1
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Cheng X, Yang Q, Liu J, Ye J, Xiao H, Zhang G, Pan Y, Li X, Hao R, Li Y. Constitutional 763.3 Kb chromosome 1q43 duplication encompassing only CHRM3 gene identified by next generation sequencing (NGS) in a child with intellectual disability. Mol Cytogenet 2019; 12:16. [PMID: 31019551 PMCID: PMC6472087 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deletion or duplication on the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 1 result in complex and highly variable clinical phenotype including. intellectual disability and autism. Case presentation We report on a patient with intellectual disability and a 763.3 Kb duplication on 1q43 that includes only CHRM3, which was detected by next generation sequencing (NGS). The patient presented with intellectual disability, developmental delay, autistic behavior, limited or no speech, social withdrawal, self-injurious, feeding difficulties, strabismus, short stature, hand anomalie, and no seizures, anxiety, or mood swings, and clinodactyly. Conclusions We propose that CHRM3 is the critical gene responsible for the common characteristics in the cases with 1q43 duplication and deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cheng
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qifang Yang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jun Liu
- 2Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Juan Ye
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Huiying Xiao
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Gaimei Zhang
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuanyuan Pan
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xia Li
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruifeng Hao
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yinfeng Li
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia, China
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2
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Kılıç ET, Akçay ME, Akdemir MS, Atağ E, Gürsu O. Anesthetic Management in Corpus Callosum Agenesis. Anesth Essays Res 2018; 12:758-760. [PMID: 30283190 PMCID: PMC6157239 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_91_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Corpus callosum agenesis develops when the band which connects the two hemispheres of the brain does not occur in utero. It is associated with prenatal infections, genetic factors, toxic exposures, metabolic disorders, and chromosome errors. Mostly seen clinical features are macrocephaly, microcephaly, seizures, motor retardation, hypotonia, eye anomalies, and facial dysmorphisms. Here, we report a case of corpus callosum agenesis syndrome undergoing upper endoscopy under deep sedation with dexmedetomidine. The main anesthetic concerns are difficulty in airway, respiratory problems, gastric reflux, and interaction of the seizures therapy with general anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Tarıkçı Kılıç
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences University, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdem Akçay
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences University, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salim Akdemir
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences University, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Egemen Atağ
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences University, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Gürsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences University, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Raun N, Mailo J, Spinelli E, He X, McAvena S, Brand L, O'Sullivan J, Andersen J, Richer L, Tang-Wai R, Bolduc FV. Quantitative phenotypic and network analysis of 1q44 microdeletion for microcephaly. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:972-977. [PMID: 28328126 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As genome wide techniques become more common, an increasing proportion of patients with intellectual disability (ID) are found to have genetic defects allowing genotype-phenotype correlations. Previously, AKT3 deletion was suggested to be responsible for microcephaly in patients with 1q43-q44 deletion syndrome, but this does not correspond to all cases. We report a case of a de novo 1q44 deletion in an 8-year-old boy with microcephaly in whom AKT3 is not deleted. We used a systematic review of the literature, our patient, and network analysis to gain a better understanding of the genetic basis of microcephaly in 1q deletion patients. Our analysis showed that while AKT3 deletion is associated with more severe (≤3 SD) microcephaly in 1q43-q44 deletion patients, other genes may contribute to microcephaly in AKT3 intact patients with microcephaly and 1q43-44 deletion syndrome. We identified a potential role for HNRNPU, SMYD3, NLRP3, and KIF26B in microcephaly. Overall, our study highlights the need for network analysis and quantitative measures reporting in the phenotypic analysis of a complex genetic syndrome related to copy number variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Raun
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janette Mailo
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Egidio Spinelli
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xu He
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah McAvena
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Logan Brand
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Julia O'Sullivan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John Andersen
- Division of Neurodevelopmental and Neuromotor Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lawrence Richer
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard Tang-Wai
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Francois V Bolduc
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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4
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Wu XL, Li R, Fu F, Pan M, Han J, Yang X, Zhang YL, Li FT, Liao C. Chromosome microarray analysis in the investigation of children with congenital heart disease. BMC Pediatr 2017; 17:117. [PMID: 28472932 PMCID: PMC5418813 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study was aimed to explore the clinical implication of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) in genetically etiological diagnosis of children with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS A total of 104 children with CHD with or without multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) or intellectual disabilities/developmental delay (ID/DD) but normal karyotype were investigated using Affymetrix CytoScan HD array. RESULT Pathogenic copy number variations (PCNVs) were identified in 29 children (27.9%). The detection rates in children with simple CHD and complex CHD were 31.1% (19/61) and 23.2% (10/43), respectively. The detection rates of PCNVs were 17.9% (7/39), 20% (5/25), 63.2% (12/19) and 23.8% (5/21) in isolated CHD, CHD plus MCA, CHD plus ID/DD, CHD plus MCA and ID/DD, respectively. The PCNVs rate of CHD plus ID/DD was significantly higher than that of isolated CHD. Two genomic loci including 15q11.2 deletion and 1q43-q44 deletion were considered as CHD locus. The DVL1, SKI, STIM1, CTNNA3 and PLN were identified as candidate genes associated with CHD phenotypes. CONCLUSION CMA can increase the diagnostic rate and improve the etiological diagnosis in children with CHD. We suggest CMA as a first-tier test in children with CHD, especially in children with CHD plus ID/DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-li Wu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Fu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Pan
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Han
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-ling Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Fa-tao Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Liao
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangdong, China
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5
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Picker-Minh S, Hartenstein S, Proquitté H, Fröhler S, Raile V, Kraemer N, Apeshiotis S, Leipoldt M, Kalache KD, Morris-Rosendahl D, Boltshauser E, Chen W, Kaindl AM. Pontine Tegmental Cap Dysplasia in an Extremely Preterm Infant and Review of the Literature. J Child Neurol 2017; 32:334-340. [PMID: 28193110 DOI: 10.1177/0883073816680748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia is a rare hindbrain malformation syndrome with a hypoplastic pons, a tissue protrusion into the fourth ventricle, and cranial nerve dysfunction. We here report clinical, imaging, and genetic findings of the first extremely low-birth-weight preterm infant with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia born at 25 weeks of gestation and provide an overview of 29 sporadic cases. A prenatally diagnosed hypoplastic and rostrally shifted cerebellum was indicative of a hindbrain defect and later identified as an early sign of pontine tegmental cap dysplasia in our patient. The neonate exhibited severe muscle hypotonia, persistent thermolability, and clinical signs of an involvement of facial, cochlear, and hypoglossal nerves. Furthermore, paroxysmal episodes of agonizing pain with facial tics, tonic and clonic muscle contractions, blepharospasm, and singultus are highlighted as new phenotypic features of pontine tegmental cap dysplasia. With our report, we present a severe case of pontine tegmental cap dysplasia and provide a brief overview of current knowledge on this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Picker-Minh
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,2 Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,3 Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronic Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,4 Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans Proquitté
- 5 Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fröhler
- 6 Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Raile
- 3 Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronic Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Kraemer
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,2 Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Apeshiotis
- 7 Institute of Human Genetics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Leipoldt
- 7 Institute of Human Genetics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karim D Kalache
- 8 Department of Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Deborah Morris-Rosendahl
- 7 Institute of Human Genetics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,9 Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eugen Boltshauser
- 10 Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wei Chen
- 6 Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- 2 Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,3 Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronic Sick Children, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,4 Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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6
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Partial monosomy 1q43 and partial trisomy 20q13.2: a case report. Clin Dysmorphol 2016; 25:128-32. [PMID: 27057655 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Shetty M, Srikanth A, Kadandale J, Hegde S. Pre- and Postnatal Analysis of Chromosome 1q44 Deletion in Agenesis of Corpus Callosum. Mol Syndromol 2015; 6:187-92. [PMID: 26648835 DOI: 10.1159/000440659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC) is one of the common brain abnormalities and also a common finding in children with mental disability. ACC is heterogeneous and can occur as an isolated condition or as part of a syndrome. ACC can be accurately identified by the absence of the cavum septum pallucidum and tear drop effect of the lateral ventricle after 18 weeks of pregnancy in an ultrasound scan. Genetic causes have been attributed to 30-45% of cases with ACC. Submicroscopic deletions of 1q43q44 have been reported in several cases of ACC. The AKT3 gene, mapped to 1q44, is required for the development of the callosum and brain size. It is considered to be a candidate gene for ACC. We studied a total of 22 cases with ACC, in pre- and postnatal samples using FISH probes. None of the samples showed a deletion in 1q44, implying that the AKT3 gene may not be associated with ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Shetty
- Department of Medical Genetics, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Sridevi Hegde
- Department of Medical Genetics, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
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8
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Arroyo-Carrera I, de Zaldívar Tristancho MS, Bermejo-Sánchez E, Martínez-Fernández ML, López-Lafuente A, MacDonald A, Zúñiga Á, Luis Gómez-Skarmeta J, Luisa Martínez-Frías M. Deletion 1q43-44 in a patient with clinical diagnosis of Warburg-Micro syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167:1243-51. [PMID: 25899426 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Warburg-Micro syndrome (WARBM) is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by microcephaly, microphthalmia, microcornea, congenital cataracts, optic atrophy and central nervous system malformations. This syndrome is caused by mutations in the RAB3GAP1/2 and RAB18 genes, part of the Rab family, and in the TBC1D20 gene, which contributes to lipid droplet formation/metabolism. Here we present a patient with clinical diagnosis of WARBM syndrome, who did not have mutations in either the RAB3GAP1/2 genes, in the main exons of RAB18, nor in the TBC1D20 gene. However, the analysis with CGH-array detected a 9.6 Mb deletion at 1q43-qter. We performed a genotype-phenotype correlation using 20 previously published patients in whom the coordinates of the deleted regions were defined. The comparative analysis revealed that the current patient and three of the other 20 patients share the loss of six genes, four of which are related with the family of G proteins, and are strongly expressed in the brain, retina, heart and kidney. Consequently, their haploinsufficiency may result in different combinations of clinical alterations, including some of those of WARBM syndrome. In addition, the haploinsufficiency of other genes may contribute to other defects and clinical variability. Additionally, for the genotype-phenotype correlation, one must also consider molecular pathways that can result in the observed alterations. To early confirm a genetic diagnosis is essential for the patient and family. The current patient was considered as having a recessive syndrome, but since he had a "de novo" deletion, there was not an increased recurrence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Arroyo-Carrera
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain.,Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (U724), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Solo de Zaldívar Tristancho
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain.,Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain
| | - Eva Bermejo-Sánchez
- Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (U724), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación sobre Anomalías Congénitas (CIAC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Martínez-Fernández
- Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (U724), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación sobre Anomalías Congénitas (CIAC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alexandra MacDonald
- Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain.,Centro de Investigación sobre Anomalías Congénitas (CIAC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Zúñiga
- Servicio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María Luisa Martínez-Frías
- Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) (U724), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación sobre Anomalías Congénitas (CIAC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Cho JH, Song ES, Kim HN, Oh BS, Choi YY. A chromosome 1q44 deletion in a 4-month-old girl; The first report in Korea. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2014; 57:292-6. [PMID: 25076975 PMCID: PMC4115071 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2014.57.6.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 1 is associated with a characteristic facial appearance and a pattern of associated malformations. Characteristic manifestations include a round face with prominent 'cupid's bow' and downturned corners of the mouth, thin vermilion borders of lips, a long upper lip with a smooth philtrum, a short and broad nose, epicanthal folds, apparently low-set ears, micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal hands and feet, variable cardiac or genital anomalies, moderate to severe mental retardation, and growth retardation. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to map precisely the deletion, we present a case of chromosome 1q44 deletion with craniofacial characteristics, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. In comparison with other reported cases of 1q43-44 deletion, the subject does not show hydrocephalus, seizure, syn- or polydactyly of hands, and a urogenital anomaly. However, an arachnoid cyst, pinpoint dimple on the midline of the forehead, a right-sided supernumerary nipple and auricular pit, polydactyly of the right foot, adducted thumb, and flexion restriction of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a simian line in both hands were observed additionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Song Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hee Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Burm Seok Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Youn Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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10
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Poot M, Kas MJ. Antisense may make sense of 1q44 deletions, seizures, and HNRNPU. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:910-2. [PMID: 23494950 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Thomson PA, Malavasi ELV, Grünewald E, Soares DC, Borkowska M, Millar JK. DISC1 genetics, biology and psychiatric illness. FRONTIERS IN BIOLOGY 2013; 8:1-31. [PMID: 23550053 PMCID: PMC3580875 DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable, and in many individuals likely arise from the combined effects of genes and the environment. A substantial body of evidence points towards DISC1 being one of the genes that influence risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, and functional studies of DISC1 consequently have the potential to reveal much about the pathways that lead to major mental illness. Here, we review the evidence that DISC1 influences disease risk through effects upon multiple critical pathways in the developing and adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa A Thomson
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine at the Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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12
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Deletion 1q43 encompassing only CHRM3 in a patient with autistic disorder. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 56:118-22. [PMID: 23253743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deletions on the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 1 result in complex and highly variable clinical phenotypes which include intellectual disability, autism, seizures, microcephaly/craniofacial dysmorphology, corpus callosal agenesis/hypogenesis, cardiac and genital anomalies, hand and foot abnormalities and short stature. Genotype-phenotype correlation reported a minimum region of 2 Mb at 1q43-q44. We report on a 3 ½ year old male patient diagnosed with autistic disorder who has social withdrawal, eating problems, repetitive stereotypic behaviors including self-injurious head banging and hair pulling, and no seizures, anxiety, or mood swings. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) showed an interstitial deletion of 473 kb at 1q43 region (239,412,391-239,885,394; NCBI build37/hg19) harboring only CHRM3 (Acetylcholine Receptor, Muscarinic, 3; OMIM: 118494). Recently, another case with a de novo interstitial deletion of 911 kb at 1q43 encompassing three genes including CHRM3 was reported. The M3 muscarinic receptor influences a multitude of central and peripheral nervous system processes via its interaction with acetylcholine and may be an important modulator of behavior, learning and memory. We propose CHRM3 as a candidate gene responsible for our patient's specific phenotype as well as the overlapping phenotypic features of other patients with 1q43 or 1q43-q44 deletions.
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13
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Subtelomeric deletions of 1q43q44 and severe brain impairment associated with delayed myelination. J Hum Genet 2012; 57:593-600. [PMID: 22718018 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2012.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Subtelomeric deletions of 1q44 cause mental retardation, developmental delay and brain anomalies, including abnormalities of the corpus callosum (ACC) and microcephaly in most patients. We report the cases of six patients with 1q44 deletions; two patients with interstitial deletions of 1q44; and four patients with terminal deletions of 1q. One of the patients showed an unbalanced translocation between chromosome 5. All the deletion regions overlapped with previously reported critical regions for ACC, microcephaly and seizures, indicating the recurrent nature of the core phenotypic features of 1q44 deletions. The four patients with terminal deletions of 1q exhibited severe volume loss in the brain as compared with patients who harbored interstitial deletions of 1q44. This indicated that telomeric regions have a role in severe volume loss of the brain. In addition, two patients with terminal deletions of 1q43, beyond the critical region for 1q44 deletion syndrome exhibited delayed myelination. As the deletion regions identified in these patients extended toward centromere, we conclude that the genes responsible for delayed myelination may be located in the neighboring region of 1q43.
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14
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Zaki M, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Vater I, Caliebe A, Siebert R, Kamel A, Mohamed A, Mazen I. Bladder exstrophy and extreme genital anomaly in a patient with pure terminal 1q deletion: Expansion of phenotypic spectrum. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 55:43-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Ballif BC, Rosenfeld JA, Traylor R, Theisen A, Bader PI, Ladda RL, Sell SL, Steinraths M, Surti U, McGuire M, Williams S, Farrell SA, Filiano J, Schnur RE, Coffey LB, Tervo RC, Stroud T, Marble M, Netzloff M, Hanson K, Aylsworth AS, Bamforth JS, Babu D, Niyazov DM, Ravnan JB, Schultz RA, Lamb AN, Torchia BS, Bejjani BA, Shaffer LG. High-resolution array CGH defines critical regions and candidate genes for microcephaly, abnormalities of the corpus callosum, and seizure phenotypes in patients with microdeletions of 1q43q44. Hum Genet 2011; 131:145-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-1073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Osbun N, Li J, O'Driscoll MC, Strominger Z, Wakahiro M, Rider E, Bukshpun P, Boland E, Spurrell CH, Schackwitz W, Pennacchio LA, Dobyns WB, Black GCM, Sherr EH. Genetic and functional analyses identify DISC1 as a novel callosal agenesis candidate gene. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1865-76. [PMID: 21739582 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital brain malformation that occurs in approximately 1:1,000-1:6,000 births. Several syndromes associated with AgCC have been traced to single gene mutations; however, the majority of AgCC causes remain unidentified. We investigated a mother and two children who all shared complete AgCC and a chromosomal deletion at 1q42. We fine mapped this deletion and show that it includes Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a gene implicated in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, we report a de novo chromosomal deletion at 1q42.13 to q44, which includes DISC1, in another individual with AgCC. We resequenced DISC1 in a cohort of 144 well-characterized AgCC individuals and identified 20 sequence changes, of which 4 are rare potentially pathogenic variants. Two of these variants were undetected in 768 control chromosomes. One of these is a splice site mutation at the 5' boundary of exon 11 that dramatically reduces full-length mRNA expression of DISC1, but not of shorter forms. We investigated the developmental expression of mouse DISC1 and find that it is highly expressed in the embryonic corpus callosum at a critical time for callosal formation. Taken together our results suggest a significant role for DISC1 in corpus callosum development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Osbun
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Wagner N, Guengoer E, Mau-Holzmann U, Maden Z, Hoopmann M, Abele H, Kagan K. Prenatal Diagnosis of a Fetus with Terminal Deletion of Chromosome 1 (q43) in First-Trimester Screening: Is There a Characteristic Antenatal 1q Deletion Phenotype? A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Fetal Diagn Ther 2011; 29:253-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000322421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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O'Driscoll MC, Black GCM, Clayton-Smith J, Sherr EH, Dobyns WB. Identification of genomic loci contributing to agenesis of the corpus callosum. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2145-59. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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19
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Aktas D, Utine EG, Mrasek K, Weise A, von Eggeling F, Yalaz K, Posorski N, Akarsu N, Alikasifoglu M, Liehr T, Tuncbilek E. Derivative chromosome 1 and GLUT1 deficiency syndrome in a sibling pair. Mol Cytogenet 2010; 3:10. [PMID: 20509907 PMCID: PMC2887874 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-3-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic imbalances constitute a major cause of congenital and developmental abnormalities. GLUT1 deficiency syndrome is caused by various de novo mutations in the facilitated human glucose transporter 1 gene (1p34.2) and patients with this syndrome have been diagnosed with hypoglycorrhachia, mental and developmental delay, microcephaly and seizures. Furthermore, 1q terminal deletions have been submitted in the recent reports and the absence of corpus callosum has been related to the deletion between C1orf100 and C1orf121 in 1q44. Results This study reports on a sibling pair with developmental delay, mental retardation, microcephaly, hypotonia, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism, ataxia and impaired speech. Chromosome analysis revealed a derivative chromosome 1 in both patients. FISH and MCB analysis showed two interstitial deletions at 1p34.2 and 1q44. SNP array and array-CGH analysis also determined the sizes of deletions detailed. The deleted region on 1p34.2 encompasses 33 genes, among which is GLUT1 gene (SLC2A1). However, the deleted region on 1q44 includes 59 genes and distal-proximal breakpoints were located in the ZNF672 gene and SMYD3 gene, respectively. Conclusion Haploinsufficiency of GLUT1 leads to GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, consistent with the phenotype in patients of this study. Conversely, in the deleted region on 1q44, none of the genes are related to findings in these patients. Additionally, the results confirm previous reports on that corpus callosal development may depend on the critical gene(s) lying in 1q44 proximal to the SMYD3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Aktas
- Department of Genetics, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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20
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Four patients with speech delay, seizures and variable corpus callosum thickness sharing a 0.440 Mb deletion in region 1q44 containing the HNRPU gene. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:179-85. [PMID: 20382278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Structural genome aberrations are frequently associated with highly variable congenital phenotypes involving mental retardation and developmental delay. Although some of these aberrations may result in recognizable phenotypes, a high degree of phenotypic variability often complicates a comprehensive clinical and genetic diagnosis. We describe four patients with overlapping deletions in chromosomal region 1q44, who show developmental delay, in particular of expressive speech, seizures, hypotonia, CNS anomalies, including variable thickness of the abnormal corpus callosum in three of them. High resolution oligonucleotide and SNP array-based segmental aneuploidy profiling showed that these three patients share a 0.440 Mb interstitial deletion, which does not overlap with previously published consensus regions of 1q44 deletions. Two copies of AKT3 and ZNF238, two previously proposed dosage sensitive candidate genes for microcephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum, were retained in two of our patients. The deletion shared by our patients encompassed the FAM36A, HNRPU, EFCAB2 and KIF26B genes. Since HNRPU is involved in the regulation of embryonic brain development, this represents a novel plausible candidate gene for the combination of developmental delay, speech delay, hypotonia, hypo- or agenesis of the corpus callosum, and seizures in patients with 1q44 deletions. Since only one of the two patients with deletions including the ZNF124 gene showed a vermis hypoplasia, mere hemizygosity for this gene is not sufficient to cause this anomaly. Moreover, to reconcile the variability in the corpus callosum thickness, additional mechanisms, such as unmasking of hemizygous mutations, position effects and possible interactions with other loci need consideration.
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21
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Dobyns WB, Mirzaa G, Christian SL, Petras K, Roseberry J, Clark GD, Curry CJR, McDonald-McGinn D, Medne L, Zackai E, Parsons J, Zand DJ, Hisama FM, Walsh CA, Leventer RJ, Martin CL, Gajecka M, Shaffer LG. Consistent chromosome abnormalities identify novel polymicrogyria loci in 1p36.3, 2p16.1-p23.1, 4q21.21-q22.1, 6q26-q27, and 21q2. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1637-54. [PMID: 18536050 PMCID: PMC2801020 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymicrogyria is a malformation of cortical development characterized by loss of the normal gyral pattern, which is replaced by many small and infolded gyri separated by shallow, partly fused sulci, and loss of middle cortical layers. The pathogenesis is unknown, yet emerging data supports the existence of several loci in the human genome. We report on the clinical and brain imaging features, and results of cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies in 29 patients with polymicrogyria associated with structural chromosome rearrangements. Our data map new polymicrogyria loci in chromosomes 1p36.3, 2p16.1-p23, 4q21.21-q22.1, 6q26-q27, and 21q21.3-q22.1, and possible loci in 1q44 and 18p as well. Most and possibly all of these loci demonstrate incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. We anticipate that these data will serve as the basis for ongoing efforts to identify the causal genes located in these regions.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aneuploidy
- Brain/pathology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosome Breakage
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Karyotyping
- Male
- Malformations of Cortical Development/genetics
- Malformations of Cortical Development/pathology
- Phenotype
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Dobyns
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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22
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Işik U, Başaran S, Dehgan T, Apak M. Corpus callosum agenesis in trisomy 8p11.23 and monosomy 4q34 because of maternal translocation. Pediatr Neurol 2008; 39:55-7. [PMID: 18555175 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 3-year-old boy with partial trisomy 8 p11.23-->pter and partial monosomy 4q34-->qter, associated with developmental delay, complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, and mild dysmorphic features. Although agenesis of the corpus callosum is not a rare finding among chromosomal abnormalities, partial trisomy 8p together with partial monosomy 4q, resulting from a maternal translocation, was not previously reported, to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Işik
- Acibadem Institute of Neurologic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
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23
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Chromosomal map of human brain malformations. Hum Genet 2008; 124:73-80. [PMID: 18563447 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-008-0528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of most central nervous system (CNS) malformations remains unknown. We have utilized the fact that autosomal chromosome aberrations are commonly associated with CNS malformations to identify new causative gene loci. The human cytogenetic database, a computerized catalog of the clinical phenotypes associated with cytogenetically detectable human chromosome aberrations, was used to identify patients with 14 selected brain malformations including 541 with deletions, and 290 carrying duplications. These cases were used to develop an autosomal deletion and duplication map consisting of 67 different deleted malformation associated bands (MABs) in 55 regions and 88 different duplicated MABs in 36 regions; 31 of the deleted and 8 duplicated MABs were highly significantly associated (P < 0.001). All holoprosencephaly MABs found in the database contained a known HPE gene providing some level of validation for the approach. Significantly associated MABs are discussed for each malformation together with the published data about known disease-causing genes and reported malformation-associated loci, as well as the limitations of the proposed approach.
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24
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Hiraki Y, Okamoto N, Ida T, Nakata Y, Kamada M, Kanemura Y, Yamasaki M, Fujita H, Nishimura G, Kato M, Harada N, Matsumoto N. Two new cases of pure 1q terminal deletion presenting with brain malformations. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1241-7. [PMID: 18384145 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We describe two new cases of pure 1q terminal deletions. BAC FISH analysis precisely defined the size of deletions. The first is a girl with 10.3-Mb deletion showed typical features of 1q43 deletion as well as a simplified gyral pattern, which was rarely found in 1q43 deletion. The other boy also presented with most of 1q43 deletion features but several atypical symptoms were noted including hydrocephalus, adducted thumbs, and flexion restriction of proximal interphalangeal joints in left hand. A concomitant novel missense mutation in L1CAM was identified in addition to 11.5-Mb deletion. Reviewing all the cases of pure 1q terminal deletion in the literature suggests that it is a clinically recognizable syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hiraki
- Hiroshima Municipal Center for Child Health and Development, Hiroshima, Japan.
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25
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Andrieux J, Cuvellier JC, Duban-Bedu B, Joriot-Chekaf S, Dieux-Coeslier A, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Delobel B, Vallee L. A 6.9 Mb 1qter deletion/4.4 Mb 18pter duplication in a boy with extreme microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern, vermis hypoplasia and corpus callosum agenesis. Eur J Med Genet 2007; 51:87-91. [PMID: 18053786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We here report a boy presenting with developmental delay, growth retardation, facial dysmorphisms, vermis hypoplasia, micropolygyria and corpus callosum agenesis. Conventional and high resolution cytogenetic analyses were normal but high resolution oligonucleotide array-CGH, performed at the age of 4 years, allowed the characterisation of a de novo 6.9 Mb 1qter deletion/4.4 Mb 18pter duplication. Numerous 1qter deletions have already been described associated with brain malformations. Among 1q44 deleted genes, AKT3 is the strongest candidate gene for vermis hypoplasia and corpus callosum agenesis.
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26
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Boland E, Clayton-Smith J, Woo VG, McKee S, Manson FDC, Medne L, Zackai E, Swanson EA, Fitzpatrick D, Millen KJ, Sherr EH, Dobyns WB, Black GCM. Mapping of deletion and translocation breakpoints in 1q44 implicates the serine/threonine kinase AKT3 in postnatal microcephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 81:292-303. [PMID: 17668379 PMCID: PMC1950798 DOI: 10.1086/519999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions of chromosome 1q42-q44 have been reported in a variety of developmental abnormalities of the brain, including microcephaly (MIC) and agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). Here, we describe detailed mapping studies of patients with unbalanced structural rearrangements of distal 1q4. These define a 3.5-Mb critical region extending from RP11-80B9 to RP11-241M7 that we hypothesize contains one or more genes that lead to MIC and ACC when present in only one functional copy. Next, mapping of a balanced reciprocal t(1;13)(q44;q32) translocation in a patient with postnatal MIC and ACC demonstrated a breakpoint within this region that is situated 20 kb upstream of AKT3, a serine-threonine kinase. The murine orthologue Akt3 is required for the developmental regulation of normal brain size and callosal development. Whereas sequencing of AKT3 in a panel of 45 patients with ACC did not demonstrate any pathogenic variations, whole-mount in situ hybridization confirmed expression of Akt3 in the developing central nervous system during mouse embryogenesis. AKT3 represents an excellent candidate for developmental human MIC and ACC, and we suggest that haploinsufficiency causes both postnatal MIC and ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boland
- Academic Unit of Medical Genetics and Regional Genetic Service, St. Mary's Hospital, and Centre for Molecular Medicine, The University of Manchester, M13 0JH, UK
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27
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Rice GM, Qi Z, Selzer R, Richmond T, Thompson K, Pauli RM, Yu J. Microdissection-based high-resolution genomic array analysis of two patients with cytogenetically identical interstitial deletions of chromosome 1q but distinct clinical phenotypes. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 140:1637-43. [PMID: 16835927 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We describe two boys with cytogenetically identical interstitial deletions in the q42.11-q42.13 region of the long arm of chromosome 1 detected by high-resolution G-banding analysis. These children share some phenotypic features but also exhibit distinct morphologic differences. We further characterized the deletions using a new technical strategy--microdissection-based high-resolution genomic array (MHGA) analysis--to define the breakpoints, genomic sizes, and gene contents of the deletions. This showed that the patients had distinguishable deletions that were adjacent but did not overlap, thus explaining the observed phenotypic differences. These results were surprising because we expected at least some degree of overlap to explain the features that were shared. MHGA can quickly give precise and detailed information about any rearrangement in the genome using as little material as a single cell. This novel strategy provides unique advantages for both clinical diagnosis and genomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Rice
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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28
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Hill AD, Chang BS, Hill RS, Garraway LA, Bodell A, Sellers WR, Walsh CA. A 2-Mb critical region implicated in the microcephaly associated with terminal 1q deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:1692-8. [PMID: 17603806 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Patients with distal deletions of chromosome 1q have a recognizable syndrome that includes microcephaly, hypoplasia or agenesis of the corpus callosum, and psychomotor retardation. Although these symptoms have been attributed to deletions of 1q42-1q44, the minimal chromosomal region involved has not been identified. Using microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we have mapped the deleted regions in seven patients with terminal deletions of chromosome 1q to define a 2.0-Mb microcephaly critical region including the 1q43-1q44 boundary and no more than 11 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Hill
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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29
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Poot M, Kroes HY, V D Wijst SE, Eleveld MJ, Rooms L, Nievelstein RAJ, Olde Weghuis D, Vreuls RC, Hageman G, Kooy F, Hochstenbach R. Dandy-Walker complex in a boy with a 5 Mb deletion of region 1q44 due to a paternal t(1;20)(q44;q13.33). Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:1038-44. [PMID: 17431901 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old boy with vermis hypoplasia, dilatation of the fourth ventricle, enlarged cisterna magna and aplasia of the corpus callosum, consistent with the Dandy-Walker complex (DWC), and slight facial dysmorphisms, severe motor and mental retardation is presented. By combining data obtained by karyotyping, array-CGH, FISH, and multiplex ligation-mediated probe amplification (MLPA) we identified a 5 Mb deletion of the 1q44 --> qter region resulting from a paternal t(1;20)(q44;q13.33). This smallest 1q44 deletion reported so far, enabled us to significantly narrow down the number of candidate genes for the DWC in this region. Since the ZNF124 transcription factor is strongly expressed in the fetal brain it may represent a candidate gene for the DWC at 1q44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Poot
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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30
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Merritt JL, Zou Y, Jalal SM, Michels VV. Delineation of the cryptic 1qter deletion phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:599-603. [PMID: 17304549 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The 1qter microdeletion is often reported in the literature as a part of a complex chromosome rearrangement. We describe a patient with a normal initial cytogenetic analysis later found by subtelomeric FISH to have a de novo isolated 1qter microdeletion. Further characterization was completed through microarray comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and specific bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) to a region of 5.2-5.3 Mbp. Six additional cases were reviewed from a literature search. While no particular feature is specifically unique, the most frequently associated features include short stature, developmental delay and mental retardation, microcephaly, seizures, abnormal corpus callosum, and abnormal ear shape. This further delineates the phenotype and further narrows the chromosomal region responsible for a 1qter microdeletion phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lawrence Merritt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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31
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Slavotinek AM, Moshrefi A, Davis R, Leeth E, Schaeffer GB, Burchard GE, Shaw GM, James B, Ptacek L, Pennacchio LA. Array comparative genomic hybridization in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: mapping of four CDH-critical regions and sequencing of candidate genes at 15q26.1–15q26.2. Eur J Hum Genet 2006; 14:999-1008. [PMID: 16736036 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect with a high mortality and morbidity. There have been few studies that have assessed copy number changes in CDH. We present array comparative genomic hybridization data for 29 CDH patients to identify and map chromosome aberrations in this disease. Three patients with 15q26.1-15q26.2 deletions had heterogeneous breakpoints that overlapped with the critical 4 Mb region previously delineated for CDH, confirming 15q26.1-15q26.2 as a critical region for CDH. The three other most compelling CDH-critical regions for genomic deletions based on these data and a literature review are located at chromosomes 8p23.1, 4p16.3-4pter, and 1q41-1q42.1. Based on these recurrent deletions at 15q26.1-15q26.2, we hypothesized that loss-of-function mutations in a gene or genes from this region could cause CDH and sequenced six candidate genes from this region in more than 100 patients with CDH. For three of these genes (CHD2, ARRDC4, and RGMA), we identified missense changes and that were not identified in normal controls; however, none of these alterations appeared unambiguously causal with CDH. These data suggest that CDH caused by chromosome deletions at 15q26.2 may arise because of a contiguous gene deletion syndrome or may have a multifactorial etiology. In addition, there is evidence for substantial genetic heterogeneity in CDH and diaphragmatic hernias can be non-penetrant in patients who have deletions involving CDH-critical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Slavotinek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, Room U585P, 533 Parnassus St, San Francisco, CA 94143-0748, USA.
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32
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Kanemoto N, Horigome H, Nakayama J, Ichida F, Xing Y, Buonadonna AL, Kanemoto K, Gentile M. Interstitial 1q43-q43 deletion with left ventricular noncompaction myocardium. Eur J Med Genet 2006; 49:247-53. [PMID: 16762826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a newborn infant with del(1)(q) syndrome, presenting with rare congenital cardiomyopathy and left ventricular noncompaction myocardium (LVNC), as well as typical clinical features such as facial dysmorphism and psychomotor retardation. Although conventional chromosome banding at 850 bands per haploid set indicated a karyotype of 46,XX,add(1)(q42.3), FISH analysis confirmed that the deleted portion was limited to within q43, and q44 was preserved. Therefore, the chromosome constitution is 46,XX,del(1)(q43q43), which has not previously been reported in the literature. Screening for the mutations in the candidate genes for LVNC, i.e. G4.5, CSX, Dystrobrevin, FKBP12, and Desmin, produced negative results. Interestingly, the deleted portion includes the locus for the cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 gene (RyR2), that selectively binds to the FKBP12 homolog, FKBP12.6. The relationship between this rare myocardial abnormality and deletion of q43 is currently unknown and awaits further accumulation of cases with the same chromosomal aberration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Kanemoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Ibaraki Seinan Medical Center Hospital, Sakai 2190, Sashima 306-0433, Ibaraki, Japan.
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33
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Kalfa TA, Zimmerman SA, Goodman BK, McDonald MT, Ware RE. Pelger-Huët anomaly in a child with 1q42.3-44 deletion. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006; 46:645-8. [PMID: 16007606 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.20504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Congenital Pelger-Huët anomaly (PHA) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypolobulated neutrophils with coarse clumping of the nuclear chromatin. PHA has been recently linked to the gene encoding the lamin B receptor, located at chromosome 1q41-43. The authors report a case of PHA in a child with interstitial deletion of the 1q subtelomeric region (1q42.3-44), providing supportive evidence to this linkage. All neutrophils in the peripheral blood smear had the characteristic unsegmented or bilobed appearance. Additional features in this child included failure to thrive, developmental delay, cleft palate, seizure disorder, and dysmorphic facial features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodosia A Kalfa
- Hematology-Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
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Bedeschi MF, Bonaglia MC, Grasso R, Pellegri A, Garghentino RR, Battaglia MA, Panarisi AM, Di Rocco M, Balottin U, Bresolin N, Bassi MT, Borgatti R. Agenesis of the corpus callosum: clinical and genetic study in 63 young patients. Pediatr Neurol 2006; 34:186-93. [PMID: 16504787 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Revised: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 08/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the clinical features of 63 patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum who received in-depth genetic, clinical, and laboratory testing with the aim to contribute to a better description of the large spectrum of associated malformations and to assist clinicians in the diagnosis. Thirty patients manifested complete agenesis and 33 patients displayed partial agenesis. Other associated nervous system malformations were detected in 14 patients with partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (mostly correlated to posterior fossa malformations) and in 10 patients with complete agenesis (more frequently associated with malformations of cortical development). Involvement of organs and apparatus other than the nervous system was present in 41 patients (ascribed to known syndromes in 21 cases). Cytogenetically detectable chromosomal abnormalities (7 patients) and subtelomeric rearrangements (3 patients) were found. Neuromotor skills were impaired in almost all cases (58/63). Mental retardation of different severity was present in 52 cases, whereas 2 patients were borderline and 9 patients had normal intelligence quotient. This study demonstrates that there is no unique prognosis for agenesis of the corpus callosum as this condition is associated with a broad range of clinical manifestations, oscillating between the limits of the norm and severe psychomotor delay.
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van Bever Y, Rooms L, Laridon A, Reyniers E, van Luijk R, Scheers S, Wauters J, Kooy RF. Clinical report of a pure subtelomeric 1qter deletion in a boy with mental retardation and multiple anomalies adds further evidence for a specific phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 135:91-5. [PMID: 15822126 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Deletions of the 1q telomere have been reported in several studies screening for subtelomeric rearrangements. However, an adequate clinical description is available from only a few patients. We provide a clinical description of a patient with a subtelomeric deletion of chromosome 1q, previously detected by us in a screening study. Comparison of the clinical presentation of our patient with rare cases reported previously provides further evidence for a specific phenotype of 1q patients, including mental retardation, growth retardation, sometimes with prenatal onset, progressive microcephaly, seizures, hand and foot abnormalities and a variety of midline defects, including corpus callosum, cardiac, genital and gastro-esophageal abnormalities. This clinical presentation is reminiscent of that of patients with larger, microscopically visible deletions of chromosome 1q (>3 Mb) characterized by growth and mental retardation, coarse faces with thin upper lip, epilepsy, and variable other anomalies. In addition, the breakpoint region was mapped to a 26 kb region within the RGS7 gene. Among the 17 known genes in the candidate region, are zinc-finger genes. Other members of this gene family have been implicated in different forms of mental retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolande van Bever
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Puthuran MJ, Rowland-Hill CA, Simpson J, Pairaudeau PW, Mabbott JL, Morris SM, Crow YJ. Chromosome 1q42 deletion and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 138:68-9. [PMID: 16097003 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liehr T, Heller A, Eichhorn KH, Beensen V, Schulze E, Starke H, Claussen U, Schreyer I. Inherited cryptic chromosomal aberrations may be more easily detected in their balanced forms: a case report with hidden der(1)t(1;17)(q44;p13.2). Prenat Diagn 2004; 24:1022-4. [PMID: 15614895 DOI: 10.1002/pd.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Roberts AE, Cox GF, Kimonis V, Lamb A, Irons M. Clinical presentation of 13 patients with subtelomeric rearrangements and a review of the literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 128A:352-63. [PMID: 15264280 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
To re-examine the potential clinical indications for subtelomeric FISH testing and to provide additional cases to the growing literature on subtelomeric abnormalities and their genotype-phenotype correlations, we present a single center case series of 13 patients with chromosomal abnormalities detected by subtelomeric FISH testing over a 21 month period. The most common abnormality involved chromosome 1p (23%). Partial monosomy was present in 69% of the patients, complex rearrangements in 23%, and partial trisomy in 8%. The mean time from first normal karyotype to positive subtelomeric FISH result was 3.8 years (n = 11, median 3.5 years, range: 6 months-10 years). One patient had an abnormal high resolution karyotype recognized retrospectively, and two other patients had abnormal karyotypes that were fully deciphered only after subtelomeric FISH analysis. Eighty five percent of cases occurred de novo. The subtelomeric FISH results were useful for adjusting the recurrence risks and helping to focus medical screening and monitoring. The results impacted family planning and satisfied families in search of a diagnosis. Our findings support the use of subtelomeric FISH analysis as a second tier test in patients suspected of having a chromosomal abnormality with a normal karyotype. Potential benefits of subtelomeric FISH testing include faster time to diagnosis, better informed patient prognosis, and more accurate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Roberts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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