1
|
Azcorra H, Castillo-Burguete MT, Lara-Riegos J, Salazar-Rendón JC, Mendez-Dominguez N. Secular trends in the anthropometric characteristics of children in a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e23995. [PMID: 37740441 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze changes in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI = kg/m2 ) from 1986 to 2022 in 3-11 year old children from Dzeal, a rural Maya community in Yucatan, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS From October-2022 to February-2023 (third-wave survey), we obtained anthropometric measurements of children (n = 80) and family socioeconomic data and compared them with data obtained in 1986 (n = 38) and 2000 (n = 76). Comparisons of anthropometric parameters by sex between years of measurement were performed graphically and through one-way ANOVA, splitting children into two age groups: 3-7 and 8-11. Bonferroni adjustments for multiple comparisons were used when ANOVAs were statistically significant (p < .05). RESULTS In girls, significant increases in height and weight between surveys were found in 3-7 and 8-11 age groups; in boys, significant increases were only found in the 8-11 age group. Regarding BMI, there were increases in 2022 compared with 1986/2000 in both sexes from 8 years onwards. Differences indicate increases of 3.9 and 4.4 cm per decade in girls aged 3-7 and 8-11, respectively, and increases in weight of 1.1 and 3.3 kg per decade, respectively. Increases in boys 8-11 years were 2.3 cm and 2.4 kg per decade. CONCLUSION Significant increases in growth parameters were observed in specific-age children in the community studied in the context of changes in livelihoods and improvements in household material conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Azcorra
- Centro de Investigaciones Silvio Zavala, Universidad Modelo, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Julio Lara-Riegos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Nina Mendez-Dominguez
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singleton CMH, Brar S, Robertson N, DiTommaso L, Fuchs GJ, Schadler A, Radulescu A, Attia SL. Cardiometabolic risk factors in South American children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293865. [PMID: 37992076 PMCID: PMC10664905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic risk factors (impaired fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia) cluster in children, may predict adult disease burden, and are inadequately characterized in South American children. OBJECTIVES To quantify the burden of cardiometabolic risk factors in South American children (0-21 years) and identify knowledge gaps. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature via Virtual Health Library from 2000-2021 in any language. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted all data. RESULTS 179 studies of 2,181 screened were included representing 10 countries (n = 2,975,261). 12.2% of South American children experienced obesity, 21.9% elevated waist circumference, 3.0% elevated fasting glucose, 18.1% high triglycerides, 29.6% low HDL cholesterol, and 8.6% high blood pressure. Cardiometabolic risk factor definitions varied widely. Chile exhibited the highest prevalence of obesity/overweight, low HDL, and impaired fasting glucose. Ecuador exhibited the highest prevalence of elevated blood pressure. Rural setting (vs. urban or mixed) and indigenous origin protected against most cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS South American children experience high rates of obesity, overweight, and dyslipidemia. International consensus on cardiometabolic risk factor definitions for children will lead to improved diagnosis of cardiometabolic risk factors in this population, and future research should ensure inclusion of unreported countries and increased representation of indigenous populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumeer Brar
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Nicole Robertson
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Lauren DiTommaso
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - George J. Fuchs
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Kentucky, United States of America
- University of Kentucky College of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Aric Schadler
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Aurelia Radulescu
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Suzanna L. Attia
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Kentucky, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sanchez-Samaniego G, Tallman PS, Valdes-Velasquez A. Metabolic syndrome risk unexpectedly predicted by traditional food consumption: shifting food systems and health among the Awajún of the Peruvian Amazon. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 48:110-118. [PMID: 33779426 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1908424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary changes, especially declines in traditional food diversity and increases in the consumption of processed foods, have previously been shown to increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. AIM We evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in four Awajún communities in the Peruvian Amazon. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 222 participants answered a socioeconomic questionnaire, a 24-h food recall, and completed a physical examination for metabolic syndrome diagnosis. A Poisson regression with robust variance was used in the statistical analysis of risk factors for metabolic syndrome. RESULTS We found an overall prevalence of 24% for metabolic syndrome. Being female, increased age and body mass index were significant risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Surprisingly, risk more than doubled with the ratio of traditional foods. However, this study revealed that there are fewer traditional foods being consumed in this study compared to prior studies among the Awajún. CONCLUSION We suggest that the unexpected relationship between traditional food consumption and metabolic syndrome may be due to substantial reductions in the diversity of traditional foods. Currently available traditional foods are primarily high in carbohydrates and are supplemented with cheap, non-perishable, and carbohydrate heavy market food items.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Sanchez-Samaniego
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,School of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paula S Tallman
- The Field Museum of Natural History, Keller Science Action Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Armando Valdes-Velasquez
- Laboratory for EcoHealth & Urban Ecology, School of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Clima - Latin American Centre for Climate Change and Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tallman PS, Valdes-Velasquez A, Sanchez-Samaniego G. The "Double Burden of Malnutrition" in the Amazon: dietary change and drastic increases in obesity and anemia over 40 years among the Awajún. Ecol Food Nutr 2021; 61:20-42. [PMID: 33900136 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2021.1916925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Undernutrition and overnutrition are interconnected. Yet few studies have examined the "double burden of malnutrition" (DBM) over time in indigenous communities. We investigated changes in the food systems and nutritional health of Awajún communities in the Peruvian Amazon in the 1970s and in 2013. Methods included ethnography, 24 hr food recalls, and biological measures. In 2013, the number of traditional foods consumed decreased to 10% of levels in the 1970s and the number of market foods consumed increased 40-fold. Rates of anemia and obesity were also substantially higher in 2013 compared to the 1970s (23% vs 6% for anemia and 30% vs. 0% for obesity) indicating a DBM has emerged. Examining the predictors of hemoglobin levels and body mass indices in the 2013 sample reveals that this DBM is differentially impacting women and that risk for obesity among the Awajún is associated with multiple proxies of market integration beyond just the consumption of market foods. These findings highlight the complex pathways by which rapid lifestyle changes are creating gendered health inequalities within indigenous communities over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Tallman
- Department of Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,The Field Museum of Natural History, Keller Science Action Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Armando Valdes-Velasquez
- Laboratory of EcoHealth & Urban Ecology, School of Sciences and Philosophy,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Giuliana Sanchez-Samaniego
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Verger EO, Le Port A, Borderon A, Bourbon G, Moursi M, Savy M, Mariotti F, Martin-Prevel Y. Dietary Diversity Indicators and Their Associations with Dietary Adequacy and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1659-1672. [PMID: 33684194 PMCID: PMC8483968 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary diversity has long been recognized as a key component of diet quality and many dietary diversity indicators (DDIs) have been developed. This systematic scoping review aimed to present a comprehensive inventory of DDIs and summarize evidence linking DDIs and dietary adequacy or health outcomes in adolescents and adults. Two search strategies were developed to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English up until June 2018 and were applied to Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus. A 2-stage screening process was used to select the studies to be reviewed. Four types of DDIs were identified among 161 articles, the majority of them belonging to the food group-based indicator type (n = 106 articles). Fifty studies indicated that DDIs were proxies of nutrient adequacy, but there was a lack of evidence about their relation with nutrients to limit. Associations between DDIs and health outcomes were largely inconsistent among 137 studies, especially when the outcomes studied were body weight (n = 60) and noncommunicable diseases (n = 41). We conclude that the ability of DDIs to reflect diet quality was found to be principally limited to micronutrient adequacy and that DDIs do not readily relate to health outcomes. These findings have implications for studies in low- and lower-middle-income economies where DDIs are often used to assess dietary patterns and overall diet quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes Le Port
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Augustin Borderon
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Mathilde Savy
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Yves Martin-Prevel
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bethancourt HJ, Leonard WR, Tanner S, Schultz AF, Rosinger AY. Longitudinal Changes in Measures of Body Fat and Diet Among Adult Tsimane' Forager-Horticulturalists of Bolivia, 2002-2010. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1347-1359. [PMID: 31219239 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined changes in body fat and diet among Tsimane' forager-horticulturalists and assessed how dietary shifts relate to increases in adiposity between 2002 and 2010. METHODS Longitudinal anthropometric and household-level dietary recall data from 365 men and 339 women aged ≥20 years in the Tsimane' Amazonian Panel Study were used. Multilevel mixed-effects models estimated how BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, skinfolds, and fat-free mass relate to household consumption of crops, hunted or fished foods, domesticated animal products, cooking oil, and refined grains and sugar. RESULTS Women's prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 22.6% and 2.4% in 2002 to 28.8% and 8.9% in 2010, respectively, and BMI increased by 0.60% ± 0.12% per year (P < 0.001). Increases in fat-free mass accounted for some of this observed weight gain among women. Men's prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 16.2% and 0.7% to 25.0% and 2.2%, respectively, and BMI increased by 0.22% ± 0.09% per year (P = 0.009). Household use of cooking oil increased and was positively associated with female BMI. Consumption of domesticated animal products did not change significantly but was positively associated with female BMI and male waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS Even small increases in energy-dense market-based foods can contribute to adiposity gains among a moderately active, subsistence-based population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Bethancourt
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William R Leonard
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Susan Tanner
- Department of Anthropology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Alan F Schultz
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Asher Y Rosinger
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arrifano GPF, Alvarez-Leite JI, Souza-Monteiro JR, Augusto-Oliveira M, Paraense R, Macchi BM, Pinto A, Oriá RB, do Nascimento JLM, Crespo-Lopez ME. In the Heart of the Amazon: Noncommunicable Diseases and Apolipoprotein E4 Genotype in the Riverine Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1957. [PMID: 30205523 PMCID: PMC6165059 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Amazon River basin is the largest tropical forest in the world. Most of the Amazon belongs to Brazil, a developing country that currently faces huge challenges related to the consolidation of its universal healthcare system. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in Brazil, accounting for 74% of all deaths, and NCDs are probably underestimated in Amazonian population because of their geographical isolation and the precariousness of riverine communities. Important risk factors, such as genetic susceptibility, remain undetermined in the riverine population. This study performed fasting blood sugar (FBS) and blood pressure measurements and investigated the presence of the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4) to determine the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and the genetic risk of NCDs. FBS and APOE4 were measured in blood samples from 763 participants using spectrometry and real-time PCR; 67.5% showed altered measurements, and 57.9% had never been diagnosed or treated. Altered FBS was found in 28.3% of the participants, hypertension in 57.6% and APOE4 in 32.0%. The health profile of the riverine population appears to differ from that of urban population in the Amazon. Additional risk factors for NCDs, such as environmental contamination and nutritional transition, may contribute more than increased genetic susceptibility to the prevalence of altered FBS and hypertension. Our results will help guide the development of preventive strategies and governmental actions for more effective management of NCDs in the Amazon area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela P F Arrifano
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Jacqueline I Alvarez-Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-90, Brazil.
| | - José Rogério Souza-Monteiro
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção (Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66063-023, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Paraense
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Barbarella M Macchi
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - André Pinto
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Laboratório da Biologia da Cicatrização, Ontogenia e Nutrição de Tecidos, Departamento de Morfologia e Instituto de Biomedicina, Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil.
| | - José Luiz Martins do Nascimento
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Alfonso-Durruty MP, Valeggia CR. Growth patterns among indigenous Qom children of the Argentine Gran Chaco. Am J Hum Biol 2016; 28:895-904. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta P. Alfonso-Durruty
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology & Social-Work; Kansas State University; 008 Waters Hall Manhattan Kansas
| | - Claudia R. Valeggia
- Department of Anthropology; Yale University; 10 Sachem St. New Haven Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dufour DL, Piperata BA, Murrieta RSS, Wilson WM, Williams DD. Amazonian foods and implications for human biology. Ann Hum Biol 2016; 43:330-48. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1196245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darna L. Dufour
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Warren M. Wilson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Drake D. Williams
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Urlacher SS, Liebert MA, Josh Snodgrass J, Blackwell AD, Cepon-Robins TJ, Gildner TE, Madimenos FC, Amir D, Bribiescas RG, Sugiyama LS. Heterogeneous effects of market integration on sub-adult body size and nutritional status among the Shuar of Amazonian Ecuador. Ann Hum Biol 2016; 43:316-29. [PMID: 27230632 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1192219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Market integration (MI)-increasing production for and consumption from a market-based economy-is drastically altering traditional ways of life and environmental conditions among indigenous Amazonian peoples. The effects of MI on the biology and health of Amazonian children and adolescents, however, remain unclear. AIM This study examines the impact of MI on sub-adult body size and nutritional status at the population, regional and household levels among the Shuar of Amazonian Ecuador. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Anthropometric data were collected between 2005-2014 from 2164 Shuar (aged 2-19 years) living in two geographic regions differing in general degree of MI. High-resolution household economic, lifestyle and dietary data were collected from a sub-sample of 631 participants. Analyses were performed to investigate relationships between body size and year of data collection, region and specific aspects of household MI. RESULTS Results from temporal and regional analyses suggest that MI has a significant and overall positive impact on Shuar body size and nutritional status. However, household-level results exhibit nuanced and heterogeneous specific effects of MI underlying these overarching relationships. CONCLUSION This study provides novel insight into the complex socio-ecological pathways linking MI, physical growth and health among the Shuar and other indigenous Amazonian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Urlacher
- a Department of Human Evolutionary Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Melissa A Liebert
- b Department of Anthropology , University of Oregon , Eugene , OR , USA
| | - J Josh Snodgrass
- b Department of Anthropology , University of Oregon , Eugene , OR , USA
| | - Aaron D Blackwell
- c Department of Anthropology , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA ;,d Broom Center for Demography, University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA ;,e Center for Evolutionary Psychology, University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA
| | - Tara J Cepon-Robins
- f Department of Anthropology , University of Colorado , Colorado Springs , CO , USA
| | - Theresa E Gildner
- b Department of Anthropology , University of Oregon , Eugene , OR , USA
| | | | - Dorsa Amir
- h Department of Anthropology , Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA
| | | | - Lawrence S Sugiyama
- b Department of Anthropology , University of Oregon , Eugene , OR , USA ;,e Center for Evolutionary Psychology, University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA ;,i Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon , Eugene , OR , USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Salehi-Abargouei A, Akbari F, Bellissimo N, Azadbakht L. Dietary diversity score and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Urlacher SS, Blackwell AD, Liebert MA, Madimenos FC, Cepon-Robins TJ, Gildner TE, Snodgrass JJ, Sugiyama LS. Physical growth of the shuar: Height, Weight, and BMI references for an indigenous amazonian population. Am J Hum Biol 2015; 28:16-30. [PMID: 26126793 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Information concerning physical growth among small-scale populations remains limited, yet such data are critical to local health efforts and to foster basic understandings of human life history and variation in childhood development. Using a large dataset and robust modeling methods, this study aims to describe growth from birth to adulthood among the indigenous Shuar of Amazonian Ecuador. METHODS Mixed-longitudinal measures of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were collected from Shuar participants (n = 2,463; age: 0-29 years). Centile growth curves and tables were created for each anthropometric variable of interest using Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS). Pseudo-velocity and Lambda-Mu-Sigma curves were generated to further investigate Shuar patterns of growth and to facilitate comparison with United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention and multinational World Health Organization growth references. RESULTS The Shuar are small throughout life and exhibit complex patterns of growth that differ substantially from those of international references. Similar to other Amazonians, Shuar growth in weight compares more favorably to references than growth in height, resulting in BMI curves that approximate international medians. Several additional characteristics of Shuar development are noteworthy, including large observed variation in body size early in life, significant infant growth faltering, extended male growth into adulthood, and a markedly early female pubertal growth spurt in height. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic selection in response to local environmental factors may explain many of these patterns. CONCLUSIONS Providing a detailed reference of growth for the Shuar and other Amazonian populations, this study possesses direct clinical application and affords valuable insight into childhood health and the ecology of human growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Urlacher
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
| | - Aaron D Blackwell
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106.,Broom Center for Demography, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106.,Center for Evolutionary Psychology, , University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106
| | - Melissa A Liebert
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403.,Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | | | - Tara J Cepon-Robins
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403.,Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403.,Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - J Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403.,Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - Lawrence S Sugiyama
- Broom Center for Demography, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106.,Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403.,Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ochola S, Masibo PK. Dietary intake of schoolchildren and adolescents in developing countries. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2014; 64 Suppl 2:24-40. [PMID: 25341871 DOI: 10.1159/000365125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
School age and adolescence is a dynamic period of growth and development forming a strong foundation for good health and productive adult life. Appropriate dietary intake is critical for forming good eating habits and provides the much needed nutrients for growth, long-term health, cognition and educational achievements. A large proportion of the population globally is in the school age or adolescence, with more than three quarters of these groups living in developing countries. An up-to-date review and discussion of the dietary intake of schoolchildren and adolescents in developing countries is suitable to provide recent data on patterns of dietary intake, adequacy of nutrient intake and their implications for public health and nutrition issues of concern. This review is based on literature published from 2000 to 2014 on dietary intake of schoolchildren and adolescents aged 6-19 years. A total of 50 studies from 42 countries reporting on dietary intake of schoolchildren and adolescents were included. The dietary intake of schoolchildren and adolescents in developing countries is limited in diversity, mainly comprising plant-based food sources, but with limited intake of fruits and vegetables. There is a low energy intake and insufficient micronutrient intake. At the same time, the available data indicate an emerging trend of consumption of high-energy snacks and beverages, particularly in urban areas. The existence of a negative and positive energy balance in the same population points to the dual burden of malnutrition and highlights the emerging nutrition transition in developing countries. This observation is important for planning public health nutrition approaches that address the concerns of the two ends of the nutrition divide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Ochola
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fujita M, Brindle E, Lo YJ, Castro P, Cameroamortegui F. Nutrient intakes associated with elevated serum C-reactive protein concentrations in normal to underweight breastfeeding women in Northern Kenya. Am J Hum Biol 2014; 26:796-802. [PMID: 25130535 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low-grade elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific inflammatory marker, used as a predictor for cardiovascular disease development and chronic inflammatory risks. Research investigating dietary influences on inflammation has focused primarily on the relationship between dietary characteristics, CRP elevation and BMI in the populations at greatest risk for cardiovascular disease, namely those in the overweight and obese ranges, often in clinical settings and/or among those middle aged or older, leaving little information about normal to underweight populations of reproductive age in ecological settings. This study evaluates impacts of dietary nutrients on serum CRP levels in a population of predominantly underweight to normal weight adult women experiencing the additional nutritional demands of lactation. METHODS Data from non-overweight breastfeeding Ariaal women of Kenya collected in 2006 were used (n = 194). Logistic regression models were applied using low-grade CRP elevation (hsCRP > 3 mg/L) as the outcome variable and dietary nutrients, age, BMI, and serum retinol as predictors. RESULTS Models showed that energy intake (Kcal) and age were positive predictors of CRP elevation while folate intake, total vitamin A intake, and serum retinol concentration were protective against CRP elevation. Unlike previous studies among higher BMI populations, this study found no significant effect of dietary lipids/fatty acids or BMI on CRP elevation. CONCLUSIONS The effects of specific dietary nutrients on inflammatory status may vary with BMI or, in women, reproductive status. Further research should investigate the role of dietary fats, fatty acids, and antioxidant vitamins across populations with a wide range of BMI, including postpartum women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujita
- Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hidalgo G, Marini E, Sanchez W, Contreras M, Estrada I, Comandini O, Buffa R, Magris M, Dominguez-Bello MG. The nutrition transition in the Venezuelan Amazonia: increased overweight and obesity with transculturation. Am J Hum Biol 2014; 26:710-2. [PMID: 24889785 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amerindians have a particularly high propensity to overweight and obesity as they change lifestyle and experience a nutrition transition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transculturation on nutritional status in three Amazonian Amerindian villages. METHODS Nutritional status was assessed in 232 volunteers: 65 Yanomami from an isolated village and 167 Guahibo subjects from villages with intermediate and high levels of transculturation. RESULTS There was a significant pattern of decreasing stunting and increasing overweight and obesity across the gradient of transculturation. From the jungle Yanomami to the intermediate and transculturated Guahibo, stunting was respectively 72, 55, and 39%, and children /adult overweight was 0, 3/44, and 15/89%. These anthropometric-based patterns were confirmed by bioimpedance vector analysis. CONCLUSIONS Transculturation in these Amerindian populations is associated with an increase in overweight and obesity coexisting with undernourished children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Hidalgo
- Amazonic Center for Research and Control of Tropical Diseases (CAICET), Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas, Venezuela; Division of Biological Sciences, FUNDACREDESA, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tanner S, Leonard WR, Reyes-García V. The consequences of linear growth stunting: Influence on body composition among youth in the bolivian amazon. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 153:92-102. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Tanner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; Athens GA 30602
| | | | - Victoria Reyes-García
- ICREA and Institut de Ciència I Technologia Ambientals; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Precursors to overnutrition: The effects of household market food expenditures on measures of body composition among Tsimane' adults in lowland Bolivia. Soc Sci Med 2013; 92:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
19
|
Houck K, Sorensen MV, Lu F, Alban D, Alvarez K, Hidobro D, Doljanin C, Ona AI. The effects of market integration on childhood growth and nutritional status: the dual burden of under- and over-nutrition in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon. Am J Hum Biol 2013; 25:524-33. [PMID: 23657874 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Market integration is an important source of cultural change exposing indigenous populations to epidemiologic and nutrition transitions. As children and adolescents are biologically sensitive to the health effects of market integration, we examine community variation of anthropometric indicators of nutritional status and growth among a cross-cultural sample of Kichwa, Shuar, Huaorani, and Cofán indigenous groups in the northern Ecuadorian Amazon. METHODS We measured height, weight, body mass index (BMI), upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds of 186 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years from seven communities. Anthropometric z-scores were calculated based on the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Comparisons were made with this US reference group, along with between community differences to contextually explore the impacts of varying degrees of market integration. RESULTS We found a high prevalence of stunting in both boys (40%) and girls (34%). Adiposity increased with age and 40% of girls between 15 and 18 years old were overweight. There were large sex differences in body composition with higher BMI, arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds in adolescent girls. The Kichwa demonstrated the poorest growth outcomes and nutritional stress followed by the Huaorani and Shuar; yet distinctions in under- and over-nutrition were evident within groups. CONCLUSION Market integration is a major factor influencing the developmental and lifestyle mismatch associated with the epidemiologic and nutrition transition in general, and the dual burden pattern of high rates of stunting yet adequate to above average short-term nutritional status indicators found among indigenous Amazonian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Houck
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3115, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zeng W, Eisenberg DTA, Jovel KR, Undurraga EA, Nyberg C, Tanner S, Reyes-García V, Leonard WR, Castaño J, Huanca T, McDade TW, Godoy R. Adult obesity: panel study from native Amazonians. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2013; 11:227-235. [PMID: 22591954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines three morphological indicators measuring obesity among a native Amazonian population of foragers-farmers in Bolivia (Tsimane') and estimates the associations between them and standard covariates of obesity (e.g., socioeconomic status [SES]). We collected annual data from 350 non-pregnant women and 385 men ≥20 years of age from all 311 households in 13 villages during five consecutive years (2002-2006). We used three indicators to measure obesity: body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BF-BIA). We ran separate individual random-effect panel multiple regressions for women and men with wealth, acculturation, health, and household food availability as key covariates, and controlled for village and year fixed effects and village×year interaction effects. Although BMI increases by a statistically significant annual growth rate of 0.64% among women and 0.37% among men over the five years, the increase does not yield significant biological meanings. Neither do we find consistent and biologically meaningful covariates associated with adult obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zeng
- Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Piperata BA, Spence JE, Da-Gloria P, Hubbe M. The nutrition transition in amazonia: rapid economic change and its impact on growth and development in Ribeirinhos. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2012; 146:1-13. [PMID: 21541919 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this longitudinal study was to assess the impact of economic change and increased market integration on subsistence strategies, living conditions, growth, and nutritional status of Ribeirinhos living in the rural Amazon, Brazil. Data on weight, height, skinfolds, and circumferences, as well as data on economic strategies and living conditions were collected from 469 individuals in 2002 and 429 in 2009. Of these, 204 individuals were measured on both occasions. Independent and paired t-tests were used to identify changes in nutritional status over time in the larger sample and smaller, longitudinal subsample, respectively. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between changes in economic/living conditions and nutritional status in the longitudinal subsample. Results indicate modest improvements in linear growth (HAZ) and among male children the observed increase was related to enrollment in the Brazilian conditional cash transfer program, Bolsa Família (P = 0.03). In terms of short-term measures of nutritional status, we found a significant increase in ZTSF and a reduction in ZUMA in most age/sex groups. Among subadults, there was a negative relationship between ZUMA and access to electricity (P = 0.01) and positive relationship between ZUMA and the sale of the açaí fruit (P = 0.04). Significant changes in weight and BMI (P < 0.01) were found among adult females and both were negatively related to household cash income (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Despite significant changes in economic strategies and lifestyle, changes in nutritional status were modest which may be explained by increased food insecurity documented during this early stage of transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Piperata
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Piperata BA, Ivanova SA, Da-gloria P, Veiga G, Polsky A, Spence JE, Murrieta RSS. Nutrition in transition: dietary patterns of rural Amazonian women during a period of economic change. Am J Hum Biol 2011; 23:458-69. [PMID: 21538648 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.21147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to understand the relationship between economic change (wage labor, retirement, and the Bolsa Família program) and dietary patterns in the rural Amazon and to determine the extent to which these changes followed the pattern of the nutrition transition. METHODS The study was longitudinal. The weighed-inventory method and economic interviews were used to collect data on dietary intake and household economics in a sample of 30 and 52 women in 2002 and 2009, respectively. Twenty of the women participated in both years and make-up the longitudinal sub-sample. Comparative statistics were used to identify changes in dietary patterns over time and multiple linear regressions were used to explore the relationship between economics, subsistence strategies, and diet. RESULTS There was a significant decline in kcal (P < 0.01) and carbohydrate (P < 0.01) but no change in protein intake over time in both the larger and smaller, longitudinal subsample. The percent of energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat purchased increased in the larger and longitudinal samples (P ≤ 0.02) and there was an increase in refined carbohydrate and processed, fatty-meat consumption over time. The abandonment of manioc gardens was associated with increased dependence on purchased food (P = 0.03) while receipt of the Bolsa Família was associated with increased protein intake and adequacy (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The dietary changes observed are only in partial agreement with predictions of the nutrition transition literature. The relationship between the economic and diet changes was shaped by the local context which should be considered when implementing CCT programs, like the Bolsa Família.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Piperata
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates evidence of the nutrition transition among women in Miskito communities on the northeastern coast of Honduras. AIM The hypothesis that socioeconomic status (SES) is positively associated with body size and fatness is tested; and dietary and physical activity patterns are examined among SES groups. SUBJECTS AND METHODS An anthropometric survey was conducted with 200 non-pregnant women following standard procedures. Dietary intake and physical activity data were collected using 24-hour recall methods. Women were categorized into three SES groups (high, medium and low) based on economic and social attributes. Differences in anthropometric measures, diet and physical activity among SES groups were analysed. RESULTS More than 70% (n = 142) of women in the sample were overweight or obese. Mean height, weight, skin-fold thicknesses, arm and calf circumferences, percentage body fat and upper-arm fat area were significantly greater among high SES women than low SES women. Women with high SES had lower rates of physical activity and higher rates of obesity, perceived food sufficiency, meat consumption, milk/dairy intake and general dietary diversity. CONCLUSION High SES women were significantly fatter than low SES women; and variation observed among groups is likely related to different patterns of dietary intake and physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahna Arps
- Department of Anthropology, East Carolina University, 231 Flanagan, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Best C, Neufingerl N, van Geel L, van den Briel T, Osendarp S. The nutritional status of school-aged children: why should we care? Food Nutr Bull 2010; 31:400-17. [PMID: 20973461 DOI: 10.1177/156482651003100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutritional status of school-aged children impacts their health, cognition, and subsequently their educational achievement. The school is an opportune setting to provide health and nutrition services to disadvantaged children. Yet, school-aged children are not commonly included in health and nutrition surveys. An up-to-date overview of their nutritional status across the world is not available. OBJECTIVE To provide a summary of the recent data on the nutritional status of school-aged children in developing countries and countries in transition and identify issues of public health concern. METHODS A review of literature published from 2002 to 2009 on the nutritional status of children aged 6 to 12 years from Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Eastern Mediterranean region was performed. Eligible studies determined the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies or child under- and overnutrition using biochemical markers and internationally accepted growth references. RESULTS A total of 369 studies from 76 different countries were included. The available data indicate that the nutritional status of school-aged children in the reviewed regions is considerably inadequate. Underweight and thinness were most prominent in populations from South-East Asia and Africa, whereas in Latin America the prevalence of underweight or thinness was generally below 10%. More than half of the studies on anemia reported moderate (> 20%) or severe (> 40%) prevalence of anemia. Prevalences of 20% to 30% were commonly reported for deficiencies of iron, iodine, zinc, and vitamin A. The prevalence of overweight was highest in Latin American countries (20% to 35%). In Africa, Asia, and the Eastern Mediterranean, the prevalence of overweight was generally below 15%. CONCLUSIONS The available data indicate that malnutrition is a public health issue in school-aged children in developing countries and countries in transition. However, the available data, especially data on micronutrient status, are limited. These findings emphasize the need for nutrition interventions in school-aged children and more high-quality research to assess nutritional status in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cora Best
- United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Valeggia CR, Burke KM, Fernandez-Duque E. Nutritional status and socioeconomic change among Toba and Wichí populations of the Argentinean Chaco. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2010; 8:100-10. [PMID: 19959406 PMCID: PMC3470426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is growing at an accelerated pace in disadvantaged populations. Indigenous populations all over the world, whose lifestyle is changing rapidly and drastically, seem to be particularly prone to show an increased prevalence of overweight and its co-morbidities among adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between socioeconomic and nutritional statuses in adults of two indigenous populations of the Argentine Gran Chaco: the Toba and Wichí of the province of Formosa. Originally hunter-gatherers, they are now more settled and engage in temporary wage labor and local political positions. A total of 541 adults (>20 years old) participated in the study. Almost 50% of the adult Toba and 34% of the adult Wichí were overweight and 10% of adults in both populations were obese. Socioeconomic status was positively associated with body mass index in both populations. Furthermore, political connectedness with the non-indigenous sector, as in the case of community leaders, was highly correlated with obesity. Differences within and between groups can be explained by biocultural factors that include gender, diet (foraged vs store-bought), lifestyle (sedentary vs more active), and history of political power. Our study highlights the interactions among social, cultural, and political economic variables, such as political hierarchies within the group or degree of social connectedness with community leaders. By making these variables an integral part of our analysis and interpretation, we hope to improve our understanding of the situation of indigenous populations in transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R. Valeggia
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
- Reproductive Ecology Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
| | - Kevin M. Burke
- Reproductive Ecology Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Duque
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
- Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, CONICET, Corrientes, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Secondary analysis of Bolivian Demographic and Health Surveys 1994, 1998 and 2003 revealed a steady raising trend in levels of overweight and obesity among women in childbearing age (20-45 years), reaching 30% and 15% respectively in 2003. Adolescents' cross-sectional data suggest that overweight and obesity are mainly found in urban areas. Applying the Bolivian body mass index-for-age reference, obesity reached 5% in adolescents, while overweight affects 14% of adolescents. This overview highlights the importance of including the prevention of weight gain among the public health nutrition policies in Bolivia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F J A Pérez-Cueto
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Benefice E, Monrroy SJL, Rodriguez RWL. A nutritional dilemma: fish consumption, mercury exposure and growth of children in Amazonian Bolivia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2008; 18:415-427. [PMID: 19031146 DOI: 10.1080/09603120802272235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To study associations between nutritional status and mercury exposure among communities of the Beni River. Cross-sectional survey of mothers and their children from 15 riverside Amerindian communities in the Beni River valley (Amazonian Bolivia). Hair mercury content (H-Hg) served as a bioindicator of mercury exposure. A total of 556 people were measured. Anthropometric indices of nutrition were calculated after measurements of stature, weight, arm circumference and subcutaneous fat folds. Indicators of lifestyle were collected: subsistence activity, fish consumption and ethnicity. The median of H-Hg was equal to 4.0 microg/g (CI 95%: 3.6 approximately 4.4). There existed a significant relationship between H-Hg and nutritional indices in 5- to 10-year-old children (F = 12.1; p < 0.0001) but not in other age groups. Fishing activity, fish consumption and ethnicity had an effect upon the variance of H-Hg. Positive relationships between nutritional status and H-Hg may be related to the high nutritional value of fish. Among women, the relationship between H-Hg and nutritional status was negative (F = 7.1; p < 0.001), but this disappeared when ethnicity and subsistence activity were taken into account. In these Amazonian communities, recommendations aimed at lowering fish consumption to prevent mercury exposure should be balanced against nutritional advantages conferred upon growing children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Benefice
- IRD-Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Unit 024, Epidemiology and Prevention, Vientiane, Lao PDR.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Port Lourenço AE, Ventura Santos R, Orellana JDY, Coimbra CEA. Nutrition transition in Amazonia: Obesity and socioeconomic change in the Suruí Indians from Brazil. Am J Hum Biol 2008; 20:564-71. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
29
|
Bibliography. Current world literature. Growth and development. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2008; 15:79-101. [PMID: 18185067 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3282f4f084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|