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Imai Y, Kusano K, Aiba T, Ako J, Asano Y, Harada-Shiba M, Kataoka M, Kosho T, Kubo T, Matsumura T, Minamino T, Minatoya K, Morita H, Nishigaki M, Nomura S, Ogino H, Ohno S, Takamura M, Tanaka T, Tsujita K, Uchida T, Yamagishi H, Ebana Y, Fujita K, Ida K, Inoue S, Ito K, Kuramoto Y, Maeda J, Matsunaga K, Neki R, Sugiura K, Tada H, Tsuji A, Yamada T, Yamaguchi T, Yamamoto E, Kimura A, Kuwahara K, Maemura K, Minamino T, Morisaki H, Tokunaga K. JCS/JCC/JSPCCS 2024 Guideline on Genetic Testing and Counseling in Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J 2024:CJ-23-0926. [PMID: 39343605 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Imai
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Masaharu Kataoka
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | - Toru Kubo
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Takayoshi Matsumura
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University
| | - Tetsuo Minamino
- Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masakazu Nishigaki
- Department of Genetic Counseling, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Seiko Ohno
- Medical Genome Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Tetsuro Uchida
- Department of Surgery II (Division of Cardiovascular, Thoracic and Pediatric Surgery), Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Yusuke Ebana
- Life Science and Bioethics Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital
| | - Kanna Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital
- Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kazufumi Ida
- Division of Counseling for Medical Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shunsuke Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jun Maeda
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center
| | - Keiji Matsunaga
- Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Reiko Neki
- Division of Counseling for Medical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenta Sugiura
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Hayato Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Akihiro Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | | | | | - Akinori Kimura
- Institutional Research Office, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | - Koji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
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2
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Oztunc F, Madazli R, Erenel H, Kaymak D, Eraslan S, Kayserili H. Prenatal Diagnosis of Crossed Pulmonary Arteries with a Postnatal Diagnosis of CHARGE Syndrome. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2024; 43:246-250. [PMID: 38186349 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2300971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Crossed pulmonary arteries (CPA) is an abnormality in which the ostium of the left pulmonary artery is located rightward and the ostium of the right pulmonary artery is leftward. Case report: We diagnosed a fetus with CPA prenatally. In fetal echocardiography, left pulmonary artery was seen to pass beneath the ductus and directing toward the left side and pulmonary artery bifurcation could not be demonstrated at the same plane. Postnatal echocardiography reconfirmed the presence of CPA. Bilateral choanal atresia, genital hypoplasia, hearing loss with facial and external ear asymmetry and psychomotor delay of the newborn led to clinical diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome and was confirmed by gene analysis. Discussion/Conclusion: CPA may be one of the cardiac anomalies in CHARGE syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Oztunc
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Riza Madazli
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Erenel
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Kaymak
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serpil Eraslan
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Nappi F. In-Depth Genomic Analysis: The New Challenge in Congenital Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1734. [PMID: 38339013 PMCID: PMC10855915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of next-generation sequencing has provided new insights into the causes and mechanisms of congenital heart disease (CHD). Examinations of the whole exome sequence have detected detrimental gene variations modifying single or contiguous nucleotides, which are characterised as pathogenic based on statistical assessments of families and correlations with congenital heart disease, elevated expression during heart development, and reductions in harmful protein-coding mutations in the general population. Patients with CHD and extracardiac abnormalities are enriched for gene classes meeting these criteria, supporting a common set of pathways in the organogenesis of CHDs. Single-cell transcriptomics data have revealed the expression of genes associated with CHD in specific cell types, and emerging evidence suggests that genetic mutations disrupt multicellular genes essential for cardiogenesis. Metrics and units are being tracked in whole-genome sequencing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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4
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Abstract
Pattern recognition of specific temporal bone radiological phenotypes, in association with abnormalities in other organ systems, is critical in the diagnosis and management of syndromic causes of hearing loss. Several recent publications have demonstrated the presence of specific radiological appearances, allowing precise genetic and/or syndromic diagnosis, in the right clinical context. This review article aims to provide an extensive but practical guide to the radiologist dealing with syndromic causes of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St. London, London, WC1N3JH, UK
| | - Caroline D Robson
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felice D'Arco
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St. London, London, WC1N3JH, UK. felice.d'
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5
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Sun Y, Kumar SR, Wong CED, Tian Z, Bai H, Crump JG, Bajpai R, Lien CL. Craniofacial and cardiac defects in chd7 zebrafish mutants mimic CHARGE syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030587. [PMID: 36568983 PMCID: PMC9768498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects occur in almost 80% of patients with CHARGE syndrome, a sporadically occurring disease causing craniofacial and other abnormalities due to mutations in the CHD7 gene. Animal models have been generated to mimic CHARGE syndrome; however, heart defects are not extensively described in zebrafish disease models of CHARGE using morpholino injections or genetic mutants. Here, we describe the co-occurrence of craniofacial abnormalities and heart defects in zebrafish chd7 mutants. These mutant phenotypes are enhanced in the maternal zygotic mutant background. In the chd7 mutant fish, we found shortened craniofacial cartilages and extra cartilage formation. Furthermore, the length of the ventral aorta is altered in chd7 mutants. Many CHARGE patients have aortic arch anomalies. It should be noted that the aberrant branching of the first branchial arch artery is observed for the first time in chd7 fish mutants. To understand the cellular mechanism of CHARGE syndrome, neural crest cells (NCCs), that contribute to craniofacial and cardiovascular tissues, are examined using sox10:Cre lineage tracing. In contrast to its function in cranial NCCs, we found that the cardiac NCC-derived mural cells along the ventral aorta and aortic arch arteries are not affected in chd7 mutant fish. The chd7 fish mutants we generated recapitulate some of the craniofacial and cardiovascular phenotypes found in CHARGE patients and can be used to further determine the roles of CHD7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - S. Ram Kumar
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chee Ern David Wong
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhiyu Tian
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Haipeng Bai
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - J. Gage Crump
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ruchi Bajpai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ching Ling Lien
- Saban Research Institute and Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Ching Ling Lien,
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6
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Liu C, Kang N, Guo Y, Gong P. Advances in Chromodomain Helicase DNA-Binding (CHD) Proteins Regulating Stem Cell Differentiation and Human Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710203. [PMID: 34616726 PMCID: PMC8488160 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regulation of gene expression is critical for stem cell differentiation, tissue development, and human health maintenance. Recently, epigenetic modifications of histone and chromatin remodeling have been verified as key controllers of gene expression and human diseases. Objective: In this study, we review the role of chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) proteins in stem cell differentiation, cell fate decision, and several known human developmental disorders and cancers. Conclusion: CHD proteins play a crucial role in stem cell differentiation and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Yan S, Lu J, Jiao K. Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Neural Crest Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678954. [PMID: 33968946 PMCID: PMC8097001 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac neural crest cells (cNCCs) is a transient, migratory cell population that contribute to the formation of major arteries and the septa and valves of the heart. Abnormal development of cNCCs leads to a spectrum of congenital heart defects that mainly affect the outflow region of the hearts. Signaling molecules and transcription factors are the best studied regulatory events controlling cNCC development. In recent years, however, accumulated evidence supports that epigenetic regulation also plays an important role in cNCC development. Here, we summarize the functions of epigenetic regulators during cNCC development as well as cNCC related cardiovascular defects. These factors include ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, histone modifiers and DNA methylation modulators. In many cases, mutations in the genes encoding these factors are known to cause inborn heart diseases. A better understanding of epigenetic regulators, their activities and their roles during heart development will ultimately contribute to the development of new clinical applications for patients with congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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8
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Lettieri A, Oleari R, Paganoni AJJ, Gervasini C, Massa V, Fantin A, Cariboni A. Semaphorin Regulation by the Chromatin Remodeler CHD7: An Emerging Genetic Interaction Shaping Neural Cells and Neural Crest in Development and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638674. [PMID: 33869187 PMCID: PMC8047133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CHD7 is a chromatin remodeler protein that controls gene expression via the formation of multi-protein complexes with specific transcription factors. During development, CHD7 controls several differentiation programs, mainly by acting on neural progenitors and neural crest (NC) cells. Thus, its roles range from the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system and the organs colonized by NC cells, including the heart. Accordingly, mutated CHD7 is linked to CHARGE syndrome, which is characterized by several neuronal dysfunctions and by malformations of NC-derived/populated organs. Altered CHD7 has also been associated with different neoplastic transformations. Interestingly, recent evidence revealed that semaphorins, a class of molecules involved in developmental and pathological processes similar to those controlled by CHD7, are regulated by CHD7 in a context-specific manner. In this article, we will review the recent insights that support the existence of genetic interactions between these pathways, both during developmental processes and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Lettieri
- CRC Aldo Ravelli for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Oleari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alyssa J J Paganoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- CRC Aldo Ravelli for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Massa
- CRC Aldo Ravelli for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fantin
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cariboni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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9
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CHD7 regulates cardiovascular development through ATP-dependent and -independent activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28847-28858. [PMID: 33127760 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005222117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CHD7 encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor. Mutation of this gene causes multiple developmental disorders, including CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth/development, Genital abnormalities, and Ear anomalies) syndrome, in which conotruncal anomalies are the most prevalent form of heart defects. How CHD7 regulates conotruncal development remains unclear. In this study, we establish that deletion of Chd7 in neural crest cells (NCCs) causes severe conotruncal defects and perinatal lethality, thus providing mouse genetic evidence demonstrating that CHD7 cell-autonomously regulates cardiac NCC development, thereby clarifying a long-standing controversy in the literature. Using transcriptomic analyses, we show that CHD7 fine-tunes the expression of a gene network that is critical for cardiac NCC development. To gain further molecular insights into gene regulation by CHD7, we performed a protein-protein interaction screen by incubating recombinant CHD7 on a protein array. We find that CHD7 directly interacts with several developmental disorder-mutated proteins including WDR5, a core component of H3K4 methyltransferase complexes. This direct interaction suggested that CHD7 may recruit histone-modifying enzymes to target loci independently of its remodeling functions. We therefore generated a mouse model that harbors an ATPase-deficient allele and demonstrates that mutant CHD7 retains the ability to recruit H3K4 methyltransferase activity to its targets. Thus, our data uncover that CHD7 regulates cardiovascular development through ATP-dependent and -independent activities, shedding light on the etiology of CHD7-related congenital disorders. Importantly, our data also imply that patients carrying a premature stop codon versus missense mutations will likely display different molecular alterations; these patients might therefore require personalized therapeutic interventions.
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10
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Miao Y, Tian L, Martin M, Paige SL, Galdos FX, Li J, Klein A, Zhang H, Ma N, Wei Y, Stewart M, Lee S, Moonen JR, Zhang B, Grossfeld P, Mital S, Chitayat D, Wu JC, Rabinovitch M, Nelson TJ, Nie S, Wu SM, Gu M. Intrinsic Endocardial Defects Contribute to Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 27:574-589.e8. [PMID: 32810435 PMCID: PMC7541479 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a complex congenital heart disease characterized by abnormalities in the left ventricle, associated valves, and ascending aorta. Studies have shown intrinsic myocardial defects but do not sufficiently explain developmental defects in the endocardial-derived cardiac valve, septum, and vasculature. Here, we identify a developmentally impaired endocardial population in HLHS through single-cell RNA profiling of hiPSC-derived endocardium and human fetal heart tissue with an underdeveloped left ventricle. Intrinsic endocardial defects contribute to abnormal endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, NOTCH signaling, and extracellular matrix organization, key factors in valve formation. Endocardial abnormalities cause reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation and maturation by disrupting fibronectin-integrin signaling, consistent with recently described de novo HLHS mutations associated with abnormal endocardial gene and fibronectin regulation. Together, these results reveal a critical role for endocardium in HLHS etiology and provide a rationale for considering endocardial function in regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Miao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marcy Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sharon L Paige
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francisco X Galdos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jibiao Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Alyssa Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ning Ma
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuning Wei
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maria Stewart
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Soah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jan-Renier Moonen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Paul Grossfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Seema Mital
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - David Chitayat
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Timothy J Nelson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shuyi Nie
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Sean M Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mingxia Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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11
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CHD7 Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Follicle Cells via PTH1R Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8882857. [PMID: 33014071 PMCID: PMC7525296 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8882857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzyme, functioning as chromatin reader to conduct epigenetic modification. Its effect on osteogenic differentiation of human dental follicle cells (hDFCs) remains unclear. Here, we show the CHD7 expression increases with osteogenic differentiation. The knockdown of CHD7 impairs the osteogenic ability of hDFCs, characterized by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization, and the decreased expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Conversely, the CHD7 overexpression enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hDFCs. Mechanically, RNA-seq analyses revealed the downregulated enrichment of PTH (parathyroid hormone)/PTH1R (parathyroid hormone receptor-1) signaling pathway after CHD7 knockdown. We found the expression of PTH1R positively correlates with CHD7. Importantly, the overexpression of PTH1R in CHD7-knockdown hDFCs partially rescued the impaired osteogenic differentiation. Our research demonstrates that CHD7 regulates the osteogenic differentiation of hDFCs by regulating the transcription of PTH1R.
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Meisner JK, Martin DM. Congenital heart defects in CHARGE: The molecular role of CHD7 and effects on cardiac phenotype and clinical outcomes. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 184:81-89. [PMID: 31833191 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CHARGE syndrome is characterized by a pattern of congenital anomalies (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth, Genital abnormalities, and Ear abnormalities). De novo mutations of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (CHD7) are the primary cause of CHARGE syndrome. The clinical phenotype is highly variable including a wide spectrum of congenital heart defects. Here, we review the range of congenital heart defects and the molecular effects of CHD7 on cardiovascular development that lead to an over-representation of atrioventricular septal, conotruncal, and aortic arch defects in CHARGE syndrome. Further, we review the overlap of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular comorbidities present in CHARGE and their impact on the peri-operative morbidity and mortality in individuals with CHARGE syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Meisner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Donna M Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Dijk DR, Bocca G, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CM. Growth in CHARGE syndrome: optimizing care with a multidisciplinary approach. J Multidiscip Healthc 2019; 12:607-620. [PMID: 31534343 PMCID: PMC6682174 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s175713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth and/or development, Genital hypoplasia, Ear anomalies including hearing loss) syndrome is a rare syndrome with an incidence of approximately 1:15,000 newborns. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the CHD7 gene and clinically characterized by a wide range of anomalies with variable expression. Growth retardation affects 60-72% of children with CHARGE syndrome, making it one of the most prominent medical issues in the syndrome. Growth retardation in CHARGE syndrome is thought to be multifactorial and can be influenced by almost all co-morbidities, requiring a multidisciplinary approach to the different medical problems. In this systematic review, we describe what is currently known about growth in CHARGE syndrome and how it is influenced by commonly seen clinical problems including feeding difficulties, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and growth hormone deficiency. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieuwerke R Dijk
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianni Bocca
- Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Conny M van Ravenswaaij-Arts
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Chen X, Yan K, Gao Y, Wang H, Chen G, Wu B, Qin Q, Yang L, Zhou W. Feeding difficulty is the dominant feature in 12 Chinese newborns with CHD7 pathogenic variants. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:93. [PMID: 31146700 PMCID: PMC6543684 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background CHARGE syndrome is characterized by coloboma, heart defects, choanal atresia, growth retardation, genitourinary malformation and ear abnormalities. The chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene is the major cause of CHARGE syndrome and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Currently, the phenotype spectrum of CHARGE syndrome in neonatal population remain elusive. We aimed to investigate the phenotype spectrum of neonatal patients suspected to have CHARGE syndrome with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the CHD7 gene. Methods We pooled next-generation sequencing data from the Neonatal Birth Defects Cohort (NBDC, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02551081) in Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. The pathogenicity of novel variants was analyzed by bioinformatic and genetic analyses. Clinical information collection, Sanger sequencing and follow-up interviews were performed when possible. Cranial MRI of these patients was performed, the volumes of different regions of the brain were analyzed. Results A total of 12 unrelated patients in our cohort were found with CHD7 variants. Eight patients received a firm clinical diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome (Bergmann criteria, Blake criteria, Verloes criteria and Hale criteria). Three patients did not match any diagnostic criteria, and no patients matched the Verloes criteria. Phenotype spectrum analysis found that feeding difficulty was the dominant feature among this neonatal cohort. Six novel variants in the CHD7 gene (Glu2408*, Lys651*, c.5607 + 1G > T, Leu373Val, Lys2005Asnfs*37 and Gln1991*) were identified, expanding the variant database of the CHD7 gene. Cranial MRI analysis revealed significant volume loss in cingulate gyrus, occipital lobe, and cerebellum and volume gain in the left medial and inferior temporal gyri anterior white matter parts. Conclusions Based on a relatively unbiased neonatal cohort, we concluded that CHARGE syndrome and CHD7 gene variants should be suspected in newborns who have feeding difficulty, and one or more malformations. Trial registration Neonatal Birth Defects Cohort (NBDC, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02551081). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0813-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Departments of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Departments of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Ultrasonography Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Departments of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Qian Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Departments of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Departments of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
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Cohen JL, Crowley TB, McGinn DE, McDougall C, Unolt M, Lambert MP, Emanuel BS, Zackai EH, McDonald-McGinn DM. 22q and two: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and coexisting conditions. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2203-2214. [PMID: 30244528 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) is the most frequent copy number variant (CNV) affecting ~1/1,000 fetuses and ~1/2,000-4,000 children, resulting in recognizable but variable findings across multiple organ systems. Patients with atypical features should prompt consideration of coexisting diagnoses due to additional genome-wide mutations, CNVs, or mutations/CNVs on the other allele, unmasking autosomal recessive conditions. Importantly, a dual diagnosis compounds symptoms and impacts management. We previously reported seven patients with 22q11.2DS and: SCID, Trisomy 8 mosaicism, Bernard-Soulier, and CEDNIK syndromes. Here we present six additional unreported patients with 22q11.2DS and concurrent diagnoses. Records on 1,422 patients with 22q11.2DS, identified via FISH, microarray, or MLPA, followed in our 22q and You Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) were reviewed to identify a dual diagnosis. In addition to our seven previously reported cases, we identified an additional six with 22q11.2DS and another coexisting condition identified via: molecular/cytogenetic studies, newborn screening, coagulation factor studies, or enzyme testing; these include CHARGE syndrome (CHD7 mutation), cystic fibrosis, a maternally inherited 17q12 deletion, G6PD deficiency, von Willebrand disease, and 1q21.1 deletion, resulting in an incidence of dual diagnoses at our center of 0.9%. The range of dual diagnoses identified in our cohort is notable, medically actionable, and may alter long-term outcome and recurrence risk counseling. Thus, our findings may support testing patients with 22q11.2DS using a combination of microarray, mutational analysis of the other allele/WES, to ensure appropriate personalized care, as formulating medical management decisions hinges on establishing the correct diagnoses in their entirety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Cohen
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Daniel E McGinn
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carey McDougall
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marta Unolt
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome and Ospedale Bambino Gesu, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele P Lambert
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Beverly S Emanuel
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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