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Takayama KI, Suzuki T, Sato K, Saito Y, Inoue S. Cooperative nuclear action of RNA-binding proteins PSF and G3BP2 to sustain neuronal cell viability is decreased in aging and dementia. Aging Cell 2024:e14316. [PMID: 39155453 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been implicated in several geriatric diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known about the nuclear molecular actions and cooperative functions mediated by RBPs that affect gene regulation in sporadic AD or aging. In the present study, we investigated aging- and AD-associated changes in the expression of PSF and G3BP2, which are representative RBPs associated with sex hormone activity. We determined that both PSF and G3BP2 levels were decreased in aged brains compared to young brains of mice. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of human neuronal cells has shown that PSF is responsible for neuron-specific functions and sustains cell viability. In addition, we showed that PSF interacted with G3BP2 in the nucleus and stress granules (SGs) at the protein level. Moreover, PSF-mediated gene regulation at the RNA level correlated with G3BP2. Interestingly, PSF and G3BP2 target genes are associated with AD development. Mechanistically, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that the interaction of RBPs with the pre-mRNA of target genes enhanced post-transcriptional mRNA stability, suggesting a possible role for these RBPs in preserving neuronal cell viability. Notably, in the brains of patients with sporadic AD, decreased expression of PSF and G3BP2 in neurons was observed compared to non-AD patients. Overall, our findings suggest that the cooperative action of PSF and G3BP2 in the nucleus is important for preventing aging and AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sato
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Neuropathology (the Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Lv X, Zhang R, Li S, Jin X. tRNA Modifications and Dysregulation: Implications for Brain Diseases. Brain Sci 2024; 14:633. [PMID: 39061374 PMCID: PMC11274612 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are well-known for their essential function in protein synthesis. Recent research has revealed a diverse range of chemical modifications that tRNAs undergo, which are crucial for various cellular processes. These modifications are necessary for the precise and efficient translation of proteins and also play important roles in gene expression regulation and cellular stress response. This review examines the role of tRNA modifications and dysregulation in the pathophysiology of various brain diseases, including epilepsy, stroke, neurodevelopmental disorders, brain tumors, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing research, our study aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between tRNA dysregulation and brain diseases. This underscores the critical need for ongoing exploration in this field and provides valuable insights that could facilitate the development of innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches, ultimately improving outcomes for individuals grappling with complex neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Lv
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Ruorui Zhang
- Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
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Huang P, Li L, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhu D, Cui J. Mitochondrial DNA drives neuroinflammation through the cGAS-IFN signaling pathway in the spinal cord of neuropathic pain mice. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220872. [PMID: 38840892 PMCID: PMC11151397 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is pivotal in the development of neuropathic pain (NeP). While mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) are recognized for inducing inflammation in various neurological disorders, their involvement in NeP remains ambiguous. In this study, we examined: (1) the changes in mtDNA and cGAS in mice with NeP induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, whether mtDNA triggers inflammation via the cGAS signaling; (2) the effects of RU.521, a cGAS antagonist, on CCI-induced nociception (allodynia and hyperalgesia) and relative inflammatory protein expression; (3) the activation of microglia and the cGAS-IFN pathway mediated by mtDNA in BV2 cell; (4) the effect of RU.521 on mtDNA-induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells. Results revealed reduced mtDNA levels in the sciatic nerve but increased levels in the spinal cord of CCI mice, along with elevated cGAS expression and inflammatory factors. RU.521 alleviated nociceptive behaviors in CCI mice, possibly by normalizing cGAS levels and suppressing inflammation. Neuron-derived mtDNA provoked cellular activation and upregulated cGAS signaling in BV2 cells. Additionally, RU.521 and DNase I effectively inhibited cGAS-induced inflammation. These findings underscore the critical role of mtDNA accumulation and mtDNA-mediated cGAS signaling in NeP development after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Huang
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Yaohua Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
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Demirel G, Sanajou S, Yirün A, Çakir DA, Berkkan A, Baydar T, Erkekoğlu P. Evaluation of possible neuroprotective effects of virgin coconut oil on aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in an in vitro Alzheimer's disease model. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:609-622. [PMID: 37989595 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects various cognitive functions, behavior, and personality. AD is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to aluminum (Al). Virgin coconut oil (VCO) may have potential as a natural neuroprotectant against AD. Aim of this study was to determine neuroprotective effects of VCO on Al-induced neurotoxicity in an in vitro AD model. SH-SY5Y cells were initially cultured in normal growth medium and then differentiated by reducing fetal bovine serum content and adding retinoic acid (RA). Later, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was added along with RA. The differentiation process was completed on the seventh day. Study groups (n = 3) were designed as control group, VCO group, Al group, Al-VCO group, Alzheimer model (AD) group, AD + Al-exposed group (AD+Al), AD + VCO applied group (AD + VCO) and AD + Al-exposed + VCO applied group (AD + Al + VCO). Specific markers of AD (hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, amyloid beta 1-40 peptide, and amyloid precursor protein) were measured in all groups. In addition, oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidase, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species) and neurotransmitter-related parameters (dopamine, dopamine transporter acetylcholine, and synuclein alpha levels, acetylcholinesterase activity) were measured comparatively in the study groups. VCO reduced amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein levels in the study groups. In addition, oxidative stress levels decreased, and neurotransmitter parameters improved with VCO. Our study shows that VCO may have potential therapeutic effects in Alzheimer's disease and further experiments are needed to determine its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksun Demirel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
- Institute of Addiction and Forensic Sciences, Department of Forensic Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sonia Sanajou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anil Yirün
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Arca Çakir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Vaccine Institute, Department of Vaccine Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Berkkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pinar Erkekoğlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Vaccine Institute, Department of Vaccine Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Soreq H. MicroRNA guardians of the posterior cingulate cortex delay cognitive deterioration in elders. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae099. [PMID: 38572269 PMCID: PMC10988635 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to 'MicroRNA profiles of pathology and resilience in posterior cingulate cortex of cognitively intact elders', by Kelley et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcae082).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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German‐Castelan L, Shanks HRC, Gros R, Saito T, Saido TC, Saksida LM, Bussey TJ, Prado MAM, Schmitz TW, Prado VF. Sex-dependent cholinergic effects on amyloid pathology: A translational study. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:995-1012. [PMID: 37846816 PMCID: PMC10916951 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About two-thirds of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients are women, who exhibit more severe pathology and cognitive decline than men. Whether biological sex causally modulates the relationship between cholinergic signaling and amyloid pathology remains unknown. METHODS We quantified amyloid beta (Aβ) in male and female App-mutant mice with either decreased or increased cholinergic tone and examined the impact of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement in this relationship. We also investigated longitudinal changes in basal forebrain (cholinergic function) and Aβ in elderly individuals. RESULTS We show a causal relationship between cholinergic tone and amyloid pathology in males and ovariectomized female mice, which is decoupled in ovary-intact and ovariectomized females receiving estradiol. In elderly humans, cholinergic loss exacerbates Aβ. DISCUSSION Our findings emphasize the importance of reflecting human menopause in mouse models. They also support a role for therapies targeting estradiol and cholinergic signaling to reduce Aβ. HIGHLIGHTS Cholinergic tone regulates amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology in males and ovariectomized female mice. Estradiol uncouples the relationship between cholinergic tone and Aβ. In elderly humans, cholinergic loss correlates with increased Aβ in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana German‐Castelan
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Hayley R. C. Shanks
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Robert Gros
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of MedicineSchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive ScienceInstitute of Brain ScienceNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
- Laboratory for Proteolytic NeuroscienceRIKEN Center for Brain ScienceWako, SaitamaJapan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic NeuroscienceRIKEN Center for Brain ScienceWako, SaitamaJapan
| | - Lisa M. Saksida
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Western Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Timothy J. Bussey
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Western Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Marco A. M. Prado
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Western Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Taylor W. Schmitz
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Western Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Lawson Health Research InstituteSt. Joseph's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Vania F. Prado
- Robarts Research InstituteSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Neuroscience programSchulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Western Institute for NeuroscienceUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologySchulich School of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
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Song T, Chen Y, Li C, Yao Y, Ma S, Shang Y, Cheng J. Identification of Molecular Correlations of GSDMD with Pyroptosis inAlzheimer's Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2125-2139. [PMID: 39099451 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073285497240226061936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM An analysis of bioinformatics and cell experiments was performed to verify the relationship between gasdermin D (GSDMD), an executive protein of pyroptosis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS The training set GSE33000 was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both the AD group and control group, as well as in the GSDMD protein high/low expression group. Subsequently, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were conducted, followed by the selection of the key genes for the subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The association between GSDMD and AD was assessed and confirmed in the training set GSE33000, as well as in the validation sets GSE5281 and GSE48350. Immunofluorescence (IF) was employed to detect the myelin basic protein (MBP), a distinctive protein found in the rat oligodendrocytes (OLN-93 cells). A range of concentrations (1-15 μmol/L) of β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42) were exposed to the cells, and the subsequent observations were made regarding cell morphology. Additionally, the assessments were conducted to evaluate the cell viability, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, the cell membrane permeability, and the GSDMD protein expression. RESULTS A total of 7,492 DEGs were screened using GSE33000. Subsequently, WGCNA analysis identified 19 genes that exhibited the strongest correlation with clinical traits in AD. Additionally, LASSO regression analysis identified 13 key genes, including GSDMD, AFF1, and ATOH8. Furthermore, the investigation revealed that the key genes were associated with cellular inflammation based on GO and KEGG analyses. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) values for the key genes in the training and validation sets were determined to be 0.95 and 0.70, respectively. Significantly, GSDMD demonstrated elevated levels of expression in AD across both datasets. The positivity of MBP expression in cells exceeded 95%. As the concentration of Aβ1-42 action gradually escalated, the detrimental effects on cells progressively intensified, resulting in a gradual decline in cell survival rate, accompanied by an increase in lactate dehydrogenase release, cell membrane permeability, and GSDMD protein expression. CONCLUSION The association between GSDMD and AD has been observed, and it has been found that Aβ1-42 can induce a significant upregulation of GSDMD in OLN-93 cells. This suggests that Aβ1-42 has the potential to induce cellular pyroptosis and can serve as a valuable cellular pyroptosis model for the study of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangtang Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yinhui Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yazhen Shang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, P.R. China
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Tzur Y, Winek K, Madrer N, Dubnov S, Bennett ER, Greenberg DS, Hanin G, Gammal A, Tam J, Arkin IT, Paldor I, Soreq H. Lysine tRNA fragments and miR-194-5p co-regulate hepatic steatosis via β-Klotho and perilipin 2. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101856. [PMID: 38141848 PMCID: PMC10805669 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves hepatic accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets via incompletely understood processes. Here, we report distinct and cooperative NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF transfer RNA fragments and microRNA miR-194-5p. METHODS Combined use of diet induced obese mice with human-derived oleic acid-exposed Hep G2 cells revealed new NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p. RESULTS Unlike lean animals, dietary-induced NAFLD mice showed concurrent hepatic decrease of both LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p levels, which were restored following miR-132 antisense oligonucleotide treatment which suppresses hepatic steatosis. Moreover, exposing human-derived Hep G2 cells to oleic acid for 7 days co-suppressed miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF levels while increasing lipid accumulation. Inversely, transfecting fattened cells with a synthetic LysTTT-5'tRF mimic elevated mRNA levels of the metabolic regulator β-Klotho while decreasing triglyceride amounts by 30% within 24 h. In contradistinction, antisense suppression of miR-194-5p induced accumulation of its novel target, the NAFLD-implicated lipid droplet-coating PLIN2 protein. Further, two out of 15 steatosis-alleviating screened drug-repurposing compounds, Danazol and Latanoprost, elevated miR-194-5p or LysTTT-5'tRF levels. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the different yet complementary roles of miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF and offer new insights into the complex roles of small non-coding RNAs and the multiple pathways involved in NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonat Tzur
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katarzyna Winek
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estelle R Bennett
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David S Greenberg
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Geula Hanin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaad Gammal
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Isaiah T Arkin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Neurosurgery Department, Main Building, 10th Floor, 12 Shmu'el Bait Street, Jerusalem, 9103102 Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Kyung J, Kim D, Shin K, Park D, Hong SC, Kim TM, Choi EK, Kim YB. Repeated Intravenous Administration of Human Neural Stem Cells Producing Choline Acetyltransferase Exerts Anti-Aging Effects in Male F344 Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2711. [PMID: 38067139 PMCID: PMC10706332 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Major features of aging might be progressive decreases in cognitive function and physical activity, in addition to withered appearance. Previously, we reported that the intracerebroventricular injection of human neural stem cells (NSCs named F3) encoded the choline acetyltransferase gene (F3.ChAT). The cells secreted acetylcholine and growth factors (GFs) and neurotrophic factors (NFs), thereby improving learning and memory function as well as the physical activity of aged animals. In this study, F344 rats (10 months old) were intravenously transplanted with F3 or F3.ChAT NSCs (1 × 106 cells) once a month to the 21st month of age. Their physical activity and cognitive function were investigated, and brain acetylcholine (ACh) and cholinergic and dopaminergic system markers were analyzed. Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activities of stem cells were also confirmed by analyzing oxidative damages, neuronal skeletal protein, angiogenesis, brain and muscle weights, and proliferating host stem cells. Stem cells markedly improved both cognitive and physical functions, in parallel with the elevation in ACh levels in cerebrospinal fluid and muscles, in which F3.ChAT cells were more effective than F3 parental cells. Stem cell transplantation downregulated CCL11 and recovered GFs and NFs in the brain, leading to restoration of microtubule-associated protein 2 as well as functional markers of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems, along with neovascularization. Stem cells also restored muscular GFs and NFs, resulting in increased angiogenesis and muscle mass. In addition, stem cells enhanced antioxidative capacity, attenuating oxidative damage to the brain and muscles. The results indicate that NSCs encoding ChAT improve cognitive function and physical activity of aging animals by protecting and recovering functions of multiple organs, including cholinergic and dopaminergic systems, as well as muscles from oxidative injuries through secretion of ACh and GFs/NFs, increased antioxidant elements, and enhanced blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangbeen Kyung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungha Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsun Park
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Myoung Kim
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Ehn-Kyoung Choi
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Bae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
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Gozes I, Shapira G, Lobyntseva A, Shomron N. Unexpected gender differences in progressive supranuclear palsy reveal efficacy for davunetide in women. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:319. [PMID: 37845254 PMCID: PMC10579238 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a pure tauopathy, implicating davunetide, enhancing Tau-microtubule interaction, as an ideal drug candidate. However, pooling patient data irrespective of sex concluded no efficacy. Here, analyzing sex-dependency in a 52 week-long- PSP clinical trial (involving over 200 patients) demonstrated clear baseline differences in brain ventricular volumes, a secondary endpoint. Dramatic baseline ventricular volume-dependent/volume increase correlations were observed in 52-week-placebo-treated females (r = 0.74, P = 2.36-9), whereas davunetide-treated females (like males) revealed no such effects. Assessment of primary endpoints, by the PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS) and markedly more so by the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (SEADL) scale, showed significantly faster deterioration in females, starting at trial week 13 (P = 0.01, and correlating with most other endpoints by week 52). Twice daily davunetide treatments slowed female disease progression and revealed significant protection according to the SEADL scale as early as at 39 weeks (P = 0.008), as well as protection of the bulbar and limb motor domains considered by the PSPRS, including speaking and swallowing difficulties caused by brain damage, and deterioration of fine motor skills, respectably (P = 0.01), at 52 weeks. Furthermore, at 52 weeks of trial, the exploratory Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) significantly correlated with the SEADL scale deterioration in the female placebo group and demonstrated davunetide-mediated protection of females. Female-specific davunetide-mediated protection of ventricular volume corresponded to clinical efficacy. Together with the significantly slower disease progression seen in men, the results reveal sex-based drug efficacy differences, demonstrating the neuroprotective and disease-modifying impact of davunetide treatment for female PSP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Guy Shapira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexandra Lobyntseva
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Dubnov S, Yayon N, Yakov O, Bennett DA, Seshadri S, Mufson E, Tzur Y, Bennet ER, Greenberg D, Kuro-O M, Paldor I, Abraham CR, Soreq H. Knockout of the longevity gene Klotho perturbs aging- and Alzheimer's disease-linked brain microRNAs and tRNA fragments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.10.557032. [PMID: 37745362 PMCID: PMC10515819 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.10.557032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the longevity gene Klotho prolongs, while its knockout shortens lifespan and impairs cognition via altered fibroblast growth factor signaling that perturbs myelination and synapse formation; however, comprehensive analysis of Klotho's knockout consequences on mammalian brain transcriptomics is lacking. Here, we report the altered levels under Klotho knockout of 1059 long RNAs, 27 microRNAs (miRs) and 6 tRNA fragments (tRFs), reflecting effects upon aging and cognition. Perturbed transcripts included key neuronal and glial pathway regulators that are notably changed in murine models of aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and in corresponding human post-mortem brain tissue. To seek cell type distributions of the affected short RNAs, we isolated and FACS-sorted neurons and microglia from live human brain tissue, yielding detailed cell type-specific short RNA-seq datasets. Together, our findings revealed multiple Klotho deficiency-perturbed aging- and neurodegeneration-related long and short RNA transcripts in both neurons and glia from murine and human brain.
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