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Ceballos-Ávila D, Vázquez-Sandoval I, Ferrusca-Martínez F, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Conceptually innovative fluorophores for functional bioimaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 264:116638. [PMID: 39153261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Fluorophore chemistry is at the forefront of bioimaging, revolutionizing the visualization of biological processes with unparalleled precision. From the serendipitous discovery of mauveine in 1856 to cutting-edge fluorophore engineering, this field has undergone transformative evolution. Today, the synergy of chemistry, biology, and imaging technologies has produced diverse, specialized fluorophores that enhance brightness, photostability, and targeting capabilities. This review delves into the history and innovation of fluorescent probes, showcasing their pivotal role in advancing our understanding of cellular dynamics and disease mechanisms. We highlight groundbreaking molecules and their applications, envisioning future breakthroughs that promise to redefine biomedical research and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ceballos-Ávila
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ixsoyen Vázquez-Sandoval
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Ferrusca-Martínez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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2
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Jozeliūnaitė A, Rahmanudin A, Gražulis S, Baudat E, Sivula K, Fazzi D, Orentas E, Sforazzini G. Light-Responsive Oligothiophenes Incorporating Photochromic Torsional Switches. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202698. [PMID: 36136376 PMCID: PMC9828566 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a quaterthiophene and sexithiophene that can reversibly change their effective π-conjugation length through photoexcitation. The reported compounds make use of light-responsive molecular actuators consisting of an azobenzene attached to a bithiophene unit by both direct and linker-assisted bonding. Upon exposure to 350 nm light, the azobenzene undergoes trans-to-cis isomerization, thus mechanically inducing the oligothiophene to assume a planar conformation (extended π-conjugation). Exposure to 254 nm wavelength promotes azobenzene cis-to-trans isomerization, forcing the thiophenic backbones to twist out of planarity (confined π-conjugation). Twisted conformations are also reached by cis-to-trans thermal relaxation at a rate that increases proportionally with the conjugation length of the oligothiophene moiety. The molecular conformations of quaterthiophene and sexithiophene were characterized by using steady-state UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and quantum-chemical modeling. Finally, we tested the proposed light-responsive oligothiophenes in field-effect transistors to probe the photo-induced tuning of their electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Jozeliūnaitė
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-0325, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aiman Rahmanudin
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Vilnius University, Institute of Biotechnology, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Emilie Baudat
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Sivula
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Fazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-0325, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giuseppe Sforazzini
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Present address: Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University degli Studi di Cagliari, SS 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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3
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Flores-Cruz R, Hernández-Juárez C, Jimenez-Sanchez A, Hernández-Juárez MSC, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Fluorescent Probe for the Monitoring of Plasma Membrane Hydration. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Flores-Cruz
- Instituto de Quimica UNAM: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Quimica Quimica Organica MEXICO
| | - Cinthia Hernández-Juárez
- Instituto de Quimica UNAM: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Quimica Quimica Organica MEXICO
| | - Arturo Jimenez-Sanchez
- Institute of Chemistry-UNAM Bioorganic and Bioanalytical Chemistry Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cd de M04310Mexico 04310 Mexico City MEXICO
| | | | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Quimica UNAM: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Quimica Quimica Organica MEXICO
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4
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Assies L, Mercier V, López-Andarias J, Roux A, Sakai N, Matile S. The Dynamic Range of Acidity: Tracking Rules for the Unidirectional Penetration of Cellular Compartments. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200192. [PMID: 35535626 PMCID: PMC9400975 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Labeled ammonium cations with pKa∼7.4 accumulate in acidic organelles because they can be neutralized transiently to cross the membrane at cytosolic pH 7.2 but not at their internal pH<5.5. Retention in early endosomes with less acidic internal pH was achieved recently using weaker acids of up to pKa 9.8. We report here that primary ammonium cations with higher pKa 10.6, label early endosomes more efficiently. This maximized early endosome tracking coincides with increasing labeling of Golgi networks with similarly weak internal acidity. Guanidinium cations with pKa 13.5 cannot cross the plasma membrane in monomeric form and label the plasma membrane with selectivity for vesicles embarking into endocytosis. Self‐assembled into micelles, guanidinium cations enter cells like arginine‐rich cell‐penetrating peptides and, driven by their membrane potential, penetrate mitochondria unidirectionally despite their high inner pH. The resulting tracking rules with an approximated dynamic range of pKa change ∼3.5 are expected to be generally valid, thus enabling the design of chemistry tools for biology research in the broadest sense. From a practical point of view, most relevant are two complementary fluorescent flipper probes that can be used to image the mechanics at the very beginning of endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Assies
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Vincent Mercier
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Javier López-Andarias
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Aurelien Roux
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Naomi Sakai
- University of Geneva Faculty of Science: Universite de Geneve Faculte des Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Stefan Matile
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
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5
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Schulz A, Würthner F. Folding-induced Fluorescence Enhancement in a Series of Merocyanine Hetero-Folda-Trimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114667. [PMID: 34784435 PMCID: PMC9299730 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many dyes suffer from fast non-radiative decay pathways, thereby showing only short-lived excited states and weak photoluminescence. Here we show a pronounced fluorescence enhancement for a weakly fluorescent merocyanine (MC) dye by being co-facially stacked to other dyes in hetero-folda-trimer architectures. By means of fluorescence spectroscopy (lifetime, quantum yield) the fluorescence enhancement was explained by the rigidification of the emitting chromophore in the defined foldamer architecture and the presence of a non-forbidden lowest exciton state in H-coupled hetero-aggregates. This folding-induced fluorescence enhancement (FIFE) for specific sequences of π-stacked dyes points at a viable strategy toward improved fluorophores that relates to the approach used by nature in the green fluorescent protein (GFP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schulz
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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6
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Folding‐induced Fluorescence Enhancement in a Series of Merocyanine Hetero‐Folda‐Trimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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López‐Andarias J, Eblighatian K, Pasquer QTL, Assies L, Sakai N, Hoogendoorn S, Matile S. Photocleavable Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes: Fast Release with Spatiotemporal Control in Inner Leaflets of Plasma Membrane, Nuclear Envelope, and Secretory Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier López‐Andarias
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Krikor Eblighatian
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Quentin T. L. Pasquer
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Sascha Hoogendoorn
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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8
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López‐Andarias J, Eblighatian K, Pasquer QTL, Assies L, Sakai N, Hoogendoorn S, Matile S. Photocleavable Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes: Fast Release with Spatiotemporal Control in Inner Leaflets of Plasma Membrane, Nuclear Envelope, and Secretory Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113163. [PMID: 34734671 PMCID: PMC9299180 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive flipper probes are attracting interest as fluorescent reporters of membrane order and tension in biological systems. We introduce PhotoFlippers, which contain a photocleavable linker and an ultralong tether between mechanophore and various targeting motifs. Upon irradiation, the original probe is released and labels the most ordered membrane that is accessible by intermembrane transfer. Spatiotemporal control from photocleavable flippers is essential to access open, dynamic or elusive membrane motifs without chemical or physical interference. For instance, fast release with light is shown to place the original small-molecule probes into the innermost leaflet of the nuclear envelope to image changes in membrane tension, at specific points in time of membrane trafficking along the secretory pathway, or in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to explore membrane asymmetry. These results identify PhotoFlippers as useful chemistry tools to enable research in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López‐Andarias
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Krikor Eblighatian
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Quentin T. L. Pasquer
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Sascha Hoogendoorn
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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9
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Pieczykolan M, Derr JB, Chrayteh A, Koszarna B, Clark JA, Vakuliuk O, Jacquemin D, Vullev VI, Gryko DT. The Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Weakly Coupled Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164744. [PMID: 34443329 PMCID: PMC8398321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three centrosymmetric diketopyrrolopyrroles possessing either two 2-(2′-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazole or two 2-(2′-methoxyphenyl)benzoxazolo-thiophene scaffolds were synthesized in a straightforward manner, and their photophysical properties were investigated. Their emission was significantly bathochromically shifted as compared with that of simple DPPs reaching 650 nm. Judging from theoretical calculations performed with time-dependent density functional theory, in all three cases the excited state was localized on the DPP core and there was no significant CT character. Consequently, emission was almost independent of solvents’ polarity. DPPs possessing 2,5-thiophene units vicinal to DPP core play a role in electronic transitions, resulting in bathochromically shifted absorption and emission. Interestingly, as judged from transient absorption dynamics, intersystem crossing was responsible for the deactivation of the excited states of DPPs possessing para linkers but not in the case of dye bearing meta linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Pieczykolan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - James B. Derr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Amara Chrayteh
- CEISAM Laboratory—UMR 6230, University of Nantes, CNTS, 44035 Nantes, France;
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - John A. Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM Laboratory—UMR 6230, University of Nantes, CNTS, 44035 Nantes, France;
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Valentine I. Vullev
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
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10
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Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12258-12263. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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11
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Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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12
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Liu JT, Hase H, Taylor S, Salzmann I, Forgione P. Approaching the Integer‐Charge Transfer Regime in Molecularly Doped Oligothiophenes by Efficient Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Tian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Hannes Hase
- Department of Physics Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Ingo Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
- Department of Physics Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling (CERMM) Centre for NanoScience Research (CeNSR) Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Pat Forgione
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
- Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 rue Sherbrooke O. Montréal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling (CERMM) Centre for NanoScience Research (CeNSR) Concordia University 7141 rue Sherbrooke O. Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
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13
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Liu JT, Hase H, Taylor S, Salzmann I, Forgione P. Approaching the Integer-Charge Transfer Regime in Molecularly Doped Oligothiophenes by Efficient Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7146-7153. [PMID: 31961982 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A library of symmetrical linear oligothiophene was prepared employing decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction as the key transformation. Thiophene potassium carboxylate salts were used as cross-coupling partners without the need of co-catalyst, base, or additives. This method demonstrates complete chemoselectivity and is a comprehensive greener approach compared to the existing methods. The modularity of this approach is demonstrated with the preparation of discreet oligothiophenes with up to 10 thiophene repeat units. Symmetrical oligothiophenes are prototypical organic semiconductors where their molecular electrical doping as a function of the chain length can be assessed spectroscopically. An oligothiophene critical length for integer charge transfer was observed to be 10 thiophene units, highlighting the potential use of discrete oligothiophenes as doped conduction or injection layers in organic electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Tian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Hannes Hase
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ingo Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.,Department of Physics, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.,Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling (CERMM), Centre for NanoScience Research (CeNSR), Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Pat Forgione
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.,Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 rue Sherbrooke O., Montréal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada.,Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling (CERMM), Centre for NanoScience Research (CeNSR), Concordia University, 7141 rue Sherbrooke O., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
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14
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Zhang X, Sakai N, Matile S. Methyl Scanning for Mechanochemical Chalcogen-Bonding Cascade Switches. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:18-22. [PMID: 31921541 PMCID: PMC6946998 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcogen-bonding cascade switching was introduced recently to produce the chemistry tools needed to image physical forces in biological systems. In the original flipper probe, one methyl group appeared to possibly interfere with the cascade switch. In this report, this questionable methyl group is replaced by a hydrogen. The deletion of this methyl group in planarizable push-pull probes was not trivial because it required the synthesis of dithienothiophenes with four different substituents on the four available carbons. The mechanosensitivity of the resulting demethylated flipper probe was nearly identical to that of the original. Thus methyl groups in the switching region are irrelevant for function, whereas those in the twisting region are essential. This result supports the chalcogen-bonding cascade switching concept and, most importantly, removes significant synthetic demands from future probe development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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15
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Macchione M, Goujon A, Strakova K, Humeniuk HV, Licari G, Tajkhorshid E, Sakai N, Matile S. A Chalcogen-Bonding Cascade Switch for Planarizable Push-Pull Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15752-15756. [PMID: 31539191 PMCID: PMC7035594 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Planarizable push-pull probes have been introduced to demonstrate physical forces in biology. However, the donors and acceptors needed to polarize mechanically planarized probes are incompatible with their twisted resting state. The objective of this study was to overcome this "flipper dilemma" with chalcogen-bonding cascade switches that turn on donors and acceptors only in response to mechanical planarization of the probe. This concept is explored by molecular dynamics simulations as well as chemical double-mutant cycle analysis. Cascade switched flipper probes turn out to excel with chemical stability, red shifts adding up to high significance, and focused mechanosensitivity. Most important, however, is the introduction of a new, general and fundamental concept that operates with non-trivial supramolecular chemistry, solves an important practical problem and opens a wide chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Macchione
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Goujon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karolina Strakova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Heorhii V Humeniuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Licari
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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16
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Strakova K, Poblador‐Bahamonde AI, Sakai N, Matile S. Fluorescent Flipper Probes: Comprehensive Twist Coverage. Chemistry 2019; 25:14935-14942. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Strakova
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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17
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So RC, Carreon-Asok AC. Molecular Design, Synthetic Strategies, and Applications of Cationic Polythiophenes. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11442-11509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina C. So
- Department of Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Katipunan, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
| | - Analyn C. Carreon-Asok
- Department of Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Katipunan, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University−Ateneo de Cagayan University, Corrales Avenue, Cagayan de Oro City 9000, Philippines
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18
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Macchione M, Goujon A, Strakova K, Humeniuk HV, Licari G, Tajkhorshid E, Sakai N, Matile S. A Chalcogen‐Bonding Cascade Switch for Planarizable Push–Pull Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Macchione
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Antoine Goujon
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Karolina Strakova
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Giuseppe Licari
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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19
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Vakuliuk O, Jun YW, Vygranenko K, Clermont G, Reo YJ, Blanchard‐Desce M, Ahn KH, Gryko DT. Modified Isoindolediones as Bright Fluorescent Probes for Cell and Tissue Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:13354-13362. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Yong Woong Jun
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Kateryna Vygranenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Ye Jin Reo
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | | | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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20
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Banasiewicz M, Stężycki R, Kumar GD, Krzeszewski M, Tasior M, Koszarna B, Janiga A, Vakuliuk O, Sadowski B, Gryko DT, Jacquemin D. Electronic Communication in Pyrrolo[3,2-b
]pyrroles Possessing Sterically Hindered Aromatic Substituents. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Rafał Stężycki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - G. Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maciej Krzeszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Mariusz Tasior
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anita Janiga
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2, rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3 France
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21
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Zhang T, Zhang C, Li X, Liang M, Bian W, Zhang Y, Wang K, Xue P. Fluorescence response of cruciform D–π–A–π–D phenothiazine derivatives to mechanical force. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00568d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three kinds of crystals of two phenothiazine derivatives transformed into similar amorphous powders, in which the short-range π-stacking can be deduced by single-crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Meng Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Weixiao Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
| | - Pengchong Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
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22
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Sadowski B, Rode MF, Gryko DT. Direct Arylation of Dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones Leads to Red-Emitting Dyes with Conformational Freedom. Chemistry 2017; 24:855-864. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał F. Rode
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Aleja Lotnikow 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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23
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Macchione M, Chuard N, Sakai N, Matile S. Planarizable Push-Pull Probes: Overtwisted Flipper Mechanophores. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1062-1066. [PMID: 31961614 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Planarizable push-pull fluorescent probes, also referred to as flipper probes, have been introduced as conceptually innovative mechanophores that report on forces in their local environment in lipid bilayer membranes. The best flipper probes respond to a change from liquid disordered to solid ordered membranes with a red shift in excitation of 50-90 nm. A simultaneous increase in fluorescence lifetime and negligible background fluorescence from the aqueous phase qualifies these fluorescent probes for meaningful imaging in live cells. Here, we report that the replacement of methyl with isobutyl substituents along the scaffold of a dithienothiophene dimer strongly reduces fluorescence intensity but increases solvatochromism slightly. These trends imply that the large substituents in "leucine flippers" hinder the planarization in the first excited state to result in twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). As a result of this overtwisting, the leucine flippers form interesting fluorescent micelles in water but fail to respond to changes in membrane order. These dramatic changes in function provide one of the most impressive illustrations for the hypersensitivity of fluorescent membrane probes toward small changes in their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Macchione
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Chuard
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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24
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Kielesiński Ł, Morawski O, Dobrzycki Ł, Sobolewski AL, Gryko DT. The Coumarin-Dimer Spring-The Struggle between Charge Transfer and Steric Interactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:9174-9184. [PMID: 28500858 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kielesiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Olaf Morawski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University; Pasteura 1 00-273 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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25
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Vyšniauskas A, Qurashi M, Kuimova MK. A Molecular Rotor that Measures Dynamic Changes of Lipid Bilayer Viscosity Caused by Oxidative Stress. Chemistry 2016; 22:13210-7. [PMID: 27487026 PMCID: PMC5096028 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of cellular structures is typically an undesirable process that can be a hallmark of certain diseases. On the other hand, photooxidation is a necessary step of photodynamic therapy (PDT), a cancer treatment causing cell death upon light irradiation. Here, the effect of photooxidation on the microscopic viscosity of model lipid bilayers constructed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine has been studied. A molecular rotor has been employed that displays a viscosity-dependent fluorescence lifetime as a quantitative probe of the bilayer's viscosity. Thus, spatially-resolved viscosity maps of lipid photooxidation in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were obtained, testing the effect of the positioning of the oxidant relative to the rotor in the bilayer. It was found that PDT has a strong impact on viscoelastic properties of lipid bilayers, which 'travels' through the bilayer to areas that have not been irradiated directly. A dramatic difference in viscoelastic properties of oxidized GUVs by Type I (electron transfer) and Type II (singlet oxygen-based) photosensitisers was also detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurimas Vyšniauskas
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Maryam Qurashi
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Chemistry Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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26
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Schmid S, Ng DYW, Mena-Osteritz E, Wu Y, Weil T, Bäuerle P. Self-assembling oligothiophene–bolaamphiphiles for loading and controlled release of doxorubicin into living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3235-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08483k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Symmetric mannose-functionalized oligothiophenes for efficient transport and release of the anti-tumour drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Schmid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - D. Y. W. Ng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III/Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - E. Mena-Osteritz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Y. Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III/Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - T. Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III/Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - P. Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
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27
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Gamiz-Hernandez AP, Angelova IN, Send R, Sundholm D, Kaila VRI. Protein-Induced Color Shift of Carotenoids in β-Crustacyanin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [PMID: 26220698 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
β-Crustacyanin (β-CR) is a pigment protein responsible for the blue color of lobsters. We show using correlated ab initio calculations how the protein environment tunes the chromophores of β-CR through electrostatic and steric effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Gamiz-Hernandez
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München (TUM), Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching (Germany)
| | | | - Robert Send
- BASF SE, Quantum Chemistry Group, GVM/M - B009, 67056 Ludwigshafen (Germany)
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtanens plats 1, 00014 Helsinki (Finland)
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München (TUM), Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching (Germany).
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28
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Gamiz-Hernandez AP, Angelova IN, Send R, Sundholm D, Kaila VRI. Protein-induzierte Farbverschiebung von Carotenoiden in β-Crustacyanin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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29
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Dal Molin M, Verolet Q, Soleimanpour S, Matile S. Mechanosensitive membrane probes. Chemistry 2015; 21:6012-21. [PMID: 25693760 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This article assembles pertinent insights behind the concept of planarizable push-pull probes. As a response to the planarization of their polarized ground state, a red shift of their excitation maximum is expected to report on either the disorder, the tension, or the potential of biomembranes. The combination of chromophore planarization and polarization contributes to various, usually more complex processes in nature. Examples include the color change of crabs or lobsters during cooking or the chemistry of vision, particularly color vision. The summary of lessons from nature is followed by an overview of mechanosensitive organic materials. Although often twisted and sometimes also polarized, their change of color under pressure usually originates from changes in their crystal packing. Intriguing exceptions include the planarization of several elegantly twisted phenylethynyl oligomers and polymers. Also mechanosensitive probes in plastics usually respond to stretching by disassembly. True ground-state planarization in response to molecular recognition is best exemplified with the binding of thoughtfully twisted cationic polythiophenes to single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides. Molecular rotors, en vogue as viscosity sensors in cells, operate by deplanarization of the first excited state. Pertinent recent examples are described, focusing on λ-ratiometry and intracellular targeting. Complementary to planarization of the ground state with twisted push-pull probes, molecular rotors report on environmental changes with quenching or shifts in emission rather than absorption. The labeling of mechanosensitive channels is discussed as a bioengineering approach to bypass the challenge to create molecular mechanosensitivity and use biological systems instead to sense membrane tension. With planarizable push-pull probes, this challenge is met not with twistome screening, but with "fluorescent flippers," a new concept to insert large and bright monomers into oligomeric probes to really feel the environment and also shine when twisted out of conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dal Molin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 22-379-3215 www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile
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30
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Verolet Q, Soleimanpour S, Fujisawa K, Dal Molin M, Sakai N, Matile S. Design and Synthesis of Mixed Oligomers with Thiophenes, Dithienothiophene S,S-Dioxides, Thieno[3,4]pyrazines and 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazoles: Flipper Screening for Mechanosensitive Systems. ChemistryOpen 2015; 4:264-7. [PMID: 26246986 PMCID: PMC4522174 DOI: 10.1002/open.201402139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Monomers with large surface area and high quantum yield, that is fluorescent flippers, have been engineered into twisted push–pull oligomers to create membrane probes with high mechanosensitivity and long fluorescence lifetime. Here, the synthesis and characterization of thieno[3,4]pyrazines and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles are described in comparison with the original dithienothiophene S,S-dioxides. Dithienothiophene S,S-dioxide flippers are confirmed as the best reported so far, and poor results with single flipper probes support that two flippers are needed for the probe to really “swim”, that is, for high mechanosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Verolet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Saeideh Soleimanpour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kaori Fujisawa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Dal Molin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Simon RA, Shirani H, Åslund KOA, Bäck M, Haroutunian V, Gandy S, Nilsson KPR. Pentameric thiophene-based ligands that spectrally discriminate amyloid-β and tau aggregates display distinct solvatochromism and viscosity-induced spectral shifts. Chemistry 2014; 20:12537-43. [PMID: 25111601 PMCID: PMC4221846 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the deposition of multiple protein aggregates. Ligands for molecular characterization and discrimination of these pathological hallmarks are thus important for understanding their potential role in pathogenesis as well as for clinical diagnosis of the disease. In this regard, luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) have proven useful for spectral discrimination of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), two of the pathological hallmarks associated with Alzheimer's disease. Herein, the solvatochromism of a library of anionic pentameric thiophene-based ligands, as well as their ability to spectrally discriminate Aβ and tau aggregates, were investigated. Overall, the results from this study identified distinct solvatochromic and viscosity-dependent behavior of thiophene-based ligands that can be applied as indices to direct the chemical design of improved LCOs for spectral separation of Aβ and tau aggregates in brain tissue sections. The results also suggest that the observed spectral transitions of the ligands are due to their ability to conform by induced fit to specific microenvironments within the binding interface of each particular protein aggregate. We foresee that these findings might aid in the chemical design of thiophene-based ligands that are increasingly selective for distinct disease-associated protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozalyn A Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden)
| | - Hamid Shirani
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden)
| | | | - Marcus Bäck
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden)
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 (USA) and James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 (USA)
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 (USA) and James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 (USA)
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden)
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32
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Schmid S, Marion Schneider E, Brier E, Bäuerle P. Self-organizing carbohydrate-oligothiophene-hybrids for eukaryotic membrane-labelling. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:7861-7865. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01472c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling d-(+) and l-(−) mannose-functionalized oligothiophene hybrids were synthesized via Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. The hybrids are taken up into live myeloid cells and offer an ideal platform for imaging of artificial and cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Schmid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Eduard Brier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm, Germany
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33
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Klingstedt T, Shirani H, Åslund KOA, Cairns NJ, Sigurdson CJ, Goedert M, Nilsson* KPR. The structural basis for optimal performance of oligothiophene-based fluorescent amyloid ligands: conformational flexibility is essential for spectral assignment of a diversity of protein aggregates. Chemistry 2013; 19:10179-92. [PMID: 23780508 PMCID: PMC3884759 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding diseases are characterized by deposition of protein aggregates, and optical ligands for molecular characterization of these disease-associated structures are important for understanding their potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) have proven useful for optical identification of a broader subset of disease-associated protein aggregates than conventional ligands, such as thioflavin T and Congo red. Herein, the molecular requirements for achieving LCOs able to detect nonthioflavinophilic Aβ aggregates or non-congophilic prion aggregates, as well as spectrally discriminate Aβ and tau aggregates, were investigated. An anionic pentameric LCO was subjected to chemical engineering by: 1) replacing thiophene units with selenophene or phenylene moieties, or 2) alternating the anionic substituents along the thiophene backbone. In addition, two asymmetric tetrameric ligands were generated. Overall, the results from this study identified conformational freedom and extended conjugation of the conjugated backbone as crucial determinants for obtaining superior thiophene-based optical ligands for sensitive detection and spectral assignment of disease-associated protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therése Klingstedt
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden) E-mail:
| | - Hamid Shirani
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden) E-mail:
| | - K O Andreas Åslund
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden) E-mail:
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer–s Disease Research Center, Washington UniversitySt. Louis, Missouri 63110 (USA)
| | - Christina J Sigurdson
- Department of Pathology, University of CaliforniaSan Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0612 (USA)
| | - Michel Goedert
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyHills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH (UK)
| | - K Peter R Nilsson*
- Department of Chemistry, Linköping University581 83 Linköping (Sweden) E-mail:
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Reeve JE, Corbett AD, Boczarow I, Kaluza W, Barford W, Bayley H, Wilson T, Anderson HL. Porphyrins for Probing Electrical Potential Across Lipid Bilayer Membranes by Second Harmonic Generation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Reeve JE, Corbett AD, Boczarow I, Kaluza W, Barford W, Bayley H, Wilson T, Anderson HL. Porphyrins for probing electrical potential across lipid bilayer membranes by second harmonic generation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9044-8. [PMID: 23861287 PMCID: PMC3881515 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James E Reeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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