1
|
Sekhon M, Brown S. Exome sequencing identifies a cryptic chromosome translocation in a family decades after clinical diagnosis of Cornelia de Lange: Case report. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6706. [PMID: 36483867 PMCID: PMC9723470 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical genetic evaluations are defined by the knowledge and technology available at the time they occur. In the modern era, microarray and exome sequencing are first line tests for clinical geneticists; however, beginning in the late 1970s and continuing until the turn of the past century, a standard genetic evaluation consisted, in many cases, of an examination by a dysmorphologist as well as a conventional karyotype. In general, once a genetic diagnosis is established, it does not get revisited as more advanced methods become available. Clearly, there will be instances in which new technology can modify or change a prior diagnosis. We present a family in which the recent birth of a baby resulted in the establishment of a cytogenetic diagnosis of a different family member whose initial evaluation and clinical diagnosis had occurred three decades earlier. The new genomic findings have profound implications for other family members, and in addition provided the family with a sense of closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Sekhon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Desai JJ, Nair SB, Pappachan S. Classic Cornelia de Lange syndrome with variant of unknown significance detected in NIPBL gene mutation: a case report. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a relatively uncommon disorder associated with multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation of unknown etiology with its incidence varying from 1:10,000 to 1:50,000 live births in different population groups without any known racial predilections. Main clinical features of this syndrome consist of distinctive dysmorphic facial appearance, growth retardation, developmental delay, mental retardation, hirsutism, and skeletal formation anomaly.
Case presentation
This case presents a variation of unknown significance in the NIPBL gene-exon 39, chr5:37048649T>A c.6635T>A (p.Val2212Glu) with clinical phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Our patient belonged to South Indian origin with clinical features of synophrys, micrognathia, long smooth philtrum, and clinodactyly with bilateral simian crease.
Conclusion
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare but well-characterized disorder, in which multiple systems of the body are affected. It is important that the treating physician ensures coordination of the diversiform aspects of care in both childhood and adulthood. Proper and timely diagnosis using next generation sequencing helps in management and possibility of prenatal diagnosis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dowsett L, Porras AR, Kruszka P, Davis B, Hu T, Honey E, Badoe E, Thong MK, Leon E, Girisha KM, Shukla A, Nayak SS, Shotelersuk V, Megarbane A, Phadke S, Sirisena ND, Dissanayake VHW, Ferreira CR, Kisling MS, Tanpaiboon P, Uwineza A, Mutesa L, Tekendo-Ngongang C, Wonkam A, Fieggen K, Batista LC, Moretti-Ferreira D, Stevenson RE, Prijoles EJ, Everman D, Clarkson K, Worthington J, Kimonis V, Hisama F, Crowe C, Wong P, Johnson K, Clark RD, Bird L, Masser-Frye D, McDonald M, Willems P, Roeder E, Saitta S, Anyane-Yeoba K, Demmer L, Hamajima N, Stark Z, Gillies G, Hudgins L, Dave U, Shalev S, Siu V, Ades A, Dubbs H, Raible S, Kaur M, Salzano E, Jackson L, Deardorff M, Kline A, Summar M, Muenke M, Linguraru MG, Krantz ID. Cornelia de Lange syndrome in diverse populations. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:150-158. [PMID: 30614194 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a dominant multisystemic malformation syndrome due to mutations in five genes-NIPBL, SMC1A, HDAC8, SMC3, and RAD21. The characteristic facial dysmorphisms include microcephaly, arched eyebrows, synophrys, short nose with depressed bridge and anteverted nares, long philtrum, thin lips, micrognathia, and hypertrichosis. Most affected individuals have intellectual disability, growth deficiency, and upper limb anomalies. This study looked at individuals from diverse populations with both clinical and molecularly confirmed diagnoses of CdLS by facial analysis technology. Clinical data and images from 246 individuals with CdLS were obtained from 15 countries. This cohort included 49% female patients and ages ranged from infancy to 37 years. Individuals were grouped into ancestry categories of African descent, Asian, Latin American, Middle Eastern, and Caucasian. Across these populations, 14 features showed a statistically significant difference. The most common facial features found in all ancestry groups included synophrys, short nose with anteverted nares, and a long philtrum with thin vermillion of the upper lip. Using facial analysis technology we compared 246 individuals with CdLS to 246 gender/age matched controls and found that sensitivity was equal or greater than 95% for all groups. Specificity was equal or greater than 91%. In conclusion, we present consistent clinical findings from global populations with CdLS while demonstrating how facial analysis technology can be a tool to support accurate diagnoses in the clinical setting. This work, along with prior studies in this arena, will assist in earlier detection, recognition, and treatment of CdLS worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Dowsett
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawai'i John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawai'i.,Kapi'olani Medical Specialists, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Antonio R Porras
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Paul Kruszka
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brandon Davis
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tommy Hu
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Engela Honey
- Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Eben Badoe
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Meow-Keong Thong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eyby Leon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Shubha Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmala D Sirisena
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Monisha S Kisling
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Pranoot Tanpaiboon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Annette Uwineza
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leon Mutesa
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Fieggen
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leticia Cassimiro Batista
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Moretti-Ferreira
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Virginia Kimonis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Fuki Hisama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carol Crowe
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kisha Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robin D Clark
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lynne Bird
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Sand Diego, San Diego, California.,Department of Genetics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Diane Masser-Frye
- Department of Genetics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Elizabeth Roeder
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sulgana Saitta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Medical Genetics Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeoba
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Laurie Demmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Naoki Hamajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City Jouhoku Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Greta Gillies
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louanne Hudgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Usha Dave
- Haffkine Institute, MILS International India, Mumbai, India
| | - Stavit Shalev
- Ha'emek Medical Center, The Genetic Institute, Hafia, Israel
| | - Victoria Siu
- Medical Genetics Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ann Ades
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Holly Dubbs
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Raible
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emanuela Salzano
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laird Jackson
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Deardorff
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Antonie Kline
- Department of Pediatrics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marshall Summar
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Maximilian Muenke
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marius George Linguraru
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chawla C, Rao P, Kini R, Shetty D. Cornelia de-Lange syndrome - A case report. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ACADEMY OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_153_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
5
|
Newkirk DA, Chen YY, Chien R, Zeng W, Biesinger J, Flowers E, Kawauchi S, Santos R, Calof AL, Lander AD, Xie X, Yokomori K. The effect of Nipped-B-like (Nipbl) haploinsufficiency on genome-wide cohesin binding and target gene expression: modeling Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:89. [PMID: 28855971 PMCID: PMC5574093 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem developmental disorder frequently associated with heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of Nipped-B-like (NIPBL), the human homolog of Drosophila Nipped-B. NIPBL loads cohesin onto chromatin. Cohesin mediates sister chromatid cohesion important for mitosis but is also increasingly recognized as a regulator of gene expression. In CdLS patient cells and animal models, expression changes of multiple genes with little or no sister chromatid cohesion defect suggests that disruption of gene regulation underlies this disorder. However, the effect of NIPBL haploinsufficiency on cohesin binding, and how this relates to the clinical presentation of CdLS, has not been fully investigated. Nipbl haploinsufficiency causes CdLS-like phenotype in mice. We examined genome-wide cohesin binding and its relationship to gene expression using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Nipbl+/- mice that recapitulate the CdLS phenotype. RESULTS We found a global decrease in cohesin binding, including at CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding sites and repeat regions. Cohesin-bound genes were found to be enriched for histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) at their promoters; were disproportionately downregulated in Nipbl mutant MEFs; and displayed evidence of reduced promoter-enhancer interaction. The results suggest that gene activation is the primary cohesin function sensitive to Nipbl reduction. Over 50% of significantly dysregulated transcripts in mutant MEFs come from cohesin target genes, including genes involved in adipogenesis that have been implicated in contributing to the CdLS phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Decreased cohesin binding at the gene regions is directly linked to disease-specific expression changes. Taken together, our Nipbl haploinsufficiency model allows us to analyze the dosage effect of cohesin loading on CdLS development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Newkirk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Yen-Yun Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Current address: ResearchDx Inc., 5 Mason, Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - Richard Chien
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Current address: Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., 180 Oyster Point Blvd South, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Weihua Zeng
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Current address: Department of Developmental & Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jacob Biesinger
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Current address: Verily Life Scienceds, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - Ebony Flowers
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA
- Current address: UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, NA8.124, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Shimako Kawauchi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Rosaysela Santos
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Anne L. Calof
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Arthur D. Lander
- Department of Developmental & Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Xiaohui Xie
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Kyoko Yokomori
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Basel-Vanagaite L, Wolf L, Orin M, Larizza L, Gervasini C, Krantz I, Deardoff M. Recognition of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype with facial dysmorphology novel analysis. Clin Genet 2016; 89:557-63. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Basel-Vanagaite
- Medical Genetics Department; Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Rabin Medical Center; Petah Tikva Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center; Petah Tikva Israel
- Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- FDNA Inc.; Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Wolf
- Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- FDNA Inc.; Boston, MA USA
| | | | - L. Larizza
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milan Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical Genetics; University of Milano; Milan Italy
| | - C. Gervasini
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milan Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical Genetics; University of Milano; Milan Italy
| | - I.D. Krantz
- Division of Human Molecular Genetics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia PA USA
- The Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - M.A. Deardoff
- Division of Human Molecular Genetics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia PA USA
- The Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fujiki K, Shirahige K, Kaur M, Deardorff MA, Conlin LK, Krantz ID, Izumi K. Mosaic ratio quantification of isochromosome 12p in Pallister-Killian syndrome using droplet digital PCR. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2016; 4:257-61. [PMID: 27247953 PMCID: PMC4867559 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a prototypic mosaic aneuploidy syndrome caused by mosaic supernumerary marker isochromosome 12p. Cells possessing the isochromosome 12p rapidly diminish after birth in the peripheral blood, often necessitating a skin biopsy for diagnosis. Therefore, a genomic testing that is capable of detecting low percent mosaic isochromosome 12p is preferred for the diagnosis of PKS. METHODS The utility of the droplet digital PCR system in quantifying the mosaic ratio of isochromosome 12p in PKS was evaluated. RESULTS Droplet digital PCR was able to precisely quantify isochromosome 12p mosaic ratio, and copy number measured by droplet digital PCR was correlated well with that of fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. CONCLUSION Droplet digital PCR should be considered as an effective tool for both clinical and research analytics to precisely quantify mosaic genomic copy number alterations or mosaic mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Fujiki
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Division of Human Genetics The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew A Deardorff
- Division of Human GeneticsThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Laura K Conlin
- The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Human GeneticsThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaur M, Izumi K, Wilkens AB, Chatfield KC, Spinner NB, Conlin LK, Zhang Z, Krantz ID. Genome-wide expression analysis in fibroblast cell lines from probands with Pallister Killian syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108853. [PMID: 25329894 PMCID: PMC4199614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Pallister Killian syndrome (OMIM: # 601803) is a rare multisystem disorder typically caused by tissue limited mosaic tetrasomy of chromosome 12p (isochromosome 12p). The clinical manifestations of Pallister Killian syndrome are variable with the most common findings including craniofacial dysmorphia, hypotonia, cognitive impairment, hearing loss, skin pigmentary differences and epilepsy. Isochromosome 12p is identified primarily in skin fibroblast cultures and in chorionic villus and amniotic fluid cell samples and may be identified in blood lymphocytes during the neonatal and early childhood period. We performed genomic expression profiling correlated with interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization and single nucleotide polymorphism array quantification of degree of mosaicism in fibroblasts from 17 Caucasian probands with Pallister Killian syndrome and 9 healthy age, gender and ethnicity matched controls. We identified a characteristic profile of 354 (180 up- and 174 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes in Pallister Killian syndrome probands and supportive evidence for a Pallister Killian syndrome critical region on 12p13.31. The differentially expressed genes were enriched for developmentally important genes such as homeobox genes. Among the differentially expressed genes, we identified several genes whose misexpression may be associated with the clinical phenotype of Pallister Killian syndrome such as downregulation of ZFPM2, GATA6 and SOX9, and overexpression of IGFBP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- The Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- The Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alisha B. Wilkens
- The Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kathryn C. Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nancy B. Spinner
- The Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Laura K. Conlin
- The Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ian D. Krantz
- The Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ball AR, Chen YY, Yokomori K. Mechanisms of cohesin-mediated gene regulation and lessons learned from cohesinopathies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1839:191-202. [PMID: 24269489 PMCID: PMC3951616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cohesins are conserved and essential Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) protein-containing complexes that physically interact with chromatin and modulate higher-order chromatin organization. Cohesins mediate sister chromatid cohesion and cellular long-distance chromatin interactions affecting genome maintenance and gene expression. Discoveries of mutations in cohesin's subunits and its regulator proteins in human developmental disorders, so-called "cohesinopathies," reveal crucial roles for cohesins in development and cellular growth and differentiation. In this review, we discuss the latest findings concerning cohesin's functions in higher-order chromatin architecture organization and gene regulation and new insight gained from studies of cohesinopathies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Chromatin and epigenetic regulation of animal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Ball
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1700, USA
| | - Yen-Yun Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1700, USA
| | - Kyoko Yokomori
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1700, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gervasini C, Picinelli C, Azzollini J, Rusconi D, Masciadri M, Cereda A, Marzocchi C, Zampino G, Selicorni A, Tenconi R, Russo S, Larizza L, Finelli P. Genomic imbalances in patients with a clinical presentation in the spectrum of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 14:41. [PMID: 23551878 PMCID: PMC3626829 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterised by facial dysmorphism, growth and psychomotor developmental delay and skeletal defects. To date, causative mutations in the NIPBL (cohesin regulator) and SMC1A (cohesin structural subunit) genes account for > 50% and 6% of cases, respectively. Methods We recruited 50 patients with a CdLS clinical diagnosis or with features that overlap with CdLS, who were negative for mutations at NIPBL and SMC1A at molecular screening. Chromosomal rearrangements accounting for the clinical diagnosis were screened for using array Comparative Genomic Hybridisation (aCGH). Results Four patients were shown to carry imbalances considered to be candidates for having pathogenic roles in their clinical phenotypes: patient 1 had a 4.2 Mb de novo deletion at chromosome 20q11.2-q12; patient 2 had a 4.8 Mb deletion at chromosome 1p36.23-36.22; patient 3 carried an unbalanced translocation, t(7;17), with a 14 Mb duplication of chromosome 17q24.2-25.3 and a 769 Kb deletion at chromosome 7p22.3; patient 4 had an 880 Kb duplication of chromosome 19p13.3, for which his mother, who had a mild phenotype, was also shown to be a mosaic. Conclusions Notwithstanding the variability in size and gene content of the rearrangements comprising the four different imbalances, they all map to regions containing genes encoding factors involved in cell cycle progression or genome stability. These functional similarities, also exhibited by the known CdLS genes, may explain the phenotypic overlap between the patients included in this study and CdLS. Our findings point to the complexity of the clinical diagnosis of CdLS and confirm the existence of phenocopies, caused by imbalances affecting multiple genomic regions, comprising 8% of patients included in this study, who did not have mutations at NIPBL and SMC1A. Our results suggests that analysis by aCGH should be recommended for CdLS spectrum cases with an unexplained clinical phenotype and included in the flow chart for diagnosis of cases with a clinical evaluation in the CdLS spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gervasini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuzniacka A, Wierzba J, Ratajska M, Lipska BS, Koczkowska M, Malinowska M, Limon J. Spectrum of NIPBL gene mutations in Polish patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. J Appl Genet 2013; 54:27-33. [PMID: 23254390 PMCID: PMC3548104 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-012-0126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare multi-system genetic disorder characterised by growth and developmental delay, distinctive facial dysmorphism, limb malformations and multiple organ defects. The disease is caused by mutations in genes responsible for the formation and regulation of cohesin complex. About half of the cases result from mutations in the NIPBL gene coding delangin, a protein regulating the initialisation of cohesion. To date, approximately 250 point mutations have been identified in more than 300 CdLS patients worldwide. In the present study, conducted on a group of 64 unrelated Polish CdLS patients, 25 various NIPBL sequence variants, including 22 novel point mutations, were detected. Additionally, large genomic deletions on chromosome 5p13 encompassing the NIPBL gene locus were detected in two patients with the most severe CdLS phenotype. Taken together, 42 % of patients were found to have a deleterious alteration affecting the NIPBL gene, by and large private ones (89 %). The review of the types of mutations found so far in Polish patients, their frequency and correlation with the severity of the observed phenotype shows that Polish CdLS cases do not significantly differ from other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kuzniacka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology and Endocrinology, Department of General Nursery, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 7 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ratajska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Beata S. Lipska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Koczkowska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Malinowska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Limon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 str., 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cornelia-de Lange syndrome in an Egyptian infant with unusual bone deformities. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
13
|
Havugimana PC, Hart GT, Nepusz T, Yang H, Turinsky AL, Li Z, Wang PI, Boutz DR, Fong V, Phanse S, Babu M, Craig SA, Hu P, Wan C, Vlasblom J, Dar VUN, Bezginov A, Clark GW, Wu GC, Wodak SJ, Tillier ERM, Paccanaro A, Marcotte EM, Emili A. A census of human soluble protein complexes. Cell 2012; 150:1068-81. [PMID: 22939629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellular processes often depend on stable physical associations between proteins. Despite recent progress, knowledge of the composition of human protein complexes remains limited. To close this gap, we applied an integrative global proteomic profiling approach, based on chromatographic separation of cultured human cell extracts into more than one thousand biochemical fractions that were subsequently analyzed by quantitative tandem mass spectrometry, to systematically identify a network of 13,993 high-confidence physical interactions among 3,006 stably associated soluble human proteins. Most of the 622 putative protein complexes we report are linked to core biological processes and encompass both candidate disease genes and unannotated proteins to inform on mechanism. Strikingly, whereas larger multiprotein assemblies tend to be more extensively annotated and evolutionarily conserved, human protein complexes with five or fewer subunits are far more likely to be functionally unannotated or restricted to vertebrates, suggesting more recent functional innovations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre C Havugimana
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wierzba J, Gil-Rodríguez MC, Polucha A, Puisac B, Arnedo M, Teresa-Rodrigo ME, Winnicka D, Hegardt FG, Ramos FJ, Limon J, Pié J. Cornelia de Lange syndrome with NIPBL mutation and mosaic Turner syndrome in the same individual. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2012; 13:43. [PMID: 22676896 PMCID: PMC3458943 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a dominantly inherited disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism, growth and cognitive impairment, limb malformations and multiple organ involvement. Mutations in NIPBL gene account for about 60% of patients with CdLS. This gene encodes a key regulator of the Cohesin complex, which controls sister chromatid segregation during both mitosis and meiosis. Turner syndrome (TS) results from the partial or complete absence of one of the X chromosomes, usually associated with congenital lymphedema, short stature, and gonadal dysgenesis. Case presentation Here we report a four-year-old female with CdLS due to a frameshift mutation in the NIPBL gene (c.1445_1448delGAGA), who also had a tissue-specific mosaic 45,X/46,XX karyotype. The patient showed a severe form of CdLS with craniofacial dysmorphism, pre- and post-natal growth delay, cardiovascular abnormalities, hirsutism and severe psychomotor retardation with behavioural problems. She also presented with minor clinical features consistent with TS, including peripheral lymphedema and webbed neck. The NIPBL mutation was present in the two tissues analysed from different embryonic origins (peripheral blood lymphocytes and oral mucosa epithelial cells). However, the percentage of cells with monosomy X was low and variable in tissues. These findings indicate that, ontogenically, the NIPBL mutation may have appeared before the mosaic monosomy X. Conclusions The coexistence in several patients of these two rare disorders raises the issue of whether there is indeed a cause-effect association. The detailed clinical descriptions indicate predominant CdLS phenotype, although additional TS manifestations may appear in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) (OMIM #122470, #300590 and #610759) is a dominant genetic disorder with multiple organ system abnormalities which is classically characterized by typical facial features, growth and mental retardation, upper limb defects, hirsutism, gastrointestinal and other visceral system involvement. Mutations in three cohesin proteins, a key regulator of cohesin, NIPBL, and two structural components of the cohesin ring SMC1A and SMC3, etiologically account for about 65% of individuals with CdLS. Cohesin controls faithful chromosome segregation during the mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. Multiple proteins in the cohesin pathway are also involved in additional fundamental biological events such as double-strand DNA break repair and long-range regulation of transcription. Moreover, chromosome instability was recently associated with defective sister chromatid cohesion in several cancer studies, and an increasing number of human developmental disorders is being reported to result from disruption of this pathway. Here, we will discuss the human disorders caused by alterations of cohesin function (termed 'cohesinopathies'), with an emphasis on the clinical manifestations of CdLS and mechanistic studies of the CdLS-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Division of Human Molecular Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Uzun H, Senses DA, Uluba M, Kocabay K. A newborn with Cornelia de Lange syndrome: a case report. CASES JOURNAL 2008; 1:329. [PMID: 19019222 PMCID: PMC2611981 DOI: 10.1186/1757-1626-1-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rarely seen multisystem developmental disorder syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphia (arched eyebrows, synophrys, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, down-turned angles of the mouth), upper-extremity malformations, hirsutism, cardiac defects, growth and cognitive retardation, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. The features of this disorder vary widely among affected individuals and range from relatively mild to severe. Early in life, the distinctive craniofacial features in mild de Lange syndrome may be indistinguishable from the severe (classical) phenotype. We present here a case of newborn with CdLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Uzun
- Department of Pediatrics, Duzce University School of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gervasini C, Pfundt R, Castronovo P, Russo S, Roversi G, Masciadri M, Milani D, Zampino G, Selicorni A, Schoenmakers EFPM, Larizza L. Search for genomic imbalances in a cohort of 24 Cornelia de Lange patients negative for mutations in the NIPBL and SMC1L1 genes. Clin Genet 2008; 74:531-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
19
|
DeScipio C, Spinner NB, Kaur M, Yaeger D, Conlin LK, Ambrosini A, Hu S, Shan S, Krantz ID, Riethman H. Fine-mapping subtelomeric deletions and duplications by comparative genomic hybridization in 42 individuals. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:730-9. [PMID: 18257100 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human subtelomere regions contain numerous gene-rich segments and are susceptible to germline rearrangements. The availability of diagnostic test kits to detect subtelomeric rearrangements has resulted in the diagnosis of numerous abnormalities with clinical implications including congenital heart abnormalities and mental retardation. Several of these have been described as clinically recognizable syndromes (e.g., deletion of 1p, 3p, 5q, 6p, 9q, and 22q). Given this, fine-mapping of subtelomeric breakpoints is of increasing importance to the assessment of genotype-phenotype correlations in these recognized syndromes as well as to the identification of additional syndromes. We developed a BAC and cosmid-based DNA array (TEL array) with high-resolution coverage of 10 Mb-sized subtelomeric regions, and used it to analyze 42 samples from unrelated patients with subtelomeric rearrangements whose breakpoints were previously either unmapped or mapped at a lower resolution than that achievable with the TEL array. Six apparently recurrent subtelomeric breakpoint loci were localized to genomic regions containing segmental duplication, copy number variation, and sequence gaps. Small (1 Mb or less) candidate gene regions for clinical phenotypes in separate patients were identified for 3p, 6q, 9q, and 10p deletions as well as for a 19q duplication. In addition to fine-mapping nearly all of the expected breakpoints, several previously unidentified rearrangements were detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl DeScipio
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Barisic I, Tokic V, Loane M, Bianchi F, Calzolari E, Garne E, Wellesley D, Dolk H. Descriptive epidemiology of Cornelia de Lange syndrome in Europe. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:51-9. [PMID: 18074387 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome consisting of characteristic dysmorphic features, microcephaly, hypertrichosis, upper limb defects, growth retardation, developmental delay, and a variety of associated malformations. We present a population-based epidemiological study of the classical form of CdLS. The data were extracted from the database of European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) database, a European network of birth defect registries which follow a standard methodology. Based on 23 years of epidemiologic monitoring (8,558,346 births in the 1980-2002 period), we found the prevalence of the classical form of CdLS to be 1.24/100,000 births or 1:81,000 births and estimated the overall CdLS prevalence at 1.6-2.2/100,000. Live born children accounted for 91.5% (97/106) of cases, fetal deaths 2.8% (3/106), and terminations of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis 5.7% (6/106). The most frequent associated congenital malformations were limb defects (73.1%), congenital heart defects (45.6%), central nervous system malformations (40.2%), and cleft palate (21.7%). In the last 11 years, as much as 68% of cases with major malformations were not detected by routine prenatal US. Live born infants with CdLS have a high first week survival (91.4%). All patients were sporadic. Maternal and paternal age did not seem to be risk factors for CdLS. Almost 70% of patients, born after the 37th week of gestation, weighed <or=2,500 g. Low birth weight correlated with a more severe phenotype. Severe limb anomalies were significantly more often present in males.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a dominant multisystem disorder caused by a disruption of cohesin function. The cohesin ring complex is composed of four protein subunits and more than 25 additional proteins involved in its regulation. The discovery that this complex also has a fundamental role in long-range regulation of transcription in Drosophila has shed light on the mechanism likely responsible for its role in development. In addition to the three cohesin proteins involved in CdLS, a second multisystem, recessively inherited, developmental disorder, Roberts-SC phocomelia, is caused by mutations in another regulator of the cohesin complex, ESCO2. Here we review the phenotypes of these disorders, collectively termed cohesinopathies, as well as the mechanism by which cohesin disruption likely causes these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglan Liu
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Ian D. Krantz
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CDLS) is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, developmental delay, growth retardation, low birth weight, skeletal formation anomaly, and hirsutism. CASE Here for the first time a case of CDLS from Iran, a 15-week-old male infant who was refereed as a case of multiple congenital anomalies. Clinical investigation showed that the child was a case of CDLS. CONCLUSION This is the first case report with CDLS in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Tayebi
- Medical Doctor-Genetic Counselor, Genetic Research Center-Shahid Fiazbakhsh Rehabilitation Comprehensive Center-Yazd Welfare organization
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hayashi S, Ono M, Makita Y, Imoto I, Mizutani S, Inazawa J. Fortuitous detection of a submicroscopic deletion at 1q25 in a girl with Cornelia-de Lange syndrome carrying t(5;13)(p13.1;q12.1) by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:1191-7. [PMID: 17497725 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 2-year-old Japanese girl with Cornelia-de Lange syndrome (CdLS) who had mental and growth retardation, together with characteristic facial anomalies and mild extremity malformations. She had a balanced chromosomal translocation, 46,XX,t(5;13)(p13.1;q12.1) de novo. Surprisingly, this was the same translocation that had provided a clue to the identification of a major causative gene for CdLS, NIPBL [Krantz et al., 2004; Tonkin et al., 2004]. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the breakpoint was confirmed to lie within NIPBL at 5p13.1. Furthermore, array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) demonstrated a cryptic 1-Mb deletion harboring six known genes at 1q25-q31.1. A FISH analysis of her parents confirmed that the deletion was de novo. Although patients with interstitial deletions at 1q are rare, some of their features were similar to those observed in our patient, indicating that her clinical manifestations are likely to be affected by not only the disruption of NIPBL but also the concomitant microdeletion at 1q25-q31.1. The present case suggests that array-CGH can uncover cryptic genomic aberrations affecting atypical phenotypes even in well-known congenital disorders.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Breakage
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- De Lange Syndrome/genetics
- Female
- Genome, Human/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ellaithi M, Gisselsson D, Nilsson T, Elagib A, Fadl-Elmula I, Abdelgadir M. A case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome from Sudan. BMC Pediatr 2007; 7:6. [PMID: 17261173 PMCID: PMC1794225 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-7-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brachmann de Lange syndrome (BDLS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, psychomotor delay, behavioral problems, and malformations of the upper extremities. Case presentation Here we present for the first time a case of BDLS from Sudan, a 7-month-old female infant, who was referred as a case of malnutrition. The patient was from a Sudanese western tribe. Clinical investigation showed that the child was a classical case of BDLS, but with some additional clinical findings not previously reported including crowded ribs and tied tongue. Conclusion Reporting BDLS cases of different ethnic backgrounds could add nuances to the phenotypic description of the syndrome and be helpful in diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ellaithi
- The Orchids Organization for Children with Special Needs, Khartoum, Sudan
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Therese Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Atif Elagib
- Tropical Medical Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Imad Fadl-Elmula
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schoumans J, Wincent J, Barbaro M, Djureinovic T, Maguire P, Forsberg L, Staaf J, Thuresson AC, Borg A, Nordgren A, Malm G, Anderlid BM. Comprehensive mutational analysis of a cohort of Swedish Cornelia de Lange syndrome patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2006; 15:143-9. [PMID: 17106445 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS; OMIM 122470) is a rare multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome characterized by distinctive dysmorphic facial features, severe growth and developmental delay and abnormalities of the upper limbs. About 50% of CdLS patients have been found to have heterozygous mutations in the NIPBL gene and a few cases were recently found to be caused by mutations in the X-linked SMC1L1 gene. We performed a mutation screening of all NIPBL coding exons by direct sequencing in 11 patients (nine sporadic and two familial cases) diagnosed with CdLS in Sweden and detected mutations in seven of the cases. All were de novo, and six of the mutations have not been previously described. Four patients without identifiable NIPBL mutations were subsequently subjected to multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis to exclude whole exon deletions/duplications of NIPBL. In addition, mutation analysis of the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of NIPBL was performed. Tiling resolution array comparative genomic hybridization analysis was carried out on these four patients to detect cryptic chromosome imbalances and in addition the boys were screened for SMC1L1 mutations. We found a de novo 9p duplication with a size of 0.6 Mb in one of the patients with a CdLS-like phenotype but no mutations were detected in SMC1L1. So far, two genes (NIPBL and SMC1L1) have been identified causing CdLS or CdLS-like phenotypes. However, in a considerable proportion of individuals demonstrating the CdLS phenotype, mutations in any of these two genes are not found and other potential loci harboring additional CdLS-causing genes should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Schoumans
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yan J, Saifi GM, Wierzba TH, Withers M, Bien-Willner GA, Limon J, Stankiewicz P, Lupski JR, Wierzba J. Mutational and genotype-phenotype correlation analyses in 28 Polish patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:1531-41. [PMID: 16770807 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem congenital anomaly disorder characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, distinctive facial dysmorphism, limb malformations, and multiple organ defects. Mutations in the NIPBL gene have been discovered recently as a major etiology for this syndrome, and were detected in 27-56% of patients. Two groups have found significant differences in the severity or penetrance of some phenotypes between mutation positive and mutation negative patients. Different clinical features have also been described among patients with missense versus truncating mutations. In this study, we identified 13 NIPBL mutations in 28 unrelated Polish CdLS patients (46.4%), 11 were novel. Mutation positive patients were more severely affected in comparison to mutation negative individuals with respect to weight, height, and mean head circumference at birth, facial dysmorphism and speech impairment. Analyses of combined data from this and the two previous studies revealed that the degree of growth, developmental delay and limb defects showed significant differences between patients with and without mutations and between patients with missense and truncating mutations, whereas only a portion of these features differed significantly in any individual study. Furthermore, bioinformatic analyses of the NIPBL protein revealed several novel domains, which may give further clues about potential functions of this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Yan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|