheet subunits can solve the issues by avoiding the appearance of tightly stacked crystalline nanostructures. Significantly, Mo is chosen as a second metal to alloy with Pd because of its more chemical valence and negative ionization energy than Pd for improved electron transfer efficiencies and enhanced enzyme-like activities. In addition, the photothermal effect generated by PdMo nanoflowers could also enhance its enzymatic activities. Thus, this work provides a promising paradigm for achieving highly ROS-mediated tumor therapeutic efficacy by regulating the multi-enzymatic activities of Pd-based nanoalloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Liang
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yanping Tang
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | | | - Danni Luo
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Guiwan Tu
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Pengle Xia
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Shufang Ning
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Litu Zhang
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Research and Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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7
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Jusuf S, Dong PT. Chromophore-Targeting Precision Antimicrobial Phototherapy. Cells 2023; 12:2664. [PMID: 37998399 PMCID: PMC10670386 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Phototherapy, encompassing the utilization of both natural and artificial light, has emerged as a dependable and non-invasive strategy for addressing a diverse range of illnesses, diseases, and infections. This therapeutic approach, primarily known for its efficacy in treating skin infections, such as herpes and acne lesions, involves the synergistic use of specific light wavelengths and photosensitizers, like methylene blue. Photodynamic therapy, as it is termed, relies on the generation of antimicrobial reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the interaction between light and externally applied photosensitizers. Recent research, however, has highlighted the intrinsic antimicrobial properties of light itself, marking a paradigm shift in focus from exogenous agents to the inherent photosensitivity of molecules found naturally within pathogens. Chemical analyses have identified specific organic molecular structures and systems, including protoporphyrins and conjugated C=C bonds, as pivotal components in molecular photosensitivity. Given the prevalence of these systems in organic life forms, there is an urgent need to investigate the potential impact of phototherapy on individual molecules expressed within pathogens and discern their contributions to the antimicrobial effects of light. This review delves into the recently unveiled key molecular targets of phototherapy, offering insights into their potential downstream implications and therapeutic applications. By shedding light on these fundamental molecular mechanisms, we aim to advance our understanding of phototherapy's broader therapeutic potential and contribute to the development of innovative treatments for a wide array of microbial infections and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jusuf
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Pu-Ting Dong
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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8
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Lopez-Blazquez C, Lacalle-Gonzalez C, Sanz-Criado L, Ochieng’ Otieno M, Garcia-Foncillas J, Martinez-Useros J. Iron-Dependent Cell Death: A New Treatment Approach against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14979. [PMID: 37834426 PMCID: PMC10573128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating tumor type where a very high proportion of people diagnosed end up dying from cancer. Surgical resection is an option for only about 20% of patients, where the 5-year survival increase ranges from 10 to 25%. In addition to surgical resection, there are adjuvant chemotherapy schemes, such as FOLFIRINOX (a mix of Irinotecan, oxaliplatin, 5-Fluorouraci and leucovorin) or gemcitabine-based treatment. These last two drugs have been compared in the NAPOLI-3 clinical trial, and the NALIRIFOX arm was found to have a higher overall survival (OS) (11.1 months vs. 9.2 months). Despite these exciting improvements, PDAC still has no effective treatment. An interesting approach would be to drive ferroptosis in PDAC cells. A non-apoptotic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death, ferroptosis was first described by Dixon et al. in 2012. ROS are constantly produced in the tumor cell due to high cell metabolism, which is even higher when exposed to chemotherapy. Tumor cells have detoxifying mechanisms, such as Mn-SOD or the GSH-GPX system. However, when a threshold of ROS is exceeded in the tumor cell, the cell's antioxidant systems are overwhelmed, resulting in lipid peroxidation and, ultimately, ferroptosis. In this review, we point out ferroptosis as an approach to consider in PDAC and propose that altering the cellular ROS balance by combining oxidizing agents or with inhibitors of the main cellular detoxifiers triggers ferroptosis in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lopez-Blazquez
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute—Fundación Jimenéz Diaz, Fundación Jimenéz Díaz University Hospital/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.-B.); (L.S.-C.)
| | - Carlos Lacalle-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lara Sanz-Criado
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute—Fundación Jimenéz Diaz, Fundación Jimenéz Díaz University Hospital/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.-B.); (L.S.-C.)
| | - Michael Ochieng’ Otieno
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute—Fundación Jimenéz Diaz, Fundación Jimenéz Díaz University Hospital/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.-B.); (L.S.-C.)
| | - Jesus Garcia-Foncillas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Martinez-Useros
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute—Fundación Jimenéz Diaz, Fundación Jimenéz Díaz University Hospital/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.-B.); (L.S.-C.)
- Area of Physiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Leanse LG, Marasini S, dos Anjos C, Dai T. Antimicrobial Resistance: Is There a 'Light' at the End of the Tunnel? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1437. [PMID: 37760734 PMCID: PMC10525303 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the increases in microorganisms that express a multitude of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms, the threat of antimicrobial resistance in the global population has reached critical levels. The introduction of the COVID-19 pandemic has further contributed to the influx of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), which has placed significant pressure on healthcare systems. For over a century, the potential for light-based approaches targeted at combatting both cancer and infectious diseases has been proposed. They offer effective killing of microbial pathogens, regardless of AMR status, and have not typically been associated with high propensities of resistance development. To that end, the goal of this review is to describe the different mechanisms that drive AMR, including intrinsic, phenotypic, and acquired resistance mechanisms. Additionally, the different light-based approaches, including antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), antimicrobial blue light (aBL), and ultraviolet (UV) light, will be discussed as potential alternatives or adjunct therapies with conventional antimicrobials. Lastly, we will evaluate the feasibility and requirements associated with integration of light-based approaches into the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G. Leanse
- Health and Sports Sciences Hub, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Sanjay Marasini
- New Zealand National Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Carolina dos Anjos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
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10
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Jusuf S, Zhan Y, Zhang M, Alexander NJ, Viens A, Mansour MK, Cheng JX. Blue Light Deactivation of Catalase Suppresses Candida Hyphae Development Through Lipogenesis Inhibition. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:936-946. [PMID: 36117418 DOI: 10.1111/php.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyphae formation is a key step for fungal penetration into epithelial cells and escaping from macrophages or neutrophils. We found that 405 nm light-induced catalase deactivation results in the inhibition of hyphae growth in Candida albicans. The treatment is capable of inhibiting hyphae growth across multiple hyphae-producing Candida species. Metabolic studies on light-treated C. albicans reveal that light treatment results in a strong reduction in both lipid and protein metabolism. A significant decrease in unsaturated and saturated fatty acids was detected through mass spectroscopy, indicating that the suppression of hyphae through light-induced catalase deactivation may occur through inhibition of lipid metabolism. Initial in vivo tests indicate that blue light treatment can suppress the hyphae forming capabilities of C. albicans within murine abrasion infections. Together, these findings open new avenues for the treatment of Candida fungal infections by targeting their dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jusuf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Yuewei Zhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Adam Viens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Michael K Mansour
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA
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Santos AL, Beckham JL, Liu D, Li G, van Venrooy A, Oliver A, Tegos GP, Tour JM. Visible-Light-Activated Molecular Machines Kill Fungi by Necrosis Following Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Calcium Overload. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205781. [PMID: 36715588 PMCID: PMC10074111 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are a growing public health threat. As fungi become increasingly resistant to existing drugs, new antifungals are urgently needed. Here, it is reported that 405-nm-visible-light-activated synthetic molecular machines (MMs) eliminate planktonic and biofilm fungal populations more effectively than conventional antifungals without resistance development. Mechanism-of-action studies show that MMs bind to fungal mitochondrial phospholipids. Upon visible light activation, rapid unidirectional drilling of MMs at ≈3 million cycles per second (MHz) results in mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium overload, and ultimately necrosis. Besides their direct antifungal effect, MMs synergize with conventional antifungals by impairing the activity of energy-dependent efflux pumps. Finally, MMs potentiate standard antifungals both in vivo and in an ex vivo porcine model of onychomycosis, reducing the fungal burden associated with infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Santos
- Department of ChemistryRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- IdISBA – Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas BalearesPalma07120Spain
| | | | - Dongdong Liu
- Department of ChemistryRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Gang Li
- Department of ChemistryRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | | | - Antonio Oliver
- IdISBA – Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas BalearesPalma07120Spain
- Servicio de MicrobiologiaHospital Universitari Son EspasesPalma07120Spain
| | - George P. Tegos
- Office of ResearchReading HospitalTower Health, 420 S. Fifth AvenueWest ReadingPA19611USA
| | - James M. Tour
- Department of ChemistryRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- NanoCarbon Center and the Welch Institute for Advanced MaterialsRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
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12
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Jusuf S, Cheng JX. Blue Light Improves Antimicrobial Efficiency of Silver Sulfadiazine Via Catalase Inactivation. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:80-87. [PMID: 36780574 PMCID: PMC9963486 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Blue light exhibits the ability to deactivate catalase present in pathogens, significantly improving the antimicrobial performance of compounds such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, H2O2 is not used within clinical settings due to its short half-life, limiting its potential applications. In this study, we explore the usage of Food and Drug Administration-approved and clinically used silver sulfadiazine (SSD) as a potential alternative to H2O2, acting as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing agent capable of synergizing with blue light exposure. Materials and methods: For in vitro studies, bacterial strains were exposed to a continuous wave 405 nm light-emitting diode (LED) followed by treatment with SSD for varying incubation times. For in vivo studies, bacteria-infected murine abrasion wounds were treated with daily treatments of 405 nm LED light and 1% SSD cream for up to 4 days. The surviving bacterial population was quantified through agar plating and colony-forming unit quantification. Results: Through a checkerboard assay, blue light and SSD demonstrated synergistic interactions. Against both gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, blue light significantly improved the antimicrobial response of SSD within both phosphate-buffered saline and nutrient-rich conditions. Examination into the mechanisms reveals that the neutralization of catalase significantly improves the ROS-producing capabilities of SSD at the exterior of the bacterial cell, producing greater amounts of toxic ROS capable of exerting antimicrobial activity against the pathogen. Additional experiments reveal that the incorporation of light improves the antimicrobial performance of SSD within methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)- and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 1 (PAO-1)-infected murine abrasion wounds. Conclusions: As an established, clinically used antibiotic, SSD can act as a suitable alternative to H2O2 in synergizing with catalase-deactivating blue light, allowing for better translation of this technology to more clinical settings and further implementation of this treatment to more complex animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jusuf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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dos Anjos C, Leanse LG, Liu X, Miranda HV, Anderson RR, Dai T. Antimicrobial Blue Light for Prevention and Treatment of Highly Invasive Vibrio vulnificus Burn Infection in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:932466. [PMID: 35903474 PMCID: PMC9315199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.932466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is an invasive marine bacterium that causes a variety of serious infectious diseases. With the increasing multidrug-resistant variants, treatment of V. vulnificus infections is becoming more difficult. In this study, we explored antimicrobial blue light (aBL; 405 nm wavelength) for the treatment of V. vulnificus infections. We first assessed the efficacy of aBL against five strains of V. vulnificus in vitro. Next, we identified and quantified intracellular porphyrins in V. vulnificus to provide mechanistic insights. Additionally, we measured intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and bacterial membrane permeabilization following aBL exposures. Lastly, we conducted a preclinical study to investigate the efficacy and safety of aBL for the prevention and treatment of burn infections caused by V. vulnificus in mice. We found that aBL effectively killed V. vulnificus in vitro in both planktonic and biofilm states, with up to a 5.17- and 4.57-log10 CFU reduction being achieved, respectively, following an aBL exposure of 216 J/cm2. Protoporphyrin IX and coproporphyrins were predominant in all the strains. Additionally, intracellular ROS was significantly increased following aBL exposures (P < 0.01), and there was evidence of aBL-induced permeabilization of the bacterial membrane (P < 0.0001). In the preclinical studies, we found that female mice treated with aBL 30 min after bacterial inoculation showed a survival rate of 81% following 7 days of observation, while only 28% survival was observed in untreated female mice (P < 0.001). At 6 h post-inoculation, an 86% survival was achieved in aBL-treated female mice (P = 0.0002). For male mice, 86 and 63% survival rates were achieved when aBL treatment was given 30 min and 6 h after bacterial inoculation, respectively, compared to 32% survival in the untreated mice (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.04). aBL did not reduce cellular proliferation or induce apoptosis. We found five cytokines were significantly upregulated in the males after aBL treatment, including MCSF (P < 0.001), MCP-5 (P < 0.01), TNF RII (P < 0.01), CXCL1 (P < 0.01), and TIMP-1 (P < 0.05), and one in the females (TIMP-1; P < 0.05), suggesting that aBL may induce certain inflammatory processes. In conclusion, aBL may potentially be applied to prevent and treat V. vulnificus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina dos Anjos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Leon G. Leanse
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hugo V. Miranda
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - R. Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Tianhong Dai
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