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Fikry M, Benjakul S, Al-Ghamdi S, Mittal A, Nilsuwan K, Fulleros R, Dabbour M. Sorption Isotherms and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Gelatin Powder Extracted from Whitefish Skin: Mathematical Modeling Approach. Foods 2023; 13:92. [PMID: 38201120 PMCID: PMC10778505 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Moisture adsorption and desorption isotherms of gelatin extracted from whitefish skin powder (FSGP) at different temperatures across a wide range of water activity were determined along with their thermodynamic properties. Nine mathematical models were utilized for fitting the experimental data and simulating the adsorption and desorption behavior. The thermodynamic properties were determined and fitted to the experimental data. The results showed that Peleg and GAB models were the best fit for FSGP. The energies involved in the adsorption and desorption process of FSGP indicated a stronger dependence on equilibrium moisture content (Xe). When Xe decreased, there was a consistent trend of increasing thermodynamic properties. Both the moisture adsorption and desorption behaviors of FSGP were, therefore, non-spontaneous processes. Linear correlations between the changes in enthalpy and entropy for adsorption and desorption were observed, indicating the presence of enthalpy-entropy compensation for FSGP. For preserving FSGP quality, it should be stored with Xw ≤ 8 (gw/gdm, d.b.) at temperatures below 53 °C and an RH of 50% to avoid it becoming rubbery. These findings are crucial for providing insight into the optimal drying and storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fikry
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (A.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (A.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-G.); (R.F.)
| | - Ajay Mittal
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (A.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Krisana Nilsuwan
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (A.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Ronnel Fulleros
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-G.); (R.F.)
| | - Mokhtar Dabbour
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
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2
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Dar L, Baarimah A, Alshehrani S, Alasiri A, Alassiri M, Al-Ghamdi S. Male Genital Mutilation in the Name of Ritual Circumcision: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Urol 2023; 2023:9935247. [PMID: 37841831 PMCID: PMC10576645 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9935247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike female genital mutilation, the alteration of male genitals has not received much attention. Circumcision is the most common and oldest surgical procedure being performed. When performed by surgeons or well-trained personal the procedure is safe, but most of the times it is being performed by untrained people with no or little medical background. This has led to many complications. Total skin loss is an uncommon but serious complication. There is an ongoing debate regarding the management of this complication. Here, we present a case of total penile skin loss which had resulted from penile mutilation in the name of ritual circumcision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latif Dar
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhareth Baarimah
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Khamis Mushayt Maternity and Children Hospital (KMMCH), Khamis Mushayt, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshehrani
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhassan Alasiri
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alassiri
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Fikry M, Benjakul S, Al-Ghamdi S, Tagrida M, Prodpran T. Evaluating Kinetics of Convection Drying and Microstructure Characteristics of Asian Seabass Fish Skin without and with Ultrasound Pretreatment. Foods 2023; 12:3024. [PMID: 37628023 PMCID: PMC10453671 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Convection drying in combination with ultrasound pretreatment has emerged as a promising technology for seafood manufacturing. The primary objective of this research was to model the mass transfer process of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) fish skin without and with ultrasound pretreatment during convection drying at different temperatures (45, 55, and 65 °C). Additionally, the study aimed to examine the impact of ultrasound pretreatment and temperatures on the drying characteristics and specific energy consumption for drying of Asian seabass fish skin. Seven semi-theoretical models, namely Lewis, Page, modified Page, Vega-Lemus, Verma, Henderson and Pabis, and two-term models, were employed to characterize the moisture transfer process. The results of the study indicated a decrease in the moisture content as the drying time increased at different drying temperatures. Higher drying temperatures were associated with an increased drying rate. Among the mathematical models tested, the modified Page model provided a satisfactory description of the thin-layer drying characteristics of fish skin. Fick's law of diffusion was utilized to determine the effective moisture diffusivities. Comparing the drying of fish skin without (SS) and with ultrasound pretreatment (US-SS), the drying of the latter generally showed higher Deff values. The temperature dependence of the effective diffusivity coefficient was well described by the Arrhenius-type model. An increase in the drying temperature resulted in an increment of the effective moisture diffusivity. In general, the skin pretreated using ultrasound had a reduced drying time, by up to 28%. Additionally, this approach contributed to an approximate 22% reduction in the specific energy consumption, concurrently enhancing the energy efficiency. The microstructure analysis showed that fresh and dried US-SS samples had a more open structure and higher porosity, in comparison to the corresponding SS samples. These findings contribute to the knowledge on the application of ultrasound as the pretreatment of fish skin before drying and provide valuable insights for the development of potential drying techniques in the seafood industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fikry
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.B.); (M.T.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Tagrida
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Thummanoon Prodpran
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.B.); (M.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Bio-Based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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4
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Alfaifi BM, Al-Ghamdi S, Othman MB, Hobani AI, Suliman GM. Advanced Red Meat Cooking Technologies and Their Effect on Engineering and Quality Properties: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:2564. [PMID: 37444300 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to investigate the basic principles of red meat cooking technologies, including traditional and modern methods, and their effects on the physical, thermal, mechanical, sensory, and microbial characteristics of red meat. Cooking methods were categorized into two categories: traditional (cooking in the oven and frying) and modern (ohmic, sous vide, and microwave cooking). When red meat is subjected to high temperatures during food manufacturing, it undergoes changes in its engineering and quality attributes. The quality standards of meat products are associated with several attributes that are determined by food technologists and consumers based on their preferences. Cooking improves the palatability of meat in terms of tenderness, flavor, and juiciness, in addition to eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. The process of meat packaging is one of the important processes that extend the life span of meat and increase its shelf life due to non-exposure to oxygen during cooking and ease of handling without being exposed to microbial contamination. This review highlights the significance of meat cooking mathematical modeling in understanding heat and mass transfer phenomena, reducing costs, and maintaining meat quality. The critical overview considers various production aspects/quality and proposed methods, such as, but not limited to, hurdle technology, for the mass production of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar M Alfaifi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moath B Othman
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Foods & Environment, Sana'a University, Sana'a 13020, Yemen
| | - Ali I Hobani
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Arif KB, Said S, Khiro N, Ibrahem S, Al-Ghamdi S. Demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer in Kirkuk governorate, Iraq. Hum Antibodies 2023; 31:89-98. [PMID: 38217589 DOI: 10.3233/hab-230011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND World-wide Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with one million new cases a year. Historically, a higher incidence of this disease has been recorded among the elderly in the western countries, but it is increasing in developing countries and in younger age groups. AIM This study aims to find whether CRC cancer is progressively affecting the younger age groups known as early onset (< 50 years). In addition, it describes the pathological characteristics of CRC in early onset CRC cases. METHOD The study is retrospective cross-sectional. It was conducted over a period of five months from October 1st 2019 till 1st March 1st 2020. Data were drawn from patients with CRC from their medical records at Kirkuk Oncology Centre (KOC) and from the IRAQI National CANCER REGISTRY (INCR) over thirteen years period from 2006 to 2018. The basic data we obtained for each patient include sex, age, and stage, grade of the disease at diagnosis and mode of presentation. RESULTS The Initial study population included 654 patients of both genders and all ages. CRC occurred in < 5.5/100,000 population per year which accounted for < 8% of total malignancies (2006-2018). The patients were divided into two groups; an early onset (< 50 years) group and a late onset CRC (⩾ 50 years) group. The final study population provided enough data for 238 patients for the years (2014-2018) with an age range of 20-91 and a mean of 54.4 years. The males were ∼54% while ∼46% were females. The age group under 50 years (early onset CRC) was ∼41% (no 98) while those who are 50 years and older (late onset) stood for 59% (no 140). There were no statistical differences between the two age groups regarding stage, grade, or presenting symptom. CONCLUSION CRC is common in early onsets or young age groups with similar pathological characteristics to those of the late onset cancer. Accordingly, even mild lower gastrointestinal symptoms should be taken seriously. The study points toward an increasing awareness of the population on the importance of colorectal cancer. Also, conducting more surveillance studies and investigations would be recommended for early detections of the disease in young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bahram Arif
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Summer Said
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kirkuk University, Hepatology and Gastrointestinal Centre, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Nawfal Khiro
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salih Ibrahem
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Applied Clinical Research Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Albahr Z, Al-Ghamdi S, Tang J, Sablani SS. Pressure-Assisted Thermal Sterilization and Storage Stability of Avocado Puree in High Barrier Polymeric Packaging. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Badahdah AA, Al-Ghamdi S, Banjar A, Elfirt E, Almarghlani A, Elfert A, Bahanan L. The association between salivary zinc levels and dysgeusia in COVID-19 patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6885-6891. [PMID: 36196740 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Zinc insufficiency has been proposed to play a role in taste and smell impairment in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing salivary zinc levels in COVID-19 patients with and without dysgeusia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 127 participants were recruited for this study. The patients were divided into three groups based on their COVID-19 test results and taste impairment. Groups I and II were COVID-19 positive with and without taste loss, respectively. Group III included the negative control participants. Salivary zinc levels were measured at baseline in all groups and three months after baseline in groups I and II. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the zinc levels between baseline and three months after baseline within each group. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare zinc levels between groups with different degrees of taste loss. RESULTS Salivary zinc levels were significantly lower in the COVID-19 positive group with taste loss compared to levels in the group without taste loss or the negative controls (p<0.005). Three months after baseline, salivary zinc levels were significantly elevated in both COVID-19 positive groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients with dysgeusia had significantly lower levels of salivary zinc than positive and negative controls. Zinc levels were elevated after recovery, which may indicate that salivary zinc is directly associated with taste abnormalities and COVID-19 outcomes. This study showed that taste impairment is associated with lower salivary zinc levels in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Badahdah
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Al-Ghamdi S, Sonar CR, Albahr Z, Alqahtani O, Collins BA, Sablani SS. Pressure-assisted thermal sterilization of avocado puree in high barrier polymeric packaging. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dar L, Baarimah A, Al-Ghamdi S, Alshahrani S. Penetrating scrotal injury due to a bamboo stick in a child: A case report and literature review. Urol Case Rep 2021; 41:101976. [PMID: 34917480 PMCID: PMC8666330 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2021.101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The penetrating scrotal trauma is rare in children. Due to low incidence of penetrating scrotal injuries in children, the evaluation and management of this type of injuries has not been well described. To prevent the long term sequalae and complications all such injuries require a prompt surgical exploration and management. We are reporting a five-year-old boy with a penetrating injury in his scrotum due to a bamboo stick. After the stabilization and lab and radiological workup patient was subjected to surgical exploration. Inspite of the severity of the trauma the testis and the spermatic cord were spared of any injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latif Dar
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child Hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhareth Baarimah
- Department of Urology, International Medical Center (IMC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child Hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Abha Maternity and Child Hospital (AMCH), Abha, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Patel J, Sonar CR, Al-Ghamdi S, Tang Z, Yang T, Tang J, Sablani SS. Influence of ultra-high barrier packaging on the shelf-life of microwave-assisted thermally sterilized chicken pasta. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Sonar CR, Al-Ghamdi S, Marti F, Tang J, Sablani SS. Performance evaluation of biobased/biodegradable films for in-package thermal pasteurization. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Al-Ghamdi S, Parhi A, Sonar CR, Dolgovskij MK, Rasco B, Tang J, Sablani SS. Designing thinner wall ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and polypropylene-based semi-rigid trays for microwave-assisted thermal sterilization and pasteurization processes. Food Packag Shelf Life 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Crotti L, Spazzolini C, Tester DJ, Ghidoni A, Baruteau AE, Beckmann BM, Behr ER, Bennett JS, Bezzina CR, Bhuiyan ZA, Celiker A, Cerrone M, Dagradi F, De Ferrari GM, Etheridge SP, Fatah M, Garcia-Pavia P, Al-Ghamdi S, Hamilton RM, Al-Hassnan ZN, Horie M, Jimenez-Jaimez J, Kanter RJ, Kaski JP, Kotta MC, Lahrouchi N, Makita N, Norrish G, Odland HH, Ohno S, Papagiannis J, Parati G, Sekarski N, Tveten K, Vatta M, Webster G, Wilde AAM, Wojciak J, George AL, Ackerman MJ, Schwartz PJ. Calmodulin mutations and life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias: insights from the International Calmodulinopathy Registry. Eur Heart J 2020; 40:2964-2975. [PMID: 31170290 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Calmodulinopathies are rare life-threatening arrhythmia syndromes which affect mostly young individuals and are, caused by mutations in any of the three genes (CALM 1-3) that encode identical calmodulin proteins. We established the International Calmodulinopathy Registry (ICalmR) to understand the natural history, clinical features, and response to therapy of patients with a CALM-mediated arrhythmia syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS A dedicated Case Report File was created to collect demographic, clinical, and genetic information. ICalmR has enrolled 74 subjects, with a variant in the CALM1 (n = 36), CALM2 (n = 23), or CALM3 (n = 15) genes. Sixty-four (86.5%) were symptomatic and the 10-year cumulative mortality was 27%. The two prevalent phenotypes are long QT syndrome (LQTS; CALM-LQTS, n = 36, 49%) and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT; CALM-CPVT, n = 21, 28%). CALM-LQTS patients have extremely prolonged QTc intervals (594 ± 73 ms), high prevalence (78%) of life-threatening arrhythmias with median age at onset of 1.5 years [interquartile range (IQR) 0.1-5.5 years] and poor response to therapies. Most electrocardiograms (ECGs) show late onset peaked T waves. All CALM-CPVT patients were symptomatic with median age of onset of 6.0 years (IQR 3.0-8.5 years). Basal ECG frequently shows prominent U waves. Other CALM-related phenotypes are idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF, n = 7), sudden unexplained death (SUD, n = 4), overlapping features of CPVT/LQTS (n = 3), and predominant neurological phenotype (n = 1). Cardiac structural abnormalities and neurological features were present in 18 and 13 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION Calmodulinopathies are largely characterized by adrenergically-induced life-threatening arrhythmias. Available therapies are disquietingly insufficient, especially in CALM-LQTS. Combination therapy with drugs, sympathectomy, and devices should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Crotti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Carla Spazzolini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - David J Tester
- Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alice Ghidoni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Alban-Elouen Baruteau
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Britt-Maria Beckmann
- Department of Medicine I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Elijah R Behr
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Connie R Bezzina
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zahurul A Bhuiyan
- Unité de Recherche Cardiogénétique, Service de Médecine Génétique, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alpay Celiker
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marina Cerrone
- Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federica Dagradi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Gaetano M De Ferrari
- Division of Cardiology, "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino" Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.,PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Susan P Etheridge
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah and Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Meena Fatah
- The Labatt Family Heart Centre and Pediatrics (Cardiology), The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pablo Garcia-Pavia
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.,University Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Cardiac Sciences Department, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert M Hamilton
- The Labatt Family Heart Centre and Pediatrics (Cardiology), The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zuhair N Al-Hassnan
- Cardiovascular Genetic Program, Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Minoru Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Juan Jimenez-Jaimez
- Cardiology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Juan P Kaski
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maria-Christina Kotta
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Najim Lahrouchi
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute and Omics Research Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gabrielle Norrish
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hans H Odland
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.,Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - John Papagiannis
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Sekarski
- Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Tveten
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Matteo Vatta
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Webster
- Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart.,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julianne Wojciak
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Member of the European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
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Patel J, Parhi A, Al-Ghamdi S, Sonar CR, Mattinson DS, Tang J, Yang T, Sablani SS. Stability of vitamin C, color, and garlic aroma of garlic mashed potatoes in polymer packages processed with microwave-assisted thermal sterilization technology. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2843-2851. [PMID: 32790195 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. Army and NASA need ready-to-eat meals with extended shelf-life for military operations and future manned space missions. For traditional heat sterilization methods, aluminum foil laminated pouches are used to achieve a shelf-life of 3 to 5 years at room temperature. However, those packages are not suited for advanced thermal processing technologies based on microwave energy. This research investigated the effect of polymeric packaging materials on storage stability of garlic flavor, vitamin C, and color of garlic mashed potatoes processed with microwave-assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) technology. Three types of high-barrier metal oxide-coated polymer pouches were used for MATS process, designed to achieve lethality approximately F0 = 6 min. Aluminum foil-based pouches were used for retort process as control. Results demonstrated that both oxygen and water vapor barrier properties (oxygen transmission rate [OTR] and water vapor transmission rate [WVTR]) of the polymer pouches were affected by MATS processing. OTR increased by three to nine times, while WVTR increased by 5 to 20 times after processing. The MATS process resulted in 13% to 16% vitamin C loss, while retort process resulted in 18% loss in garlic mashed potato. The kinetics of vitamin C indicated that metal oxide-coated high-barrier packages (after processing OTR <0.1 cc/m2 .day; WVTR <1.0 g/m2 .day) could replace aluminum foil-based pouches for MATS processed shelf-stable ready-to-eat garlic mashed potatoes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Garlic mashed potatoes in polymer packages processed in a microwave-assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) system had better retention of vitamin C compared to samples packaged in aluminum laminated pouches and processed in retort. Polymer packages combined with MATS processing could potentially provide safe, better quality, and nutritious shelf-stable food products for military and space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Patel
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A
| | - Ashutos Parhi
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A.,Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandrashekhar R Sonar
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A
| | - D Scott Mattinson
- Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6414, U.S.A
| | - Juming Tang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A
| | - Tom Yang
- The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command, Soldier Center, Natick, MA, 01760, U.S.A
| | - Shyam S Sablani
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, U.S.A
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15
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Al-Ghamdi S, Sonar CR, Patel J, Albahr Z, Sablani SS. High pressure-assisted thermal sterilization of low-acid fruit and vegetable purees: Microbial safety, nutrient, quality, and packaging evaluation. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Al-Amri A, Ghalilah K, Al-Harbi A, Al-Dubai SAR, Al-Ghamdi S, Al-Zalabani A. Waterpipe smoking and the risk of myocardial infarction: A hospital-based case-control study. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 17:87. [PMID: 31889949 PMCID: PMC6900875 DOI: 10.18332/tid/114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of waterpipe smoking is increasing globally. The involvement of waterpipe smoking as an independent risk factor for the development of myocardial infarction is an area in need of further research. Our study examines the possible relationship between waterpipe smoking and myocardial infarction. METHODS In this incident case-control study, we enrolled 148 cases with myocardial infarction and 148 participants in the control group. Using logistic regression models, odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated for the association between waterpipe smoking and myocardial infarction, while adjusting for possible confounders. RESULTS Myocardial infarction was associated significantly with current waterpipe smoking (OR=4.08; 95% CI: 1.37–12.10), ever waterpipe smoking (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.31–10.19), and exclusive waterpipe smoking (OR=10.26; 95% CI: 2.22–47.29). Exclusive cigarette smoking was also associated significantly with the development of myocardial infarction (OR=4.6; 95% CI: 1.98–11.04). CONCLUSIONS Waterpipe smoking is associated with myocardial infarction. Our findings reveal the need for targeted interventions to reduce the prevalence of this globally spreading form of tobacco smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmajeed Al-Amri
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ghalilah
- Internal Medicine Department, Al-Madinah Specialist Hospital, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Assaf Al-Harbi
- Department of Dermatology, Ohud Hospital, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A R Al-Dubai
- Joint Program of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Cardiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Al-Zalabani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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17
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Wren LM, Jiménez-Jáimez J, Al-Ghamdi S, Al-Aama JY, Bdeir A, Al-Hassnan ZN, Kuan JL, Foo RY, Potet F, Johnson CN, Aziz MC, Carvill GL, Kaski JP, Crotti L, Perin F, Monserrat L, Burridge PW, Schwartz PJ, Chazin WJ, Bhuiyan ZA, George AL. Genetic Mosaicism in Calmodulinopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med 2019; 12:375-385. [PMID: 31454269 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.119.002581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CaM (calmodulin) mutations are associated with congenital arrhythmia susceptibility (calmodulinopathy) and are most often de novo. In this report, we sought to broaden the genotype-phenotype spectrum of calmodulinopathies with 2 novel calmodulin mutations and to investigate mosaicism in 2 affected families. METHODS CaM mutations were identified in 4 independent cases by DNA sequencing. Biochemical and electrophysiological studies were performed to determine functional consequences of each mutation. RESULTS Genetic studies identified 2 novel CaM variants (CALM3-E141K in 2 cases; CALM1-E141V) and one previously reported CaM pathogenic variant (CALM3-D130G) among 4 probands with shared clinical features of prolonged QTc interval (range 505-725 ms) and documented ventricular arrhythmia. A fatal outcome occurred for 2 of the cases. The parents of all probands were asymptomatic with normal QTc duration. However, 2 of the families had multiple affected offspring or multiple occurrences of intrauterine fetal demise. The mother from the family with recurrent intrauterine fetal demise exhibited the CALM3-E141K mutant allele in 25% of next-generation sequencing reads indicating somatic mosaicism, whereas CALM3-D130G was present in 6% of captured molecules of the paternal DNA sample, also indicating mosaicism. Two novel mutations (E141K and E141V) impaired Ca2+ binding affinity to the C-domain of CaM. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes overexpressing mutant or wild-type CaM showed that both mutants impaired Ca2+-dependent inactivation of L-type Ca2+ channels and prolonged action potential duration. CONCLUSIONS We report 2 families with somatic mosaicism associated with arrhythmogenic calmodulinopathy, and demonstrate dysregulation of L-type Ca2+ channels by 2 novel CaM mutations affecting the same residue. Parental mosaicism should be suspected in families with unexplained fetal arrhythmia or fetal demise combined with a documented CaM mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Wren
- From the Department of Pharmacology (L.M.W., F.P., P.W.B., A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Juan Jiménez-Jáimez
- Cardiology Department (J.J.-J.), Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Cardiac Sciences Department, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh (S.A.-G.)
| | - Jumana Y Al-Aama
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.Y.A.-A.), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah.,Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (J.Y.A.-A., A.B.), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
| | - Amnah Bdeir
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (J.Y.A.-A., A.B.), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
| | - Zuhair N Al-Hassnan
- The Cardiovascular Genetics Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Z.N.A.-H.)
| | - Jyn L Kuan
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (J.L.K., R.Y.F.)
| | - Roger Y Foo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (J.L.K., R.Y.F.)
| | - Franck Potet
- From the Department of Pharmacology (L.M.W., F.P., P.W.B., A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Christopher N Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (C.N.J., W.J.C.)
| | - Miriam C Aziz
- Department of Neurology (M.C.A., G.L.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gemma L Carvill
- Department of Neurology (M.C.A., G.L.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Juan-Pablo Kaski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (J.-P.K.)
| | - Lia Crotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (L.C.).,IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy (L.C., P.J.S.).,Cardiology Department, Health in Code SL, A Coruña, Spain (L.M.)
| | - Francesca Perin
- Pediatric Cardiology Division (F.P.), Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Paul W Burridge
- From the Department of Pharmacology (L.M.W., F.P., P.W.B., A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy (L.C., P.J.S.)
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (C.N.J., W.J.C.)
| | - Zahurul A Bhuiyan
- Unité de Recherche Cardiogénétique, Service de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland (Z.A.B.)
| | - Alfred L George
- From the Department of Pharmacology (L.M.W., F.P., P.W.B., A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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18
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Patel J, Al-Ghamdi S, Zhang H, Queiroz R, Tang J, Yang T, Sablani SS. Determining Shelf Life of Ready-to-Eat Macaroni and Cheese in High Barrier and Oxygen Scavenger Packaging Sterilized via Microwave-Assisted Thermal Sterilization. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-02310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Bdier AY, Al-Ghamdi S, Verma PK, Dagriri K, Alshehri B, Jiman OA, Ahmed SE, Wilde AAM, Bhuiyan ZA, Al-Aama JY. Autosomal recessive long QT syndrome, type 1 in eight families from Saudi Arabia. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:592-601. [PMID: 28944242 PMCID: PMC5606890 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the most common primary cardiac arrhythmia syndromes is autosomal dominant long QT syndrome, type 1 (LQT1), chiefly caused by mono‐allelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene. Bi‐allelic mutations in the KCNQ1 gene are causal to Jervell and Lange‐Nielsen syndrome (JLNS), characterized by severe and early‐onset arrhythmias with prolonged QTc interval on surface ECG and sensorineural deafness. Occasionally, bi‐allelic mutations in KCNQ1 are also found in patients without any deafness, referred to as autosomal recessive long QT syndrome, type 1 (AR LQT1). Methods We used Sanger sequencing to detect the pathogenic mutations in KCNQ1 gene in eight families from Saudi Arabia with autosomal recessive LQT1. Results We have detected pathogenic mutations in all eight families, two of the mutations are founder mutations, which are c.387‐5T>A and p.Val172Met/p.Arg293Cys (in cis). QTc and cardiac phenotype was found to be pronounced in all the probands comparable to the cardiac phenotype in JLNS patients. Heterozygous carriers for these mutations did not exhibit any clinical phenotype, but a significant number of them have sinus bradycardia. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a large series of patients with familial autosomal recessive LQT, type 1. These mutations could be used for targeted screening in cardiac arrhythmia patients in Saudi Arabia and in people of Arabic ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnah Y Bdier
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Genetic MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Prashant K Verma
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of CardiologyNGHRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Dagriri
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyPrince Sultan Cardiac CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alshehri
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Omamah A Jiman
- Department of Genetic MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Sherif E Ahmed
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of GeneticsFaculty of AgricultureAin shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Department of CardiologyAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Zahurul A Bhuiyan
- Laboratoire de Génétique MoléculaireService de médecine génétiqueCHUVLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jumana Y Al-Aama
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary DisordersKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia.,Department of CardiologyNGHRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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20
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Al-Ghamdi S. Prevalence, knowledge & attitudes toward herbal use during pregnancy, labor and after delivery. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw174.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Kathuria A, Al-Ghamdi S, Abiad MG, Auras R. The Influence of Cu3(BTC)2metal organic framework on the permeability and perm-selectivity of PLLA-MOF mixed matrix membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kathuria
- Industrial Technology and Packaging; California Polytechnic State University; San Luis Obispo California 93407
| | - Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- School of Packaging; Packaging Building Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan 48824-1223
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad G. Abiad
- School of Packaging; Packaging Building Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan 48824-1223
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences; American University of Beirut; Riad El Solh Beirut 1107-2020 Lebanon
| | - Rafael Auras
- School of Packaging; Packaging Building Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan 48824-1223
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22
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Ibrahem S, Al-Ghamdi S, Baloch K, Muhammad B, Fadhil W, Jackson D, Nateri AS, Ilyas M. STAT3 paradoxically stimulates β-catenin expression but inhibits β-catenin function. Int J Exp Pathol 2014; 95:392-400. [PMID: 25348333 PMCID: PMC4285465 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signalling and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) are oncogenic signalling pathways which are deregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we investigated the interaction of these two pathways. Firstly, we investigated biochemical interaction by inhibiting STAT3 and β-catenin (through gene knock-down and dominant-negative TCF4 expression) in nine CRC cell lines. β-catenin inhibition did not affect STAT3 levels, whereas STAT3 knock-down resulted in reduced β-catenin mRNA and protein levels. The reduction in β-catenin protein was not prevented by proteasome inhibition, and IL6-induced STAT3 activation resulted in increased β-catenin mRNA. This suggests that STAT3 positively regulates β-catenin (at a transcriptional level) and evaluation of 44 CRCs by immunostaining supported this by showing an association between nuclear STAT3 expression and nuclear β-catenin (P = 0.022). We tested the functional interaction between STAT3 and Wnt signalling by knocking down STAT3 and β-catenin individually and in combination. Knock-down of β-catenin and STAT3 individually inhibited cell proliferation (P < 0. 001 for each) through G1 arrest. However, simultaneous knock-down of STAT3 and β-catenin had a significantly weaker effect than knock-down of β-catenin alone (P < 0.01). Knock-down of STAT3 and β-catenin, individually and together, inhibited cell motility (P < 0.001) without evidence of interaction. We conclude that STAT3 regulates β-catenin but β-catenin does not regulate STAT3. The STAT3/β-catenin interaction is complex but may reduce the proliferative activity of β-catenin possibly by taking β-catenin protein beyond the optimal level. This may indicate biological differences in tumours where both STAT3 and β-catenin are activated compared to those where only one is activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ibrahem
- Academic Unit of Molecular Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK
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23
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Mail N, Albarakati Y, Ahmad Khan M, Saeedi F, Safadi N, Al-Ghamdi S, Saoudi A. The impacts of dental filling materials on RapidArc treatment planning and dose delivery: challenges and solution. Med Phys 2014; 40:081714. [PMID: 23927311 DOI: 10.1118/1.4816307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The presence of high-density material in the oral cavity creates dose perturbation in both downstream and upstream directions at the surfaces of dental filling materials (DFM). In this study, the authors have investigated the effect of DFM on head and neck RapidArc treatment plans and delivery. Solutions are proposed to address (1) the issue of downstream dose perturbation, which might cause target under dosage, and (2) to reduce the upstream dose from DFM which may be the primary source of mucositis. In addition, an investigation of the clinical role of a custom-made plastic dental mold∕gutter (PDM) in sparing the oral mucosa and tongue reaction is outlined. METHODS The influence of the dental filling artifacts on dose distribution was investigated using a geometrically well-defined head and neck intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) verification phantom (PTW, Freiberg, Germany) with DFM inserts called amalgam, which contained 50% mercury, 25% silver, 14% tin, 8% copper, and 3% other trace metals. Three RapidArc plans were generated in the Varian Eclipse System to treat the oral cavity using the same computer tomography (CT) dataset, including (1) a raw CT image, (2) a streaking artifacts region, which was replaced with a mask of 10 HU, and (3) a 2 cm-thick 6000 HU virtual filter [a volume created in treatment planning system to compensate for beam attenuation, where the thickness of this virtual filter is based on the measured percent depth dose (PDD) data and Eclipse calculation]. The dose delivery for the three plans was verified using Gafchromic-EBT2 film measurements. The custom-made PDM technique to reduce backscatter dose was clinically tested on four head and neck cancer patients (T3, N1, M0) with DFM, two patients with PDM and the other two patients without PDM. The thickness calculation of the PDM toward the mucosa and tongue was purely based on the measured upstream dose. Patients' with oral mucosal reaction was clinically examined initially and weekly during the course of radiotherapy. RESULTS For a RapidArc treatment technique, the backscatter dose from the DFM insert was measured to be 9.25±2.17 in the IMRT-verification-phantom. The measured backscatter upstream dose from DFM for a single-field was 22% higher than without the DFM, whereas the downstream dose was lower by 14%. The values of homogeneity index for the plans with and without the application of mask were 0.09 and 0.14, respectively. The calculated mean treatment planning volume (PTV) dose differed from the delivered dose by 13% and was reduced to 2% when using the mask and virtual filter together. A grade 3 mucosa reaction was observed in the control group after 22-24 fractions (44-48 Gy). In contrast, no grade 3 mucositis was observed in the patients wearing the PDM after 25-26 fractions (50-52 Gy). CONCLUSIONS The backscatter from the DFM for a single, parallel-opposed fields, and RapidArc treatment technique was found significant. The application of mask in replacing streaking artifacts can be useful in improving dose homogeneity in the PTV. The use of a virtual filter around the teeth during the planning phase reduces the target underdosage issue in the phantom. Furthermore, a reduction in mucositis is observed in the head and neck patients with the use of PDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Mail
- Princess Norah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia.
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24
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Al-Ghamdi S, Moreira J, de Lasa H. Kinetic Modeling of Propane Oxidative Dehydrogenation over VOx/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts in the Chemical Reactor Engineering Center Riser Reactor Simulator. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Al-Ghamdi
- Chemical
Reactor Engineering Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Research & Development Center, Saudi Aramco Oil Company, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - J. Moreira
- Chemical
Reactor Engineering Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - H. de Lasa
- Chemical
Reactor Engineering Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Al-Aama J, Al-Ghamdi S, Bdier A, AlQarawi A, Jiman O, Al-Aama N, Al-Aata J, Wilde A, Bhuiyan Z. Genotype-phenotype analysis of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome in six families from Saudi Arabia. Clin Genet 2013; 87:74-9. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.Y. Al-Aama
- Department of Genetic Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Prince Sultan Cardiac Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - A.Y. Bdier
- Department of Genetic Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - A. AlQarawi
- Department of Genetic Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - O.A. Jiman
- Department of Genetic Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Al-Aama
- Department of Cardiology; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - J. Al-Aata
- Department of Cardiology; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - A.A.M. Wilde
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Z.A. Bhuiyan
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Service de Génétique Médicale; CHUV; Lausanne Switzerland
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Al-Aama J, Al-Ghamdi S, Bdier A, Wilde A, Bhuiyan ZA. De novomutation in theKCNQ1gene causal to Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. Clin Genet 2013; 86:492-5. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.Y. Al-Aama
- Department of Genetic Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Prince Sultan Cardiac Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - A.Y. Bdier
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - A.A.M. Wilde
- Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Zahurul A. Bhuiyan
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Service de Génétique Médicale; CHUV; Lausanne Switzerland
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Khan M, Safadi N, Al-Ghamdi S, Mail N, Saoudi A. EP-1207 BENEFIT OF SYSTEMATIC RAPIDARC RE-PLANNING AND ADAPTIVE TREATMENT OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mail N, AlBarakati Y, Khan M, Saeedi F, Safadi N, Al-Ghamdi S, Shabra A, Saoudi A. OC-0229 EFFECT OF DENTAL FILLING ON HEAD AND NECK RAPIDARC TREATMENT: CLINICAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTION. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Ghamdi S, Albasri A, Cachat J, Ibrahem S, Muhammad BA, Jackson D, Nateri AS, Kindle KB, Ilyas M. Cten is targeted by Kras signalling to regulate cell motility in the colon and pancreas. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20919. [PMID: 21698197 PMCID: PMC3116852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CTEN/TNS4 is an oncogene in colorectal cancer (CRC) which enhances cell motility although the mechanism of Cten regulation is unknown. We found an association between high Cten expression and KRAS/BRAF mutation in a series of CRC cell lines (p = 0.03) and hypothesised that Kras may regulate Cten. To test this, Kras was knocked-down (using small interfering (si)RNA) in CRC cell lines SW620 and DLD1 (high Cten expressors and mutant for KRAS). In each cell line, Kras knockdown was mirrored by down-regulation of Cten Since Kras signals through Braf, we tested the effect of Kras knockdown in CRC cell line Colo205 (which shows high Cten expression and is mutant for BRAF but wild type for KRAS). Cten levels were unaffected by Kras knockdown whilst Braf knockdown resulted in reduced Cten expression suggesting that Kras signals via Braf to regulate Cten. Quantification of Cten mRNA and protein analysis following proteasome inhibition suggested that regulation was of Cten transcription. Kras knockdown inhibited cell motility. To test whether this could be mediated through Cten, SW620 cells were co-transfected with Kras specific siRNAs and a Cten expression vector. Restoring Cten expression was able to restore cell motility despite Kras knockdown (transwell migration and wounding assay, p<0.001 for both). Since KRAS is mutated in many cancers, we investigated whether this relationship could be demonstrated in other tumour models. The experiments were repeated in the pancreatic cancer cell lines Colo357 & PSN-1(both high Cten expressors and mutant for KRAS). In both cell lines, Kras was shown to regulate Cten and forced expression of Cten was able to rescue loss of cell motility following Kras knockdown in PSN-1 (transwell migration assay, p<0.001). We conclude that, in the colon and pancreas, Cten is a downstream target of Kras and may be a mechanism through which Kras regulates of cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Al-Ghamdi
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulkader Albasri
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Cachat
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Salih Ibrahem
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Belal A. Muhammad
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Division of Pre-Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Darryl Jackson
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abdolrahman S. Nateri
- Division of Pre-Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karin B. Kindle
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Ilyas
- Division of Pathology, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Al Ahmed B, Khawandanah E, Al Safadi N, Al-Ghamdi S, Saoudi A. 186 oral ASSESSMENT OF HEAD AND NECK IMMOBILIZATION DEVICE FOR ACCURATE RAPIDARC(r) TREATMENT DELIVERY. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)70308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abdelmoneim I, Khan MY, Daffalla A, Al-Ghamdi S, Al-Gamal M. Knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS among Saudi and non-Saudi bus drivers. East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:716-24. [PMID: 15568448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
We explored the AIDS knowledge and attitudes of long-distance (non-Saudi) and in-city (Saudi) bus drivers in Saudi Arabia. The 69 non-Saudi drivers tended to score higher on knowledge than the 40 Saudi drivers although there were several gaps in their knowledge. As regards attitude, more Saudis knew that chastity could protect against AIDS and both groups tended to think that they were not the kind of people to get AIDS. Intensive health education and follow up is highly recommended for this sector of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Abdelmoneim
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The incidence of nosocomial infection and prevalence of antibiotic misuse were studied in a 174-bed community hospital in Saudi Arabia over a six-month period. Of 2445 patients admitted, 8.5% developed nosocomial infection, the rates were highest for nursery (35.8%), intensive care (19.8%), gynaecological (16.2%) and surgical (11.7%) patients. Urinary tract (31.3%), wound (27.1%) and blood (14.9%) infections accounted for more than 70% of the infections. Staphylococcus aureus (23%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%), caused more than 90% of the infections. The majority of the bacterial pathogens (79%) were multi-drug resistant. Over 80% of patients were administered prophylactic and/or therapeutic antibiotics, with 53% receiving multiple antibiotics; 72% of the antibiotics were judged to be misused. Both prophylaxis and treatment were mostly misguided and clinically unwarranted. Host- and hospital-associated infection risk factors were identified. The minimum government cost estimates for the nosocomial infections and misused antibiotics were US $273 180 and $565 603, respectively. The findings emphasize the need for effective measures to reduce both the high infection rates and widespread antibiotic misusage in the hospital. Such measures should include institution of an effective infection control committee and a hospital antibiotic policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Ghamdi
- Departments of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Patients admitted during a 6-month period to a maternity hospital in Saudi Arabia were studied for nosocomial infections and misuse of antibiotics. Patient history and diagnosis on admission and subsequent clinical and laboratory data were analysed. Infection developing from 72 h after admission was considered nosocomial. Therapeutic and prophylactic data as recorded on the patients' charts were assessed for possible misuse of antibiotics. Of 3439 patients, 136 (4.0%) developed nosocomial infection: 2.0%, 8.9% and 37.7% in obstetric, gynaecologic and nursery patients, respectively. Infections among adults were mostly found in the urinary (44.4%) and lower genital (33.3%) tracts. Among newborns, over 70% of cases were eye and ear (29.8%), skin (26.2%) and blood (19.0%) infections. Gram-negative bacteria caused 65.7% of the infections. Over 90% of the bacterial isolates were multidrug-resistant. About 24% of patients received single or multiple antibiotics; 57.2% were misused. The minimal hospital cost estimate for both nosocomial infections and misused antibiotics was US $318,705. The findings of this study, the first of its type in this region, should prompt improved infection control measures as well as educational and antibiotic restriction interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Eldin Bilal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Ghalib HW, Al-Ghamdi S, Akood M, Haridi AEA, Ageel AAM, Abdalla RE. Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine against uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparummalaria in south-western Saudi Arabia. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.2001.11813696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ghalib HW, Al-Ghamdi S, Akood M, Haridi AE, Ageel AA, Abdalla RE. Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine against uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in south-western Saudi Arabia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2001; 95:773-9. [PMID: 11784431 DOI: 10.1080/0003498012011127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The results of annual random screening indicated that Plasmodium falciparum strains showing chloroquine (CQ) resistance in vitro became increasingly common in the Jazan region of south-western Saudi Arabia between 1986 and 1998 (chi(2) for trend = 50.027; P < 0.001). This worrying trend and the emergence of a micro-epidemic in 1997-1998 prompted an assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of CQ against uncomplicated, P. falciparum malaria in the area. The in-vivo testing of sensitivity to CQ was carried out in 291 clinically manifest, microscopically positive cases of P. falciparum malaria. Most of these patients (88%) were successfully treated with a single standard regimen of CQ therapy. The other 36 patients (12%) showed early treatment failure or a poor response to the CQ, although all of these were then successfully treated with a single standard dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar), as a replacement therapy. Those unsuccessfully treated with CQ were generally younger (t = 2.625; P = 0.01) and tended to have higher body temperatures (t = -2.62; P = 0.012) and higher levels of parasitaemia at initial presentation (P > 0.000) than those who responded well to the drug. Although CQ remains a reasonably effective drug for the treatment of malaria in the Jazan region, and therefore will be kept as the first-line drug for the foreseeable future, failure of CQ efficacy must be carefully monitored in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Ghalib
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 641 Abha, Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), College of Medicine, King Saud University-Abha Branch, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Shamim A, Al-Ghamdi S, Kameswaran M, Shenoy AK, Thomas R, Okafor BC. Is fine needle aspiration of the tonsil superior to a surface swab for isolating its core flora in recurrent tonsillitis? Ann Saudi Med 1996; 16:50-2. [PMID: 17372407 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1996.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective study was designed to explore the possible role of fine needle aspiration of recurrently inflamed tonsils in determining their core flora. Seventy-seven patients undergoing tosillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis were included. Colonies grown from fine needle aspirate and surface swab were compared with tonsillar core culture obtained after tosillectomy. The pathogens isolated by fine needle aspiration culture were not greatly different from surface swab results in comparison to core isolates. The results of fine needle aspirate do not appear to confer any advantage over surface swab in representing core flora. These findings would seem to indicate no clinical use for fine needle aspiration in the management of recurrent tonsillitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shamim
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Microbiology, Asir Central Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Ghamdi S, Al-Obeidan S, Tomey KF, Al-Jadaan I. Transscleral Neodymium:YAG Laser Cyclophotocoagulation for End-Stage Glaucoma, Refractory Glaucoma, and Painful Blind Eyes. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 1993. [DOI: 10.3928/1542-8877-19930801-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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