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Circumstance-dependent functional variants in the major long QT syndrome genes in patients with recurrent polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias: a case series. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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2
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Homma K. The Pathological Mechanisms of Hearing Loss Caused by KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 Variants. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092254. [PMID: 36140355 PMCID: PMC9496569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness-associated genes KCNQ1 (also associated with heart diseases) and KCNQ4 (only associated with hearing loss) encode the homotetrameric voltage-gated potassium ion channels Kv7.1 and Kv7.4, respectively. To date, over 700 KCNQ1 and over 70 KCNQ4 variants have been identified in patients. The vast majority of these variants are inherited dominantly, and their pathogenicity is often explained by dominant-negative inhibition or haploinsufficiency. Our recent study unexpectedly identified cell-death-inducing cytotoxicity in several Kv7.1 and Kv7.4 variants. Elucidation of this cytotoxicity mechanism and identification of its modifiers (drugs) have great potential for aiding the development of a novel pharmacological strategy against many pathogenic KCNQ variants. The purpose of this review is to disseminate this emerging pathological role of Kv7 variants and to underscore the importance of experimentally characterizing disease-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; ; Tel.: +1-312-503-5344
- The Hugh Knowles Center for Clinical and Basic Science in Hearing and Its Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60608, USA
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3
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Singh SP, William M, Malavia M, Chu XP. Behavior of KCNQ Channels in Neural Plasticity and Motor Disorders. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050499. [PMID: 35629827 PMCID: PMC9143857 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The broad distribution of voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) in the human body makes them a critical component for the study of physiological and pathological function. Within the KCNQ family of VGKCs, these aqueous conduits serve an array of critical roles in homeostasis, especially in neural tissue. Moreover, the greater emphasis on genomic identification in the past century has led to a growth in literature on the role of the ion channels in pathological disease as well. Despite this, there is a need to consolidate the updated findings regarding both the pharmacotherapeutic and pathological roles of KCNQ channels, especially regarding neural plasticity and motor disorders which have the largest body of literature on this channel. Specifically, KCNQ channels serve a remarkable role in modulating the synaptic efficiency required to create appropriate plasticity in the brain. This role can serve as a foundation for clinical approaches to chronic pain. Additionally, KCNQ channels in motor disorders have been utilized as a direction for contemporary pharmacotherapeutic developments due to the muscarinic properties of this channel. The aim of this study is to provide a contemporary review of the behavior of these channels in neural plasticity and motor disorders. Upon review, the behavior of these channels is largely dependent on the physiological role that KCNQ modulatory factors (i.e., pharmacotherapeutic options) serve in pathological diseases.
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4
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El Charif O, Mapes B, Trendowski MR, Wheeler HE, Wing C, Dinh PC, Frisina RD, Feldman DR, Hamilton RJ, Vaughn DJ, Fung C, Kollmannsberger C, Mushiroda T, Kubo M, Gamazon ER, Cox NJ, Huddart R, Ardeshir-Rouhani-Fard S, Monahan P, Fossa SD, Einhorn LH, Travis LB, Dolan ME. Clinical and Genome-wide Analysis of Cisplatin-induced Tinnitus Implicates Novel Ototoxic Mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4104-4116. [PMID: 30952644 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, results in tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound. Our purpose was to identify the clinical and genetic determinants of tinnitus among testicular cancer survivors (TCS) following cisplatin-based chemotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TCS (n = 762) were dichotomized to cases (moderate/severe tinnitus; n = 154) and controls (none; n = 608). Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations with comorbidities and SNP dosages in genome-wide association study (GWAS) following quality control and imputation (covariates: age, noise exposure, cisplatin dose, genetic principal components). Pathway over-representation tests and functional studies in mouse auditory cells were performed. RESULTS Cisplatin-induced tinnitus (CisIT) significantly associated with age at diagnosis (P = 0.007) and cumulative cisplatin dose (P = 0.007). CisIT prevalence was not significantly greater in 400 mg/m2-treated TCS compared with 300 (P = 0.41), but doses >400 mg/m2 (median 580, range 402-828) increased risk by 2.61-fold (P < 0.0001). CisIT cases had worse hearing at each frequency (0.25-12 kHz, P < 0.0001), and reported more vertigo (OR = 6.47; P < 0.0001) and problems hearing in a crowd (OR = 8.22; P < 0.0001) than controls. Cases reported poorer health (P < 0.0001) and greater psychotropic medication use (OR = 2.4; P = 0.003). GWAS suggested a variant near OTOS (rs7606353, P = 2 × 10-6) and OTOS eQTLs were significantly enriched independently of that SNP (P = 0.018). OTOS overexpression in HEI-OC1, a mouse auditory cell line, resulted in resistance to cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Pathway analysis implicated potassium ion transport (q = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS CisIT associated with several neuro-otological symptoms, increased use of psychotropic medication, and poorer health. OTOS, expressed in the cochlear lateral wall, was implicated as protective. Future studies should investigate otoprotective targets in supporting cochlear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar El Charif
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brandon Mapes
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Heather E Wheeler
- Departments of Biology and Computer Science, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Claudia Wing
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Paul C Dinh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Departments of Medical and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Communication Sciences & Disorders, Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Darren R Feldman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J Vaughn
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chunkit Fung
- J.P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | | | | | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Patrick Monahan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sophie D Fossa
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lawrence H Einhorn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Lois B Travis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - M Eileen Dolan
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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5
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Allelic Complexity in Long QT Syndrome: A Family-Case Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081633. [PMID: 28749435 PMCID: PMC5578023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is associated with high genetic and allelic heterogeneity. In some cases, more than one genetic variant is identified in the same (compound heterozygosity) or different (digenic heterozygosity) genes, and subjects with multiple pathogenic mutations may have a more severe disease. Standard-of-care clinical genetic testing for this and other arrhythmia susceptibility syndromes improves the identification of complex genotypes. Therefore, it is important to distinguish between pathogenic mutations and benign rare variants. We identified four genetic variants (KCNQ1-p.R583H, KCNH2-p.C108Y, KCNH2-p.K897T, and KCNE1-p.G38S) in an LQTS family. On the basis of in silico analysis, clinical data from our family, and the evidence from previous studies, we analyzed two mutated channels, KCNQ1-p.R583H and KCNH2-p.C108Y, using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. We found that KCNQ1-p.R583H was not associated with a severe functional impairment, whereas KCNH2-p.C108Y, a novel variant, encoded a non-functional channel that exerts dominant-negative effects on the wild-type. Notably, the common variants KCNH2-p.K897T and KCNE1-p.G38S were previously reported to produce more severe phenotypes when combined with disease-causing alleles. Our results indicate that the novel KCNH2-C108Y variant can be a pathogenic LQTS mutation, whereas KCNQ1-p.R583H, KCNH2-p.K897T, and KCNE1-p.G38S could be LQTS modifiers.
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Zafari Z, Dalili M, Zeinali S, Saber S, Fazeli Far AF, Akbari MT. Identification and characterization of a novel recessive KCNQ1 mutation associated with Romano-Ward Long-QT syndrome in two Iranian families. J Electrocardiol 2017; 50:912-918. [PMID: 29033053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the foremost causes of sudden cardiac death in the young is an inherent cardiac arrhythmia known as Long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Whereas heterozygous mutations typically lead to the Romano-Ward type of LQTS, We have provided a further evidence for the recessive transmission of a novel KCNQ1 gene mutation in two consanguineous families for the first time in Iran. METHODS Next generation sequencing, DNA Sanger sequencing and haplotype analysis were performed for genotype determination. Twelve different in silico tools were used for predicting the variant pathogenecity along with the family and population study. RESULTS A novel recessive KCNQ1 variant (p.D564G) was revealed in none of the unrelated healthy individuals but four patients in two apparently unrelated families. The variant was classified as a likely pathogenic mutation by combining the resulted criteria for the changed amino acid. CONCLUSIONS Identification of the novel mutation not only supports the genetic testing as a definitive diagnostic tool for detection of at risk family members, but also emphasizes its screening in Iranian LQTS patients as this mutation is very likely a founder mutation in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zafari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dalili
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirus Zeinali
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Saber
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Farjam Fazeli Far
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Akbari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Bdier AY, Al-Ghamdi S, Verma PK, Dagriri K, Alshehri B, Jiman OA, Ahmed SE, Wilde AAM, Bhuiyan ZA, Al-Aama JY. Autosomal recessive long QT syndrome, type 1 in eight families from Saudi Arabia. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:592-601. [PMID: 28944242 PMCID: PMC5606890 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the most common primary cardiac arrhythmia syndromes is autosomal dominant long QT syndrome, type 1 (LQT1), chiefly caused by mono‐allelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene. Bi‐allelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene are causal to Jervell and Lange‐Nielsen syndrome (JLNS), characterized by severe and early‐onset arrhythmias with prolonged QTc interval on surface ECG and sensorineural deafness. Occasionally, bi‐allelic mutations in KCNQ1 are also found in patients without any deafness, referred to as autosomal recessive long QT syndrome, type 1 (AR LQT1). Methods We used Sanger sequencing to detect the pathogenic mutations in KCNQ1 gene in eight families from Saudi Arabia with autosomal recessive LQT1. Results We have detected pathogenic mutations in all eight families, two of the mutations are founder mutations, which are c.387‐5T>A and p.Val172Met/p.Arg293Cys (in cis). QTc and cardiac phenotype was found to be pronounced in all the probands comparable to the cardiac phenotype in JLNS patients. Heterozygous carriers for these mutations did not exhibit any clinical phenotype, but a significant number of them have sinus bradycardia. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a large series of patients with familial autosomal recessive LQT, type 1. These mutations could be used for targeted screening in cardiac arrhythmia patients in Saudi Arabia and in people of Arabic ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnah Y Bdier
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Genetic MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Prashant K Verma
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of CardiologyNGHRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Dagriri
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyPrince Sultan Cardiac CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alshehri
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Omamah A Jiman
- Department of Genetic MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Sherif E Ahmed
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of GeneticsFaculty of AgricultureAin shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Department of CardiologyAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Zahurul A Bhuiyan
- Laboratoire de Génétique MoléculaireService de médecine génétiqueCHUVLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jumana Y Al-Aama
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of CardiologyNGHRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Nishimura M, Ueda M, Ebata R, Utsuno E, Ishii T, Matsushita K, Ohara O, Shimojo N, Kobayashi Y, Nomura F. A novel KCNQ1 nonsense variant in the isoform-specific first exon causes both jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 1 and long QT syndrome 1: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:66. [PMID: 28595573 PMCID: PMC5465588 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background According to previous KCNQ1 (potassium channel, voltage gated, KQT-like subfamily, member 1) gene screening studies, missense variants, but not nonsense or frame-shift variants, cause the majority of long QT syndrome (LQTS; Romano-Ward syndrome [RWS]) 1 cases. Several missense variants are reported to cause RWS by a dominant-negative mechanism, and some KCNQ1 variants can cause both Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome (JLNS; in an autosomal recessive manner) and LQTS1 (in an autosomal dominant manner), while other KCNQ1 variants cause only JLNS. The human KCNQ1 gene is known to have two transcript isoforms (kidney isoform and pancreas isoform), and both isoforms can form a functional cardiac potassium channel. Case presentation Here, we report a novel nonsense KCNQ1 variant causing not only JLNS, but also significant QTc prolongation identical to RWS in an autosomal dominant manner. Our case study supports that haploinsufficiency in the KCNQ1 gene is causative of significant QTc prolongation identical to RWS. Interestingly, the nonsense variant (NM_000218.2:c.115G > T [p.Glu39X]) locates in exon 1a of KCNQ1, which is a kidney-isoform specific exon. The variant is located closer to the N-terminus than previously identified nonsense or frame-shift variants. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing that a nonsense variant in exon 1a of KCNQ1, which is the kidney-isoform specific exon, causes JLNS. Our findings may be informative to the genetic pathogenesis of RWS and JLNS caused by KCNQ1 variants. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0430-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan. .,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Marehiko Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryota Ebata
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Emi Utsuno
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishii
- Kawaguchi Kogyo General Hospital, 1-18-10, Sakae-cho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0017, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Kazusa DNA Reaearch Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimojo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan.,Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, 260-8670, Japan
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9
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Coto E, García-Fernández FJ, Calvo D, Salgado-Aranda R, Martín-González J, Alonso B, Iglesias S, Gómez J. An elderly Jervell and Lange-Nielsen patient heterozygous compound for two new KCNQ1 mutations. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:749-752. [PMID: 27868350 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We present the case of a 66-year-old female with early onset deafness and seizures, who was diagnosed with epilepsy at the age of 2 years. She received antiepileptic drugs and was free of syncope episodes for 32 years. After a syncope at the age of 34, the ECG was characteristic of long-QT syndrome and was treated with antiarrhythmic drugs. Sequencing of the KCNQ1 gene identified two novel KCNQ1 variants interpreted to be pathogenic, and the patient was finally diagnosed with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliecer Coto
- Genética Molecular and Cardiología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain.,Department Medicina, Universidad Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - David Calvo
- Genética Molecular and Cardiología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Belén Alonso
- Genética Molecular and Cardiología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Iglesias
- Genética Molecular and Cardiología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez
- Genética Molecular and Cardiología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
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