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Romeiro-Brito M, Taylor NP, Zappi DC, Telhe MC, Franco FF, Moraes EM. Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:989-1006. [PMID: 37815357 PMCID: PMC10808018 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cactaceae are succulent plants, quasi-endemic to the American continent, and one of the most endangered plant groups in the world. Molecular phylogenies have been key to unravelling phylogenetic relationships among major cactus groups, previously hampered by high levels of morphological convergence. Phylogenetic studies using plastid markers have not provided adequate resolution for determining generic relationships within cactus groups. This is the case for the tribe Cereeae s.l., a highly diverse group from tropical America. Here we aimed to reconstruct a well-resolved phylogenetic tree of tribe Cereeae and update the circumscription of suprageneric and generic groups in this tribe. METHODS We integrated sequence data from public gene and genomic databases with new target sequences (generated using the customized Cactaceae591 probe set) across representatives of this tribe, with a denser taxon sampling of the subtribe Cereinae. We inferred concatenated and coalescent phylogenetic trees and compared the performance of both approaches. KEY RESULTS Six well-supported suprageneric clades were identified using different datasets. However, only genomic datasets, especially the Cactaceae591, were able to resolve the contentious relationships within the subtribe Cereinae. CONCLUSIONS We propose a new taxonomic classification within Cereeae based on well-resolved clades, including new subtribes (Aylosterinae subtr. nov., Uebelmanniinae subtr. nov. and Gymnocalyciinae subtr. nov.) and revised subtribes (Trichocereinae, Rebutiinae and Cereinae). We emphasize the importance of using genomic datasets allied with coalescent inference to investigate evolutionary patterns within the tribe Cereeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Romeiro-Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nigel P Taylor
- University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Botanic Gardens Campus, Gibraltar
| | - Daniela C Zappi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Milena C Telhe
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando F Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro M Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Acosta E, Fincke V, Nitsche F, Arndt H. Novel cercozoan and heterolobosean protists from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of two endemic cacti from the Atacama Desert. Eur J Protistol 2023; 91:126034. [PMID: 38006640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2023.126034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Cercozoans and heterolobose amoebae are found across terrestrial habitats where they feed on other unicellular microbes, including bacteria, fungi and microalgae. They constitute a significant fraction of soil ecosystems and are integral members of plant microbiota. Here, we present the results on the isolation of protozoans from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of Browningia candelaris (Meyen) in the Andean Altiplano and Eulychnia taltalensis (F. Ritter) from the Coastal Cordillera of the Atacama Desert, both endemic to this ancient desert. We identified a new heterolobose amoeba species of the genus Allovahlkampfia isolated from cactus soil, three new species of the different glissomonad genera Allapsa, Neoheteromita, Neocercomonas and one new thecofilosean amoeba of the genus Rhogostoma isolated from the phyllosphere of one studied cactus. In addition, one bacterivorous flagellate was isolated from cactus spines and identified as a member of the non-scaled imbricatean family Spongomonadidae (Spongomonas). The isolation of protists from cactus spines extends the knowledge on the habitat ranges of taxa typically found on plant leaves or soils. The molecular data presented here is a prerequisite for further investigations on the ecology and diversity of protists including next-generation sequencing of microhabitats in plants and the rhizosphere, allowing for deeper taxonomic classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Acosta
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, General Ecology, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Victoria Fincke
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, General Ecology, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Nitsche
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, General Ecology, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hartmut Arndt
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, General Ecology, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
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3
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Leverett A, Hartzell S, Winter K, Garcia M, Aranda J, Virgo A, Smith A, Focht P, Rasmussen-Arda A, Willats WGT, Cowan-Turner D, Borland AM. Dissecting succulence: Crassulacean acid metabolism and hydraulic capacitance are independent adaptations in Clusia leaves. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1472-1488. [PMID: 36624682 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Succulence is found across the world as an adaptation to water-limited niches. The fleshy organs of succulent plants develop via enlarged photosynthetic chlorenchyma and/or achlorophyllous water storage hydrenchyma cells. The precise mechanism by which anatomical traits contribute to drought tolerance is unclear, as the effect of succulence is multifaceted. Large cells are believed to provide space for nocturnal storage of malic acid fixed by crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), whilst also buffering water potentials by elevating hydraulic capacitance (CFT ). The effect of CAM and elevated CFT on growth and water conservation have not been compared, despite the assumption that these adaptations often occur together. We assessed the relationship between succulent anatomical adaptations, CAM, and CFT , across the genus Clusia. We also simulated the effects of CAM and CFT on growth and water conservation during drought using the Photo3 model. Within Clusia leaves, CAM and CFT are independent traits: CAM requires large palisade chlorenchyma cells, whereas hydrenchyma tissue governs interspecific differences in CFT . In addition, our model suggests that CAM supersedes CFT as a means to maximise CO2 assimilation and minimise transpiration during drought. Our study challenges the assumption that CAM and CFT are mutually dependent traits within succulent leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Leverett
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Samantha Hartzell
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Klaus Winter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Milton Garcia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Jorge Aranda
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Aurelio Virgo
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Abigail Smith
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paulina Focht
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adam Rasmussen-Arda
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - William G T Willats
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Cowan-Turner
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anne M Borland
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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4
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Romeiro-Brito M, Khan G, Perez MF, Zappi DC, Taylor NP, Olsthoorn G, Franco FF, Moraes EM. Revisiting phylogeny, systematics, and biogeography of a Pleistocene radiation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:1-17. [PMID: 36708517 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Pilosocereus (Cactaceae) is an important dry forest element in all subregions and transitional zones of the neotropics, with the highest diversity in eastern Brazil. The genus is subdivided into informal taxonomic groups; however, most of these are not supported by recent molecular phylogenetic inferences. This lack of confidence is probably due to the use of an insufficient number of loci and the complexity of cactus diversification. Here, we explored the species relationships in Pilosocereus in more detail, integrating multilocus phylogenetic approaches with the assessment of the ancestral range and the effect of geography on diversification shifts. METHODS We used 28 nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial loci from 54 plant samples of 31 Pilosocereus species for phylogenetic analyses. We used concatenated and coalescent phylogenetic trees and Bayesian models to estimate the most likely ancestral range and diversification shifts. RESULTS All Pilosocereus species were clustered in the same branch, except P. bohlei. The phylogenetic relationships were more associated with the geographic distribution than taxonomic affinities among taxa. The genus began diversifying during the Plio-Pleistocene transition in the Caatinga domain and experienced an increased diversification rate during the Calabrian age. CONCLUSIONS We recovered a well-supported multispecies coalescent phylogeny. Our results refine the pattern of rapid diversification of Pilosocereus species across neotropical drylands during the Pleistocene and highlight the need for taxonomic rearrangements in the genus. We recovered a pulse of diversification during the Pleistocene that was likely driven by multiple dispersal and vicariance events within and among the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Romeiro-Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Gulzar Khan
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky-University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Manolo F Perez
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Zappi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), PO Box 04457, Brasília, DF, 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Nigel P Taylor
- University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Botanic Gardens Campus, The Alameda, PO Box 843, GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | | | - Fernando F Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Evandro M Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
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A Critical Assessment of the Congruency between Environmental DNA and Palaeoecology for the Biodiversity Monitoring and Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159445. [PMID: 35954801 PMCID: PMC9368151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study suggests that standardized methodology, careful site selection, and stratigraphy are essential for investigating ancient ecosystems in order to evaluate biodiversity and DNA-based time series. Based on specific keywords, this investigation reviewed 146 publications using the SCOPUS, Web of Science (WoS), PUBMED, and Google Scholar databases. Results indicate that environmental deoxyribose nucleic acid (eDNA) can be pivotal for assessing and conserving ecosystems. Our review revealed that in the last 12 years (January 2008–July 2021), 63% of the studies based on eDNA have been reported from aquatic ecosystems, 25% from marine habitats, and 12% from terrestrial environments. Out of studies conducted in aquatic systems using the environmental DNA (eDNA) technique, 63% of the investigations have been reported from freshwater ecosystems, with an utmost focus on fish diversity (40%). Further analysis of the literature reveals that during the same period, 24% of the investigations using the environmental DNA technique were carried out on invertebrates, 8% on mammals, 7% on plants, 6% on reptiles, and 5% on birds. The results obtained clearly indicate that the environmental DNA technique has a clear-cut edge over other biodiversity monitoring methods. Furthermore, we also found that eDNA, in conjunction with different dating techniques, can provide better insight into deciphering eco-evolutionary feedback. Therefore, an attempt has been made to offer extensive information on the application of dating methods for different taxa present in diverse ecosystems. Last, we provide suggestions and elucidations on how to overcome the caveats and delineate some of the research avenues that will likely shape this field in the near future. This paper aims to identify the gaps in environmental DNA (eDNA) investigations to help researchers, ecologists, and decision-makers to develop a holistic understanding of environmental DNA (eDNA) and its utility as a palaeoenvironmental contrivance.
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6
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Böhnert T, Luebert F, Merklinger FF, Harpke D, Stoll A, Schneider JV, Blattner FR, Quandt D, Weigend M. Plant migration under long-lasting hyperaridity - phylogenomics unravels recent biogeographic history in one of the oldest deserts on Earth. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1863-1875. [PMID: 35274308 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The post-Miocene climatic histories of arid environments have been identified as key drivers of dispersal and diversification. Here, we investigate how climatic history correlates with the historical biogeography of the Atacama Desert genus Cristaria (Malvaceae). We analyze phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography by using next-generation sequencing (NGS), molecular clock dating, Dispersal Extinction Cladogenesis and Bayesian sampling approaches. We employ a novel way to identify biogeographically meaningful regions as well as a rarely utilized program permitting the use of dozens of ancestral areas. Partial incongruence between the established taxonomy and our phylogenetic data argue for a complex historical biogeography with repeated introgression and incomplete lineage sorting. Cristaria originated in the central southern part of the Atacama Desert, from there the genus colonized other areas from the late Miocene onwards. The more recently diverged lineages appear to have colonized different habitats in the Atacama Desert during pluvial phases of the Pliocene and early Pleistocene. We show that NGS combined with near-comprehensive sampling can provide an unprecedented degree of phylogenetic resolution and help to correlate the historical biogeography of plant communities with cycles of arid and pluvial phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Böhnert
- Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Federico Luebert
- Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas and Departamento de Silvicultura y Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, 8820000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felix F Merklinger
- Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Sukkulenten-Sammlung Zürich/Grün Stadt Zürich, 8002, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dörte Harpke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stoll
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas Ceaza, 1720256, La Serena, Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad de la Serena, 1720170, La Serena, Chile
| | - Julio V Schneider
- Botany and Molecular Evolution and Entomology III, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, 60325, Germany
| | - Frank R Blattner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Dietmar Quandt
- Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Maximilian Weigend
- Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Ruhm J, Böhnert T, Mutke J, Luebert F, Montesinos-Tubée DB, Weigend M. Two Sides of the Same Desert: Floristic Connectivity and Isolation Along the Hyperarid Coast and Precordillera in Peru and Chile. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.862846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we aim at refining our understanding of the floristic connectivity of the loma- and precordillera floras of southern Peru and northern Chile and the parameters determining vegetation cover in this region. We used multivariate analyses to test for floristic- and environmental similarity across 53 precordillera and loma locations in Peru and Chile. We propose the use of predictive modeling in estimating the extent of desert vegetation as a complementary method to remote sensing. We created habitat suitability models for the vegetation on the coast and in the precordillera based on a combination of latent bioclimatic variables and additional environmental predictors using Maxent. We found Peruvian and Chilean lomas to be strongly floristically differentiated, as are the Chilean precordillera and lomas. Conversely, there is clear connectivity between both the Peruvian loma- and precordillera floras on the one hand and the Peruvian and Chilean precordillera floras on the other. Divergent environmental conditions were retrieved as separating the precordillera and lomas, while environmental conditions are not differentiated between Peruvian and Chilean lomas. Peruvian and Chilean precordilleras show a gradual change in environmental conditions. Habitat suitability models of vegetation cover retrieve a gap for the loma vegetation along the coast between Peru and Chile, while a continuous belt of suitable habitats is retrieved along the Andean precordillera. Unsuitable habitat for loma vegetation north and south of the Chilean and Peruvian border likely represents an ecogeographic barrier responsible for the floristic divergence of Chilean and Peruvian lomas. Conversely, environmental parameters change continuously along the precordilleras, explaining the moderate differentiation of the corresponding floras. Our results underscore the idea of the desert core acting as an ecogeographic barrier separating the coast from the precordillera in Chile, while it has a more limited isolating function in Peru. We also find extensive potentially suitable habitats for both loma- and precordillera vegetation so far undetected by methods of remote sensing.
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A target Capture Probe Set Useful for Deep- and Shallow-Level Phylogenetic Studies in Cactaceae. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040707. [PMID: 35456513 PMCID: PMC9032687 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular phylogenies of Cactaceae have enabled us to better understand their systematics, biogeography, and diversification ages. However, most of the phylogenetic relationships within Cactaceae major groups remain unclear, largely due to the lack of an appropriate set of molecular markers to resolve its contentious relationships. Here, we explored the genome and transcriptome assemblies available for Cactaceae and identified putative orthologous regions shared among lineages of the subfamily Cactoideae. Then we developed a probe set, named Cactaceae591, targeting both coding and noncoding nuclear regions for representatives from the subfamilies Pereskioideae, Opuntioideae, and Cactoideae. We also sampled inter- and intraspecific variation to evaluate the potential of this panel to be used in phylogeographic studies. We retrieved on average of 547 orthologous regions per sample. Targeting noncoding nuclear regions showed to be crucial to resolving inter- and intraspecific relationships. Cactaceae591 covers 13 orthologous genes shared with the Angiosperms353 kit and two plastid regions largely used in Cactaceae studies, enabling the phylogenies generated by our panel to be integrated with angiosperm and Cactaceae phylogenies, using these sequences. We highlighted the importance of using coalescent-based species tree approaches on the Cactaceae591 dataset to infer accurate phylogenetic trees in the presence of extensive incomplete lineage sorting in this family.
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9
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Evolutionary Genetics of Cacti: Research Biases, Advances and Prospects. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030452. [PMID: 35328006 PMCID: PMC8952820 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a review of the studies of evolutionary genetics (phylogenetics, population genetics, and phylogeography) using genetic data as well as genome scale assemblies in Cactaceae (Caryophyllales, Angiosperms), a major lineage of succulent plants with astonishing diversity on the American continent. To this end, we performed a literature survey (1992–2021) to obtain detailed information regarding key aspects of studies investigating cactus evolution. Specifically, we summarize the advances in the following aspects: molecular markers, species delimitation, phylogenetics, hybridization, biogeography, and genome assemblies. In brief, we observed substantial growth in the studies conducted with molecular markers in the past two decades. However, we found biases in taxonomic/geographic sampling and the use of traditional markers and statistical approaches. We discuss some methodological and social challenges for engaging the cactus community in genomic research. We also stressed the importance of integrative approaches, coalescent methods, and international collaboration to advance the understanding of cactus evolution.
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Villalobos-Barrantes HM, Meriño BM, Walter HE, Guerrero PC. Independent Evolutionary Lineages in a Globular Cactus Species Complex Reveals Hidden Diversity in a Central Chile Biodiversity Hotspot. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020240. [PMID: 35205285 PMCID: PMC8872226 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the processes involved in the origin of a substantial fraction of biodiversity can be a particularly difficult task in groups of similar, and often convergent, morphologies. The genus Eriosyce (Cactaceae) might present a greater specific diversity since much of its species richness might be hidden in morphological species complexes. The aim of this study was to investigate species delimitation using the molecular data of the globose cacti “E. curvispina”, which harbor several populations of unclear evolutionary relationships. We ran phylogenetic inferences on 87 taxa of Eriosyce, including nine E. curvispina populations, and by analyzing three plastid noncoding introns, one plastid and one nuclear gene. Additionally, we developed 12 new pairs of nuclear microsatellites to evaluate the population-level genetic structure. We identified four groups that originated in independent cladogenetic events occurring at different temporal depths; these groups presented high genetic diversity, and their populations were genetically structured. These results suggest a complex evolutionary history in the origin of globular cacti, with independent speciation events occurring at different time spans. This cryptic richness is underestimated in the Mediterranean flora of central Chile, and thus unique evolutionary diversity could be overlooked in conservation and management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy M. Villalobos-Barrantes
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (H.M.V.-B.); (B.M.M.)
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Beatriz M. Meriño
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (H.M.V.-B.); (B.M.M.)
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Helmut E. Walter
- The EXSIS Project: Cactaceae Ex-Situ & In-Situ Conservation, 31860 Emmerthal, Germany;
| | - Pablo C. Guerrero
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (H.M.V.-B.); (B.M.M.)
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Correspondence:
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11
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Foley T, Swann DE, Sotelo G, Perkins N, Winkler DE. Asynchronous flowering patterns in saguaro cacti (
Carnegiea gigantea
). Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Foley
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Inc. (SERI) P.O. Box 65782 Tucson Arizona 85728 USA
| | - Don E. Swann
- Saguaro National Park 3693 South Old Spanish Trail Tucson Arizona 85748 USA
| | - Guadalupe Sotelo
- Saguaro National Park 3693 South Old Spanish Trail Tucson Arizona 85748 USA
| | - Nicholas Perkins
- Saguaro National Park 3693 South Old Spanish Trail Tucson Arizona 85748 USA
| | - Daniel E. Winkler
- U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Tucson Arizona 85719 USA
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12
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Heyduk K, Grace OM, McKain MR. Life Without Water. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:181-183. [PMID: 33620730 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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