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Vicente-Acosta A, Herranz-Martín S, Pazos MR, Galán-Cruz J, Amores M, Loria F, Díaz-Nido J. Glial cell activation precedes neurodegeneration in the cerebellar cortex of the YG8-800 murine model of Friedreich ataxia. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106631. [PMID: 39111701 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder resulting from reduced levels of the protein frataxin due to an expanded GAA repeat in the FXN gene. This deficiency causes progressive degeneration of specific neuronal populations in the cerebellum and the consequent loss of movement coordination and equilibrium, which are some of the main symptoms observed in affected individuals. Like in other neurodegenerative diseases, previous studies suggest that glial cells could be involved in the neurodegenerative process and disease progression in patients with Friedreich ataxia. In this work, we followed and characterized the progression of changes in the cerebellar cortex in the latest version of Friedreich ataxia humanized mouse model, YG8-800 (Fxnnull:YG8s(GAA)>800), which carries a human FXN transgene containing >800 GAA repeats. Comparative analyses of behavioral, histopathological, and biochemical parameters were conducted between the control strain Y47R and YG8-800 mice at different time points. Our findings revealed that YG8-800 mice exhibit an ataxic phenotype characterized by poor motor coordination, decreased body weight, cerebellar atrophy, neuronal loss, and changes in synaptic proteins. Additionally, early activation of glial cells, predominantly astrocytes and microglia, was observed preceding neuronal degeneration, as was increased expression of key proinflammatory cytokines and downregulation of neurotrophic factors. Together, our results show that the YG8-800 mouse model exhibits a stronger phenotype than previous experimental murine models, reliably recapitulating some of the features observed in humans. Accordingly, this humanized model could represent a valuable tool for studying Friedreich ataxia molecular disease mechanisms and for preclinical evaluation of possible therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Vicente-Acosta
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Laboratorio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Budapest 1, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saúl Herranz-Martín
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Ruth Pazos
- Laboratorio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Budapest 1, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Galán-Cruz
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Amores
- Laboratorio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Budapest 1, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Frida Loria
- Laboratorio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Budapest 1, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Díaz-Nido
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Segovia de Arana, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Joaquín Rodrigo 1, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
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Ali NH, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alnaaim SA, Saad HM, Batiha GES. The Molecular Pathway of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR) in Parkinson's Disease: The Way of New Inroads. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2469-2480. [PMID: 37897634 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain. PD is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a functional receptor for different growth factors including pro-brain derived neurotrophic factor (pro-BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin 4 (NT-4). Consequently, this review aimed to illustrate the detrimental and beneficial role of p75NTR in PD. Diverse studies showed that p75NTR and its downstream signaling are intricate in the pathogenesis of PD. Nevertheless, pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways mediated by p75NTR in PD were not fully clarified. Of note, p75NTR plays a critical role in the regulation of dopaminergic neuronal survival and apoptosis in the CNS. Particularly, p75NTR can induce selective apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and progression of PD. In addition, p75NTR signaling inhibits the expression of transcription factors which are essential for the survival of dopaminergic neurons. Also, p75NTR expression is connected with the severity of dopaminergic neuronal injury. These verdicts implicate p75NTR signaling in the pathogenesis of PD, though the underlying mechanistic pathways remain not elucidated. Collectively, the p75NTR signaling pathway induces a double-sword effect either detrimental or beneficial depending on the ligands and status of PD neuropathology. Therefore, p75NTR signaling seems to be protective via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and Bcl-2 and harmful via activation of JNK, caspase 3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and RhoA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saud A Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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3
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The Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (NGFR/p75 NTR): A Major Player in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043200. [PMID: 36834612 PMCID: PMC9965628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent type of dementia in elderly people, primarily characterized by brain accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, derived from Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), in the extracellular space (amyloid plaques) and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the protein tau (p-tau; tangles or neurofibrillary aggregates). The Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR/p75NTR) represents a low-affinity receptor for all known mammalians neurotrophins (i.e., proNGF, NGF, BDNF, NT-3 e NT-4/5) and it is involved in pathways that determine both survival and death of neurons. Interestingly, also Aβ peptides can blind to NGFR/p75NTR making it the "ideal" candidate in mediating Aβ-induced neuropathology. In addition to pathogenesis and neuropathology, several data indicated that NGFR/p75NTR could play a key role in AD also from a genetic perspective. Other studies suggested that NGFR/p75NTR could represent a good diagnostic tool, as well as a promising therapeutic target for AD. Here, we comprehensively summarize and review the current experimental evidence on this topic.
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Demuth H, Hosseini S, Düsedeau HP, Dunay IR, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M. Deletion of p75 NTR rescues the synaptic but not the inflammatory status in the brain of a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1163087. [PMID: 37213691 PMCID: PMC10198655 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1163087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD), is characterized by a gradual cognitive decline associated with the accumulation of Amyloid beta (Aβ)-oligomers, progressive neuronal degeneration and chronic neuroinflammation. Among the receptors shown to bind and possibly transduce the toxic effects of Aβ-oligomers is the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). Interestingly, p75NTR mediates several crucial processes in the nervous system, including neuronal survival and apoptosis, maintenance of the neuronal architecture, and plasticity. Furthermore, p75NTR is also expressed in microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, where it is markedly increased under pathological conditions. These observations indicate p75NTR as a potential candidate for mediating Aβ-induced toxic effects at the interface between the nervous and the immune system, thereby potentially participating in the crosstalk between these two systems. Methods Here we used APP/PS1 transgenic mice (APP/PS1tg) and compared the Aβ-induced alterations in neuronal function, chronic inflammation as well as their cognitive consequences between 10 months old APP/PS1tg and APP/PS1tg x p75NTRexonIV knockout mice. Results Electrophysiological recordings show that a loss of p75NTR rescues the impairment in long-term potentiation at the Schaffer collaterals in the hippocampus of APP/PS1tg mice. Interestingly, however loss of p75NTR does not influence the severity of neuroinflammation, microglia activation or the decline in spatial learning and memory processes observed in APP/PS1tg mice. Conclusion Together these results indicate that while a deletion of p75NTR rescues the synaptic defect and the impairment in synaptic plasticity, it does not affect the progression of the neuroinflammation and the cognitive decline in a mouse model for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Demuth
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henning Peter Düsedeau
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von- Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von- Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marta Zagrebelsky,
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Vignet P, Coquet J, Auber S, Boudet M, Siegel A, Théret N. Discrete modeling for integration and analysis of large-scale signaling networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010175. [PMID: 35696426 PMCID: PMC9232147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most biological processes are orchestrated by large-scale molecular networks which are described in large-scale model repositories and whose dynamics are extremely complex. An observed phenotype is a state of this system that results from control mechanisms whose identification is key to its understanding. The Biological Pathway Exchange (BioPAX) format is widely used to standardize the biological information relative to regulatory processes. However, few modeling approaches developed so far enable for computing the events that control a phenotype in large-scale networks. Here we developed an integrated approach to build large-scale dynamic networks from BioPAX knowledge databases in order to analyse trajectories and to identify sets of biological entities that control a phenotype. The Cadbiom approach relies on the guarded transitions formalism, a discrete modeling approach which models a system dynamics by taking into account competition and cooperation events in chains of reactions. The method can be applied to every BioPAX (large-scale) model thanks to a specific package which automatically generates Cadbiom models from BioPAX files. The Cadbiom framework was applied to the BioPAX version of two resources (PID, KEGG) of the Pathway Commons database and to the Atlas of Cancer Signalling Network (ACSN). As a case-study, it was used to characterize sets of biological entities implicated in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our results highlight the similarities between the PID and ACSN resources in terms of biological content, and underline the heterogeneity of usage of the BioPAX semantics limiting the fusion of models that require curation. Causality analyses demonstrate the smart complementarity of the databases in terms of combinatorics of controllers that explain a phenotype. From a biological perspective, our results show the specificity of controllers for epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes that are consistent with the literature and identify a novel signature for intermediate states. The computation of sets of biological entities implicated in phenotypes is hampered by the complex nature of controllers acting in competitive or cooperative combinations. These biological mechanisms are underlied by chains of reactions involving interactions between biomolecules (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, complexes, etc.), all of which form complex networks. Hence, the identification of controllers relies on computational methods for dynamical systems, which require the biological information about the interactions to be translated into a formal language. The BioPAX standard is a reference ontology associated with a description language to describe biological mechanisms, which satisfies the Linked Open Data initiative recommendations for data interoperability. Although it has been widely adopted by the community to describe biological pathways, no computational method is able of studying the dynamics of the networks described in the BioPAX large-scale resources. To solve this issue, our Cadbiom framework was designed to automatically transcribe the biological systems knowledge of large-scale BioPAX networks into discrete models. The framework then identifies the trajectories that explain a biological phenotype (e.g., all the biomolecules that are activated to induce the expression of a gene). Here, we created Cadbiom models from three biological pathway databases (KEGG, PID and ACSN). The comparative analysis of these models highlighted the diversity of molecules in sets of biological entities that can explain a same phenotype. The application of our framework to the search of biomolecules regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition not only confirmed known pathways in the control of epithelial or mesenchymal cell markers but also highlighted new pathways for transient states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Vignet
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR S1085, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, UMR 6074, Rennes, France
| | - Jean Coquet
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, UMR 6074, Rennes, France
| | - Sébastien Auber
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR S1085, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, UMR 6074, Rennes, France
| | - Matéo Boudet
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRAE, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Anne Siegel
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, UMR 6074, Rennes, France
- * E-mail: (AS); (NT)
| | - Nathalie Théret
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR S1085, Rennes, France
- * E-mail: (AS); (NT)
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Eggert S, Kins S, Endres K, Brigadski T. Brothers in arms: proBDNF/BDNF and sAPPα/Aβ-signaling and their common interplay with ADAM10, TrkB, p75NTR, sortilin, and sorLA in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biol Chem 2022; 403:43-71. [PMID: 34619027 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important modulator for a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). A wealth of evidence, such as reduced mRNA and protein level in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients implicates a crucial role of BDNF in the progression of this disease. Especially, processing and subcellular localization of BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75 are critical determinants for survival and death in neuronal cells. Similarly, the amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer's disease, and its cleavage fragments sAPPα and Aβ are known for their respective roles in neuroprotection and neuronal death. Common features of APP- and BDNF-signaling indicate a causal relationship in their mode of action. However, the interconnections of APP- and BDNF-signaling are not well understood. Therefore, we here discuss dimerization properties, localization, processing by α- and γ-secretase, relevance of the common interaction partners TrkB, p75, sorLA, and sortilin as well as shared signaling pathways of BDNF and sAPPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
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Wu S, Wei Y, Li J, Bai Y, Yin P, Wang S. SIRT5 Represses Neurotrophic Pathways and Aβ Production in Alzheimer's Disease by Targeting Autophagy. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:4428-4437. [PMID: 34788008 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in elderly individuals and characterized by impaired cognition and accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ). Activating autophagy to clear Aβ is a plausible approach for AD treatment. The levels of Aβ and autophagy signaling factors in APP695/PS1-dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice were detected by immuno histological analysis, real-time PCR, and the western blotting assay. The progression of AD was determined by Aβ levels, activated neurons (MAP2+), and microglia (Iba-1+). The learning ability was measured using a Morris water maze. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were checked to determine oxidative stress. AD mice exhibited impaired autophagy and a decreased level of SIRT5. SIRT5 overexpression promoted autophagy, manifested by elevated Becn1 and ratio of LC3b-II/I, as well as suppressed oxidative stress. The SIRT5-ameliorated neuron damage was correlated with suppressed activation of microglia and astrocytes. Elevated SIRT5 expression decreased the inflammation in AD brains and neurons. Inhibition of autophagy abolished the protective role of SIRT5 in neurons during AD. Our findings suggested that SIRT5 overexpression could ameliorate the progression of AD both in vitro and in vivo through activating autophagy. We presented ectopic expression of SIRT5 as a promising therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yafen Wei
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
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Yi C, Goh KY, Wong L, Ramanujan A, Tanaka K, Sajikumar S, Ibáñez CF. Inactive variants of death receptor p75 NTR reduce Alzheimer's neuropathology by interfering with APP internalization. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104450. [PMID: 33258176 PMCID: PMC7809794 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A prevalent model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis postulates the generation of neurotoxic fragments derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) after its internalization to endocytic compartments. The molecular pathways that regulate APP internalization and intracellular trafficking in neurons are incompletely understood. Here, we report that 5xFAD mice, an animal model of AD, expressing signaling-deficient variants of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ) show greater neuroprotection from AD neuropathology than animals lacking this receptor. p75NTR knock-in mice lacking the death domain or transmembrane Cys259 showed lower levels of Aβ species, amyloid plaque burden, gliosis, mitochondrial stress, and neurite dystrophy than global knock-outs. Strikingly, long-term synaptic plasticity and memory, which are completely disrupted in 5xFAD mice, were fully recovered in the knock-in mice. Mechanistically, we found that p75NTR interacts with APP at the plasma membrane and regulates its internalization and intracellular trafficking in hippocampal neurons. Inactive p75NTR variants internalized considerably slower than wild-type p75NTR and showed increased association with the recycling pathway, thereby reducing APP internalization and co-localization with BACE1, the critical protease for generation of neurotoxic APP fragments, favoring non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage. These results reveal a novel pathway that directly and specifically regulates APP internalization, amyloidogenic processing, and disease progression, and suggest that inhibitors targeting the p75NTR transmembrane domain may be an effective therapeutic strategy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenju Yi
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Present address:
The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Ket Yin Goh
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Lik‐Wei Wong
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Carlos F. Ibáñez
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced StudyWallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
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Triaca V, Ruberti F, Canu N. NGF and the Amyloid Precursor Protein in Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Players to Neuronal Circuits. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1331:145-165. [PMID: 34453297 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74046-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common causes of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive impairment in cognitive function, early degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs), abnormal metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) depositions, and neurofibrillary tangles. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, dysfunction of acetylcholine-containing neurons in the basal forebrain contributes markedly to the cognitive decline observed in AD. In addition, the neurotrophic factor hypothesis posits that the loss nerve growth factor (NGF) signalling in AD may account for the vulnerability to atrophy of BFCNs and consequent impairment of cholinergic functions. Though acetylcholinesterase inhibitors provide only partial and symptomatic relief to AD patients, emerging data from in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients highlight the early involvement of BFCNs in MCI and the early phase of AD. These data support the cholinergic and neurotrophic hypotheses of AD and suggest new targets for AD therapy.Different mechanisms account for selective vulnerability of BFCNs to AD pathology, with regard to altered metabolism of APP and tau. In this review, we provide a general overview of the current knowledge of NGF and APP interplay, focusing on the role of APP in regulating NGF receptors trafficking/signalling and on the involvement of NGF in modulating phosphorylation of APP, which in turn controls APP intracellular trafficking and processing. Moreover, we highlight the consequences of APP interaction with p75NTR and TrkA receptor, which share the same binding site within the APP juxta-membrane domain. We underline the importance of insulin dysmetabolism in AD pathology, in the light of our recent data showing that overlapping intracellular signalling pathways stimulated by NGF or insulin can be compensatory. In particular, NGF-based signalling is able to ameliorates deficiencies in insulin signalling in the medial septum of 3×Tg-AD mice. Finally, we present an overview of NGF-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs). These small non-coding RNAs are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression , and we focus on a subset that are specifically deregulated in AD and thus potentially contribute to its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Francesca Ruberti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Nadia Canu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy. .,Department of System Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
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10
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Wang ZT, Zhang C, Wang YJ, Dong Q, Tan L, Yu JT. Selective neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101114. [PMID: 32569730 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by a deficiency in specific behavioural and/or cognitive domains, pointing to selective vulnerabilities of specific neurons from different brain regions. These vulnerabilities can be compared across neuron subgroups to identify the most vulnerable neuronal types, regions, and time points for further investigation. Thus, the relevant organizational frameworks for brain subgroups will hold great values for a clear understanding of the progression in AD. Presently, the neuronal vulnerability has yet urgently required to be elucidated as not yet been clearly defined. It is suggested that cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms can affect the neuronal vulnerability to stressors, and in turn modulates AD progression. This review examines cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms that contribute to the neuronal vulnerability. Collectively, the cell-autonomous mechanisms seem to be the primary drivers responsible for initiating specific stressor-related neuronal vulnerability with pathological changes in certain brain areas, which then utilize non-cell-autonomous mechanisms and result in subsequent progression of AD. In summary, this article has provided a new perspective on the preventative and therapeutic options for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Ghosh S, Durgvanshi S, Agarwal S, Raghunath M, Sinha JK. Current Status of Drug Targets and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:883-903. [PMID: 32348223 PMCID: PMC7569315 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200429011823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting the elderly. AD is associated with a progressive decline in memory and cognitive abilities, drastic changes in behavioural patterns and other psychiatric manifestations. It leads to a significant decline in the quality of life at personal, household as well as national level. Although AD was described about hundred years back and multiple theories have been proposed, its exact pathophysiology is unknown. There is no cure for AD and the life expectancy of AD patients remains low at 3-9 years. An accurate understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) involved in the pathogenesis of AD is imperative to devise a successful treatment strategy. This review explains and summarises the current understanding of different therapeutic strategies based on various molecular pathways known to date. Different strategies based on anti-amyloid pathology, glutamatergic pathway, anti-tau, neuroprotection through neurotrophic factors and cholinergic neurotransmission have been discussed. Further, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, nutraceuticals, and dietary interventions has also been explained in the management of AD. It further describes different pharmacological and dietary interventions being used in treating and/or managing AD. Additionally, this article provides a thorough review of the literature for improving the therapeutic paradigm of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jitendra Kumar Sinha
- Address correspondence to this author at the Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences (AINN), Amity University UP, Sector-125, Noida 201303, India; Tel: +91-120-4392971, +91-8919679822; Emails: ,
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12
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Validation of a priori candidate Alzheimer's disease SNPs with brain amyloid-beta deposition. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17069. [PMID: 31745181 PMCID: PMC6863876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of brain amyloid β (Aβ) is one of the main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of brain amyloid deposition in the development of AD and the genetic variants associated with this process remain unclear. In this study, we sought to identify associations between Aβ deposition and an a priori evidence based set of 1610 genetic markers, genotyped from 505 unrelated individuals (258 Aβ+ and 247 Aβ−) enrolled in the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle (AIBL) study. We found statistically significant associations for 6 markers located within intronic regions of 6 genes, including AC103796.1-BDNF, PPP3R1, NGFR, KL, ABCA7 & CALHM1. Although functional studies are required to elucidate the role of these genes in the accumulation of Aβ and their potential implication in AD pathophysiology, our findings are consistent with results obtained in previous GWAS efforts.
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13
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Fu H, Hardy J, Duff KE. Selective vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:1350-1358. [PMID: 30250262 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have two general characteristics that are so fundamental we usually take them for granted. The first is that the pathology associated with the disease only affects particular neurons ('selective neuronal vulnerability'); the second is that the pathology worsens with time and impacts more regions in a stereotypical and predictable fashion. The mechanisms underpinning selective neuronal and regional vulnerability have been difficult to dissect, but the recent application of whole-genome technologies, the development of mouse models that reproduce spatial and temporal features of the pathology, and the identification of intrinsic morphological, electrophysiological, and biochemical properties of vulnerable neurons are beginning to shed some light on these fundamental features of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we detail our emerging understanding of the underlying biology of selective neuronal vulnerability and outline some of the areas in which our understanding is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Fu
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Karen E Duff
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Medoro A, Bartollino S, Mignogna D, Passarella D, Porcile C, Pagano A, Florio T, Nizzari M, Guerra G, Di Marco R, Intrieri M, Raimo G, Russo C. Complexity and Selectivity of γ-Secretase Cleavage on Multiple Substrates: Consequences in Alzheimer's Disease and Cancer. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:1-15. [PMID: 29103038 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The processing of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by β- and γ-secretases is a pivotal event in the genesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Besides familial mutations on the AβPP gene, or upon its overexpression, familial forms of AD are often caused by mutations or deletions in presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and 2 (PSEN2) genes: the catalytic components of the proteolytic enzyme γ-secretase (GS). The "amyloid hypothesis", modified over time, states that the aberrant processing of AβPP by GS induces the formation of specific neurotoxic soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides which, in turn, cause neurodegeneration. This theory, however, has recently evidenced significant limitations and, in particular, the following issues are debated: 1) the concept and significance of presenilin's "gain of function" versus "loss of function"; and 2) the presence of several and various GS substrates, which interact with AβPP and may influence Aβ formation. The latter consideration is suggestive: despite the increasing number of GS substrates so far identified, their reciprocal interaction with AβPP itself, even in the AD field, is significantly unexplored. On the other hand, GS is also an important pharmacological target in the cancer field; inhibitors or GS activity are investigated in clinical trials for treating different tumors. Furthermore, the function of AβPP and PSENs in brain development and in neuronal migration is well known. In this review, we focused on a specific subset of GS substrates that directly interact with AβPP and are involved in its proteolysis and signaling, by evaluating their role in neurodegeneration and in cell motility or proliferation, as a possible connection between AD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvia Bartollino
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Donatella Mignogna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Daniela Passarella
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carola Porcile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Aldo Pagano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS per l'Oncologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Nizzari
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gennaro Raimo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio Russo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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15
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Becker K, Cana A, Baumgärtner W, Spitzbarth I. p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Double-Edged Sword in Pathology and Regeneration of the Central Nervous System. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:786-801. [PMID: 29940812 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818781930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75NTR is a major neurotrophin receptor involved in manifold and pleiotropic functions in the developing and adult central nervous system (CNS). Although known for decades, its entire functions are far from being fully elucidated. Depending on the complex interactions with other receptors and on the cellular context, p75NTR is capable of performing contradictory tasks such as mediating cell death as well as cell survival. In parallel, as a prototype marker for certain differentiation stages of Schwann cells and related CNS aldynoglial cells, p75NTR has recently gained increasing notice as a marker for cells with proposed regenerative potential in CNS diseases, such as demyelinating disease and traumatic CNS injury. Besides its pivotal role as a marker for transplantation candidate cells, recent studies in canine neuroinflammatory CNS conditions also highlight a spontaneous endogenous occurrence of p75NTR-positive glia, which potentially play a role in Schwann cell-mediated CNS remyelination. The aim of the present communication is to review the pleiotropic functions of p75NTR in the CNS with a special emphasis on its role as an immunohistochemical marker in neuropathology. Following a brief illustration of the expression of p75NTR in neurogenesis and in developed neuronal populations, the implications of p75NTR expression in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia are addressed. A special focus is put on the role of p75NTR as a cell marker for specific differentiation stages of Schwann cells and a regeneration-promoting CNS population, collectively referred to as aldynoglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Becker
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Armend Cana
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,2 Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,2 Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Spitzbarth
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,2 Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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16
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Mañucat-Tan NB, Saadipour K, Wang YJ, Bobrovskaya L, Zhou XF. Cellular Trafficking of Amyloid Precursor Protein in Amyloidogenesis Physiological and Pathological Significance. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:812-830. [PMID: 29797184 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of excess intracellular or extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) is one of the key pathological events in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is generated from the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta secretase-1 (BACE1) and gamma secretase (γ-secretase) within the cells. The endocytic trafficking of APP facilitates amyloidogenesis while at the cell surface, APP is predominantly processed in a non-amyloidogenic manner. Several adaptor proteins bind to both APP and BACE1, regulating their trafficking and recycling along the secretory and endocytic pathways. The phosphorylation of APP at Thr668 and BACE1 at Ser498, also influence their trafficking. Neurotrophins and proneurotrophins also influence APP trafficking through their receptors. In this review, we describe the molecular trafficking pathways of APP and BACE1 that lead to Aβ generation, the involvement of different signaling molecules or adaptor proteins regulating APP and BACE1 subcellular localization. We have also discussed how neurotrophins could modulate amyloidogenesis through their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noralyn Basco Mañucat-Tan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
| | - Khalil Saadipour
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology and Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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17
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Alldred MJ, Chao HM, Lee SH, Beilin J, Powers BE, Petkova E, Strupp BJ, Ginsberg SD. CA1 pyramidal neuron gene expression mosaics in the Ts65Dn murine model of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease following maternal choline supplementation. Hippocampus 2018; 28:251-268. [PMID: 29394516 PMCID: PMC5874173 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although there are changes in gene expression and alterations in neuronal density and afferent inputs in the forebrain of trisomic mouse models of Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a lack of systematic assessments of gene expression and encoded proteins within individual vulnerable cell populations, precluding translational investigations at the molecular and cellular level. Further, no effective treatment exists to combat intellectual disability and basal forebrain cholinergic neurodegeneration seen in DS. To further our understanding of gene expression changes before and following cholinergic degeneration in a well-established mouse model of DS/AD, the Ts65Dn mouse, we assessed RNA expression levels from CA1 pyramidal neurons at two adult ages (∼6 months of age and ∼11 months of age) in both Ts65Dn and their normal disomic (2N) littermates. We further examined a therapeutic intervention, maternal choline supplementation (MCS), which has been previously shown to lessen dysfunction in spatial cognition and attention, and have protective effects on the survival of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in the Ts65Dn mouse model. Results indicate that MCS normalized expression of several genes in key gene ontology categories, including synaptic plasticity, calcium signaling, and AD-associated neurodegeneration related to amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) clearance. Specifically, normalized expression levels were found for endothelin converting enzyme-2 (Ece2), insulin degrading enzyme (Ide), Dyrk1a, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (Camk2a), among other relevant genes. Single population expression profiling of vulnerable CA1 pyramidal neurons indicates that MCS is a viable therapeutic for long-term reprogramming of key transcripts involved in neuronal signaling that are dysregulated in the trisomic mouse brain which have translational potential for DS and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J. Alldred
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Helen M. Chao
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Child Psychiatry, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Judah Beilin
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
| | | | - Eva Petkova
- Child Psychiatry, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Barbara J. Strupp
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Stephen D. Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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18
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Cheng B, Li Y, Ma L, Wang Z, Petersen RB, Zheng L, Chen Y, Huang K. Interaction between amyloidogenic proteins and biomembranes in protein misfolding diseases: Mechanisms, contributors, and therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1876-1888. [PMID: 29466701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The toxic deposition of misfolded amyloidogenic proteins is associated with more than fifty protein misfolding diseases (PMDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Protein deposition is a multi-step process modulated by a variety of factors, in particular by membrane-protein interaction. The interaction results in permeabilization of biomembranes contributing to the cytotoxicity that leads to PMDs. Different biological and physiochemical factors, such as protein sequence, lipid composition, and chaperones, are known to affect the membrane-protein interaction. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and contributing factors of the interaction between biomembranes and amyloidogenic proteins, and a summary of the therapeutic approaches to PMDs that target this interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Aggregation and Misfolding at the Cell Membrane Interface edited by Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430023, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yang Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuoyi Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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19
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Saadipour K, Mañucat-Tan NB, Lim Y, Keating DJ, Smith KS, Zhong JH, Liao H, Bobrovskaya L, Wang YJ, Chao MV, Zhou XF. p75 neurotrophin receptor interacts with and promotes BACE1 localization in endosomes aggravating amyloidogenesis. J Neurochem 2018; 144:302-317. [PMID: 28869759 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) and dysregulation of neurotrophic signaling, causing synaptic dysfunction, loss of memory, and cell death. The expression of p75 neurotrophin receptor is elevated in the brain of AD patients, suggesting its involvement in this disease. However, the exact mechanism of its action is not yet clear. Here, we show that p75 interacts with beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1), and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of Aβ. Our results suggest that the colocalization of BACE1 and amyloid precursor protein (APP) is increased in the presence of both Aβ and p75 in cortical neurons. In addition, the localization of APP and BACE1 in early endosomes is increased in the presence of Aβ and p75. An increased phosphorylation of APP-Thr668 and BACE1-Ser498 by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the presence of Aβ and p75 could be responsible for this localization. In conclusion, our study proposes a potential involvement in amyloidogenesis for p75, which may represent a future therapeutic target for AD. Cover Image for this Issue: doi. 10.1111/jnc.14163.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Saadipour
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
- Department of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noralyn B Mañucat-Tan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Yoon Lim
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Damien J Keating
- Department of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Kevin S Smith
- Department of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Jin-Hua Zhong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Hong Liao
- New Drug Screening Centre, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Moses V Chao
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
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20
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Gulisano W, Maugeri D, Baltrons MA, Fà M, Amato A, Palmeri A, D’Adamio L, Grassi C, Devanand D, Honig LS, Puzzo D, Arancio O. Role of Amyloid-β and Tau Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease: Confuting the Amyloid Cascade. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64:S611-S631. [PMID: 29865055 PMCID: PMC8371153 DOI: 10.3233/jad-179935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The "Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis" has dominated the Alzheimer's disease (AD) field in the last 25 years. It posits that the increase of amyloid-β (Aβ) is the key event in AD that triggers tau pathology followed by neuronal death and eventually, the disease. However, therapeutic approaches aimed at decreasing Aβ levels have so far failed, and tau-based clinical trials have not yet produced positive findings. This begs the question of whether the hypothesis is correct. Here we have examined literature on the role of Aβ and tau in synaptic dysfunction, memory loss, and seeding and spreading of AD, highlighting important parallelisms between the two proteins in all of these phenomena. We discuss novel findings showing binding of both Aβ and tau oligomers to amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), and the requirement for the presence of this protein for both Aβ and tau to enter neurons and induce abnormal synaptic function and memory. Most importantly, we propose a novel view of AD pathogenesis in which extracellular oligomers of Aβ and tau act in parallel and upstream of AβPP. Such a view will call for a reconsideration of therapeutic approaches directed against Aβ and tau, paving the way to an increased interest toward AβPP, both for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and elaborating new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marian A. Baltrons
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mauro Fà
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arianna Amato
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Palmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luciano D’Adamio
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D.P. Devanand
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S. Honig
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ottavio Arancio
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Canu N, Amadoro G, Triaca V, Latina V, Sposato V, Corsetti V, Severini C, Ciotti MT, Calissano P. The Intersection of NGF/TrkA Signaling and Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing in Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology. Int J Mol Sci 2017. [PMID: 28632177 PMCID: PMC5486140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) receptor has been suggested to contribute to the selective degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN) associated with the progressive cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this review is to describe our progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between NGF/TrkA signaling and amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism within the context of AD neuropathology. This is mainly based on the finding that TrkA receptor binding to APP depends on a minimal stretch of ~20 amino acids located in the juxtamembrane/extracellular domain of APP that carries the α- and β-secretase cleavage sites. Here, we provide evidence that: (i) NGF could be one of the “routing” proteins responsible for modulating the metabolism of APP from amyloidogenic towards non-amyloidogenic processing via binding to the TrkA receptor; (ii) the loss of NGF/TrkA signaling could be linked to sporadic AD contributing to the classical hallmarks of the neuropathology, such as synaptic loss, β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposition and tau abnormalities. These findings will hopefully help to design therapeutic strategies for AD treatment aimed at preserving cholinergic function and anti-amyloidogenic activity of the physiological NGF/TrkA pathway in the septo-hippocampal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Canu
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00137 Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Amadoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR) Rome, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Latina
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR) Rome, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Sposato
- European Brain Research Institute Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Veronica Corsetti
- European Brain Research Institute Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Severini
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Ciotti
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Pietro Calissano
- European Brain Research Institute Rome, Via del Fosso del Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
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22
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Canu N, Pagano I, La Rosa LR, Pellegrino M, Ciotti MT, Mercanti D, Moretti F, Sposato V, Triaca V, Petrella C, Maruyama IN, Levi A, Calissano P. Association of TrkA and APP Is Promoted by NGF and Reduced by Cell Death-Promoting Agents. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:15. [PMID: 28197073 PMCID: PMC5281621 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) interacts with the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) in normal rat, mouse, and human brain tissue but not in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain tissue. However, it has not been reported whether the two proteins interact directly, and if so, which domains are involved. Clarifying these points will increase our understanding of the role and regulation of the TrkA/APP interaction in normal brain functioning as well as in AD. Here we addressed these questions using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and the proximity ligation assay (PLA). We demonstrated that exogenously expressed APP and TrkA associate through their juxtamembrane/transmembrane domains, to form a complex that localizes mainly to the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. Formation of the complex was inhibited by p75NTR, ShcC and Mint-2. Importantly, we demonstrated that the association between endogenous APP and TrkA in primary septal neurons were modified by NGF, or by drugs that either inhibit ER-to-Golgi transport or perturb microtubules and microfilaments. Interestingly, several agents that induce cell death [amyloid β (Aβ)-peptide, staurosporine and rapamycin], albeit via different mechanisms, all caused dissociation of APP/TrkA complexes and increased production of C-terminal fragment (β-CTF) APP fragment. These findings open new perspectives for investigating the interplay between these proteins during neurodegeneration and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Canu
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"Rome, Italy; Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pagano
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Rosario La Rosa
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Marsha Pellegrino
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Ciotti
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Delio Mercanti
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Moretti
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sposato
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of RomeRome, Italy; European Brain Research InstituteRome, Italy
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of RomeRome, Italy; European Brain Research InstituteRome, Italy
| | - Carla Petrella
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Ichiro N Maruyama
- Information Processing Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa, Japan
| | - Andrea Levi
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Calissano
- European Brain Research InstituteRome, Italy; Institute of Cellular Biology and Neurobiology, National Council of Research of RomeRome, Italy
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23
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Fruhmann G, Seynnaeve D, Zheng J, Ven K, Molenberghs S, Wilms T, Liu B, Winderickx J, Franssens V. Yeast buddies helping to unravel the complexity of neurodegenerative disorders. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:288-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Gupta V, Gupta VB, Chitranshi N, Gangoda S, Vander Wall R, Abbasi M, Golzan M, Dheer Y, Shah T, Avolio A, Chung R, Martins R, Graham S. One protein, multiple pathologies: multifaceted involvement of amyloid β in neurodegenerative disorders of the brain and retina. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4279-4297. [PMID: 27333888 PMCID: PMC11108534 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and its aggregates in the ageing central nervous system is regarded synonymous to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Despite unquestionable advances in mechanistic and diagnostic aspects of the disease understanding, the primary cause of Aβ accumulation as well as its in vivo roles remains elusive; nonetheless, the majority of the efforts to address pathological mechanisms for therapeutic development are focused towards moderating Aβ accumulation in the brain. More recently, Aβ deposition has been identified in the eye and is linked with distinct age-related diseases including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma as well as AD. Awareness of the Aβ accumulation in these markedly different degenerative disorders has led to an increasing body of work exploring overlapping mechanisms, a prospective biomarker role for Aβ and the potential to use retina as a model for brain related neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we present an integrated view of current understanding of the retinal Aβ deposition discussing the accumulation mechanisms, anticipated impacts and outlining ameliorative approaches that can be extrapolated to the retina for potential therapeutic benefits. Further longitudinal investigations in humans and animal models will determine retinal Aβ association as a potential pathognomonic, diagnostic or prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Veer B Gupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sumudu Gangoda
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mojdeh Abbasi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Golzan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yogita Dheer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tejal Shah
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Alberto Avolio
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ralph Martins
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Stuart Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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25
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Josephy-Hernandez S, Jmaeff S, Pirvulescu I, Aboulkassim T, Saragovi HU. Neurotrophin receptor agonists and antagonists as therapeutic agents: An evolving paradigm. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 97:139-155. [PMID: 27546056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are prevalent, complex and devastating conditions, with very limited treatment options currently available. While they manifest in many forms, there are commonalities that link them together. In this review, we will focus on neurotrophins - a family of related factors involved in neuronal development and maintenance. Neurodegenerative diseases often present with a neurotrophin imbalance, in which there may be decreases in trophic signaling through Trk receptors for example, and/or increases in pro-apoptotic activity through p75. Clinical trials with neurotrophins have continuously failed due to their poor pharmacological properties as well as the unavoidable activation of p75. Thus, there is a need for drugs without such setbacks. Small molecule neurotrophin mimetics are favorable options since they can selectively activate Trks or inactivate p75. In this review, we will initially present a brief outline of how these molecules are synthesized and their mechanisms of action; followed by an update in the current state of neurotrophins and small molecules in major neurodegenerative diseases. Although there has been significant progress in the development of potential therapeutics, more studies are needed to establish clear mechanisms of action and target specificity in order to transition from animal models to the assessment of safety and use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Josephy-Hernandez
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sean Jmaeff
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iulia Pirvulescu
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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26
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Habib A, Sawmiller D, Tan J. Restoring Soluble Amyloid Precursor Protein α Functions as a Potential Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:973-991. [PMID: 27531392 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα), a secreted proteolytic fragment of nonamyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, is known for numerous neuroprotective functions. These functions include but are not limited to proliferation, neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, neurogenesis, and neuritogenesis in cell culture and animal models. In addition, sAPPα influences amyloid-β (Aβ) production by direct modulation of APP β-secretase proteolysis as well as Aβ-related or unrelated tau pathology, hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the restoration of sAPPα levels and functions in the brain by increasing nonamyloidogenic APP processing and/or manipulation of its signaling could reduce AD pathology and cognitive impairment. It is likely that identification and characterization of sAPPα receptors in the brain, downstream effectors, and signaling pathways will pave the way for an attractive therapeutic target for AD prevention or intervention. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Habib
- Rashid Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Silver Child Development Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Darrell Sawmiller
- Rashid Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Silver Child Development Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jun Tan
- Rashid Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Silver Child Development Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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27
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Volpina OM, Koroev DO, Volkova TD, Kamynina AV, Filatova MP, Zaporozhskaya YV, Samokhin AN, Aleksandrova IY, Bobkova NV. A fragment of the receptor for advanced glycation end products restores the spatial memory of animals in a model of Alzheimer’s disease. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015; 41:709-16. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162015060187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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28
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Nguyen TVV, Shen L, Vander Griend L, Quach LN, Belichenko NP, Saw N, Yang T, Shamloo M, Wyss-Coray T, Massa SM, Longo FM. Small molecule p75NTR ligands reduce pathological phosphorylation and misfolding of tau, inflammatory changes, cholinergic degeneration, and cognitive deficits in AβPP(L/S) transgenic mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 42:459-83. [PMID: 24898660 DOI: 10.3233/jad-140036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is involved in degenerative mechanisms related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, p75NTR levels are increased in AD and the receptor is expressed by neurons that are particularly vulnerable in the disease. Therefore, modulating p75NTR function may be a significant disease-modifying treatment approach. Prior studies indicated that the non-peptide, small molecule p75NTR ligands LM11A-31, and chemically unrelated LM11A-24, could block amyloid-β-induced deleterious signaling and neurodegeneration in vitro, and LM11A-31 was found to mitigate neuritic degeneration and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of AD. In this study, we determined whether these in vivo findings represent class effects of p75NTR ligands by examining LM11A-24 effects. In addition, the range of compound effects was further examined by evaluating tau pathology and neuroinflammation. Following oral administration, both ligands reached brain concentrations known to provide neuroprotection in vitro. Compound induction of p75NTR cleavage provided evidence for CNS target engagement. LM11A-31 and LM11A-24 reduced excessive phosphorylation of tau, and LM11A-31 also inhibited its aberrant folding. Both ligands decreased activation of microglia, while LM11A-31 attenuated reactive astrocytes. Along with decreased inflammatory responses, both ligands reduced cholinergic neurite degeneration. In addition to the amelioration of neuropathology in AD model mice, LM11A-31, but not LM11A-24, prevented impairments in water maze performance, while both ligands prevented deficits in fear conditioning. These findings support a role for p75NTR ligands in preventing fundamental tau-related pathologic mechanisms in AD, and further validate the development of these small molecules as a new class of therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Vi V Nguyen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lilith Vander Griend
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lisa N Quach
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nadia P Belichenko
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nay Saw
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Massa
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frank M Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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29
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Perez SE, He B, Nadeem M, Wuu J, Scheff SW, Abrahamson EE, Ikonomovic MD, Mufson EJ. Resilience of precuneus neurotrophic signaling pathways despite amyloid pathology in prodromal Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 77:693-703. [PMID: 24529280 PMCID: PMC4096429 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction of precuneus choline acetyltransferase activity co-occurs with greater beta-amyloid (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether this cholinergic deficit is associated with alteration in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling and its relation to Aβ plaque and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology during disease onset is unknown. METHODS Precuneus NGF upstream and downstream signaling levels relative to Aβ and NFT pathology were evaluated using biochemistry and histochemistry in 62 subjects with a premortem diagnosis of non-cognitively impaired (NCI; n = 23), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 21), and mild to moderate AD (n = 18). RESULTS Immunoblots revealed increased levels of proNGF in AD subjects but not MCI subjects, whereas cognate receptors were unchanged. There were no significant differences in protein level for the downstream survival kinase-signaling proteins Erk and phospho-Erk among groups. Apoptotic phospho-JNK, phospho-JNK/JNK ratio, and Bcl-2 were significantly elevated in AD subjects. Soluble Aβ1-42 and fibrillar Aβ measured by [(3)H] Pittsburgh compound-B ([(3)H]PiB) binding were significantly higher in AD subjects compared with MCI and NCI subjects. The density of plaques showed a trend to increase, but only 6-CN-PiB-positive plaques reached significance in AD subjects. AT8-positive, TOC-1-positive, and Tau C3-positive NFT densities were unchanged, whereas only AT8-positive neuropil thread density was statistically higher in AD subjects. A negative correlation was found between proNGF, phospho-JNK, and Bcl-2 levels and phospho-JNK/JNK ratio and cognition, whereas proNGF correlated positively with 6-CN-PiB-positive plaques during disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Data indicate that precuneus neurotrophin pathways are resilient to amyloid toxicity during the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia E. Perez
- Dept. Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Bin He
- Dept. Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Dept. Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Joanne Wuu
- Dept. Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Stephen W. Scheff
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Eric E. Abrahamson
- Depts. Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh and Geriatric Research Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Milos D. Ikonomovic
- Depts. Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh and Geriatric Research Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Dept. Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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30
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Murphy M, Wilson YM, Vargas E, Munro KM, Smith B, Huang A, Li QX, Xiao J, Masters CL, Reid CA, Barrett GL. Reduction of p75 neurotrophin receptor ameliorates the cognitive deficits in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:740-52. [PMID: 25443284 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an extremely prevalent cause of dementia. It is characterized by progressive memory loss, confusion, and other behavioral and physiological problems. The amyloid-β (Aβ) protein is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, and there is evidence that Aβ may act through the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75) to mediate its pathogenic effects. This raises the possibility that reducing levels of p75 could be a treatment for AD by preventing the effects of Aβ. In this study, we have crossed the transgenic AD model mice, Tg2576, with p75(-/-) mice to generate Tg2576/p75(+/-) mice with reduced levels of p75. These mice are rescued from the deficits in learning and memory and hippocampal function which were found in the Tg2576 mice. These findings suggest that reduction of p75 can ameliorate some of the primary symptoms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Murphy
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yvette M Wilson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ernesto Vargas
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn M Munro
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Smith
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Huang
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher A Reid
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham L Barrett
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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31
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Zhang Q, Descamps O, Hart MJ, Poksay KS, Spilman P, Kane DJ, Gorostiza O, John V, Bredesen DE. Paradoxical effect of TrkA inhibition in Alzheimer's disease models. J Alzheimers Dis 2014; 40:605-617. [PMID: 24531152 DOI: 10.3233/jad-130017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An unbiased screen for compounds that block amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) caspase cleavage identified ADDN-1351, which reduced AβPP-C31 by 90%. Target identification studies showed that ADDN-1351 is a TrkA inhibitor, and, in complementary studies, TrkA overexpression increased AβPP-C31 and cell death. TrkA was shown to interact with AβPP and suppress AβPP-mediated transcriptional activation. Moreover, treatment of PDAPP transgenic mice with the known TrkA inhibitor GW441756 increased sAβPPα and the sAβPPα to Aβ ratio. These results suggest TrkA inhibition-rather than NGF activation-as a novel therapeutic approach, and raise the possibility that such an approach may counteract the hyperactive signaling resulting from the accumulation of active NGF-TrkA complexes due to reduced retrograde transport. The results also suggest that one component of an optimal therapy for Alzheimer's disease may be a TrkA inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Darci J Kane
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Varghese John
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Dale E Bredesen
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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32
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Hasebe N, Fujita Y, Ueno M, Yoshimura K, Fujino Y, Yamashita T. Soluble β-amyloid Precursor Protein Alpha binds to p75 neurotrophin receptor to promote neurite outgrowth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82321. [PMID: 24358169 PMCID: PMC3864954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cleavage of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) generates multiple proteins: Soluble β-amyloid Precursor Protein Alpha (sAPPα), sAPPβ, and amyloid β (Aβ). Previous studies have shown that sAPPα and sAPPβ possess neurotrophic properties, whereas Aβ is neurotoxic. However, the underlying mechanism of the opposing effects of APP fragments remains poorly understood. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism of sAPPα-mediated neurotrophic effects. sAPPα and sAPPβ interact with p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), and sAPPα promotes neurite outgrowth. Methods and Findings First, we investigated whether APP fragments interact with p75NTR, because full-length APP and Aβ have been shown to interact with p75NTR in vitro. Both sAPPα and sAPPβ were co-immunoprecipitated with p75NTR and co-localized with p75NTR on COS-7 cells. The binding affinity of sAPPα and sAPPβ for p75NTR was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Next, we investigated the effect of sAPPα on neurite outgrowth in mouse cortical neurons. Neurite outgrowth was promoted by sAPPα, but sAPPα was uneffective in a knockdown of p75NTR. Conclusion We conclude that p75NTR is the receptor for sAPPα to mediate neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Hasebe
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Fujino
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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APP regulates NGF receptor trafficking and NGF-mediated neuronal differentiation and survival. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80571. [PMID: 24224055 PMCID: PMC3815101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but its physiological function is largely undetermined. APP has been found to regulate retrograde transport of nerve growth factor (NGF), which plays a crucial role in mediating neuronal survival and differentiation. Herein, we reveal the mechanism underlying APP-mediated NGF trafficking, by demonstrating a direct interaction between APP and the two NGF receptors, TrkA and p75NTR. Downregulation of APP leads to reduced cell surface levels of TrkA/p75NTR and increased endocytosis of TrkA/p75NTR and NGF. In addition, APP-deficient cells manifest defects in neurite outgrowth and are more susceptible to Aβ-induced neuronal death at physiological levels of NGF. However, APP-deficient cells show better responses to NGF-stimulated differentiation and survival than control cells. This may be attributed to increased receptor endocytosis and enhanced activation of Akt and MAPK upon NGF stimulation in APP-deficient cells. Together, our results suggest that APP mediates endocytosis of NGF receptors through direct interaction, thereby regulating endocytosis of NGF and NGF-induced downstream signaling pathways for neuronal survival and differentiation.
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Siddiqui S, Cong WN, Daimon CM, Martin B, Maudsley S. BRET Biosensor Analysis of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Functionality. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:46. [PMID: 23577003 PMCID: PMC3620488 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is an improved version of earlier resonance energy transfer technologies used for the analysis of biomolecular protein interaction. BRET analysis can be applied to many transmembrane receptor classes, however the majority of the early published literature on BRET has focused on G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) research. In contrast, there is limited scientific literature using BRET to investigate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity. This limited investigation is surprising as RTKs often employ dimerization as a key factor in their activation, as well as being important therapeutic targets in medicine, especially in the cases of cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative, and respiratory conditions. In this review, we consider an array of studies pertinent to RTKs and other non-GPCR receptor protein-protein signaling interactions; more specifically we discuss receptor-protein interactions involved in the transmission of signaling communication. We have provided an overview of functional BRET studies associated with the RTK superfamily involving: neurotrophic receptors [e.g., tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR)]; insulinotropic receptors [e.g., insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR)] and growth factor receptors [e.g., ErbB receptors including the EGFR, the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)]. In addition, we review BRET-mediated studies of other tyrosine kinase-associated receptors including cytokine receptors, i.e., leptin receptor (OB-R) and the growth hormone receptor (GHR). It is clear even from the relatively sparse experimental RTK BRET evidence that there is tremendous potential for this technological application for the functional investigation of RTK biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Siddiqui
- Receptor Pharmacology Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Na Cong
- Metabolism Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin M. Daimon
- Metabolism Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bronwen Martin
- Metabolism Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Pharmacology Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBaltimore, MD, USA
- *Correspondence: Stuart Maudsley, Receptor Pharmacology Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. e-mail:
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35
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Sykes AM, Palstra N, Abankwa D, Hill JM, Skeldal S, Matusica D, Venkatraman P, Hancock JF, Coulson EJ. The effects of transmembrane sequence and dimerization on cleavage of the p75 neurotrophin receptor by γ-secretase. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:43810-24. [PMID: 23105112 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.382903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleavage of transmembrane receptors by γ-secretase is the final step in the process of regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) and has a significant impact on receptor function. Although relatively little is known about the molecular mechanism of γ-secretase enzymatic activity, it is becoming clear that substrate dimerization and/or the α-helical structure of the substrate can regulate the site and rate of γ-secretase activity. Here we show that the transmembrane domain of the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR), best known for regulating neuronal death, is sufficient for its homodimerization. Although the p75(NTR) ligands NGF and pro-NGF do not induce homerdimerization or RIP, homodimers of p75(NTR) are γ-secretase substrates. However, dimerization is not a requirement for p75(NTR) cleavage, suggesting that γ-secretase has the ability to recognize and cleave each receptor molecule independently. The transmembrane cysteine 257, which mediates covalent p75(NTR) interactions, is not crucial for homodimerization, but this residue is required for normal rates of γ-secretase cleavage. Similarly, mutation of the residues alanine 262 and glycine 266 of an AXXXG dimerization motif flanking the γ-secretase cleavage site within the p75(NTR) transmembrane domain alters the orientation of the domain and inhibits γ-secretase cleavage of p75(NTR). Nonetheless, heteromer interactions of p75(NTR) with TrkA increase full-length p75(NTR) homodimerization, which in turn potentiates the rate of γ-cleavage following TrkA activation independently of rates of α-cleavage. These results provide support for the idea that the helical structure of the p75(NTR) transmembrane domain, which may be affected by co-receptor interactions, is a key element in γ-secretase-catalyzed cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Sykes
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Libeu CAP, Descamps O, Zhang Q, John V, Bredesen DE. Altering APP proteolysis: increasing sAPPalpha production by targeting dimerization of the APP ectodomain. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40027. [PMID: 22768208 PMCID: PMC3386930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the events associated with Alzheimer's disease is the dysregulation of α- versus β-cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). The product of α-cleavage (sAPPα) has neuroprotective properties, while Aβ1-42 peptide, a product of β-cleavage, is neurotoxic. Dimerization of APP has been shown to influence the relative rate of α- and β- cleavage of APP. Thus finding compounds that interfere with dimerization of the APP ectodomain and increase the α-cleavage of APP could lead to the development of new therapies for Alzheimer's disease. Examining the intrinsic fluorescence of a fragment of the ectodomain of APP, which dimerizes through the E2 and Aβ-cognate domains, revealed significant changes in the fluorescence of the fragment upon binding of Aβ oligomers--which bind to dimers of the ectodomain--and Aβ fragments--which destabilize dimers of the ectodomain. This technique was extended to show that RERMS-containing peptides (APP(695) 328-332), disulfiram, and sulfiram also inhibit dimerization of the ectodomain fragment. This activity was confirmed with small angle x-ray scattering. Analysis of the activity of disulfiram and sulfiram in an AlphaLISA assay indicated that both compounds significantly enhance the production of sAPPα by 7W-CHO and B103 neuroblastoma cells. These observations demonstrate that there is a class of compounds that modulates the conformation of the APP ectodomain and influences the ratio of α- to β-cleavage of APP. These compounds provide a rationale for the development of a new class of therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare A Peters Libeu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, United States of America.
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Yan SS, Chen D, Yan S, Guo L, Du H, Chen JX. RAGE is a key cellular target for Abeta-induced perturbation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2012. [PMID: 22202057 DOI: 10.2741/265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RAGE, a receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, is an immunoglobulin-like cell surface receptor that is often described as a pattern recognition receptor due to the structural heterogeneity of its ligand. RAGE is an important cellular cofactor for amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta)-mediated cellular perturbation relevant to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The interaction of RAGE with Abeta in neurons, microglia, and vascular cells accelerates and amplifies deleterious effects on neuronal and synaptic function. RAGE-dependent signaling contributes to Abeta-mediated amyloid pathology and cognitive dysfunction observed in the AD mouse model. Blockade of RAGE significantly attenuates neuronal and synaptic injury. In this review, we summarize the role of RAGE in the pathogenesis of AD, specifically in Abeta-induced cellular perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley ShiDu Yan
- Department of Surgery, Physicians and Surgeons College of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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38
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Yan SS, Chen D, Yan S, Guo L, Du H, Chen JX. RAGE is a key cellular target for Abeta-induced perturbation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2012; 4:240-250. [PMID: 22202057 PMCID: PMC3687351 DOI: 10.2741/s265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RAGE, a receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, is an immunoglobulin-like cell surface receptor that is often described as a pattern recognition receptor due to the structural heterogeneity of its ligand. RAGE is an important cellular cofactor for amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta)-mediated cellular perturbation relevant to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The interaction of RAGE with Abeta in neurons, microglia, and vascular cells accelerates and amplifies deleterious effects on neuronal and synaptic function. RAGE-dependent signaling contributes to Abeta-mediated amyloid pathology and cognitive dysfunction observed in the AD mouse model. Blockade of RAGE significantly attenuates neuronal and synaptic injury. In this review, we summarize the role of RAGE in the pathogenesis of AD, specifically in Abeta-induced cellular perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley ShiDu Yan
- Department of Surgery, Physicians and Surgeons College of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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39
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Roles of amyloid precursor protein family members in neuroprotection, stress signaling and aging. Exp Brain Res 2011; 217:471-9. [PMID: 22086493 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-011-2932-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The roles of amyloid precursor protein (APP) family members in normal brain function are poorly understood. Under physiological conditions the majority of APP appears to be processed along the non-amyloidogenic pathway leading to the formation of the secreted N-terminal APP fragment sAPPα. This cleavage product of APP has been implicated in several physiological processes such as neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity, neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis. In this review we focus on the role of APP family members in neuroprotection and summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms which are believed to mediate this effect. We propose that a reduction of APP processing along the non-amyloidogenic pathway during brain aging could result in an enhanced susceptibility of neurons to cellular stress and could contribute to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
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40
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Libeu CP, Poksay KS, John V, Bredesen DE. Structural and functional alterations in amyloid-β precursor protein induced by amyloid-β peptides. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 25:547-66. [PMID: 21471643 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2011-101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is neurotoxic as an oligomer, but not as a monomer, by an unknown mechanism. We showed previously that Aβ interacts with the amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP), leading to caspase cleavage and cell death induction. To characterize this structure and interaction further, we purified the extracellular domain of AβPP695 (eAβPP) and its complex with Aβ oligomers (AβOs) of varying sizes, and then performed small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In the absence of any Aβ, eAβPP was a compact homodimer with a tight association between the E1 and E2 domains. Dimeric Aβ oligomers induced monomerization of eAβPP while larger oligomers also bound eAβPP but preserved the homodimer. Efficient binding of the larger oligomers correlated with the presence of prefibrillar oligomers, suggesting that the eAβPP binding is limited to a conformational subset of Aβ oligomers. Both forms of Aβ bound to eAβPP at the Aβ-cognate region and induced dissociation of the E1 and E2 domains. Our data provide the first structural evidence for Aβ-AβPP binding and suggest a mechanism for differential modulation of AβPP processing and cell death signaling by Aβ dimers versus conformationally-specific larger oligomers.
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41
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Ehrnhoefer DE, Wong BKY, Hayden MR. Convergent pathogenic pathways in Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases: shared targets for drug development. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011; 10:853-67. [PMID: 22015920 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, exemplified by Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease, are characterized by progressive neuropsychiatric dysfunction and loss of specific neuronal subtypes. Although there are differences in the exact sites of pathology, and the clinical profiles of these two conditions only partially overlap, considerable similarities in disease mechanisms and pathogenic pathways can be observed. These shared mechanisms raise the possibility of exploiting common therapeutic targets for drug development. As Huntington's disease has a monogenic cause, it is possible to accurately identify individuals who carry the Huntington's disease mutation but do not yet manifest symptoms. These individuals could act as a model for Alzheimer's disease to test therapeutic interventions that target shared pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar E Ehrnhoefer
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
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Protective effects of erythropoietin on myocardial infarction in rats: the role of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Am J Med Sci 2011; 342:153-9. [PMID: 21415704 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e318210041d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) has protective effects on myocardial infarction (MI). This study was to test whether EPO administrated after MI is as effective as EPO administrated before MI and to determine the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the cardioprotective effects of EPO. Recombinant human EPO (5000 IU/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 12 hours before MI (pretreatment) or 30 minutes after MI (posttreatment). The levels of serum enzymes were assayed at 24 and 72 hours after MI. The infarct size was determined by nitro blue tetrazolium staining. The microarchitecture damages were evaluated by electron microscopy. EPO receptor messenger RNA and protein levels were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Activation of AMPK and nuclear factor kappa B was determined by immunoblotting. An AMPK-specific inhibitor, compound C, was used to inhibit AMPK activation in vivo. The authors found that both pretreatment and posttreatment of EPO successfully attenuated the serum enzyme levels, reduced the infarct size and ameliorated the microarchitecture damage. Moreover, both pretreatment and posttreatment of EPO decreased the EPO receptor messenger RNA and protein expressions, which were up-regulated in MI. More importantly, under MI conditions, EPO further increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and suppressed the activation of nuclear factor kappa B. Moreover, when AMPK was blocked by compound C, the cardioprotective effect of EPO was significantly attenuated (P < 0.01). Thus, this study demonstrates that both pretreatment and posttreatment of EPO are cardioprotective in an AMPK-dependent manners, providing the first evidence that the AMPK signaling pathway is involved in the cardioprotective effects of EPO.
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Qazi A, Halterman MW, Mi Z, Zhang T, Schor NF. Chopper is prodeath regardless of the effect of p75ICD on sensitivity to oxidative stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2011; 2011:391659. [PMID: 21904642 PMCID: PMC3166776 DOI: 10.1155/2011/391659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intracellular domain (ICD) of the neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR, exhibits variably pro- and antiapoptotic activity and has been implicated in neurodegenerative and neurodestructive disease. The molecular determinants of these cellular effects are not completely understood. The "Chopper" domain of p75ICD has been shown to be proapoptotic in in vitro systems in which p75ICD is proapoptotic. The effects of Chopper in systems in which p75ICD is antiapoptotic and, therefore, whether or not Chopper accounts for the variability of the cellular effects of p75ICD are not known. We therefore examined the effects of deletion of Chopper on the effects of p75ICD on in vitro cell culture systems in which p75ICD is pro- or antiapoptotic, respectively. RESULTS In HN33.11 murine neuroblastoma-hippocampal neuron hybrid cells, p75ICD is antiapoptotic. In NIH 3T3 cells, p75ICD is proapoptotic. In both cell lines deletion of the Chopper domain from p75ICD decreases the incidence of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress. Thus, irrespective of the nature of the effects of p75ICD on the cell, its Chopper domain is proapoptotic. CONCLUSIONS Expression of p75ICD can enhance or attenuate oxidative induction of apoptosis. Variability of the effects of p75ICD is not related to variability of the effects of its Chopper domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alliya Qazi
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital at URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Marc W. Halterman
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital at URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Neural Development and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Zhiping Mi
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital at URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Neural Development and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital at URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Neural Development and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Nina F. Schor
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital at URMC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Neural Development and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Departments of Neurobiology & Anatomy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Bredesen DE, John V, Galvan V. Importance of the caspase cleavage site in amyloid-β protein precursor. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 22:57-63. [PMID: 20847422 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Reports from multiple laboratories have now been published analyzing the critical nature of the caspase cleavage site of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) for cell death induction, synaptic loss, hippocampal atrophy, long-term potentiation, memory loss, neophobia, and other aspects of the Alzheimer's phenotype. Here we review the results and implications of these studies for the understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology and the potential development of therapeutics that target this site in AβPP.
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Rocha de Paula M, Gómez Ravetti M, Berretta R, Moscato P. Differences in abundances of cell-signalling proteins in blood reveal novel biomarkers for early detection of clinical Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17481. [PMID: 21479255 PMCID: PMC3063784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In November 2007 a study published in Nature Medicine proposed a simple test based on the abundance of 18 proteins in blood to predict the onset of clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) two to six years before these symptoms manifest. Later, another study, published in PLoS ONE, showed that only five proteins (IL-1, IL-3, EGF, TNF- and G-CSF) have overall better prediction accuracy. These classifiers are based on the abundance of 120 proteins. Such values were standardised by a Z-score transformation, which means that their values are relative to the average of all others. METHODOLOGY The original datasets from the Nature Medicine paper are further studied using methods from combinatorial optimisation and Information Theory. We expand the original dataset by also including all pair-wise differences of z-score values of the original dataset ("metafeatures"). Using an exact algorithm to solve the resulting Feature Set problem, used to tackle the feature selection problem, we found signatures that contain either only features, metafeatures or both, and evaluated their predictive performance on the independent test set. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to show that a specific pattern of cell signalling imbalance in blood plasma has valuable information to distinguish between NDC and AD samples. The obtained signatures were able to predict AD in patients that already had a Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with up to 84% of sensitivity, while maintaining also a strong prediction accuracy of 90% on a independent dataset with Non Demented Controls (NDC) and AD samples. The novel biomarkers uncovered with this method now confirms ANG-2, IL-11, PDGF-BB, CCL15/MIP-1; and supports the joint measurement of other signalling proteins not previously discussed: GM-CSF, NT-3, IGFBP-2 and VEGF-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Rocha de Paula
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery & Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Martín Gómez Ravetti
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Regina Berretta
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery & Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Pablo Moscato
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery & Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Wang YJ, Wang X, Lu JJ, Li QX, Gao CY, Liu XH, Sun Y, Yang M, Lim Y, Evin G, Zhong JH, Masters C, Zhou XF. p75NTR regulates Abeta deposition by increasing Abeta production but inhibiting Abeta aggregation with its extracellular domain. J Neurosci 2011; 31:2292-304. [PMID: 21307265 PMCID: PMC6633040 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2733-10.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 11/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus is a major pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR has been proposed to mediate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity; however, its role in the development of AD remains to be clarified. The p75NTR/ExonIII-/- mice and APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice were crossed to generate transgenic AD mice with deletion of p75NTR gene. In APPSwe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice, p75NTR expression was localized in the basal forebrain neurons and degenerative neurites in neocortex, increased with aging, and further activated by Aβ accumulation. Deletion of the p75NTR gene in APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice reduced soluble Aβ levels in the brain and serum, but increased the accumulation of insoluble Aβ and Aβ plaque formation. There was no change in the levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic derivatives, or α-, β-, and γ-secretase activities, or in levels of BACE1, neprilysin (NEP), and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) proteins. Aβ production by cortical neurons of APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice was reduced by deletion of p75NTR gene in vitro. Recombinant extracellular domain of p75NTR attenuated the oligomerization and fibrillation of synthetic Aβ(42) peptide in vitro, and reduced local Aβ plaques after hippocampus injection in vivo. In addition, deletion of p75NTR attenuated microgliosis but increased the microhemorrhage profiles in the brain. The deletion of p75NTR did not significantly change the cognitive function of the mice up to the age of 9 months. Our data suggest that p75NTR plays a critical role in regulating Aβ levels by both increasing Aβ production and attenuating its aggregation, and they caution that a therapeutic intervention simply reducing p75NTR may exacerbate AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jian-Jun Lu
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia, and
- Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chang-Yue Gao
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yin Sun
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yoon Lim
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Genevieve Evin
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia, and
- Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jin-Hua Zhong
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Colin Masters
- Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
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Wang P, Xu TY, Guan YF, Tian WW, Viollet B, Rui YC, Zhai QW, Su DF, Miao CY. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase protects against ischemic stroke through SIRT1-dependent adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase pathway. Ann Neurol 2011; 69:360-74. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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ProNGF induces PTEN via p75NTR to suppress Trk-mediated survival signaling in brain neurons. J Neurosci 2010; 30:15608-15. [PMID: 21084616 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2581-10.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Proneurotrophins and mature neurotrophins activate different signaling pathways with distinct effects on their target cells: proneurotrophins can induce apoptotic signaling via p75(NTR), whereas mature neurotrophins activate Trk receptors to influence survival and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) phosphatase represents a novel switch between the survival and apoptotic signaling pathways in rat CNS neurons. Simultaneous activation of p75(NTR) by proNGF and TrkB signaling by BDNF elicited apoptosis despite TrkB phosphorylation. Apoptosis induced by p75(NTR) required suppression of TrkB-induced phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling, mediated by induction of PTEN, for apoptosis to proceed. Inhibition of PTEN restored the ability of BDNF to phosphorylate Akt and protect cultured basal forebrain neurons from proNGF-induced death. In vivo, inhibition or knockdown of PTEN after pilocarpine-induced seizures protected CNS neurons from p75(NTR)-mediated death, demonstrating that PTEN is a crucial factor mediating the balance between p75(NTR)-induced apoptotic signaling and Trk-mediated survival signaling in brain neurons.
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Perez SE, He B, Muhammad N, Oh KJ, Fahnestock M, Ikonomovic MD, Mufson EJ. Cholinotrophic basal forebrain system alterations in 3xTg-AD transgenic mice. Neurobiol Dis 2010; 41:338-52. [PMID: 20937383 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinotrophic system, which is dependent upon nerve growth factor and its receptors for survival, is selectively vulnerable in Alzheimer's disease (AD). But, virtually nothing is known about how this deficit develops in relation to the hallmark lesions of this disease, amyloid plaques and tau containing neurofibrillary tangles. The vast majority of transgenic models of AD used to evaluate the effect of beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition upon the cholinotrophic system over-express the amyloid precursor protein (APP). However, nothing is known about how this system is affected in triple transgenic (3xTg)-AD mice, an AD animal model displaying Aβ plaque- and tangle-like pathology in the cortex and hippocampus, which receive extensive cholinergic innervation. We performed a detailed morphological and biochemical characterization of the cholinotrophic system in young (2-4 months), middle-aged (13-15 months) and old (18-20 months) 3xTg-AD mice. Cholinergic neuritic swellings increased in number and size with age, and were more conspicuous in the hippocampal-subicular complex in aged female than in 3xTg-AD male mice. Stereological analysis revealed a reduction in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) positive cells in the medial septum/vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca in aged 3xTg-AD mice. ChAT enzyme activity levels decreased significantly in the hippocampus of middle-aged 3xTg-AD mice compared to age-matched non-transgenic (or wild type) mice. ProNGF protein levels increased in the cortex of aged 3xTg-AD mice, whereas TrkA protein levels were reduced in a gender-dependent manner in aged mutant mice. In contrast, p75(NTR) protein cortical levels were stable but increased in the hippocampus of aged 3xTg-AD mice. These data demonstrate that cholinotrophic alterations in 3xTg-AD mice are age- and gender-dependent and more pronounced in the hippocampus, a structure more severely affected by Aβ plaque pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia E Perez
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison Street, suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Gonçalves SA, Matos JE, Outeiro TF. Zooming into protein oligomerization in neurodegeneration using BiFC. Trends Biochem Sci 2010; 35:643-51. [PMID: 20561791 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded and aggregated proteins, which lead to neurotoxicity. However, the nature of those toxic species is controversial. Developments in optical microscopy and live-cell imaging are essential in providing crucial insight into the molecular mechanisms involved. In particular, the technique of bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) represents a remarkable improvement for observing protein-protein interactions within living cells. Unlike other techniques, BiFC provides spatial and temporal resolution and can be carried out in a physiological environment. Among other applications, BiFC has been used to study molecular determinants of oligomerization in neurodegenerative disorders, thereby promising to unveil novel targets for therapeutics. We review the applicability of BiFC for investigating the molecular basis of neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein misfolding and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana A Gonçalves
- Cell and Molecular Neuroscience Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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