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Eckstein BJ, Martin HR, Moghadasnia MP, Halder A, Melville MJ, Buzinski TN, Balaich GJ, McGuirk CM. Influence of donor point modifications on the assembly of chalcogen-bonded organic frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:758-761. [PMID: 38126447 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05162e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Incremental, single-atom substitutions of Se-based chalcogen bond (Ch-bond) donors with stronger donating Te centers were implemented in two new triptycene tris(1,2,5-chalcogenadiazole) tectons. The appreciably more favorable Ch-bonding ability of the Te-based donors promotes assembly of low-density networks and more stable Ch-bonded organic frameworks (ChOFs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Eckstein
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
| | - Hannah R Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
| | | | - Arijit Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
| | - Michael J Melville
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
| | - Tara N Buzinski
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
| | - Gary J Balaich
- Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, Laboratories for Advanced Materials, United States Airforce Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80840, USA
| | - C Michael McGuirk
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA.
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2
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Chmovzh TN, Alekhina DA, Kudryashev TA, Aysin RR, Korlyukov AA, Rakitin OA. Benzo[1,2- d:4,5- d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) and Its Bromo Derivatives: Molecular Structure and Reactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108835. [PMID: 37240184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) (isoBBT) is a new electron-withdrawing building block that can be used to obtain potentially interesting compounds for the synthesis of OLEDs and organic solar cells components. The electronic structure and delocalization in benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole), 4-bromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole), and 4,8-dibromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis and ab initio calculations by EDDB and GIMIC methods and were compared to the corresponding properties of benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (BBT). Calculations at a high level of theory showed that the electron affinity, which determines electron deficiency, of isoBBT was significantly smaller than that of BBT (1.09 vs. 1.90 eV). Incorporation of bromine atoms improves the electrical deficiency of bromobenzo-bis-thiadiazoles nearly without affecting aromaticity, which increases the reactivity of these compounds in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions and, on the other hand, does not reduce the ability to undergo cross-coupling reactions. 4-Bromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) is an attractive object for the synthesis of monosubstituted isoBBT compounds. The goal to find conditions for the selective substitution of hydrogen or bromine atoms at position 4 in order to obtain compounds containing a (het)aryl group in this position and to use the remaining unsubstituted hydrogen or bromine atoms to obtain unsymmetrically substituted isoBBT derivatives, potentially interesting compounds for organic photovoltaic components, was not set before. Nucleophilic aromatic and cross-coupling reactions, along with palladium-catalyzed C-H direct arylation reactions for 4-bromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole), were studied and selective conditions for the synthesis of monoarylated derivatives were found. The observed features of the structure and reactivity of isoBBT derivatives may be useful for building organic semiconductor-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofey N Chmovzh
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Daria A Alekhina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Higher Chemical College, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timofey A Kudryashev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rinat R Aysin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg A Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Chulanova EA, Radiush EA, Semenov NA, Hupf E, Irtegova IG, Kosenkova YS, Bagryanskaya IY, Shundrin LA, Beckmann J, Zibarev AV. Tuning Molecular Electron Affinities against Atomic Electronegativities by Spatial Expansion of a π-System. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200876. [PMID: 36661050 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
2,1,3-Benzochalcogenadiazoles C6 R4 N2 E (E/R; E=S, Se, Te; R=H, F, Cl, Br, I) and C6 H2 R2 N2 E (E/R'; E=S, Se, Te; R=Br, I) are 10π-electron hetarenes. By CV/EPR measurements, DFT calculations, and QTAIM and ELI-D analyses, it is shown that their molecular electron affinities (EAs) increase with decreasing Allen electronegativities and electron affinities of the E and non-hydrogen R (except Cl) atoms. DFT calculations for E/R+e⋅- →[E/R]⋅- electron capture reveal negative ΔG values numerically increasing with increasing atomic numbers of the E and R atoms; positive ΔS has a minor influence. It is suggested that the EA increase is caused by more effective charge/spin delocalization in the radical anions of heavier derivatives due to contributions from diffuse (a real-space expanded) p-AOs of the heavier E and R atoms; and that this counterintuitive effect might be of the general character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Chulanova
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Current address: Institute for Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina A Radiush
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A Semenov
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Irina G Irtegova
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia S Kosenkova
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Yu Bagryanskaya
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid A Shundrin
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Andrey V Zibarev
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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4
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Verbitskiy EV, le Poul P, Bureš F, Achelle S, Barsella A, Kvashnin YA, Rusinov GL, Charushin VN. Push–Pull Derivatives Based on 2,4′-Biphenylene Linker with Quinoxaline, [1,2,5]Oxadiazolo[3,4-B]Pyrazine and [1,2,5]Thiadiazolo[3,4-B]Pyrazine Electron Withdrawing Parts. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134250. [PMID: 35807494 PMCID: PMC9268487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel V-shaped quinoxaline, [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine push–pull derivatives with 2,4′-biphenylene linker were designed and their electrochemical, photophysical and nonlinear optical properties were investigated. [1,2,5]Oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine is the stronger electron-withdrawing fragment as shown by electrochemical, and photophysical data. All compounds are emissive in a solid-state (from the cyan to red region of the spectrum) and quinoxaline derivatives are emissions in DCM solution. It has been found that quinoxaline derivatives demonstrate important solvatochromism and extra-large Stokes shifts, characteristic of twisted intramolecular charge transfer excited state as well as aggregation induced emission. The experimental conclusions have been justified by theoretical (TD-)DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor V. Verbitskiy
- I. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (Y.A.K.); (G.L.R.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Mira St. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.V.V.); (F.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Pascal le Poul
- University Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes—UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Studenská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (E.V.V.); (F.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Sylvain Achelle
- University Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes—UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France;
- Correspondence: (E.V.V.); (F.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Alberto Barsella
- Département d’Optique Ultrarapide et Nanophotonique, IPCMS, UMR CNRS 7504, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, CEDEX 2, 67034 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Yuriy A. Kvashnin
- I. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (Y.A.K.); (G.L.R.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Gennady L. Rusinov
- I. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (Y.A.K.); (G.L.R.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Mira St. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- I. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (Y.A.K.); (G.L.R.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Mira St. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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5
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4,7-Bis(5-(9-hexyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor molecules of the D-π-A-π-D type structure are often used for applications in organic photovoltaics. In this communication, bromination of 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine followed by Suzuki cross-coupling with carbazoleboronic acid gave 4,7-bis( 5-(9-hexyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds was established by high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy and mass-spectrometry. A study of the luminescent properties of the dye showed that it exhibits fluorescence in the near infrared region of the spectrum, which makes it a promising compound for use as an active emitting layer in NIR OLED as well as for other possible applications as an IR luminophore.
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Makarov AY, Volkova YM, Zikirin SB, Irtegova IG, Bagryanskaya IY, Gatilov YV, Nefedov AA, Zibarev AV. New 3,1,2,4-benzothiaselenadiazines, related π-heterocycles including Herz cations, radicals and molecular complexes, and Bunte salts. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3,1,2,4-Benzothiaselenadiazines, 1,3,2,4-benzodithiadiazines and 1,2,4,3,5-benzotrithiadiazepines are synthesized from Ar–NSN–SiMe3 and chalcogen chlorides, and converted into Herz salts, radicals and molecular complexes, and S- and Se-Bunte salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu. Makarov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia M. Volkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Samat B. Zikirin
- V. V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina G. Irtegova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Yu. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri V. Gatilov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A. Nefedov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V. Zibarev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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7
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Hill MC, Lough AJ, Gossage RA. Heteroatom Exchange Chemistry in (Z)-1-R-2-(4’,4’-dimethyl)-2’-oxazolin-2’yl)-eth-1-en-1-ols: Access to Chelate-Stabilized Thioester Analogues of Dithiooxophosphoranes. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Hill
- Department of Chemistry & Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Alan J. Lough
- X-ray Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Robert A. Gossage
- Department of Chemistry & Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada
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8
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Benzothiadiazole vs. iso-Benzothiadiazole: Synthesis, Electrochemical and Optical Properties of D-A-D Conjugated Molecules Based on Them. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164931. [PMID: 34443520 PMCID: PMC8399333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an improved synthesis of 4,7-dibromobenzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole from commercially available reagents. According to quantum-mechanical calculations, benzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole (isoBTD) has higher values of ELUMO and energy band gap (Eg), which indicates high electron conductivity, occurring due to the high stability of the molecule in the excited state. We studied the cross-coupling reactions of this dibromide and found that the highest yields of π-spacer–acceptor–π-spacer type compounds were obtained by means of the Stille reaction. Therefore, 6 new structures of this type have been synthesized. A detailed study of the optical and electrochemical properties of the obtained π-spacer–acceptor–π-spacer type compounds in comparison with isomeric structures based on benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (BTD) showed a red shift of absorption maxima with lower absorptive and luminescent capacity. However, the addition of the 2,2′-bithiophene fragment as a π-spacer resulted in an unexpected increase of the extinction coefficient in the UV/vis spectra along with a blue shift of both absorption maxima for the isoBTD-based compound as compared to the BTD-based compound. Thus, a thorough selection of components in the designing of appropriate compounds with benzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole as an internal acceptor can lead to promising photovoltaic materials.
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9
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de Salles HD, Coelho FL, Paixão DB, Barboza CA, da Silveira Rampon D, Rodembusch FS, Schneider PH. Evidence of a Photoinduced Electron-Transfer Mechanism in the Fluorescence Self-quenching of 2,5-Substituted Selenophenes Prepared through In Situ Reduction of Elemental Selenium in Superbasic Media. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10140-10153. [PMID: 34283602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 2,5-disubstituted selenophene derivatives are described from elemental selenium and 1,3-diynes in superbasic media. The activation of elemental selenium in a KOH/DMSO system allows cyclization with conjugated diynes at room temperature. The cyclization reaction is extended to a broad range of functional groups, for which photophysics were experimentally and theoretically investigated. The selenophene derivatives present absorption maxima in the UV-A region and fluorescence emission in the violet-to-blue region. Fluorescence decay profiles were obtained showing a monoexponential decay with fast fluorescence lifetimes (∼0.118 ns), as predicted by the Strickler-Berg relations. In general, in both investigations, no dependence on the solvent polarity on the absorption and emission maxima location was observed. On the other hand, solvents and substituents are shown to play a role in the fluorescence quantum yield values. In addition, a fluorescence self-quenching behavior could be observed, related to a photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism. Theoretical calculations performed at the MP2/ADC(2)/cc-pVDZ level of theory were performed in order to investigate the photophysical features of this series of selenophene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Domingues de Salles
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Felipe Lange Coelho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goaînia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Douglas Bernardo Paixão
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel da Silveira Rampon
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Catálise (LAPOCA), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), P.O. Box 19061, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Schneider
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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10
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Fata F, Silvestri I, Ardini M, Ippoliti R, Di Leandro L, Demitri N, Polentarutti M, Di Matteo A, Lyu H, Thatcher GR, Petukhov PA, Williams DL, Angelucci F. Probing the Surface of a Parasite Drug Target Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase Using Small Molecule Fragments. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:1932-1944. [PMID: 33950676 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fragment screening is a powerful drug discovery approach particularly useful for enzymes difficult to inhibit selectively, such as the thiol/selenol-dependent thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs), which are essential and druggable in several infectious diseases. Several known inhibitors are reactive electrophiles targeting the selenocysteine-containing C-terminus and thus often suffering from off-target reactivity in vivo. The lack of structural information on the interaction modalities of the C-terminus-targeting inhibitors, due to the high mobility of this domain and the lack of alternative druggable sites, prevents the development of selective inhibitors for TrxRs. In this work, fragments selected from actives identified in a large screen carried out against Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase from Schistosoma mansoni (SmTGR) were probed by X-ray crystallography. SmTGR is one of the most promising drug targets for schistosomiasis, a devastating, neglected disease. Utilizing a multicrystal method to analyze electron density maps, structural analysis, and functional studies, three binding sites were characterized in SmTGR: two sites are close to or partially superposable with the NADPH binding site, while the third one is found between two symmetry related SmTGR subunits of the crystal lattice. Surprisingly, one compound bound to this latter site stabilizes, through allosteric effects mediated by the so-called guiding bar residues, the crucial redox active C-terminus of SmTGR, making it finally visible at high resolution. These results further promote fragments as small molecule probes for investigating functional aspects of the target protein, exemplified by the allosteric effect on the C-terminus, and providing fundamental chemical information exploitable in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fata
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ilaria Silvestri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Matteo Ardini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Luana Di Leandro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra − Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza − Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Polentarutti
- Elettra − Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza − Trieste, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences “A Rossi Fanelli” - Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Haining Lyu
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Gregory R.J. Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Pavel A. Petukhov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - David L. Williams
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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Abstract
New heterocyclic systems containing 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazoles are of great interest for the creation of organic photovoltaic materials and biologically active compounds. In this communication, 3,6-dibromopyridazine-4,5-diamine was investigated in reaction with selenium dioxide in order to obtain 4,7-dibromo-[1,2,5]selenadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine. We found that 7-bromo-[1,2,5]selenadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazin-4(5H)-one, the first representative of the new heterocyclic system, was isolated as a hydrolysis product of the corresponding 4,7-dibromoderivative. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was established by means of elemental analysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR, IR and UV spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.
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12
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Abstract
Dibromoderivatives of benzofused chalcogen-nitrogen heterocycles are important precursors in the synthesis of various photovoltaic materials. 4,7-Dibromobenzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole is a practically unexplored compound in this series. In this communication, it was shown that the nucleophilic substitution of 4,7-dibromobenzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole with morpholine gave selectively 4-substituted product—4-(7-bromobenzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl)morpholine. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was established by means of elemental analysis, high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry, and X-ray analysis.
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Rajai-Daryasarei S, Gohari MH, Mohammadi N. Reactions involving aryl methyl ketone and molecular iodine: a powerful tool in the one-pot synthesis of heterocycles. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03572j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of heterocyclic compounds has attracted great attention in organic chemistry because of their extensive application in the field of bioactive molecules, materials science, and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narges Mohammadi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455 Tehran, Iran
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14
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Hamsath A, Xian M. Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Selenenyl Sulfides and Thioseleninic Acids. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1143-1157. [PMID: 32151152 PMCID: PMC7698873 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Selenenyl sulfides (RSeSRs) and thioseleninic acids (RSeSHs) are the monoselenium (Se) analogs of disulfides and persulfides that contain Se-S bonds. These bonds are found in several antioxidant-regenerating enzymes as derivatives of selenocysteine, making them an important player in redox biology as it pertains to sulfur redox regulation. Recent Advances: Mechanistic studies of redox-regulating selenoenzymes such as thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase suggest crucial Se-S bonds in the active sites. Peptide models and small-molecule mimics of these active sites have been prepared to study their fundamental chemistry. These advances help pave the road to better understand the functions of the Se-S bond in the body. Critical Issues: The Se-S bond is unstable at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Therefore, studying their properties proposes a major challenge. Currently, there are no trapping reagents specific to RSeSRs or RSeSHs, making their presence, identity, and fates in biological environments difficult to track. Future Directions: Further understanding of the fundamental chemistry/biochemistry of RSeSRs and RSeSHs is needed to understand what their intracellular targets are and to what extent they impact signaling. Besides antioxidant regeneration and peroxide radical reduction, the roles of RSeSR and RSeSHs in other systems need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akil Hamsath
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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15
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Baranovsky IV, Konstantinova LS, Tolmachev MA, Popov VV, A. Lyssenko K, Rakitin OA. Synthesis of 2-((2-(Benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2 H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-phenols from 2-((5 H-1,2,3-Dithiazol-5-ylidene)amino)phenols through Unprecedented Formation of Imidazole Ring from Two Methanimino Groups. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173768. [PMID: 32824981 PMCID: PMC7504547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new synthetic pathway to four substituted imidazoles from readily available 2-((4-aryl(thienyl)-5H-1,2,3-dithiazol-5-ylidene)amino)phenols has been developed. Benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl(aryl(thienyl))methanimines were proved as key intermediates in their synthesis. The formation of an imidazole ring from two methanimine derivatives likely includes the opening of one benzoxazole ring followed by ring closure by intermolecular nucleophilic attack of the N-methanimine atom to a carbon atom of another methanimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia V. Baranovsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (L.S.K.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Lidia S. Konstantinova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (L.S.K.); (M.A.T.)
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Mikhail A. Tolmachev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (L.S.K.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Vadim V. Popov
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Konstantin A. Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- G. V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (L.S.K.); (M.A.T.)
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-135-5327
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16
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Bol’shakov OI, Yushina ID, Stash AI, Aysin RR, Bartashevich EV, Rakitin OA. Structure and properties of 4-phenyl-5H-1,2,3-dithiazole-5-thione polyiodide with S−I+−S bridged complex. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01584-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Volkova YM, Makarov AY, Pritchina EA, Gritsan NP, Zibarev AV. Herz radicals: chemistry and materials science. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of Rare Substituted 1,2,3-Thiaselenazoles and Corresponding Matched Pair 1,2,3-Dithiazoles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9070369. [PMID: 32630252 PMCID: PMC7400446 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9070369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report our investigations into the underlying differences between 1,2,3-dithiazole and their ultra-rare counterpart, 1,2,3-thiaselenazole. This rare 1,2,3-thiaselenazole chemotype was afforded by sulfur extrusion and selenium insertion into the preconstructed 1,2,3-dithiazoles. We built a library of matched paired compounds to compare and contrast the two ring systems. This led to the development of both narrow and broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds with sub-micro molar potency, limited to no toxicity and a further understanding of the transition state electronics through molecular simulations. We also identified the potent 4,5,6-trichlorocyclopenta[d][1,2,3]thiaselenazole 11a, for use against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii, all of which have limited clinical treatment options. The 1,2,3-thiaselenazole represents a new class of potential compounds for the treatment of a host of multi-resistant hospital derived infections.
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19
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Khisamov R, Sukhikh T, Bashirov D, Ryadun A, Konchenko S. Structural and Photophysical Properties of 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole-Based Phosph(III)azane and Its Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:E2428. [PMID: 32456016 PMCID: PMC7288126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we describe the synthesis of a novel N,N'-bis(2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4-yl)-1-phenylphosphanediamine (H2L) and its zinc (II) and copper (I) coordination compounds [Zn2L2]·nC7H8 (1·nC7H8), [Zn2(H2L)2Cl4]·nC7H8 (2·nC7H8), and [Cu(H2L)Cl]n·nTHF (3·THF). According to single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, H2L ligand and its deprotonated species exhibit different coordination modes. An interesting isomerism is observed for the complexes [Zn2(H2L)2Cl4] (2a and 2b) that differ by the arrangement of H2L. Both complexes possess internal cavities capable of incorporating toluene molecules. Upon toluene release, the geometry of 2b changes substantially, while that of 2a changes slightly. Due to the diverse structures, the compounds 1-3 reveal different photophysical properties. These results are discussed based on previously reported studies and DFT (density functional theory) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taisiya Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (R.K.); (D.B.); (A.R.); (S.K.)
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20
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Makhova NN, Belen’kii LI, Gazieva GA, Dalinger IL, Konstantinova LS, Kuznetsov VV, Kravchenko AN, Krayushkin MM, Rakitin OA, Starosotnikov AM, Fershtat LL, Shevelev SA, Shirinian VZ, Yarovenko VN. Progress in the chemistry of nitrogen-, oxygen- and sulfur-containing heterocyclic systems. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Sukhikh TS, Khisamov RM, Bashirov DA, Kovtunova LM, Kuratieva NV, Konchenko SN. Substituent Effect on the Structure and Photophysical Properties of Phenylamino- and Pyridylamino-2,1,3-Benzothiadiazoles. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476619100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Recent developments in the synthesis of Se-heterocycles applying elemental selenium (microreview). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-019-02559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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Climent C, Vela S, Jornet-Somoza J, Deumal M. Revising the common understanding of metamagnetism in the molecule-based bisdithiazolyl BDTMe compound. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12184-12191. [PMID: 31147665 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The BDTMe molecule-based material is the first example of a thiazyl radical to exhibit metamagnetic behavior. Contrary to the common idea that metamagnetism occurs in low-dimensional systems, it is found that BDTMe magnetic topology consists of a complex 3D network of almost isotropic ferromagnetic spin-ladders that are coupled ferromagnetically and further connected by some weaker antiferromagnetic interactions. Calculated magnetic susceptibility χT(T) data is in agreement with experiment. Calculated M(H) data clearly show the typical sigmoidal shape of a metamagnet at temperatures below 2 K. The calculated critical field becomes more apparent in the dM/dH(H) plot, being in very good agreement with experiment. Our computational study concludes that the magnetic topology of BDTMe is preserved throughout the entire experimental range of temperatures (0-100 K). Accordingly, the ground state is the same irrespective of the temperature at which we study the BDTMe crystal. Revising the commonly accepted understanding of a metamagnet explained as ground state changing from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic, the Boltzmann population of the different states is here suggested to be the key concept: at 2 K the ground singlet state has more weight (24%) than at 10 K (1.5%), where excited states have an important role. Changes in the antiferromagnetic interactions that couple the ferromagnetic skeleton of BDTMe will directly affect the population of the distinct states that belong to a given magnetic topology and thus its magnetic response. Accordingly, this strategy could be valid for a wide range of bisdithiazolyl BDT-compounds whose magnetism can be tuned by means of weak antiferromagnetic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clàudia Climent
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Vela
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joaquim Jornet-Somoza
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Theory Department, The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD), Bldg. 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mercè Deumal
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Mailman A, Robertson CM, Winter SM, Dube PA, Oakley RT. The Importance of Electronic Dimensionality in Multiorbital Radical Conductors. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6495-6506. [PMID: 31021620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The exceptional performance of oxobenzene-bridged bis-1,2,3-dithiazolyls 6 as single-component neutral radical conductors arises from the presence of a low-lying π-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, which reduces the potential barrier to charge transport and increases the kinetic stabilization energy of the metallic state. As part of ongoing efforts to modify the solid-state structures and transport properties of these so-called multiorbital materials, we report the preparation and characterization of the acetoxy, methoxy, and thiomethyl derivatives 6 (R = OAc, OMe, SMe). The crystal structures are based on ribbonlike arrays of radicals laced together by S···N' and S···O' secondary bonding interactions. The steric and electronic effects of the exocyclic ligands varies, affording one-dimensional (1D) π-stacked radicals for R = OAc, 1D cofacial dimer π-stacks for R = SMe, and a pseudo two-dimensional (2D) brick-wall arrangement for R = OMe. Variable-temperature magnetic and conductivity measurements reveal strong antiferromagnetic interactions and Mott insulating behavior for the two radical-based structures (R = OAc, OMe), with lower room-temperature conductivities (σRT ≈ 1 × 10-4 and ∼1 × 10-3 S cm-1, respectively) and higher thermal activation energies ( Eact = 0.24 and 0.21 eV, respectively) than found for the ideal 2D brick-wall structure of 6 (R = F), where σRT ≈ 1 × 10-2 S cm-1 and Eact = 0.10 eV. The performance of R = OMe, OAc relative to that of R = F, is consistent with the results of density functional theory band electronic structure calculations, which indicate a lower kinetic stabilization energy of the putative metallic state arising from their reduced electronic dimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyväskylä , P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä , Finland.,Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Winter
- Institut für Theoretische Physik , Goethe-Universität , Frankfurt am Main 60438 , Germany
| | - Paul A Dube
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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26
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Abstract
Dihalogenated derivatives of 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazoles fused with benzene or heterocyclic rings are of interest as starting compounds for photovoltaic materials. The 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazole ring in these heterocycles was most commonly prepared from the corresponding ortho-diamine moiety. In this communication, 3,6-dibromopyridazine-4,5-diamine was prepared via the reaction of 4,7-dibromo[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine with sodium methoxide in THF by heating at reflux for four hours. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was established by means of high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C-NMR and IR spectroscopy, and mass-spectrometry.
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