1
|
Himmelreich N, Blau N, Thöny B. Molecular and metabolic bases of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4) deficiencies. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:123-136. [PMID: 33903016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency is caused by genetic variants in the three genes involved in de novo cofactor biosynthesis, GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH/GCH1), 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS/PTS), sepiapterin reductase (SR/SPR), and the two genes involved in cofactor recycling, carbinolamine-4α-dehydratase (PCD/PCBD1) and dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR/QDPR). Dysfunction in BH4 metabolism leads to reduced cofactor levels and may result in systemic hyperphenylalaninemia and/or neurological sequelae due to secondary deficiency in monoamine neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. More than 1100 patients with BH4 deficiency and 800 different allelic variants distributed throughout the individual genes are tabulated in database of pediatric neurotransmitter disorders PNDdb. Here we provide an update on the molecular-genetic analysis and structural considerations of these variants, including the clinical courses of the genotypes. From a total of 324 alleles, 11 are associated with the autosomal recessive form of GTPCH deficiency presenting with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) and neurotransmitter deficiency, 295 GCH1 variant alleles are detected in the dominant form of L-dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD or Segawa disease) while phenotypes of 18 alleles remained undefined. Autosomal recessive variants observed in the PTS (199 variants), PCBD1 (32 variants), and QDPR (141 variants) genes lead to HPA concomitant with central monoamine neurotransmitter deficiency, while SPR deficiency (104 variants) presents without hyperphenylalaninemia. The clinical impact of reported variants is essential for genetic counseling and important for development of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nastassja Himmelreich
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Dietmar-Hopp Metabolic Center, Division 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ezan J, Moreau MM, Mamo TM, Shimbo M, Decroo M, Richter M, Peyroutou R, Rachel R, Tissir F, de Anda FC, Sans N, Montcouquiol M. Early loss of Scribble affects cortical development, interhemispheric connectivity and psychomotor activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9106. [PMID: 33907211 PMCID: PMC8079449 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders arise from combined defects in processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and commissure formation. The evolutionarily conserved tumor-suppressor protein Scribble (Scrib) serves as a nexus to transduce signals for the establishment of apicobasal and planar cell polarity during these processes. Human SCRIB gene mutations are associated with neural tube defects and this gene is located in the minimal critical region deleted in the rare Verheij syndrome. In this study, we generated brain-specific conditional cKO mouse mutants and assessed the impact of the Scrib deletion on brain morphogenesis and behavior. We showed that embryonic deletion of Scrib in the telencephalon leads to cortical thickness reduction (microcephaly) and partial corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure agenesis. We correlated these phenotypes with a disruption in various developmental mechanisms of corticogenesis including neurogenesis, neuronal migration and axonal connectivity. Finally, we show that Scrib cKO mice have psychomotor deficits such as locomotor activity impairment and memory alterations. Altogether, our results show that Scrib is essential for early brain development due to its role in several developmental cellular mechanisms that could underlie some of the deficits observed in complex neurodevelopmental pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ezan
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Maité M Moreau
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tamrat M Mamo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Miki Shimbo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maureen Decroo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Melanie Richter
- Germany Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Research Group Neuronal Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronan Peyroutou
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rivka Rachel
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Fadel Tissir
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, Box B1.73.16, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Froylan Calderon de Anda
- Germany Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Research Group Neuronal Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Sans
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mireille Montcouquiol
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the genetic basis for a child with ocular anomaly, microcephaly, growth retardation and intrauterine growth restriction. METHODS The patient underwent ophthalmologic examinations including anterior segment photography, fundus color photography, and fundus fluorescein angiography. The patient and her parents were subjected to whole exome sequencing. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS The patient was found to have bilateral persistent pupillary membrane and coloboma of inferior iris, in addition with macular dysplasia and radial pigmentation near the hemal arch of the temporal retina. She was found to have carried compound heterozygous missense variants of the PHGDH gene, namely c.196G>A and c.1177G>A, which were respectively inherited from her father and mother. Bioinformatic analysis suggested both variants to be pathogenic. CONCLUSION The patient was diagnosed with phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency. Above finding has enriched the phenotypic spectrum of the disease with ocular manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 640041, China. lufang@wchscu. cn
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alsaif HS, Khashab HYEL, Alkuraya FS. Two further cases of polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy syndrome, caused by a truncating variant in STRADA. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:604-607. [PMID: 33247513 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hessa S Alsaif
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Youssef E L Khashab
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Goshima Y, Ohshima T. Loss of Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 4 Attenuates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Impairments in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2286-2301. [PMID: 32648145 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03086-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired motor symptoms induced by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Many factors are speculated to operate in the mechanism of PD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal protein handling, and PD induced apoptosis. Besides, researchers have recently shown that inflammatory secretions may engage neighboring cells such as astrocytes, which then induce autocrine and paracrine responses that amplify the inflammation, leading to neurodegeneration. In the present study, we analyzed the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) deletion in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-injected male mice, as well as its effects on motor impairments. Our findings indicated that the deletion of CRMP4 could maintain the TH-positive fibers in the striatum and the TH-positive cells in SNc, attenuate the inflammatory responses, and improve motor coordination and rotational behavior. Furthermore, based on our findings at the early time points, we hypothesized that primary differences between the Crmp4+/+ and Crmp4-/- mice may occur in microglia instead of neurons. Although further work should be carried out to clarify the specific role of CRMP4 in the pathogenesis of PD, our findings suggest that it could be a possible target for the treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho Shinjukuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho Shinjukuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schwarz JM, Pedrazza L, Stenzel W, Rosa JL, Schuelke M, Straussberg R. A new homozygous HERC1 gain-of-function variant in MDFPMR syndrome leads to mTORC1 hyperactivation and reduced autophagy during cell catabolism. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:126-134. [PMID: 32921582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The giant 532 kDa HERC1 protein is a ubiquitin ligase that interacts with tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 2 (TSC2), a negative upstream regulator of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). TSC2 regulates anabolic cell growth through its influence on protein synthesis, cell growth, proliferation, autophagy, and differentiation. TSC subunit 1 (TSC1) stabilizes TSC2 by inhibiting the interaction between TSC2 and HERC1, forming a TSC1-TSC2 complex that negatively regulates mTORC1. HERC1-TSC2 interaction destabilizes and degrades TSC2. Recessive mutations in HERC1 have been reported in patients with intellectual disability. Some patients exhibit epilepsy, macrocephaly, somatic overgrowth, and dysmorphic facial features as well. Here we describe two sisters from a consanguineous marriage with a novel homozygous missense variant in the C-terminal HECT domain of HERC1 [chr15:g63,907,989C>G GRCh37.p11 | c.14,072G>C NM_003922 | p.(Arg4,691Pro)]. Symptoms compris global developmental delay, macrocephaly, somatic overgrowth, intellectual disability, seizures, schizoaffective disorder, and pyramidal tract signs. We functionally assessed the HERC1 mutation by investigation of patient and control fibroblasts under normal and nutrient starving conditions. During catabolic state, mTORC1 activity remained high in patient fibroblasts, which stands in stark contrast to its downregulation in controls. This was corroborated by an abnormally high phosphorylation of S6K1-kinase, a direct downstream target of mTORC1, in patients. Moreover, autophagy, usually enhanced in catabolic states, was down-regulated in patient fibroblasts. These data confirm that the missense variant found in both patients results in a gain-of-function for the mutant HERC1 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Marie Schwarz
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Leonardo Pedrazza
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut d'Investigació de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut d'Investigació de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Markus Schuelke
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Department of Child Neurology, Neurogenetic Service, Affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Varner MW, Costantine MM, Jablonski KA, Rouse DJ, Mercer BM, Leveno KJ, Reddy UM, Buhimschi C, Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y, Thorp JM, Ramin SM, Malone FD, Carpenter M, O’sullivan MJ, Peaceman AM, Dudley DJ, Caritis SN. Sex-Specific Genetic Susceptibility to Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Offspring of Pregnancies at Risk of Early Preterm Delivery. Am J Perinatol 2020; 37:281-290. [PMID: 30731481 PMCID: PMC6685763 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1678535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate sex-specific genetic susceptibility to adverse neurodevelopmental outcome (ANO, defined as cerebral palsy [CP], mental, or psychomotor delay) at risk for early preterm birth (EPTB, < 32 weeks). STUDY DESIGN Secondary case-control analysis of a trial of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) before anticipated EPTB for CP prevention. Cases are infants who died by the age of 1 year or developed ANO. Controls, matched by maternal race and infant sex, were neurodevelopmentally normal survivors. Neonatal DNA was evaluated for 80 polymorphisms in inflammation, coagulation, vasoregulation, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress pathways using Taqman assays. The primary outcome for this analysis was sex-specific ANO susceptibility. Conditional logistic regression estimated each polymorphism's odds ratio (OR) by sex stratum, adjusting for gestational age, maternal education, and MgSO4-corticosteroid exposures. Holm-Bonferroni corrections, adjusting for multiple comparisons (p < 7.3 × 10-4), accounted for linkage disequilibrium between markers. RESULTS Analysis included 211 cases (134 males; 77 females) and 213 controls (130 males; 83 females). An interleukin-6 (IL6) polymorphism (rs2069840) was associated with ANO in females (OR: 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-4.7; p = 0.001), but not in males (OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.5-1.2; p = 0.33). The sex-specific effect difference was significant (p = 7.0 × 10-4) and was unaffected by MgSO4 exposure. No other gene-sex associations were significant. CONCLUSION An IL6 gene locus may confer susceptibility to ANO in females, but not males, after EPTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Varner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Maged M. Costantine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Kathleen A. Jablonski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George
Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, Disctrict of Columbia
| | - Dwight J. Rouse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Brian M. Mercer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MetroHealth
Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenneth J. Leveno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Uma M. Reddy
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health
and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catalin Buhimschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ronald J. Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson
University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel
University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoram Sorokin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State
University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - John M. Thorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Susan M. Ramin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Fergal D. Malone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia
University, New York, New York
| | - Marshall Carpenter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown
University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Mary J. O’sullivan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alan M. Peaceman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern
University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Donald J. Dudley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Steve N. Caritis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial disorders are heterogeneous clinical syndromes caused by defective activity in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, resulting in a faulty oxidative phosphorylation system. These inherited disorders are individually rare, and furthermore they are phenotypic variables. The genetically characterized mitochondrial disorders are rarely associated with epileptic encephalopathies.Case presentation: We present the clinical phenotype, biochemical analysis, and electrographic and neuro-radiological features of a 5-month-old girl with epileptic encephalopathy, microcephaly, severe psychomotor delay, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and abnormal MRI scan. Using whole-genome sequencing technique, compound heterozygous mutations of the VARS2 gene were revealed, with one previously unreported frameshift mutation.Conclusion: Our report extends the phenotypic spectrum of VARS2-related disorders with an initial presentation of epileptic encephalopathy and early death due to malignant arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Ruzman
- Child Neurology and Child Psychiatry Department, Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolic
- Child Neurology and Child Psychiatry Department, Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jelena Radic Nisevic
- Child Neurology and Child Psychiatry Department, Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- University of Rijeka, School of Medicine Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | | | - Igor Prpic
- Child Neurology and Child Psychiatry Department, Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- University of Rijeka, School of Medicine Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- CONTACT Igor Prpic Child Neurology and Child Psychiatry Department, Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Istarska 43, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen TF, Chen KW, Chien Y, Lai YH, Hsieh ST, Ma HY, Wang KC, Shiau CY. Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Factors Alleviate Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Neuroinflammation and Ischemic Neurological Deficits. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153747. [PMID: 31370244 PMCID: PMC6695587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), characterized by the extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space caused by an intracranial aneurysm rupture, may lead to neurocognitive impairments and permanent disability and usually carries poor outcome. Dental or gingiva-derived stem cells have been shown to contribute to immune modulation and neuroregeneration, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) secrete certain factor(s) that can ameliorate the neural damage and other manifestations in a rat aSAH model. Twenty-four hours after the induction of aSAH, microthrombosis, cortical vasoconstriction, and the decrease in microcirculation and tissue oxygen pressure were detected. Intrathecal administration of DPSC-derived conditioned media (DPSC-CM) ameliorated aSAH-induced vasoconstriction, neuroinflammation, and improved the oxygenation in the injured brain. Rotarod test revealed that the aSAH-induced cognitive and motor impairments were significantly improved by this DPSC-CM administration. Cytokine array indicated the major constituent of DPSC-CM was predominantly insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Immunohistochemistry staining of injured brain tissue revealed the robust increase in Iba1-positive cells that were also ameliorated by DPSC-CM administration. Antibody-mediated neutralization of IGF-1 moderately deteriorated the rescuing effect of DPSC-CM on microcirculation, Iba1-positive cells in the injured brain area, and the cognitive/motor impairments. Taken together, the DPSC-derived secretory factors showed prominent therapeutic potential for aSAH. This therapeutic efficacy may include improvement of microcirculation, alleviation of neuroinflammation, and microglial activation; partially through IGF-1-dependent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te-Fu Chen
- Department of surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Non-invasive Cancer Therapy Research Institute - Taiwan, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-We Chen
- Department of surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsiu Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 102, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kou-Chung Wang
- Department of surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yang Shiau
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tochigi Y, Takamatsu Y, Nakane J, Nakai R, Katayama K, Suzuki H. Loss of Wwox Causes Defective Development of Cerebral Cortex with Hypomyelination in a Rat Model of Lethal Dwarfism with Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143596. [PMID: 31340538 PMCID: PMC6678113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (Wwox) is a putative tumor suppressor. Several germline mutations of Wwox have been associated with infant neurological disorders characterized by epilepsy, growth retardation, and early death. Less is known, however, about the pathological link between Wwox mutations and these disorders or the physiological role of Wwox in brain development. In this study, we examined age-related expression and histological localization of Wwox in forebrains as well as the effects of loss of function mutations in the Wwox gene in the immature cortex of a rat model of lethal dwarfism with epilepsy (lde/lde). Immunostaining revealed that Wwox is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. lde/lde cortices were characterized by a reduction in neurite growth without a reduced number of neurons, severe reduction in myelination with a reduced number of mature oligodendrocytes, and a reduction in cell populations of astrocytes and microglia. These results indicate that Wwox is essential for normal development of neurons and glial cells in the cerebral cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tochigi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takamatsu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Jun Nakane
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Rika Nakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Kentaro Katayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroetsu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim BR, Han JH, Shin JE, Park MS, Park KI, Namgung R, Lee HJ, Lee JS, Eun HS. Genitopatellar Syndrome Secondary to De Novo KAT6B Mutation: The First Genetically Confirmed Case in South Korea. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:395-398. [PMID: 30900427 PMCID: PMC6433568 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genitopatellar syndrome (GPS) is a rare disorder characterized by patellar hypoplasia, flexion contractures of the lower limbs, psychomotor retardation and genital and renal anomalies. We report the case of a female infant diagnosed with GPS to a KAT6B gene mutation, which was identified using whole exome sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byuh Ree Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Han
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Park
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ran Namgung
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sung Lee
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Sun Eun
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rodan LH, Qi W, Ducker GS, Demirbas D, Laine R, Yang E, Walker MA, Eichler F, Rabinowitz JD, Anselm I, Berry GT. 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase deficiency causes a neurometabolic disorder associated with microcephaly, epilepsy, and cerebral hypomyelination. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:118-126. [PMID: 30031689 PMCID: PMC6557438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Folate metabolism in the brain is critically important and serves a number of vital roles in nucleotide synthesis, single carbon metabolism/methylation, amino acid metabolism, and mitochondrial translation. Genetic defects in almost every enzyme of folate metabolism have been reported to date, and most have neurological sequelae. We report 2 patients presenting with a neurometabolic disorder associated with biallelic variants in the MTHFS gene, encoding 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. Both patients presented with microcephaly, short stature, severe global developmental delay, progressive spasticity, epilepsy, and cerebral hypomyelination. Baseline CSF 5-methyltetrahydrolate (5-MTHF) levels were in the low-normal range. The first patient was treated with folinic acid, which resulted in worsening cerebral folate deficiency. Treatment in this patient with a combination of oral L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate and intramuscular methylcobalamin was able to increase CSF 5-MTHF levels, was well tolerated over a 4 month period, and resulted in subjective mild improvements in functioning. Measurement of MTHFS enzyme activity in fibroblasts confirmed reduced activity. The direct substrate of the MTHFS reaction, 5-formyl-THF, was elevated 30-fold in patient fibroblasts compared to control, supporting the hypothesis that the pathophysiology of this disorder is a manifestation of toxicity from this metabolite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lance H Rodan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Wanshu Qi
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory S Ducker
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Didem Demirbas
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina Laine
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Yang
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa A Walker
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian Eichler
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Irina Anselm
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerard T Berry
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Breuss MW, Nguyen A, Song Q, Nguyen T, Stanley V, James KN, Musaev D, Chai G, Wirth SA, Anzenberg P, George RD, Johansen A, Ali S, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Sultan T, Zaki MS, Gleeson JG. Mutations in LNPK, Encoding the Endoplasmic Reticulum Junction Stabilizer Lunapark, Cause a Recessive Neurodevelopmental Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:296-304. [PMID: 30032983 PMCID: PMC6080764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic shape of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a reflection of its wide variety of critical cell biological functions. Consequently, perturbation of ER-shaping proteins can cause a range of human phenotypes. Here, we describe three affected children (from two consanguineous families) who carry homozygous loss-of-function mutations in LNPK (previously known as KIAA1715); this gene encodes lunapark, which is proposed to serve as a curvature-stabilizing protein within tubular three-way junctions of the ER. All individuals presented with severe psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, epilepsy, and corpus callosum hypoplasia, and two of three showed mild cerebellar hypoplasia and atrophy. Consistent with a proposed role in neurodevelopmental disease, LNPK was expressed during brain development in humans and mice and was present in neurite-like processes in differentiating human neural progenitor cells. Affected cells showed the absence of full-length lunapark, aberrant ER structures, and increased luminal mass density. Together, our results implicate the ER junction stabilizer lunapark in establishing the corpus callosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin W Breuss
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - An Nguyen
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Qiong Song
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Thai Nguyen
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Kiely N James
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Damir Musaev
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Guoliang Chai
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Sara A Wirth
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Paula Anzenberg
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Renee D George
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Anide Johansen
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA
| | - Shaila Ali
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tipu Sultan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12311, Egypt
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92025, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang F, Shi XY, Liu LY, Liu YT, Zou LP. [Psychomotor retardation with neutropenia for more than one year in a toddler]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2018; 20:497-500. [PMID: 29972126 PMCID: PMC7389942 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A boy was admitted at the age of 17 months. He had psychomotor retardation in early infancy. Physical examination revealed microcephalus, unusual facies, and a single palmar crease on his right hand, as well as muscle hypotonia in the extremities and hyperextension of the bilateral shoulder and hip joints. Genetic detection identified two pathogenic compound heterozygous mutations, c.8868-1G>A (splicing) and c.11624_11625del (p.V3875Afs*10), in the VPS13B gene, and thus the boy was diagnosed with Cohen syndrome. Cohen syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by the VPS13B gene mutations and has complex clinical manifestations. Its clinical features include microcephalus, unusual facies, neutropenia, and joint hyperextension. VPS13B gene detection helps to make a confirmed diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Evliyaoğlu O, Ercan O, Ataloğlu E, Zübarioğlu Ü, Özcabı B, Dağdeviren A, Erdoğan H, De Franco E, Ellard S. Neonatal Diabetes: Two Cases with Isolated Pancreas Agenesis due to Homozygous PTF1A Enhancer Mutations and One with Developmental Delay, Epilepsy, and Neonatal Diabetes Syndrome due to KCNJ11 Mutation. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018; 10:168-174. [PMID: 28943513 PMCID: PMC5985387 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.5162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare form of monogenic diabetes which is diagnosed in the first six months of life. Here we report three patients with neonatal diabetes; two with isolated pancreas agenesis due to mutations in the pancreas-specific transcription factor 1A (PTF1A) enhancer and one with developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes (DEND) syndrome, due to a KCNJ11 mutation. The two cases with mutations in the distal enhancer of PTF1A had a homozygous g.23508363A>G and a homozygous g.23508437A>G mutation respectively. Previous functional analyses showed that these mutations can decrease expression of PTF1A which is involved in pancreas development. Both patients were born small for gestational age to consanguineous parents. Both were treated with insulin and pancreatic enzymes. One of these patients’ fathers was also homozygous for the PTF1A mutation, whilst his partner and the parents of the other patient were heterozygous carriers. In the case with DEND sydrome, a previosly reported heterozygous KCNJ11 mutation, p.Cys166Tyr (c.497G>A), was identified. This patient was born to nonconsanguineous parents with normal birth weight. The majority of neonatal diabetes patients with KCNJ11 mutations will respond to sulphonylurea treatment. Therefore Glibenclamide, an oral antidiabetic of the sulphonylurea group, was started. This treatment regimen relatively improved blood glucose levels and neurological symptoms in the short term. Because we could not follow the patient in the long term, we are not able to draw conclusions about the efficacy of the treatment. Although neonatal diabetes mellitus can be diagnosed clinically, genetic analysis is important since it is a guide for the treatment and for prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olcay Evliyaoğlu
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Ercan
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Ataloğlu
- University of Health Science, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Newborn Intensive Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ümit Zübarioğlu
- Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Newborn Intensive Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Özcabı
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aydilek Dağdeviren
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Erdoğan
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elisa De Franco
- University of Exeter Medical School, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Ellard
- University of Exeter Medical School, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Exeter, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sowińska-Seidler A, Olech EM, Socha M, Larysz D, Jamsheer A. Novel 1q22-q23.1 duplication in a patient with lambdoid and metopic craniosynostosis, muscular hypotonia, and psychomotor retardation. J Appl Genet 2018; 59:281-289. [PMID: 29845577 PMCID: PMC6060980 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis (CS) refers to the group of craniofacial malformations characterized by the premature closure of one or more cranial sutures. The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and occurs usually as an isolated trait, but can also be syndromic. In 30-60% of patients, CS is caused by known genetic factors; however, in the rest of the cases, causative molecular lesions remain unknown. In this paper, we report on a sporadic male patient affected by complex CS (metopic and unilateral lambdoid synostosis), muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and facial dysmorphism. Since a subset of CS results from submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations, we performed array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) in order to identify possibly causative copy-number variation. Array CGH followed by breakpoint sequencing revealed a previously unreported de novo 1.26 Mb duplication at chromosome 1q22-q23.1 that encompassed two genes involved in osteoblast differentiation: BGLAP, encoding osteocalcin (OCN), and LMNA, encoding lamin A/C. OCN is a major component of bone extracellular matrix and a marker of osteogenesis, whereas mutations in LMNA cause several genetic disorders called laminopathies, including mandibuloacral dysostosis (MAD) that manifests with low bone mass, severe bone deformities, and delayed closure of the cranial sutures. Since LMNA and BGLAP overexpression promote osteoblast differentiation and calcification, phenotype of our patient may result from misexpression of the genes. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that both LMNA and BGLAP may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CS in humans. However, further studies are needed to establish the exact pathomechanism underlying development of this defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sowińska-Seidler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina M Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dawid Larysz
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Maria Skłodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhattacherjee A, Winter MK, Eggimann LS, Mu Y, Gunewardena S, Liao Z, Christianson JA, Smith PG. Motor, Somatosensory, Viscerosensory and Metabolic Impairments in a Heterozygous Female Rat Model of Rett Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010097. [PMID: 29286317 PMCID: PMC5796047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rett Syndrome (RTT), an autism-related disorder caused by mutation of the X-linked Methyl CpG-binding Protein 2 (MECP2) gene, is characterized by severe cognitive and intellectual deficits. While cognitive deficits are well-documented in humans and rodent models, impairments of sensory, motor and metabolic functions also occur but remain poorly understood. To better understand non-cognitive deficits in RTT, we studied female rats heterozygous for Mecp2 mutation (Mecp2−/x); unlike commonly used male Mecp2−/y rodent models, this more closely approximates human RTT where males rarely survive. Mecp2−/x rats showed rapid, progressive decline of motor coordination through six months of age as assessed by rotarod performance, accompanied by deficits in gait and posture. Mecp2−/x rats were hyper-responsive to noxious pressure and cold, but showed visceral hyposensitivity when tested by colorectal distension. Mecp2−/x rats ate less, drank more, and had more body fat resulting in increased weight gain. Our findings reveal an array of progressive non-cognitive deficits in this rat model that are likely to contribute to the compromised quality of life that characterizes RTT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Bhattacherjee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Michelle K Winter
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Linda S Eggimann
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Ying Mu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Zhaohui Liao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Julie A Christianson
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Peter G Smith
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vatine GD, Al-Ahmad A, Barriga BK, Svendsen S, Salim A, Garcia L, Garcia VJ, Ho R, Yucer N, Qian T, Lim RG, Wu J, Thompson LM, Spivia WR, Chen Z, Van Eyk J, Palecek SP, Refetoff S, Shusta EV, Svendsen CN. Modeling Psychomotor Retardation using iPSCs from MCT8-Deficient Patients Indicates a Prominent Role for the Blood-Brain Barrier. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:831-843.e5. [PMID: 28526555 PMCID: PMC6659720 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in the thyroid hormone (TH) transporter Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) cause severe psychomotor retardation in children. Animal models do not reflect the biology of the human disease. Using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), we generated MCT8-deficient neural cells that showed normal TH-dependent neuronal properties and maturation. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) controls TH entry into the brain, and reduced TH availability to neural cells could instead underlie the diseased phenotype. To test potential BBB involvement, we generated an iPSC-based BBB model of MCT8 deficiency, and we found that MCT8 was necessary for polarized influx of the active form of TH across the BBB. We also found that a candidate drug did not appreciably cross the mutant BBB. Our results therefore clarify the underlying physiological basis of this disorder, and they suggest that circumventing the diseased BBB to deliver active TH to the brain could be a viable therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gad D Vatine
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Abraham Al-Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Bianca K Barriga
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ariel Salim
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Leslie Garcia
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Veronica J Garcia
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ritchie Ho
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Nur Yucer
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Tongcheng Qian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ryan G Lim
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Weston R Spivia
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jennifer Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samuel Refetoff
- Department of Medicine, Pediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Eric V Shusta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cho JH, Kang E, Lee BH, Kim GH, Choi JH, Yoo HW. DEND Syndrome with Heterozygous KCNJ11 Mutation Successfully Treated with Sulfonylurea. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1042-1045. [PMID: 28480665 PMCID: PMC5426229 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.6.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is caused by mutations in the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) subunits. Developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes (DEND) syndrome is the most severe form of PNDM and is characterized by various neurologic features. We report on a patient with DEND syndrome following initial misdiagnosis with type 1 DM, who was successfully switched from insulin to sulfonylurea therapy. A 50-day-old male presented with fever and seizure, complicated by persistent hyperglycemia. Insulin therapy was initiated. At 10 months of age, the patient was unable to hold his head up and make eye contact with others. At 17.9 years of age, direct sequencing of KCNJ11 identified a heterozygous mutation of c.602G>A (p.R201H). Since then, treatment with gliclazide was initiated and the insulin dose was gradually reduced. Following 3 months, insulin was discontinued with a gliclazide dose of 2.4 mg/kg. The patient continued to have excellent glycemic control with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 5.8% after 5 months. However, the patient's psychomotor retardation did not improve. This study reports the first case of DEND syndrome in Korea caused by a KCNJ11 mutation and emphasizes the necessity to screen mutations in KATP channel genes in patients with neonatal diabetes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Brain/diagnostic imaging
- DNA/chemistry
- DNA/isolation & purification
- DNA/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus/genetics
- Epilepsy/diagnosis
- Epilepsy/drug therapy
- Epilepsy/genetics
- Gliclazide/therapeutic use
- Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/genetics
- Insulin/therapeutic use
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/genetics
- Psychometrics
- Psychomotor Disorders/diagnosis
- Psychomotor Disorders/drug therapy
- Psychomotor Disorders/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ja Hyang Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Genetics Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
AlSubhi S, AlShahwan S, AlMuhaizae M, AlZaidan H, Tabarki B. Sepiapterin reductase deficiency: Report of 5 new cases. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:583-586. [PMID: 28189489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is a rare, under-recognized, autosomal recessively inherited disorder of neurotransmitter metabolism. CASE REPORT Five new patients from 3 unrelated Saudi consanguineous families are reported. Symptoms began at 6 months, with delay to diagnosis averaging 8 years. All 5 patients presented with severe symptoms including axial hypotonia, dystonia, and cognitive impairment, associated with hyper-reflexia (4 patients), spasticity (4 patients), bulbar dysfunction (4 patients), and oculogyric crisis (2 patients) with diurnal fluctuation and sleep benefit. Cerebrospinal fluid neurotransmitters analysis showed a typical pattern with increased sepiapterin and increased 7,8-dihydrobiopterin. Analysis of the SPR gene identified 3 novel mutations: c.1A > G, c.370T > C, and c.527C > T. Patient one, with early diagnosis, is currently developing within the normal range. The 4 other patients showed significant improvement in their motor function, but only mild improvement in their cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our cases illustrate the difficulties in the diagnosis of sepiapterin reductase deficiency in infancy, and the importance of early recognition and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah AlSubhi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad AlShahwan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed AlMuhaizae
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed AlZaidan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Richter F, Gerstenberger J, Bauer A, Liang CC, Richter A. Sensorimotor tests unmask a phenotype in the DYT1 knock-in mouse model of dystonia. Behav Brain Res 2016; 317:536-541. [PMID: 27769743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary generalized dystonia is often caused by a GAG deletion in TOR1A (DYT1) that encodes for the protein torsinA. Although mutation carriers show alterations in neuronal connectivity and sensorimotor deficits, only 30% develop dystonia. Uncovering the factors triggering the dystonic symptoms and underlying pathophysiology would greatly benefit the development of more effective therapies. In DYT1 knock-in (KI) mice, the expression of torsinA mutant alters the connectivity of neurons and the function of striatal cholinergic interneurons. We aimed to determine if heterozygous DYT1 KI mice exhibit deficits in behavioural tests that explore the connectivity of the sensory and motor system. DYT1 KI mice were tested in cognitive tests and challenging motor paradigms, followed by the adhesive removal test and the adaptive rotating beam test which both require sensorimotor integration. DYT1 KI mice did not exhibit cognitive deficits and were able to perform similarly to wild type mice even in challenging motor tests with relatively stable sensory input. Conversely, DYT1 KI mice spent more time on sensing and removing an adhesive sticker from the back of the nose; they exhibited difficulty to traverse rotating rods, especially if the surface was smooth and the diameter small. Our observations further support a role of sensorimotor integration in manifestation of this movement disorder. Future studies in DYT1 KI mice will explore the involved neurocircuitry and underlying molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Julia Gerstenberger
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Anne Bauer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Chun-Chi Liang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Angelika Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Arteaga-Bracho EE, Gulinello M, Winchester ML, Pichamoorthy N, Petronglo JR, Zambrano AD, Inocencio J, De Jesus CD, Louie JO, Gokhan S, Mehler MF, Molero AE. Postnatal and adult consequences of loss of huntingtin during development: Implications for Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 96:144-155. [PMID: 27623015 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutation in huntingtin (mHtt) leads to a spectrum of impairments in the developing forebrain of Huntington's disease (HD) mouse models. Whether these developmental alterations are due to loss- or gain-of-function mechanisms and contribute to HD pathogenesis is unknown. We examined the role of selective loss of huntingtin (Htt) function during development on postnatal vulnerability to cell death. We employed mice expressing very low levels of Htt throughout embryonic life to postnatal day 21 (Hdhd•hyp). We demonstrated that Hdhd•hyp mice exhibit: (1) late-life striatal and cortical neuronal degeneration; (2) neurological and skeletal muscle alterations; and (3) white matter tract impairments and axonal degeneration. Hdhd•hyp embryos also exhibited subpallial heterotopias, aberrant striatal maturation and deregulation of gliogenesis. These results indicate that developmental deficits associated with Htt functions render cells present at discrete neural foci increasingly susceptible to cell death, thus implying the potential existence of a loss-of-function developmental component to HD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo E Arteaga-Bracho
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Gulinello
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Behavioral Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael L Winchester
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nandini Pichamoorthy
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jenna R Petronglo
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alicia D Zambrano
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julio Inocencio
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chirstopher D De Jesus
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joseph O Louie
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Solen Gokhan
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mark F Mehler
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Center for Epigenomics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aldrin E Molero
- Roslyn and Leslie Goldstein Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Przybylska-Kruszewska A, Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A, Krzywdzińska A, Smyk M, Nowakowska B, Gryglicka H, Obersztyn E, Hozyasz KK. [17p13.3 duplication as a cause of psychomotor developmental delay in an infant - a further case of a new syndrome]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2016; 40:255-259. [PMID: 27137828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
17p13.3 duplication is a rare and heterogeneous genetic syndrome. Microdeletions of this region are responsible for the symptoms of Miller-Dieker syndrome. We present a case of 17p13.3 duplication consisting of about 730kb in a patient with psychomotor developmental delay, concerning eye-hand coordination, posture, locomotion and speech. Among other symptoms, we found excessive physical development in relation to age, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (high and prominent forehead, low-set ears, hypertelorism, short nose, small upturned nose, narrow lips and pointed chin) and discrete changes in the CNS - enhanced frontal horns of the lateral ventricles and quite narrow corpus callosum. These symptoms overlap with phenotype of previously described patients with 17p13.3 duplication. The aberration has been identified by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This publication presents a detailed, comparative characteristic of clinical fetures expression in discussed patient with 17p13.3 duplication and patients previously described in medical literature. Further cases with different variants of 17p13.3 duplication may contribute to characterise the specific genotypephenotype correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marta Smyk
- Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Poland: Department of Medical Genetics
| | - Beata Nowakowska
- Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Poland: Department of Medical Genetics
| | - Halina Gryglicka
- Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Poland: Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Poland: Department of Medical Genetics
| | - Kamil K Hozyasz
- Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Poland: Department of Pediatrics
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ben-Salem S, Gleeson JG, Al-Shamsi AM, Islam B, Hertecant J, Ali BR, Al-Gazali L. Asparagine synthetase deficiency detected by whole exome sequencing causes congenital microcephaly, epileptic encephalopathy and psychomotor delay. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:687-94. [PMID: 25227173 PMCID: PMC4915861 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of Asparagine Synthetase (ASNSD, MIM 615574) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder presenting with some brain abnormalities. Affected individuals have congenital microcephaly and progressive encephalopathy associated with severe intellectual disability and intractable seizures. The loss of function of the asparagine synthetase (ASNS, EC 6.3.5.4), particularly in the brain, is the major cause of this particular congenital microcephaly. In this study, we clinically evaluated an affected child from a consanguineous Emirati family presenting with congenital microcephaly and epileptic encephalopathy. In addition, whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous substitution mutation (c.1193A > C) in the ASNS gene. This mutation resulted in the substitution of highly conserved tyrosine residue by cysteine (p.Y398C). Molecular modeling analysis predicts hypomorphic and damaging effects of this mutation on the protein structure and altering its enzymatic activity. Therefore, we conclude that the loss of ASNS function is most likely the cause of this condition in the studied family. This report brings the number of reported families with this very rare disorder to five and the number of pathogenic mutations in the ASNS gene to four. This finding extends the ASNS pathogenic mutations spectrum and highlights the utility of whole-exome sequencing in elucidation the causes of rare recessive disorders that are heterogeneous and/or overlap with other conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Ben-Salem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joseph G. Gleeson
- Department of Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Neurogenetics Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Aisha M. Al-Shamsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Barira Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jozef Hertecant
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Filali M, Lalonde R, Gérard C, Coulombe Z, Tremblay JP. Sensorimotor skills in Fxn KO/Mck mutants deficient for frataxin in muscle. Brain Res 2015; 1608:91-6. [PMID: 25765157 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is the most common autosomal recessive disorder of the cerebellum, causing degeneration of spinal sensory neurons and spinocerebellar tracts. The disease is caused by severely reduced levels of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron metabolism. An experimental model has been generated by crossing mice homozygous for a conditional allele of the Fxn gene with mice heterozygous for a deleted exon 4 of Fxn carrying a tissue-specific Cre transgene under control of the muscle creatine kinase promoter. Relative to wild-type, Fxn null mutants were impaired on tests of motor coordination comprising horizontal bar, vertical pole, and the rotorod as well as displaying gait anomalies and the hindlimb clasping response. The Fxn KO/Mck model reproduces some key features of patients with Friedreich ataxia and provides an opportunity of ameliorating their symptoms with experimental therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Filali
- Plateforme d׳analyse fonctionnelle du comportement animal, Axe Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Université Laval, Canada.
| | - Robert Lalonde
- Université de Rouen, Faculté de Sciences and Département de Psychologie, Laboratoire ICONES EA 4699, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Catherine Gérard
- Plateforme d׳analyse fonctionnelle du comportement animal, Axe Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Université Laval, Canada
| | - Zoé Coulombe
- Plateforme d׳analyse fonctionnelle du comportement animal, Axe Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Université Laval, Canada
| | - Jacques P Tremblay
- Plateforme d׳analyse fonctionnelle du comportement animal, Axe Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Université Laval, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nakayama T, Al-Maawali A, El-Quessny M, Rajab A, Khalil S, Stoler JM, Tan WH, Nasir R, Schmitz-Abe K, Hill RS, Partlow JN, Al-Saffar M, Servattalab S, LaCoursiere CM, Tambunan DE, Coulter ME, Elhosary PC, Gorski G, Barkovich AJ, Markianos K, Poduri A, Mochida GH. Mutations in PYCR2, Encoding Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 2, Cause Microcephaly and Hypomyelination. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:709-19. [PMID: 25865492 PMCID: PMC4570282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in understanding the genetic bases of microcephaly, a large number of cases of microcephaly remain unexplained, suggesting that many microcephaly syndromes and associated genes have yet to be identified. Here, we report mutations in PYCR2, which encodes an enzyme in the proline biosynthesis pathway, as the cause of a unique syndrome characterized by postnatal microcephaly, hypomyelination, and reduced cerebral white-matter volume. Linkage mapping and whole-exome sequencing identified homozygous mutations (c.355C>T [p.Arg119Cys] and c.751C>T [p.Arg251Cys]) in PYCR2 in the affected individuals of two consanguineous families. A lymphoblastoid cell line from one affected individual showed a strong reduction in the amount of PYCR2. When mutant cDNAs were transfected into HEK293FT cells, both variant proteins retained normal mitochondrial localization but had lower amounts than the wild-type protein, suggesting that the variant proteins were less stable. A PYCR2-deficient HEK293FT cell line generated by genome editing with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 system showed that PYCR2 loss of function led to decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased susceptibility to apoptosis under oxidative stress. Morpholino-based knockdown of a zebrafish PYCR2 ortholog, pycr1b, recapitulated the human microcephaly phenotype, which was rescued by wild-type human PYCR2 mRNA, but not by mutant mRNAs, further supporting the pathogenicity of the identified variants. Hypomyelination and the absence of lax, wrinkly skin distinguishes this condition from that caused by previously reported mutations in the gene encoding PYCR2's isozyme, PYCR1, suggesting a unique and indispensable role for PYCR2 in the human CNS during development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tojo Nakayama
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Almundher Al-Maawali
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Malak El-Quessny
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna Rajab
- National Genetics Center, Directorate General of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Muscat 113, Oman
| | - Samir Khalil
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Society Hospital, Jerusalem 91220; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 90612
| | - Joan M Stoler
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wen-Hann Tan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramzi Nasir
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - R Sean Hill
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer N Partlow
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Muna Al-Saffar
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah Servattalab
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Dimira E Tambunan
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael E Coulter
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Princess C Elhosary
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Grzegorz Gorski
- Cellular Neuroscience Core, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A James Barkovich
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kyriacos Markianos
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Annapurna Poduri
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Epilepsy Genetics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ganeshwaran H Mochida
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Flanagan JD, Reuter S, Crotwell PL, Myers A, De Berg K. A Hutterite condition that mimics Bowen-Conradi syndrome. S D Med 2015; 68:101-103. [PMID: 25906497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bowen-Conradi syndrome (BCS) is a common autosomal recessive condition in the Hutterite population. In 2012, when BCS clinical testing was not available, we reported two babies believed to have BCS based upon their clinical features. Diagnostic molecular testing is now available for this condition. We describe here a brother born to the parents of one of the infants in our previous report. Although clinically both babies in the 2012 report appeared to have the same condition, this current infant was found to have a normal EMG1 gene sequence, and thus, lacks the Hutterite mutation for BCS. We discuss the importance of molecular testing in the Hutterite population.
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Torbert N, Reuter S, Myers A, De Berg K, Crotwell PL, Flanagan JD. Bowen-Conradi Syndrome: a trisomy 18-like autosomal recessive disorder common in Hutterites. S D Med 2015; 68:65-69. [PMID: 25799636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bowen-Conradi syndrome (BCS) is a common lethal condition amongst infants of Hutterite ancestry. We describe a newborn infant with features of BCS, which may mimic trisomy 18 and other conditions such as cerebro-oculo-facial syndrome (COFS) and CHARGE syndrome. We describe the constellation of clinical findings in BCS. We believe this is the first case of BCS clinically confirmed by molecular testing for mutation in the EMG1 gene.
Collapse
|
30
|
Saito S. [A girl showing congenital heart defects and psychomotor developmental delay]. No To Hattatsu 2015; 47:3-4. [PMID: 25803903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
31
|
Yamamoto T. [A girl with psychomotor developmental delay and dwarfism]. No To Hattatsu 2014; 46:343-344. [PMID: 25403063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
32
|
Shaheen R, Rahbeeni Z, Alhashem A, Faqeih E, Zhao Q, Xiong Y, Almoisheer A, Al-Qattan SM, Almadani HA, Al-Onazi N, Al-Baqawi BS, Saleh MA, Alkuraya FS. Neu-Laxova syndrome, an inborn error of serine metabolism, is caused by mutations in PHGDH. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:898-904. [PMID: 24836451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by severe fetal growth restriction, microcephaly, a distinct facial appearance, ichthyosis, skeletal anomalies, and perinatal lethality. The pathogenesis of NLS remains unclear despite extensive clinical and pathological phenotyping of the >70 affected individuals reported to date, emphasizing the need to identify the underlying genetic etiology, which remains unknown. In order to identify the cause of NLS, we conducted a positional-mapping study combining autozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing in three consanguineous families affected by NLS. Surprisingly, the NLS-associated locus identified in this study was solved at the gene level to reveal mutations in PHGDH, which is known to be mutated in individuals with microcephaly and developmental delay. PHGDH encodes the first enzyme in the phosphorylated pathway of de novo serine synthesis, and complete deficiency of its mouse ortholog recapitulates many of the key features of NLS. This study shows that NLS represents the extreme end of a known inborn error of serine metabolism and highlights the power of genomic sequencing in revealing the unsuspected allelic nature of apparently distinct clinical entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Agaadir Almoisheer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M Al-Qattan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halima A Almadani
- Pediatric metabolic laboratory, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noufa Al-Onazi
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badi S Al-Baqawi
- Maternal Fetal Department, Women's Specialist Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Saleh
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Amado-Puentes A, Blanco-Barca Ó, Coll MJ, Sobrido MJ. [Disease due to lysosomal deposits with differential peculiarities: type II GM1 gangliosidosis]. Rev Neurol 2014; 58:382-383. [PMID: 24723181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Amado-Puentes
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo. Hospital do Meixoeiro, 36200 Vigo, Espana
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kraan CM, Hocking DR, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Metcalfe SA, Archibald AD, Fielding J, Trollor J, Bradshaw JL, Cohen J, Cornish KM. Age and CGG-repeat length are associated with neuromotor impairments in at-risk females with the FMR1 premutation. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2179.e7-13. [PMID: 24814676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies report a higher risk of dementia and motor symptoms in females with the fragile X mental retardation 1 premutation (PM-carriers) than has hitherto been appreciated. Here, we use dual-task gait paradigms to identify potential markers of cognitive and motor decline in female PM-carriers. Spatiotemporal gait characteristics and variability of gait were assessed during single- and dual-task conditions in 28 female PM-carriers (mean age 41.32 ± 8.03 years) and 31 female controls with normal fragile X mental retardation 1 alleles (mean age 41.61 ± 8.30 years). Despite comparable gait characteristics at baseline, gait performance was significantly poorer for PM-carriers when performing concurrent working memory tasks (counting backwards by 3's or 7's) when compared with controls. Correlational analyses showed that low working memory capacity was significantly associated with dual-task interference for the gait domains of pace (speed, step length) and variability (step time, swing time) in PM-carriers. Multiple regression analyses further showed that the interaction between age and CGG repeat length was strongly predictive of gait variability during dual-task performance. These findings indicate for the first time that vulnerability in specific domains of gait control may act as sensitive surrogate markers of future decline in female PM-carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudine M Kraan
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren R Hocking
- Olga Tennison Research Centre, School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sylvia A Metcalfe
- Genetics Education and Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison D Archibald
- Genetics Education and Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Fielding
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julian Trollor
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Health Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John L Bradshaw
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan Cohen
- Genetics Education and Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Fragile X Alliance Inc (Clinic and Resource Centre), North Caufield, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim M Cornish
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bayat M, Bayat A. [Retardation of psychomotor development and tremor in a boy with 48,XXYY karyotype]. Ugeskr Laeger 2014; 176:V07130439. [PMID: 25347342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a seven-year-old boy with 48,XXYY karyotype, presenting with tremor and a slight retardation of psychomotor development. Although the physical phenotype is similar to 47,XXY, 48,XXYY is associated with additional medical problems and more significant neurodevelopmental and psychological features. Increased awareness of such features is important to facilitate timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate screenings and treatments. Karyotyping should be considered in individuals presenting with tremor and a history of develop-mental delay, learning disabilities, tall stature or micro-orchidism.
Collapse
|
36
|
Şimşek-Kiper PÖ, Bayram Y, Ütine GE, Alanay Y, Boduroğlu K. A de novo 11q23 deletion in a patient presenting with severe ophthalmologic findings, psychomotor retardation and facial dysmorphism. Turk J Pediatr 2014; 56:80-84. [PMID: 24827952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Distal 11q deletion, previously known as Jacobsen syndrome, is caused by segmental aneusomy for the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 11. Typical clinical features include facial dysmorphism, mild-to-moderate psychomotor retardation, trigonocephaly, cardiac defects, and thrombocytopenia. There is a significant variability in the range of clinical features. We report herein a five-year-old girl with severe ophthalmological findings, facial dysmorphism, and psychomotor retardation with normal platelet function, in whom a de novo 11q23 deletion was detected, suggesting that distal 11q monosomy should be kept in mind in patients presenting with dysmorphic facial features and psychomotor retardation even in the absence of hematological findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Özlem Şimşek-Kiper
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Carmody D, Philipson L. Neonatal diabetes: the brain comes into focus. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013; 1:167-8. [PMID: 24622356 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Carmody
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, MC 1027, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Louis Philipson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, MC 1027, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Busiah K, Drunat S, Vaivre-Douret L, Bonnefond A, Simon A, Flechtner I, Gérard B, Pouvreau N, Elie C, Nimri R, De Vries L, Tubiana-Rufi N, Metz C, Bertrand AM, Nivot-Adamiak S, de Kerdanet M, Stuckens C, Jennane F, Souchon PF, Le Tallec C, Désirée C, Pereira S, Dechaume A, Robert JJ, Phillip M, Scharfmann R, Czernichow P, Froguel P, Vaxillaire M, Polak M, Cavé H. Neuropsychological dysfunction and developmental defects associated with genetic changes in infants with neonatal diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study [corrected]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013; 1:199-207. [PMID: 24622368 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare genetic form of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. We compared phenotypic features and clinical outcomes according to genetic subtypes in a cohort of patients diagnosed with neonatal diabetes mellitus before age 1 year, without β-cell autoimmunity and with normal pancreas morphology. METHODS We prospectively investigated patients from 20 countries referred to the French Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus Study Group from 1995 to 2010. Patients with hyperglycaemia requiring treatment with insulin before age 1 year were eligible, provided that they had normal pancreatic morphology as assessed by ultrasonography and negative tests for β-cell autoimmunity. We assessed changes in the 6q24 locus, KATP-channel subunit genes (ABCC8 and KCNJ11), and preproinsulin gene (INS) and investigated associations between genotype and phenotype, with special attention to extra-pancreatic abnormalities. FINDINGS We tested 174 index patients, of whom 47 (27%) had no detectable genetic defect. Of the remaining 127 index patients, 40 (31%) had 6q24 abnormalities, 43 (34%) had mutations in KCNJ11, 31 (24%) had mutations in ABCC8, and 13 (10%) had mutations in INS. We reported developmental delay with or without epilepsy in 13 index patients (18% of participants with mutations in genes encoding KATP channel subunits). In-depth neuropsychomotor investigations were done at median age 7 years (IQR 1-15) in 27 index patients with mutations in KATP channel subunit genes who did not have developmental delay or epilepsy. Developmental coordination disorder (particularly visual-spatial dyspraxia) or attention deficits were recorded in all index patients who had this testing. Compared with index patients who had mutations in KATP channel subunit genes, those with 6q24 abnormalities had specific features: developmental defects involving the heart, kidneys, or urinary tract (8/36 [22%] vs 2/71 [3%]; p=0·002), intrauterine growth restriction (34/37 [92%] vs 34/70 [48%]; p<0·0001), and early diagnosis (median age 5·0 days, IQR 1·0-14·5 vs 45·5 days, IQR 27·2-95·0; p<0·0001). Remission of neonatal diabetes mellitus occurred in 89 (51%) index patients at a median age of 17 weeks (IQR 9·5-39·0; median follow-up 4·7 years, IQR 1·5-12·8). Recurrence was common, with no difference between the groups who had 6q24 abnormalities versus mutations in KATP channel subunit genes (82% vs 86%; p=0·36). INTERPRETATION Neonatal diabetes mellitus is often associated with neuropsychological dysfunction and developmental defects that are specific to the underlying genetic abnormality. A multidisciplinary assessment is therefore essential when patients are diagnosed. Features of neuropsychological dysfunction and developmental defects should be tested for in adults with a history of neonatal diabetes mellitus. FUNDING Agence Nationale de la Recherche-Maladies Rares Research Program Grant, the Transnational European Research Grant on Rare Diseases, the Société Francophone du Diabète-Association Française du Diabète, the Association Française du Diabète, Aide aux Jeunes Diabétiques, a CIFRE grant from the French Government, HRA-Pharma, the French Ministry of Education and Research, and the Société Française de Pédiatrie.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanetee Busiah
- INSERM U845, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IMAGINE affiliate, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Drunat
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Vaivre-Douret
- Inserm UMR-S0669 Université Paris Sud, Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Paediatrics, Cochin Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS-UMR-8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France; EGID-FR3508, Lille, France; Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Albane Simon
- Department of Paediatrics, André Mignot Hospital, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Isabelle Flechtner
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IMAGINE affiliate, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Gérard
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Pouvreau
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Elie
- Clinical Research Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Revital Nimri
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Centre of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Liat De Vries
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Centre of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Nadia Tubiana-Rufi
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Metz
- Department of Paediatrics, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France
| | | | | | - Marc de Kerdanet
- Department of Paediatrics, Rennes Teaching Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Chantal Stuckens
- Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Teaching Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Farida Jennane
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, A Harouchi Paediatric Teaching Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Claire Le Tallec
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Teaching Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Christelle Désirée
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Dechaume
- CNRS-UMR-8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France; EGID-FR3508, Lille, France; Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Robert
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IMAGINE affiliate, Paris, France
| | - Moshe Phillip
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Centre of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U845, Paris, France
| | - Paul Czernichow
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IMAGINE affiliate, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS-UMR-8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France; EGID-FR3508, Lille, France; Lille 2 University, Lille, France; Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martine Vaxillaire
- CNRS-UMR-8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France; EGID-FR3508, Lille, France; Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Michel Polak
- INSERM U845, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, Necker-Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IMAGINE affiliate, Paris, France.
| | - Hélène Cavé
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lin YW, Li A, Grasso V, Battaglia D, Crinò A, Colombo C, Barbetti F, Nichols CG. Functional characterization of a novel KCNJ11 in frame mutation-deletion associated with infancy-onset diabetes and a mild form of intermediate DEND: a battle between K(ATP) gain of channel activity and loss of channel expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63758. [PMID: 23667671 PMCID: PMC3646792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are widely distributed in various tissues and cell types where they couple cell metabolism to cell excitability. Gain of channel function (GOF) mutations in the genes encoding Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) or the associated regulatory ssulfonylurea receptor 1 subunit (ABCC8), cause developmental delay, epilepsy and neonatal diabetes (DEND) due to suppressed cell excitability in pancreatic β-cells and neurons. The objective of this study was to determine the molecular basis of infancy-onset diabetes and a mild form of intermediate DEND, resulting from a novel KCNJ11 in frame mutation plus deletion. The naturally occurring Kir6.2 mutation plus deletion (Ser225Thr, Pro226_Pro232del) as well as the isolated S225T mutation or isolated del226–232 deletion were coexpressed with SUR1 in COS cells in homozygous or heterozygous states. The protein expression and gating effects of the resulting channels were assessed biochemically and electrophysiologically. For both the deletion and point mutations, simulated heterozygous expression resulted in overall increased conductance in intact cells in basal conditions and rightward shifted ATP dose-response curves in excised patches, due to increased intrinsic open probability. Interestingly, homomeric channels for the combined deletion/mutation, or for the deletion alone, showed dramatically reduced channel expression at the cell membrane, which would underlie a reduced function in vivo. These results demonstrate that both the mis-sense mutation and the deleted region in the Kir6.2 subunit are important for control of the intrinsic channel gating and suggest that the clinical presentation could be affected by the competition between loss-of-function by reduced trafficking and enhanced channel gating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Lin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Anlong Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Valeria Grasso
- Laboratory of Mendelian Diabetes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, at University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Battaglia
- Child Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sacro Cuore Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Crinò
- Autoimmune Endocrine Diseases Unit, Endocrinology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Palidoro, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Colombo
- Laboratory of Mendelian Diabetes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, at University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barbetti
- Laboratory of Mendelian Diabetes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, at University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Colin G. Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cassandrini D, Cilio MR, Bianchi M, Doimo M, Balestri M, Tessa A, Rizza T, Sartori G, Meschini MC, Nesti C, Tozzi G, Petruzzella V, Piemonte F, Bisceglia L, Bruno C, Dionisi-Vici C, D'Amico A, Fattori F, Carrozzo R, Salviati L, Santorelli FM, Bertini E. Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 caused by mutations in RARS2: definition of the clinical spectrum and molecular findings in five patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:43-53. [PMID: 22569581 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recessive mutations in the mitochondrial arginyl-transfer RNA synthetase (RARS2) gene have been associated with early onset encephalopathy with signs of oxidative phosphorylation defects classified as pontocerebellar hypoplasia 6. We describe clinical, neuroimaging and molecular features on five patients from three unrelated families who displayed mutations in RARS2. All patients rapidly developed a neonatal or early-infantile epileptic encephalopathy with intractable seizures. The long-term follow-up revealed a virtual absence of psychomotor development, progressive microcephaly, and feeding difficulties. Mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in muscle and fibroblasts were normal in two. Blood and CSF lactate was abnormally elevated in all five patients at early stages while appearing only occasionally abnormal with the progression of the disease. Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with normal aspect of the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres appeared within the first months of life at brain MRI. In three patients follow-up neuroimaging revealed a progressive pontocerebellar and cerebral cortical atrophy. Molecular investigations of RARS2 disclosed the c.25A>G/p.I9V and the c.1586+3A>T in family A, the c.734G>A/p.R245Q and the c.1406G>A/p.R469H in family B, and the c.721T>A/p.W241R and c.35A>G/p.Q12R in family C. Functional complementation studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that mutation MSR1-R531H (equivalent to human p.R469H) abolished respiration whereas the MSR1-R306Q strain (corresponding to p.R245Q) displayed a reduced growth on non-fermentable YPG medium. Although mutations functionally disrupted yeast we found a relatively well preserved arginine aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNA. Clinical and neuroimaging findings are important clues to raise suspicion and to reach diagnostic accuracy for RARS2 mutations considering that biochemical abnormalities may be absent in muscle biopsy.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Pediatric neurotransmitter disorders refer to a constellation of inherited neurometabolic syndromes attributable to disturbances of neurotransmitter synthesis, degradation, or transport. Monoamine deficiencies represent defects in synthesis of dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine or in availability of tetrahydrobiopterin, an important cofactor for monoamine synthesis. Some disorders do not manifest peripheral hyperphenyalaninemia and require CSF neurotransmitter metabolite assay for diagnosis. These include Segawa dopa-responsive dystonia and enzymatic deficiencies of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, and sepiapterin reductase. The first, autosomal dominantly inherited GTP cyclohydrolase deficiency, has a satisfying response to therapy at any age with benefits maintained over time. The others have more severe and treatment-refractory phenotypes, typically with manifestations well beyond movement disorders. Disorders detectable by elevated serum phenylalanine are deficiencies of GTP cyclohydrolase (homozygous), pterin-carbinolamine dehydratase, dihydropteridine reductase, and pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase. The latter is the most prevalent and heterogeneous but typically has infantile onset with extrapyramidal as well as bulbar, hypothalamic, limbic, and epileptic manifestations. There are therapeutic roles for neurotransmitter supplementation, and dopaminergic agonists. Basal ganglia calcifications in dihydropteridine reductase deficiency are reversible with folinic acid. Deficiencies of monoamine degradation lead to cognitive, behavioral, and autonomic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip L Pearl
- Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zampini L, D'Odorico L, Zanchi P, Zollino M, Neri G. Linguistic and psychomotor development in children with chromosome 14 deletions. Clin Linguist Phon 2012; 26:962-973. [PMID: 23057796 DOI: 10.3109/02699206.2012.728669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study focussed on a specific type of rare genetic condition: chromosome 14 deletions. Children with this genetic condition often show developmental delays and brain and neurological problems, although the type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the size and location of the deleted genetic material. The specific aim of the present study was to describe the developmental trajectories of language skills in a group of children with linear 14q deletions. Four children with an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 14 were followed for 1 year. Data collected from psychomotor and linguistic assessments highlight a large individual variability. Considering the children's genetic and clinical conditions, findings revealed that the size of the deleted area is not related to outcome. However, the developmental trajectories of language development are deeply influenced by the presence of clinical conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zampini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shah RP, Spruyt K, Kragie BC, Greeley SAW, Msall ME. Visuomotor performance in KCNJ11-related neonatal diabetes is impaired in children with DEND-associated mutations and may be improved by early treatment with sulfonylureas. Diabetes Care 2012; 35:2086-8. [PMID: 22855734 PMCID: PMC3447845 DOI: 10.2337/dc11-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess performance on an age-standardized neuromotor coordination task among sulfonylurea-treated KCNJ11-related neonatal diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Nineteen children carrying KCNJ11 mutations associated with isolated diabetes (R201H; n = 8), diabetes with neurodevelopmental impairment (V59M or V59A [V59M/A]; n = 8), or diabetes not consistently associated with neurodevelopmental disability (Y330C, E322K, or R201C; n = 3) were studied using the age-standardized Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI). RESULTS Although R201H subjects tested in the normal range (median standard score = 107), children with V59M/A mutations had significantly lower than expected VMI standard scores (median = 49). The scores for all three groups were significantly different from each other (P = 0.0017). The age of sulfonylurea initiation was inversely correlated with VMI scores in the V59M/A group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Neurodevelopmental disability in KCNJ11-related diabetes includes visuomotor problems that may be ameliorated by early sulfonylurea treatment. Comprehensive longitudinal assessment on larger samples will be imperative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reshma P. Shah
- Section of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics and John P. Kennedy Jr. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital and Pritzer School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karen Spruyt
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital and Pritzer School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brigette C. Kragie
- Section of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics and John P. Kennedy Jr. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital and Pritzer School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Siri Atma W. Greeley
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael E. Msall
- Section of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics and John P. Kennedy Jr. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital and Pritzer School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Costantine MM, Clark EAS, Lai Y, Rouse DJ, Spong CY, Mercer BM, Sorokin Y, Thorp JM, Ramin SM, Malone FD, Carpenter M, Miodovnik M, O'Sullivan MJ, Peaceman AM, Caritis SN. Association of polymorphisms in neuroprotection and oxidative stress genes and neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol 2012; 120:542-50. [PMID: 22914463 PMCID: PMC3904537 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0b013e318265f232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the associations between polymorphisms in neuronal homeostasis, neuroprotection, and oxidative stress candidate genes and neurodevelopmental disability. METHODS This was a nested case-control analysis of a randomized trial of magnesium sulfate administered to women at imminent risk for early (before 32 weeks) preterm birth for the prevention of death or cerebral palsy in their offspring. We evaluated 21 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 17 genes associated with neuronal homeostasis, neuroprotection, or oxidative stress in umbilical cord blood. Cases included infant deaths (n=43) and children with cerebral palsy (n=24), mental delay (Bayley Mental Developmental Index less than 70; n=109), or psychomotor delay (Bayley Psychomotor Developmental Index less than 70; n=91) diagnosed. Controls were race-matched and sex-matched children with normal neurodevelopment. Associations between each SNP and each outcome were assessed in logistic regression models assuming an additive genetic pattern, conditional on maternal race and infant sex, and adjusting for study drug assignment, gestational age at birth, and maternal education. RESULTS The odds of cerebral palsy were increased more than 2.5 times for each copy of the minor allele of vasoactive intestinal polypeptipe (VIP, rs17083008) (adjusted odds ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 1.09-6.55, P=.03) and 4.5 times for each copy of the minor allele of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 3A (GRIN3A, rs3739722) (adjusted odds ratio 4.67, 95% CI 1.36-16.01, P=.01). The association between the advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER, rs3134945) SNP and mental delay was modulated by study drug allocation (P=.02). CONCLUSION Vasoactive intestinal polypeptipe and GRIN3A SNPs may be associated with cerebral palsy at age 2 in children born preterm.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Case-Control Studies
- Cerebral Palsy/genetics
- Child, Preschool
- Developmental Disabilities/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Markers
- Homeostasis/genetics
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Premature
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/genetics
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/mortality
- Intellectual Disability/genetics
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Oxidative Stress/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Psychological Tests
- Psychomotor Disorders/genetics
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics
- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maged M Costantine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Campeau PM, Lu JT, Dawson BC, Fokkema IFAC, Robertson SP, Gibbs RA, Lee BH. The KAT6B-related disorders genitopatellar syndrome and Ohdo/SBBYS syndrome have distinct clinical features reflecting distinct molecular mechanisms. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1520-5. [PMID: 22715153 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Genitopatellar syndrome (GPS) and Say-Barber-Biesecker-Young-Simpson syndrome (SBBYSS or Ohdo syndrome) have both recently been shown to be caused by distinct mutations in the histone acetyltransferase KAT6B (a.k.a. MYST4/MORF). All variants are de novo dominant mutations that lead to protein truncation. Mutations leading to GPS occur in the proximal portion of the last exon and lead to the expression of a protein without a C-terminal domain. Mutations leading to SBBYSS occur either throughout the gene, leading to nonsense-mediated decay, or more distally in the last exon. Features present only in GPS are contractures, anomalies of the spine, ribs and pelvis, renal cysts, hydronephrosis, and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Features present only in SBBYSS include long thumbs and long great toes and lacrimal duct abnormalities. Several features occur in both, such as intellectual disability, congenital heart defects, and genital and patellar anomalies. We propose that haploinsufficiency or loss of a function mediated by the C-terminal domain causes the common features, whereas gain-of-function activities would explain the features unique to GPS. Further molecular studies and the compilation of mutations in a database for genotype-phenotype correlations (www.LOVD.nl/KAT6B) might help tease out answers to these questions and understand the developmental programs dysregulated by the different truncations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Doi H, Yoshida K, Yasuda T, Fukuda M, Fukuda Y, Morita H, Ikeda SI, Kato R, Tsurusaki Y, Miyake N, Saitsu H, Sakai H, Miyatake S, Shiina M, Nukina N, Koyano S, Tsuji S, Kuroiwa Y, Matsumoto N. Exome sequencing reveals a homozygous SYT14 mutation in adult-onset, autosomal-recessive spinocerebellar ataxia with psychomotor retardation. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:320-7. [PMID: 21835308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCAs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders associated with diverse neurological and nonneurological features that occur before the age of 20. Currently, mutations in more than 20 genes have been identified, but approximately half of the ARCA patients remain genetically unresolved. In this report, we describe a Japanese family in which two siblings have slow progression of a type of ARCA with psychomotor retardation. Using whole-exome sequencing combined with homozygosity mapping, we identified a homozygous missense mutation in SYT14, encoding synaptotagmin XIV (SYT14). Expression analysis of the mRNA of SYT14 by a TaqMan assay confirmed that SYT14 mRNA was highly expressed in human fetal and adult brain tissue as well as in the mouse brain (especially in the cerebellum). In an in vitro overexpression system, the mutant SYT14 showed intracellular localization different from that of the wild-type. An immunohistochemical analysis clearly showed that SYT14 is specifically localized to Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in humans and mice. Synaptotagmins are associated with exocytosis of secretory vesicles (including synaptic vesicles), indicating that the alteration of the membrane-trafficking machinery by the SYT14 mutation may represent a distinct pathomechanism associated with human neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Doi
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sempere Pérez A, Manchón Trives I, Palazón Azorín I, Alcaraz Más L, Pérez Lledó E, Galán Sánchez F. [15Q11.2 (BP1-BP2) microdeletion, a new syndrome with variable expressivity]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2011; 75:58-62. [PMID: 21419731 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2011.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The case of a boy with psychomotor retardation and dysmorphic features is presented. He has a 1.5 Mb 15q11.2 microdeletion of paternal origin diagnosed by aCGH. The deletion is located between breakpoints BP1 and BP2 of the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndromes critical region. Clinical features in our patient fit well with those described in ten cases of pure BP1-BP2 deletion published to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sempere Pérez
- Neuropediatría, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, España
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chen CP, Lin SP, Chen M, Su YN, Chern SR, Wang TY, Liu YP, Tsai FJ, Lee CC, Chen YJ, Wang W. Mosaic supernumerary r(1)(p13.2q23.3) in a 10-year-old girl with epilepsy facial asymmetry psychomotor retardation kyphoscoliosis dermatofibrosarcoma and multiple exostoses. Genet Couns 2011; 22:273-280. [PMID: 22029168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report molecular cytogenetic characterization of mosaic supernumerary r(1)(p13.2q23.3) in a 10-year-old girl with epilepsy, facial asymmetry, psychomotor retardation, kyphoscoliosis, dermatofibrosarcoma and multiple exostoses. The supernumerary r(1) is associated with gene dosage increase of CHRNB2, ADAR and KCNJ10 in the pericentromeric area of 1q, and a breakpoint within CTTNBP2NL at 1p13.2. We speculate that the gene dosage increase of CHRNB2, ADAR and KCNJ10 is most likely responsible for epilepsy, and the breakpoint at 1p13.2 in the supernumerary r(1) is most likely responsible for the development of multiple exostoses and osteochondroma in this patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C P Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen BC, McGown IN, Thong MK, Pitt J, Yunus ZM, Khoo TB, Ngu LH, Duley JA. Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency in a Malaysian patient, with novel adenylosuccinate lyase gene mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2010; 33 Suppl 3:S159-62. [PMID: 20177786 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Most cases of adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL OMIM 103050) deficiency reported to date are confined to the various European ethnic groups. We report on the first Malaysian case of ADSL deficiency, which appears also to be the first reported Asian case. The case was diagnosed among a cohort of 450 patients with clinical features of psychomotor retardation, global developmental delay, seizures, microcephaly and/or autistic behaviour. The patient presented with frequent convulsions and severe myoclonic jerk within the first few days of life and severe psychomotor retardation. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the urine revealed the characteristic biochemical markers of succinyladenosine (S-Ado) and succinyl-aminoimidazole carboximide riboside (SAICAr). The urinary S-Ado/SAICAr ratio was found to be 1.02 (type I ADSL deficiency). The patient was compound heterozygous for two novel mutations, c.445C > G (p.R149G) and c.774_778insG (p.A260GfsX24).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bee Chin Chen
- Biochemical Genetic Unit, Department of Genetics, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Jalan Pahang 50586, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Niklasson L, Gillberg C. The neuropsychology of 22q11 deletion syndrome. A neuropsychiatric study of 100 individuals. Res Dev Disabil 2010; 31:185-194. [PMID: 19815377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to study the impact of ASD/ADHD on general intellectual ability and profile, executive functions and visuo-motor skills in children and adults with 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). A secondary aim was to study if gender, age, heart disease, ASD, ADHD or ASD in combination with ADHD had an impact on general intellectual ability and profile. One hundred consecutively referred individuals aged 1-35 years with 22q11DS were given in-depth neuropsychological assessments. Mean full scale IQ was 71 with a normal distribution around this mean. Higher IQ for females than males, and a negative trend for IQ with higher age were found. Intellectual impairment, as well as visuo-motor dysfunction, was found to be related to 22q11DS per se and not to ASD/ADHD. In the area of executive function, the presence of ASD/ADHD predicted poor planning ability in the children in the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Niklasson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|