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Yusriadi Y, Cahaya A. Food security systems in rural communities: A qualitative study. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.987853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indonesia is rich in natural resources, but the problem of food insecurity is still a significant concern. However, few studies still examine the relationship of socio dynamics in contributing to local ecosystems to create food security. In this study, we discuss how social dynamics contribute to normative structures, community habits, and livelihoods to meet the living needs of rural communities in creating household food security and how they try to deal with worsening food insecurity through the local wisdom of rural communities. The research methodology is participatory qualitative, while data collection is through a Discussion Group Forum (FGD) and in-depth interviews with rural communities. Fifteen villages contributed to this study, interviewing 14 villagers individually, and the rest were grouped in FGDs based on livelihood categories and equal access to forest and coastal areas. Interview notes and transcription of citations were analyzed using the Thematic Framework Analysis (TFA). The study results illustrate that the village food system is vulnerable to human and natural capital. An adaptation of rural communities will experience food security difficulties when ecosystems do not provide sufficient protection due to a fluctuating climate, crop failure, and loss of household labor due to travel and health emergencies. In addition, food security is created through the dynamics of a well-maintained environment and rural local wisdom, which facilitates broad access to food provided by nature, agricultural land, marine resources, environmental knowledge, community relations, and labor. Our findings highlight the need for interventions that promote environmental conservation goals and introduce social structures that support food security.
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Lemos LP, Loureiro LF, Morcatty TQ, Fa JE, de Vasconcelos Neto CFA, de Souza Jesus A, da Silva VC, de Oliveira Ramalho ML, de Matos Mendes A, Valsecchi J, El Bizri HR. Social Correlates of and Reasons for Primate Meat Consumption in Central Amazonia. INT J PRIMATOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-021-00214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Multiple burdens of malnutrition and relative remoteness in rural Ecuadorian communities. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:4591-4602. [PMID: 33155533 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020004462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social and economic changes associated with new roads can bring about rapid nutritional transitions. To study this process, we: (1) describe trends in adult overweight and obesity (OW/OB) among rural Afro-Ecuadorians over time and across a gradient of community remoteness from the nearest commercial centre; (2) examine the relationship between male and female adult OW/OB and factors associated with market integration such as changing livelihoods and (3) examine the co-occurrence of adult OW/OB and under-five stunting and anaemia. DESIGN Adult anthropometry was collected through serial case-control studies repeated over a decade across twenty-eight communities. At the same time, anthropometry and Hb were measured for all children under 5 years of age in every community. SETTING Northern coastal Ecuador. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 1665) and children under 5 years of age (n 2618). RESULTS From 2003 and 2013, OW/OB increased from 25·1 % to 44·8 % among men and 59·9 % to 70·2 % among women. The inverse relationship between remoteness and OW/OB in men was attenuated when adjusting for urban employment, suggesting that livelihoods mediated the remoteness-OW/OB relationship. No such relationship was observed among women. Communities with a higher prevalence of male OW/OB also had a greater prevalence of stunting, but not anaemia, in children under 5 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The association between male OW/OB and child stunting at the community level, but not the household level, suggests that changing food environments, rather than household- or individual-level factors, drove these trends. A closer examination of changing socio-economic structures and food environments in communities undergoing rapid development could help mitigate future public health burdens.
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Friant S, Ayambem WA, Alobi AO, Ifebueme NM, Otukpa OM, Ogar DA, Alawa CBI, Goldberg TL, Jacka JK, Rothman JM. Life on the Rainforest Edge: Food Security in the Agricultural-Forest Frontier of Cross River State, Nigeria. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wutich A, Rosinger AY, Stoler J, Jepson W, Brewis A. Measuring Human Water Needs. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 32:e23350. [PMID: 31702101 PMCID: PMC7050503 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Water connects the environment, culture, and biology, yet only recently has it emerged as a major focus for research in human biology. To facilitate such research, we describe methods to measure biological, environmental, and perceptual indicators of human water needs. This toolkit provides an overview of methods for assessing different dimensions of human water need, both well‐established and newly‐developed. These include: (a) markers of hydration (eg, urine specific gravity, doubly labeled water) important for measuring the impacts of water need on human biological functioning; (b) methods for measuring water quality (eg, digital colorimeter, membrane filtration) essential for understanding the health risks associated with exposure to microbiological, organic, metal, inorganic nonmental, and other contaminants; and (c) assessments of household water insecurity status that track aspects of unmet water needs (eg, inadequate water service, unaffordability, and experiences of water insecurity) that are directly relevant to human health and biology. Together, these methods can advance new research about the role of water in human biology and health, including the ways that insufficient, unsafe, or insecure water produces negative biological and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asher Y Rosinger
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin Stoler
- Department of Geography, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Wendy Jepson
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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De Lima ACB, Brondízio E, Nardoto GB, Do Nascimento ACS. Conditional Cash Transfers in the Amazon: From the Nutrition Transition to Complex Dietary Behavior Change. Ecol Food Nutr 2019; 59:130-153. [PMID: 31630556 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2019.1678032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition transition theory describes a progressive substitution of local staples for industrialized processed foods in local diets, a process documented diversely across world regions, and increasingly observed in rural areas of the global south. Here we examine the role of conditional cash transfer programs, in particular the emblematic Brazilian Bolsa Família (BFP), in driving nutritional transition in rural areas of the Amazon. Based on ethnographic research with both participating and nonparticipating women in the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR), our analysis integrates Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), seasonal 24-hour food intake recalls, and stable isotope ratios in fingernails to examine dietary behavioral change. Contrary to dietary changes observed elsewhere in the Amazon, participation in the BFP is not associated with a significant substitution of local staples for industrialized processed foods in Amanã. While an increase in the consumption of some industrialized foods was observed, it has been selective and it has not changed the structure of diets. Factors such as social and cultural value of local staples, resident's involvement with the SDR, their relationship with lake and upland forest and agricultural environments, and limited market access have buffered the expansion of industrialized processed foods as observed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Barbosa De Lima
- Center for Advanced Amazonian Studies (NAEA), Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Center for the Analysis of Social-Ecological Landscapes (CASEL), Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Eduardo Brondízio
- Center for the Analysis of Social-Ecological Landscapes (CASEL), Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.,Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Ana Claudeise Silva Do Nascimento
- Research Group in Livelihoods of Riverine Populations and Public Policy, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, Brazil
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Pettigrew SM, Pan WK, Berky A, Harrington J, Bobb JF, Feingold BJ. In urban, but not rural, areas of Madre de Dios, Peru, adoption of a Western diet is inversely associated with selenium intake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:1046-1054. [PMID: 31412442 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Road development has been a major driver of the transition from traditional to calorie-dense processed 'Western' diets in lower and middle-income countries. The paving of the Interoceanic Highway (IOH) facilitated rapid development to the Madre de Dios (MDD) region in the Peruvian Amazon. As traditional foods such as Brazil nuts and fish are known to be rich in the essential micronutrient selenium, people further along the nutrition transition to a Western diet may have lower selenium (Se) intake. To test this hypothesis, in 2014 the Investigacion de Migracion, Ambiente, y Salud (IMAS Study) (Migration, Environment, and Health Study) collected household surveys from 310 households in 46 communities along the IOH and nails for Se analysis from 418 adults. Principal component analysis of 25 commonly consumed food items identified a factor resembling Western diet, which was used to calculate household Western diet weighted sum factor scores (WSFS). WSFS means were interpolated into a 10 km buffer around the IOH using inverse distance weighting. Western diet adoption was higher in urban compared to rural areas (p < 0.0001), and geographic variation was observed between mining and agricultural areas. Mean nail Se was 730 ng/g, SD 198 ng/g (range: 200-1390 ng/g). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models assessed the association between food consumption and nail Se. Household chicken consumption was positively associated with Se in rural areas only. Urban/rural status modified the effect of western diet adoption on nail Se, and Se was inversely associated with WSFS in urban areas only. Conclusion: In urban, but not rural, areas of Madre de Dios, Peru, adoption of a Western diet is inversely associated with selenium intake. As the essential micronutrient selenium is a vital part of antioxidant proteins, lower intake could compound the chronic health effects that may result from transition to a calorie-dense diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy M Pettigrew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, School of Public Health, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States of America
| | - William K Pan
- Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Axel Berky
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - James Harrington
- Analytical Sciences Department, Research Triangle Institute, East Cornwallis Road, Post Office Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, United States of America
| | - Jennifer F Bobb
- Biostatistics Unit, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Avenue, #1600, Seattle, WA 98101, United States of America
| | - Beth J Feingold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, School of Public Health, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States of America.
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Silva AB, Andrade Filha IGD, Benevides KMM, Silva DMD, Rodrigues PMDA, Silva SC, Garzón MIC. Cultura dos povos originários da floresta amazônica na gestação e no puerpério: uma revisão de escopo sob o ponto de vista da segurança alimentar e nutricional. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104201912319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A desnutrição na população indígena é um problema de saúde pública atual e uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade das crianças desses grupos no Brasil. Para subsidiar ações de promoção da educação alimentar e nutricional, abrangendo povos da floresta do estado do Amazonas, Brasil, cujo território faz fronteira com a Colômbia, além da visita de campo em 2018, fez-se necessário, concomitantemente, mapear na literatura como essa população vive e de que maneira o cuidado é prestado. A revisão de escopo buscou tópicos referentes ao modo de vida das mulheres e crianças na Amazônia, à dieta durante o período gestacional e do puerpério, a práticas de aleitamento, à introdução de alimentos sólidos ao bebê e aos cuidados dos serviços de saúde. Como resultado, foram recuperados 21 estudos multidisciplinares. Encontrou-se que a comida tradicional tem valor nutricional maior do que a industrializada, a culinária local é uma fonte de renda das mulheres indígenas no meio urbano e um elo entre etnias. Conclui-se que as pesquisas devem incorporar o paradigma da promoção da saúde e abranger temas como a aculturação indígena nos centros urbanos amazônicos, a chegada da internet nas aldeias e o papel do cuidado à distância, que necessitam ser investigados para melhor enfrentamento do problema.
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Cooper CG, Burns JL, Koster JM, Perri AR, Richards MP. Economic and demographic predictors of dietary variation and nutritional indicators in Nicaragua. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23125. [PMID: 29637643 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We measured carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios in a contemporary population, and tested how the isotopic variability relates to measures of socioeconomic status (e.g., household wealth) and anthropometric measures (e.g., standardized height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores). METHODS Hair samples from individuals living in the Bosawas Biosphere Reserve in Nicaragua were analyzed for δ13 C and δ15 N, and these data were examined in relation to individual (e.g., age, sex, anthropometrics) and household (e.g., household size, wealth) variables. RESULTS We found through mixed-effects modeling that δ13 C and δ15 N varied predictably with individual age and household wealth. δ13 C and δ15 N did not, however, improve models predicting variation in individual anthropometric measures. CONCLUSION These results indicate that, although there is a relationship between diet (δ13 C and δ15 N) and socioeconomic variables, these dietary differences are not the main cause of health differences in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica L Burns
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jeremy M Koster
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Angela R Perri
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Dufour DL, Piperata BA. Reflections on nutrition in biological anthropology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 165:855-864. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darna L. Dufour
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder; Boulder Colorado 80309
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SPERANDIO N, RODRIGUES CT, FRANCESCHINI SDCC, PRIORE SE. Impact of Bolsa Família Program on the nutritional status of children and adolescents from two Brazilian regions. REV NUTR 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652017000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess and compare the impact of the Bolsa Família Program (Family Allowance) on the nutritional status of children and adolescents from the Brazilian Northeastern and Southeastern regions. Methods: The study used data from a database derived from a subsample of the Family Budget Survey conducted from 2008 to 2009. The ratios of underweight, stunted, and overweight children were calculated. Impact measurement analysis was preceded by propensity score matching, which matches beneficiary and non-beneficiary families in relation to a set of socioeconomic features. The nearest-neighbor matching algorithm estimated the program impact. Results: The ratio of underweight children and adolescents was, on average, 1.1% smaller in the beneficiary families than in the non-beneficiary families in the Northeastern region. As for the Southeastern region, the ratio of overweight children and adolescents was, on average, 4.2% smaller in the beneficiary families. The program did not affect stunting in either region. Conclusion: The results showed the positive impact and good focus of the program. Thus, once linked to structural actions, the program may help to improve the nutritional status and quality of life of its beneficiaries.
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Melby CL, Orozco F, Ochoa D, Muquinche M, Padro M, Munoz FN. Nutrition and physical activity transitions in the Ecuadorian Andes: Differences among urban and rural-dwelling women. Am J Hum Biol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28247963 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The nutrition and physical activity transitions, characterized by increased consumption of high energy density foods and more sedentary lifestyles, are associated with increased obesity and hypertension in Ecuador. These transitions have been characterized primarily in urban areas, which may neglect variation in specific rural areas of Ecuador. Therefore we examined the extent of the differences in dietary and activity patterns, obesity prevalence, and blood pressure (BP) in urban and rural-dwelling women in the Ecuadorian central highlands. METHODS Urban-dwelling women (UW, n = 198, mean age = 44 years) from three areas of a city of 250,000 residents and rural women (RW; n = 202, mean age = 47 years) from three remote communities in the same province (Chimborazo) were randomly selected and surveyed for dietary and activity practices, BP, and anthropometrics. RESULTS Ninety percent of UW reported obtaining their food primarily from markets while 65% of RW women obtained their food primarily from their own cultivation. Cookies, cakes, candies, ice cream, and French fries were consumed more frequently by UW. RW reported lower consumption of beef, poultry, and chicken, as well as fruits, milk, and white rice. UW compared to RW women spent less time walking and in strenuous work activities. Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2 ) (UW = 18.7% vs RW = 9.2%) and hypertension (UW = 15.7%, RW= 3.0%) were more common in UW. Average systolic and diastolic BP was significantly higher in UW. CONCLUSIONS The nutrition and physical activity transitions appear more evident in urban- compared to rural-dwelling women, and are associated with more obesity and higher BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Melby
- College of Health Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Cumbaya, Ecuador.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Colorado School of Public Health at, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Fadya Orozco
- College of Health Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Cumbaya, Ecuador
| | - Diana Ochoa
- School of Public Health, Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Maria Muquinche
- School of Public Health, Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Padro
- Colorado School of Public Health at, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Piperata BA, McSweeney K, Murrieta RS. Conditional Cash Transfers, Food Security, and Health: Biocultural Insights for Poverty-Alleviation Policy from the Brazilian Amazon. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1086/688912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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SPERANDIO N, RODRIGUES CT, FRANCESCHINI SDCC, PRIORE SE. Impact of the Bolsa Família Program on energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes: Study of the Northeast and Southeast. REV NUTR 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652016000600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of the Bolsa Família Program on the energy and nutrient intakes of beneficiaries from the Brazilian Northeast and Southeast regions. Methods: The study used data from the 2008-2009 Pesquisa de Orçamento Famíliar, which assessed individual food intake on two nonconsecutive days of individuals aged more than 10 years. Based the personal information booklet, food intake values were transformed into nutritional values (energy and nutrients). Analysis of the impact measure was preceded by propensity score matching, a technique that matches some socioeconomic characteristics of beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries. Once the score was calculated, the impact of the Bolsa Família Program was estimated by nearest neighbor matching. Results: The program increased energy and macronutrient intakes and decreased calcium and vitamin A, D, E, and C intakes of adolescent beneficiaries in both regions. Adult beneficiaries from the Southeast region increased their fiber, iron, and selenium intakes, and those from the Northeast region decreased their energy, lipid, added sugar, sodium, zinc, vitamin E, and pyridoxine intakes. Conclusion: The results show a positive impact of the program on the energy and macronutrient intakes, and a negative impact on the intakes of most study micronutrients, especially in adolescents, which reinforce the importance of implementing intersectoral actions to improve the nutritional quality of the Bolsa Família Program beneficiaries' diet.
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Dufour DL, Piperata BA, Murrieta RSS, Wilson WM, Williams DD. Amazonian foods and implications for human biology. Ann Hum Biol 2016; 43:330-48. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1196245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darna L. Dufour
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Warren M. Wilson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Drake D. Williams
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Marques RC, Abreu L, Bernardi JVE, Dórea JG. Traditional living in the Amazon: Extended breastfeeding, fish consumption, mercury exposure and neurodevelopment. Ann Hum Biol 2016; 43:360-70. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1189962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Rodrigues LPF, Carvalho RC, Maciel A, Otanasio PN, Garavello MEDPE, Nardoto GB. Food Insecurity in Urban and Rural Areas in Central Brazil: Transition from Locally Produced Foods to Processed Items. Ecol Food Nutr 2016; 55:365-77. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2016.1188090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Galvin KA, Beeton TA, Boone RB, BurnSilver SB. Nutritional Status of Maasai Pastoralists under Change. HUMAN ECOLOGY: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL 2015; 43:411-424. [PMID: 26213437 PMCID: PMC4512275 DOI: 10.1007/s10745-015-9749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses the nutritional status of Maasai pastoralists living in a period of great social, economic and ecological changes in Kajiado County, southern Kenya. Data on weight, height, skinfolds, and circumferences were collected from 534 individuals in the year 2000. The data were used to describe mean differences in human nutrition between ages, sexes, and within and among three Group Ranches. Nutritional data and diet recall data were compared with past studies of Maasai nutrition from 1930 to 2000. Results indicate that nutritional status is poor and has remained so despite numerous changes to the social-ecological system including livelihood diversification, sedentarization, human population growth and decreased access to vegetation heterogeneity. Imbirikani Group Ranch had better access to infrastructure and markets and some measures of nutritional status were better than for individuals in other group ranches. However, nutritional status remains poor despite transitioning to greater market integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Galvin
- />Department of Anthropology, Colorado State University, B-219 Andrew G. Clark Building, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1787 USA
| | - Tyler A. Beeton
- />Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, 238 Natural Resources Building, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1787 USA
| | - Randall B. Boone
- />Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, A204 NESB - Campus Delivery 1476, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1787 USA
| | - Shauna B. BurnSilver
- />School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Complex Adaptive Systems Initiative, Arizona State University, PO Box 872402, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402 USA
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Brewis AA, Mckenna JJ. Translating human biology (introduction to special issue). Am J Hum Biol 2014; 27:1-5. [PMID: 25339595 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Introducing a special issue on "Translating Human Biology," we pose two basic questions: Is human biology addressing the most critical challenges facing our species? How can the processes of translating our science be improved and innovated? METHODS We analyze articles published in American Journal of Human Biology from 2004-2013, and find there is very little human biological consideration of issues related to most of the core human challenges such as water, energy, environmental degradation, or conflict. There is some focus on disease, and considerable focus on food/nutrition. We then introduce this special volume with reference to the following articles that provide exemplars for the process of how translation and concern for broader context and impacts can be integrated into research. CONCLUSIONS Human biology has significant unmet potential to engage more fully in translation for the public good, through consideration of the topics we focus on, the processes of doing our science, and the way we present our domain expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Brewis
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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Vercellotti G, Piperata BA, Agnew AM, Wilson WM, Dufour DL, Reina JC, Boano R, Justus HM, Larsen CS, Stout SD, Sciulli PW. Exploring the multidimensionality of stature variation in the past through comparisons of archaeological and living populations. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2014; 155:229-42. [PMID: 24894916 PMCID: PMC7424595 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult stature variation is commonly attributed to differential stress-levels during development. However, due to selective mortality and heterogeneous frailty, a population's tall stature may be more indicative of high selective pressures than of positive life conditions. This article examines stature in a biocultural context and draws parallels between bioarchaeological and living populations to explore the multidimensionality of stature variation in the past. This study investigates: 1) stature differences between archaeological populations exposed to low or high stress (inferred from skeletal indicators); 2) similarities in growth retardation patterns between archaeological and living groups; and 3) the apportionment of variance in growth outcomes at the regional level in archaeological and living populations. Anatomical stature estimates were examined in relation to skeletal stress indicators (cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, linear enamel hypoplasia) in two medieval bioarchaeological populations. Stature and biocultural information were gathered for comparative living samples from South America. Results indicate 1) significant (P < 0.01) differences in stature between groups exposed to different levels of skeletal stress; 2) greater prevalence of stunting among living groups, with similar patterns in socially stratified archaeological and modern groups; and 3) a degree of regional variance in growth outcomes consistent with that observed for highly selected traits. The relationship between early stress and growth is confounded by several factors-including catch-up growth, cultural buffering, and social inequality. The interpretations of early life conditions based on the relationship between stress and stature should be advanced with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda M. Agnew
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Warren M. Wilson
- Department of Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta AB T2N 1N4
| | - Darna L. Dufour
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Julio C. Reina
- Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad del Valle and Centro Médico Imbanaco de Cali, Colombia
| | - Rosa Boano
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy 10123
| | - Hedy M. Justus
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | | | - Sam D. Stout
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Paul W. Sciulli
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Cordeiro MDM, Monego ET, Martins KA. Overweight in Goiás'quilombola students and food insecurity in their families. REV NUTR 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1415-52732014000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To characterize the nutritional status of quilombola students and determine the food security status of their households. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with students aged six to nineteen years from quilombola communities in twelve municipalities of Goiás categorized by age, gender, school location (urban/rural), and nutritional status based on the World Health Organization's height-for-age and body mass index for-age charts. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was used for measuring food (in)security in their families. Descriptive and association analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: In a sample of 226 students, overweight (17.2%) was more common than malnutrition (1.3%), especially in students attending urban schools (28.2%) (p<0.05). Most (75.2%) quilombola families experienced food insecurity, especially mild. Conclusion: The apparent contradiction of excess weight and food insecurity occurring simultaneously indicates the need of revising the study instruments and the causal network that identify poverty.
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Tanner S. Health and disease: exploring the relation between parasitic infections, child nutrition status, and markets. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2014; 155:221-8. [PMID: 25059318 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioarchaeology and among living people provides insight into the biological and biocultural consequences of subsistence, political, and economic transitions. Central to this effort is examining infectious disease, such as diarrheal disease, respiratory infections, and parasitic infections because they are an important source of nutritional and energetic stress in both past and current groups. Although infection may not always result in overt disease, frequent exposure results in biological stress with a negative effect on child growth and, by extension, health. The goal of this article is to examine the association between a common class of infectious disease, soil-transmitted helminth worms, and nutritional status among youth living in communities that vary with respect to their distance from a commercial center. In 2007, anthropometric measurements and parasitological surveys were collected for 338 2-14-year-old children and adolescents living in lowland Bolivia as part of the Tsimane' Amazonian Panel Study. Associations between the presence of helminth infections and markers of both short- and long-term nutritional status were overall weak. Youth living in communities distant from the commercial center were more likely to be positive for multiple parasite species than youth in near communities, but youth in mid-distance communities had lower infection rates. This article demonstrates the challenge of identifying associations between nutritional and disease stress when individual and household factors are nested in a larger context of socioeconomic and environmental change. Increased collaboration between bioarchaeology and human biology should continue to examine the connections between stress and disease across time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Tanner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Himmelgreen DA, Cantor A, Arias S, Romero Daza N. Using a biocultural approach to examine migration/globalization, diet quality, and energy balance. Physiol Behav 2014; 134:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shei A, Costa F, Reis MG, Ko AI. The impact of Brazil's Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer program on children's health care utilization and health outcomes. BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS 2014; 14:10. [PMID: 24690131 PMCID: PMC4021270 DOI: 10.1186/1472-698x-14-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs provide poor families with cash conditional on investments in health and education. Brazil’s Bolsa Família program began in 2003 and is currently the largest CCT program in the world. This community-based study examines the impact of Bolsa Família on child health in a slum community in a large urban center. Methods In 2010, detailed household surveys were conducted with randomly selected Bolsa Família beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in a Brazilian slum community of approximately 14,000 inhabitants in a large urban center. 567 families (with 1,266 children) were interviewed. Propensity score methods were used to control for differences between beneficiary and non-beneficiary children to estimate program impacts on health care utilization and health outcomes. Results Bolsa Família has increased the odds of children’s visits to the health post for preventive services. In children under age seven, Bolsa Família was associated with increased odds for growth monitoring (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.9-5.1), vaccinations (OR = 2.8; 95% CI 1.4-5.4), and checkups (OR = 1.6; 95% CI 0.98-2.5), and with the number of growth monitoring visits (β = 0.6; p = 0.049) and checkups (β = 0.2; p = 0.068). There were positive spillover effects on older siblings (ages 7-17) no longer required to meet the health conditionalities. Bolsa Família increased their odds for growth monitoring (OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.3-4.9) and checkups (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 0.9-3.2) and improved psychosocial health (β = 2.6; p = 0.007). Conclusions Bolsa Família has improved health care utilization, especially for services related to the health conditionalites, and there were positive spillover effects on older siblings. The findings of this study are promising, but they also suggest that further improvements in health may depend on the quality of health care services provided, the scope of services linked to the health conditionalities, and coordination with other social safety net programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie Shei
- Analysis Group, Inc,, 111 Huntington Avenue, 10th Floor, Boston, MA 02199, USA.
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Cantor A, Peña J, Himmelgreen D. “We Never Ate Like That, Not Fast Food, or Junk Foods”: Accounts of Changing Maternal Diet in a Tourist Community in Rural Costa Rica. Ecol Food Nutr 2013; 52:479-96. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2013.824360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Piperata BA, Schmeer KK, Hadley C, Ritchie-Ewing G. Dietary inequalities of mother-child pairs in the rural Amazon: evidence of maternal-child buffering? Soc Sci Med 2013; 96:183-91. [PMID: 24034966 PMCID: PMC3796132 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the expected outcome of maternal nutritional "buffering," namely that children's diets will be more adequate than mothers' diets under conditions of food scarcity. Data on Amazonian mothers and their children, household demography and economics and direct, weighed measures of household food availability and dietary intakes of mother-child pairs were collected from 51 households to address the following research questions: (1) is there evidence of food scarcity in this setting?; (2) are there differences in energy and protein adequacy between children and their mothers?; and, (3) which individual and household-level factors are associated with these mother-child differences in energy and protein adequacy? In this context of food scarcity, we found that the majority of children had more adequate energy (p < 0.001) and protein (p < 0.001) intakes than their mothers. Multivariate OLS regression models showed that of the individual-level factors, child age and height-for-age were negatively associated with maternal-child energy and protein inequalities while maternal reproductive status (lactation) was positively associated with energy inequality. While there were no gender differences in dietary adequacy among children, boys had a larger advantage over their mothers in terms of protein adequacy than girls. Household food availability was related to maternal-child energy and protein inequalities in a curvilinear fashion with the lowest inequalities found in households with extremely low food availability and those with adequate food resources. This is the first study to quantify maternal-child dietary inequalities in a setting of food scarcity and demonstrates the importance of the household context and individual characteristics in understanding the degree to which mothers protect their children from resource scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Piperata
- The Ohio State University, Department of Anthropology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Precursors to overnutrition: The effects of household market food expenditures on measures of body composition among Tsimane' adults in lowland Bolivia. Soc Sci Med 2013; 92:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Shei A. Brazil’s Conditional Cash Transfer Program Associated With Declines In Infant Mortality Rates. Health Aff (Millwood) 2013; 32:1274-81. [DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amie Shei
- Amie Shei is an associate at Analysis Group, an economic, financial, and strategy consulting firm in Boston, Massachusetts
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Houck K, Sorensen MV, Lu F, Alban D, Alvarez K, Hidobro D, Doljanin C, Ona AI. The effects of market integration on childhood growth and nutritional status: the dual burden of under- and over-nutrition in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon. Am J Hum Biol 2013; 25:524-33. [PMID: 23657874 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Market integration is an important source of cultural change exposing indigenous populations to epidemiologic and nutrition transitions. As children and adolescents are biologically sensitive to the health effects of market integration, we examine community variation of anthropometric indicators of nutritional status and growth among a cross-cultural sample of Kichwa, Shuar, Huaorani, and Cofán indigenous groups in the northern Ecuadorian Amazon. METHODS We measured height, weight, body mass index (BMI), upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds of 186 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years from seven communities. Anthropometric z-scores were calculated based on the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Comparisons were made with this US reference group, along with between community differences to contextually explore the impacts of varying degrees of market integration. RESULTS We found a high prevalence of stunting in both boys (40%) and girls (34%). Adiposity increased with age and 40% of girls between 15 and 18 years old were overweight. There were large sex differences in body composition with higher BMI, arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds in adolescent girls. The Kichwa demonstrated the poorest growth outcomes and nutritional stress followed by the Huaorani and Shuar; yet distinctions in under- and over-nutrition were evident within groups. CONCLUSION Market integration is a major factor influencing the developmental and lifestyle mismatch associated with the epidemiologic and nutrition transition in general, and the dual burden pattern of high rates of stunting yet adequate to above average short-term nutritional status indicators found among indigenous Amazonian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Houck
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3115, USA.
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Vercellotti G, Piperata BA. The use of biocultural data in interpreting sex differences in body proportions among rural Amazonians. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2012; 147:113-27. [PMID: 22120650 PMCID: PMC3357059 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Variation in height and body proportions is relatively well-understood at the inter-population level, but less is known about intra-population variation. This study explores intra-population variation in body proportions among 172 (88 female; 84 male) adult rural Amazonians. We test the hypotheses that: (1) stunting is associated with changes in proportions and fatness; (2) the sexes express different proportions in response to similar environmental stress; and (3) female growth is negatively affected by the costs of reproduction. We examined height, sitting height, and total leg length in subsamples based on sex and nutritional status (stunted/nonstunted) in relation to biocultural factors including access to food and healthcare and female reproductive history parameters. Differences in proportions were examined using the Quick-Test (Tsutakawa and Hewett: Biometrics 33 (1977) 215-219); correlation analyses were used to detect associations between anthropometric data and body fatness, and female reproductive history parameters. We found significantly higher rates of stunting among females (X(2) = 5.31; P = 0.02; RR = 1.4). Stunted individuals exhibited relatively shorter legs than nonstunted individuals (P = 0.02), although this was not found in within-sex analyses. A significant negative correlation was found between leg length index and fatness (P < 0.01). Lastly, females exhibited relatively shorter legs than males (P = 0.0003) and, among females, height and leg length were significantly positively correlated with age-at-first-birth (P < 0.02) suggesting that adolescent pregnancy may negatively affect growth in this population. Our findings provide insights for the study of intra-population variation in body proportions and highlight the importance of biocultural data in interpreting the pattern of variation observed in living and past populations.
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