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Morris LJ, Rajeshkumar T, Maron L, Okuda J. Reversible Oxidative Addition of Zinc Hydride at a Gallium(I)-Centre: Labile Mono- and Bis(hydridogallyl)zinc Complexes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201480. [PMID: 35819049 PMCID: PMC9804236 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of TMEDA (N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine), partially deaggregated zinc dihydride as hydrocarbon suspensions react with the gallium(I) compound [(BDI)Ga] (I, BDI={HC(C(CH3 )N(2,6-iPr2 -C6 H3 ))2 }- ) by formal oxidative addition of a Zn-H bond to the gallium(I) centre. Dissociation of the labile TMEDA ligand in the resulting complex [(BDI)Ga(H)-(H)Zn(tmeda)] (1) facilitates insertion of a second equiv. of I into the remaining Zn-H to form a thermally sensitive trinuclear species [{(BDI)Ga(H)}2 Zn] (2). Compound 1 exchanges with polymeric zinc dideuteride [ZnD2 ]n in the presence of TMEDA, and with compounds I and 2 via sequential and reversible ligand dissociation and gallium(I) insertion. Spectroscopic and computational studies demonstrate the reversibility of oxidative addition of each Zn-H bond to the gallium(I) centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J. Morris
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52062AachenGermany
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Laurent Maron
- CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNOUniversité de Toulouse31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52062AachenGermany
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2
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Hoobler PR, Villegas-Escobar N, Turney JM, Toro-Labbé A, Schaefer HF. Substituent Effects on Aluminyl Anions and Derived Systems: A High-Level Theory. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10379-10391. [PMID: 34812036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aluminyl anions are low-valent aluminum species bearing a lone pair of electrons and a negative charge. These systems have drawn recent synthetic interest for their nucleophilic nature, allowing for the activation of σ-bonds, and have been proposed as a pathway to hydrogen energy storage. In this research, we provide high-level ab initio geometries and energies for both the simplest aluminyl anion (AlH2-) and several substituted derivatives. Geometries are reported using the gold-standard CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z level of theory. Energies were extrapolated to the complete basis set limit through the focal point approach, utilizing coupled-cluster methods through perturbative quadruples and basis sets up to five-ζ quality. Geometries were rationalized using electrostatic, steric, and orbital donation effects. The donation from substituents to Al is accompanied by back-donation effects, a property traditionally thought of in transition-metal systems. Stereoelectronic effects through the secondary orbital interaction play a fundamental role in stabilizing these low-valent aluminum compounds and would likely also affect the feasibility of their use within several industrial applications. The energetic analysis of the formation of each substituted anion is rationalized as the result of three energetic schemes. The effectiveness of these schemes for determining the relative formation energies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston R Hoobler
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant College, Lookout Mountain, Georgia 30750, United States
| | - Nery Villegas-Escobar
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Justin M Turney
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna, Santiago 4860, Chile
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Villegas-Escobar N, Toro-Labbé A, Schaefer HF. Contrasting the Mechanism of H 2 Activation by Monomeric and Potassium-Stabilized Dimeric Al I Complexes: Do Potassium Atoms Exert any Cooperative Effect? Chemistry 2021; 27:17369-17378. [PMID: 34613646 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aluminyl anions are low-valent, anionic, and carbenoid aluminum species commonly found stabilized with potassium cations from the reaction of Al-halogen precursors and alkali compounds. These systems are very reactive toward the activation of σ-bonds and in reactions with electrophiles. Various research groups have detected that the potassium atoms play a stabilization role via electrostatic and cation ⋯ π interactions with nearby (aromatic)-carbocyclic rings from both the ligand and from the reaction with unsaturated substrates. Since stabilizing K⋯H bonds are witnessed in the activation of this class of molecules, we aim to unveil the role of these metals in the activation of the smaller and less polarizable H2 molecule, together with a comprehensive characterization of the reaction mechanism. In this work, the activation of H2 utilizing a NON-xanthene-Al dimer, [K{Al(NON)}]2 (D) and monomeric, [Al(NON)]- (M) complexes are studied using density functional theory and high-level coupled-cluster theory to reveal the potential role of K+ atoms during the activation of this gas. Furthermore, we aim to reveal whether D is more reactive than M (or vice versa), or if complicity between the two monomer units exits within the D complex toward the activation of H2 . The results suggest that activation energies using the dimeric and monomeric complexes were found to be very close (around 33 kcal mol-1 ). However, a partition of activation energies unveiled that the nature of the energy barriers for the monomeric and dimeric complexes are inherently different. The former is dominated by a more substantial distortion of the reactants (and increased interaction energies between them). Interestingly, during the oxidative addition, the distortion of the Al complex is minimal, while H2 distorts the most, usually over 0.77 Δ E d i s t ≠ . Overall, it is found here that electrostatic and induction energies between the complexes and H2 are the main stabilizing components up to the respective transition states. The results suggest that the K+ atoms act as stabilizers of the dimeric structure, and their cooperative role on the reaction mechanism may be negligible, acting as mere spectators in the activation of H2 . Cooperation between the two monomers in D is lacking, and therefore the subsequent activation of H2 is wholly disengaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nery Villegas-Escobar
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago, 8370854, Chile
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
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Helling C, Wölper C, Schulz S. Size Matters: Synthesis of Group 13 Metal‐Substituted Dipnictanes by E‐C Bond Homolysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Helling
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5‐7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5‐7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5‐7 45141 Essen Germany
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Helling C, Wölper C, Cutsail GE, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. A Mechanistic Study on Reactions of Group 13 Diyls LM with Cp*SbX 2 : From Stibanyl Radicals to Antimony Hydrides. Chemistry 2020; 26:13390-13399. [PMID: 32428370 PMCID: PMC7693246 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative addition of Cp*SbX2 (X=Cl, Br, I; Cp*=C5 Me5 ) to group 13 diyls LM (M=Al, Ga, In; L=HC[C(Me)N (Dip)]2 , Dip=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) yields elemental antimony (M=Al) or the corresponding stibanylgallanes [L(X)Ga]Sb(X)Cp* (X=Br 1, I 2) and -indanes [L(X)In]Sb(X)Cp* (X=Cl 5, Br 6, I 7). 1 and 2 react with a second equivalent of LGa to eliminate decamethyl-1,1'-dihydrofulvalene (Cp*2 ) and form stibanyl radicals [L(X)Ga]2 Sb. (X=Br 3, I 4), whereas analogous reactions of 5 and 6 with LIn selectively yield stibanes [L(X)In]2 SbH (X=Cl 8, Br 9) by elimination of 1,2,3,4-tetramethylfulvene. The reactions are proposed to proceed via formation of [L(X)M]2 SbCp* as reaction intermediate, which is supported by the isolation of [L(Cl)Ga]2 SbCp (11, Cp=C5 H5 ). The reaction mechanism was further studied by computational calculations using two different models. The energy values for the Ga- and the In-substituted model systems showing methyl groups instead of the very bulky Dip units are very similar, and in both cases the same products are expected. Homolytic Sb-C bond cleavage yields van der Waals complexes from the as-formed radicals ([L(Cl)M]2 Sb. and Cp*. ), which can be stabilized by hydrogen atom abstraction to give the corresponding hydrides, whereas the direct formation of Sb hydrides starting from [L(Cl)M]2 SbCp* via concerted β-H elimination is unlikely. The consideration of the bulky Dip units reveals that the amount of the steric overload in the intermediate I determines the product formation (radical vs. hydride).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Helling
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (CEC)Stiftstrasse 34–36/45470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5–745117EssenGermany
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6
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Villegas-Escobar N, Schaefer HF, Toro-Labbé A. Formation of Formic Acid Derivatives through Activation and Hydroboration of CO 2 by Low-Valent Group 14 (Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) Catalysts. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1121-1133. [PMID: 31948229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of low-valent main group elements has attracted much attention in the past decade. These species are relevant because they have been able to mimic transition metal behavior in catalytic applications, with decreased material costs and diminished toxicity. In this contribution, we study the L1EH catalysts (E = Si(II), Ge(II), Sn(II), and Pb(II); L1 = [ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr] with Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) for the formation of formic acid derivatives through hydroboration of CO2. Detailed characterization of relevant structures on the potential energy surface enabled us to rationalize different paths for the hydroboration of CO2. Interestingly, it was found that according to the activation energies for the whole catalytic cycle, the process of transformation of CO2 becomes more favored going down group 14. However, an effective energetic decrease for the process (taking as the reference the uncatalyzed reaction between CO2 and HBpin) is evidenced just from the germanium analogue. The trend in reactivity found in the present study is a direct consequence of the change in the central main group element, enabling enhanced polar character of the E-H (L1EH in the CO2 activation step) and E-O (metal formates in the hydroboration step) bonds as the atomic radius increases. The transient stabilization of reaction intermediates found in the hydroboration step was rationalized through the non-covalent interaction index (NCI) and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). This computational study highlights the reactivity trends in group-14-based hydride catalysts in hydrometalation and posterior hydroboration to form formic acid intermediates. We hope that this study will motivate further experimental work in low-valent lead chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nery Villegas-Escobar
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States.,Laboratorio de Quı́mica Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Quı́mica , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , 9820436 Santiago , Chile
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Quı́mica Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Quı́mica , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , 9820436 Santiago , Chile
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7
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Dzialkowski K, Gehlhaar A, Wölper C, Auer AA, Schulz S. Structure and Reactivity of 1,8-Bis(naphthalenediyl)dipnictanes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzialkowski
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Gehlhaar
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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8
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Paparo A, Smith CD, Jones C. Diagonally Related s‐ and p‐Block Metals Join Forces: Synthesis and Characterization of Complexes with Covalent Beryllium–Aluminum Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11459-11463. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Paparo
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Cory D. Smith
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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9
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Paparo A, Smith CD, Jones C. Diagonally Related s‐ and p‐Block Metals Join Forces: Synthesis and Characterization of Complexes with Covalent Beryllium–Aluminum Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Paparo
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Cory D. Smith
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry Monash University PO Box 23 Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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10
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Krüger J, Wölper C, John L, Song L, Schreiner PR, Schulz S. Syntheses, Structures, and Bonding Analyses of Carbene‐Stabilized Stibinidenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstr. 5–7, S07 S03 C30, D ‐45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstr. 5–7, S07 S03 C30, D ‐45117 Essen Germany
| | - Lukas John
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstr. 5–7, S07 S03 C30, D ‐45117 Essen Germany
| | - Lijuan Song
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17, D ‐35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17, D ‐35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstr. 5–7, S07 S03 C30, D ‐45117 Essen Germany
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11
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Hofmann A, Pranckevicius C, Tröster T, Braunschweig H. Redoxreaktionen zwischen Aluminium(I)- und Bor(III)-Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hofmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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12
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Hofmann A, Pranckevicius C, Tröster T, Braunschweig H. Aluminum(I)/Boron(III) Redox Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3625-3629. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hofmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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13
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Zhang W, Dodonov VA, Chen W, Zhao Y, Skatova AA, Fedushkin IL, Roesky PW, Wu B, Yang XJ. Cycloaddition versus Cleavage of the C=S Bond of Isothiocyanates Promoted by Digallane Compounds with Noninnocent α-Diimine Ligands. Chemistry 2018; 24:14994-15002. [PMID: 30016556 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the chemistry of single-bond activation by compounds of the main group elements has undergone some development in recent years, the cleavage of multiple bonds remains underexplored. Herein, the reactions of two digallanes bearing α-diimine ligands, namely, [L1 Ga-GaL1 ] (1, L1 =dpp-dad=[(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )NC(CH3 )]2 ) and [L2 Ga-GaL2 ] (2, L2 =dpp-bian=1,2-[(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )NC]2 C10 H6 ), with isothiocyanates are reported. Reactions of 1 or 2 with isothiocyanates in 1:2 molar ratio proceeded with [2+4] cycloaddition of the C=S bond across the C2 N2 Ga metallacycle with formation of C-C and S-Ga single bonds to afford [L1 (RN=C-S)Ga-Ga(S-C=NR)L1 ] (3, R=Me; 4, R=Ph) and [L2 (RN=C-S)Ga-Ga(S-C=NR)L2 ] (8, R=allyl; 9, R=Ph). In the cases of 8 and 9, this cycloaddition is reversible. The digallanes reacted with 2 equiv of PhNCS in the presence of Na metal or at high temperatures through a unique reductive cleavage of the C=S bond to yield the disulfide-bridged digallium species [Na(THF)3 ]2 [L1 Ga(μ-S)2 GaL1 ] (5), [L2 Ga(μ-S)2 GaL2 ] (10), and [Na(DME)3 ][L2 Ga(μ-S)2 GaL2 ] (11). Moreover, products 4 and 5 can further react with an excess of isothiocyanate, through cleavage of the C=S bond or cycloaddition, to give the bis- or mono-S-bridged complexes [Na(THF)2 ]2 [L1 (PhN=C-S)Ga(μ-S)2 Ga(S-C=NPh)L1 ] (6) and [L1 (PhN=C-S)Ga(μ-S)Ga(S-C=NPh)L1 ] (7). All the newly prepared compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, NMR (3-9) or ESR spectroscopy (11), and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of, the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Vladimir A Dodonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russia.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Weixing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of, the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of, the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Alexandra A Skatova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russia
| | - Igor L Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russia
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of, the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of, the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
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14
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Desat ME, Kretschmer R. En Route to Bis-Carbene Analogues of the Heavier Group 13 Elements: Consideration of Bridging Group and Metal(I) Source. Chemistry 2018; 24:12397-12404. [PMID: 29897617 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of exploring the effect of steric constraints imposed on the metal-metal interaction of bis-carbene analogues of thallium by the linking scaffold, seven dinuclear thallium diyls with a series of rigid, semirigid, and flexible bridging scaffolds were synthesized. The solid-state molecular structures were determined for four of these compounds by single-crystal XRD and compared with the results of DFT calculations, which were performed for all substances. These compounds serve as models to investigate the metal-metal distance in the absence of co-coordinated molecules (additional ligands, solvent molecules). In addition, the effect of the metal(I) precursor, and more specifically the counterion, on the synthetic access to bis-carbene analogues of indium and thallium was investigated. For indium, only InI yields the desired dinuclear indium diyl. With InBr no reaction was observed, and using InCl gave rise to a mononuclear indium(III) compound. For thallium, both TlI and TlBr allow access to the related bis-carbene analogue, although the yield with the latter is significantly lower. In contrast, no reactions were observed with TlCl and TlBF4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella E Desat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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15
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Krüger J, Ganesamoorthy C, John L, Wölper C, Schulz S. A General Pathway for the Synthesis of Gallastibenes containing Ga=Sb Double Bonds. Chemistry 2018; 24:9157-9164. [PMID: 29665160 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE); Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE); Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Lukas John
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE); Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE); Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE); Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30 45141 Essen Germany
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16
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Bakewell C, White AJP, Crimmin MR. Reactions of Fluoroalkenes with an Aluminium(I) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6638-6642. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Bakewell
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
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17
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Bakewell C, White AJP, Crimmin MR. Reactions of Fluoroalkenes with an Aluminium(I) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Bakewell
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK
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18
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Tuscher L, Helling C, Wölper C, Frank W, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. A General Route to Metal-Substituted Dipnictenes of the Type [L(X)M] 2 E 2. Chemistry 2018; 24:3241-3250. [PMID: 29266416 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two equivalents of LGa (L=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 ) reacted with PX3 (X=Cl, Br) with insertion into two P-X bonds and formation of [L(X)Ga]2 PX (X=Cl 1, Br 2), whereas the analogous reaction with AsCl3 occurred with twofold insertion and subsequent elimination of LGaCl2 and formation of the Ga-substituted diarsene [L(Cl)Ga]2 As2 (3). Analogous findings were observed in the reactions with Me2 NAsCl2 , yielding the unsymmetrically-substituted diarsene [L(Cl)Ga]As=As[Ga(NMe2 )L] (4). The reaction of As(NMe2 )3 with LGa gave [L(Me2 N)Ga]2 As2 (5) after heating at 165 °C for five days, whereas the reaction with LAl gave [L(Me2 N)Al]2 As2 (6) after heating at only 80 °C for one day. Finally, two equivalents of LGa reacted with Bi(NEt2 )3 to give [L(Et2 N)Ga]2 Bi2 (7). Complexes 1-7 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1 H, 13 C, 31 P), elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (except for 1 and 5). The bonding situations in 4, 6, and 7 were analyzed by quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tuscher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Helling
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Walter Frank
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anton S Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
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19
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Sinhababu S, Kundu S, Paesch AN, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D, Roesky HW. A Route to Aluminumdiisocyanate and -diisothiocyanate from an Al(I) Precursor. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Sinhababu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Alexander N. Paesch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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20
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Ganesamoorthy C, Heimann S, Hölscher S, Haack R, Wölper C, Jansen G, Schulz S. Synthesis, structure and dispersion interactions in bis(1,8-naphthalendiyl)distibine. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:9227-9234. [PMID: 28678236 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02165h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Naph2Sb21 was synthesized by a reaction of 1,8-dilithionaphthalene NaphLi2 with SbCl3 and its solid state structure is reported on. 1 shows intermolecular interactions in the solid state, which were studied by quantum chemical calculations with dispersion corrected density functional theory, supermolecular ab initio approaches and symmetry adapted perturbation theory. The same methods were employed to compare the solid state interactions in the crystal of 1 to those in real (for E = P) and hypothetical (for E = As and Bi) crystal structures of Naph2E2. Dispersion interactions were found to provide the most important stabilising contribution in all cases, seconded by electrostatic attraction between pnictogen atoms and π-systems of neighbouring naphthyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ganesamoorthy
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen, Germany.
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21
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Tuscher L, Helling C, Ganesamoorthy C, Krüger J, Wölper C, Frank W, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Ga-Substituted Distibenes and Sb-Analogues of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane. Chemistry 2017; 23:12297-12304. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tuscher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Helling
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Walter Frank
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry; University of Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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22
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Ganesamoorthy C, Krüger J, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Reduction of [Cp*Sb] 4 with Subvalent Main-Group Metal Reductants: Syntheses and Structures of [(L 1 Mg) 4 (Sb 4 )] and [(L 2 Ga) 2 (Sb 4 )] Containing Edge-Missing Sb 4 Units. Chemistry 2017; 23:2461-2468. [PMID: 27921335 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
[Cp*Sb]4 (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacts with [L1 Mg]2 and L2 Ga with formation of [(L1 Mg)4 (μ4 ,η1:2:2:2 -Sb4 )] (L1 =iPr2 NC[N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 1) and [(L2 Ga)2 (μ,η2:2 -Sb4 )] (L2 =HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 2). The cleavage of the Sb-Sb and Sb-C bonds in [Cp*Sb]4 are the crucial steps in both reactions. The formation of 1 occurred by elimination of the Cp* anion and formation of Cp*MgL1 , while 2 was formed by reductive elimination of Cp*2 and oxidative addition of L2 Ga to the Sb4 unit. 1 and 2 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their bonding situation was studied by quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Anton S Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
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23
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Vránová I, Alonso M, Jambor R, Růžička A, Erben M, Dostál L. Stibinidene and Bismuthinidene as Two‐Electron Donors for Transition Metals (Co and Mn). Chemistry 2016; 22:7376-80. [PMID: 26994732 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Vránová
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
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24
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Stephan Schulz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Stephan Schulz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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26
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Ganesamoorthy C, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Magnesium-Substituted Polystibides [(LMg)4
Sb8
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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27
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Ganesamoorthy C, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Magnesium-Substituted Polystibides [(LMg)4
Sb8
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4204-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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28
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Kong L, Ganguly R, Li Y, Kinjo R. Serendipitous Observation of AlI
Insertion into a C−O Bond in L2
PhB (L=Oxazol-2-ylidene). Chemistry 2016; 22:1922-1925. [PMID: 26743893 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbing Kong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry (CBC); School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University (NTU); Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry (CBC); School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University (NTU); Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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29
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Ganesamoorthy C, Matthias M, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Lewis acid–base adducts of group 13 elements: synthesis, structure and reactivity toward benzaldehyde. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11437-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01688j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
[LGa-M(C6F5)3] (M = B 1, Al 2, Ga 3) reacts with benzaldehyde in different ways including the formation of the zwitterionic species [LGa(C6F5){CH(Ph)(OAl(C6F5)2)}] (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ganesamoorthy
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - M. Matthias
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - D. Bläser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - C. Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - S. Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
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30
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Vránová I, Alonso M, Lo R, Sedlák R, Jambor R, Růžička A, De Proft F, Hobza P, Dostál L. From Dibismuthenes to Three- and Two-Coordinated Bismuthinidenes by Fine Ligand Tuning: Evidence for Aromatic BiC3N Rings through a Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2015; 21:16917-28. [PMID: 26434943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Vránová
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10 (Czech Republic)
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels (Belgium).
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Department of Molecular Modelling, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ASCR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6 (Czech Republic)
| | - Robert Sedlák
- Department of Molecular Modelling, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ASCR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6 (Czech Republic)
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10 (Czech Republic)
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10 (Czech Republic)
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels (Belgium)
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Department of Molecular Modelling, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ASCR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6 (Czech Republic)
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10 (Czech Republic).
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31
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Tuscher L, Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthese und Festkörperstruktur eines Ga-substituierten Distibens und eines Sb-Analogons von Bicyclo[1.1.0]butan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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32
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Tuscher L, Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. A Gallium-Substituted Distibene and an Antimony-Analogue Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane: Synthesis and Solid-State Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10657-61. [PMID: 26248643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
RGa {R=HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2} reacts with Sb(NMe2)3 with insertion into the Sb-N bond and elimination of RGa(NMe2)2 (2), yielding the Ga-substituted distibene R(Me2N)GaSb=SbGa(NMe2 )R (1). Thermolysis of 1 proceeded with elimination of RGa and 2 and subsequent formation of the bicyclo[1.1.0]butane analogue [R(Me2N)Ga]2Sb4 (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tuscher
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Dieter Bläser
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany)
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117 Essen (Germany).
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33
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Ganesamoorthy C, Bläser D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthesis of Heterobimetallic Group 13 Compounds via Oxidative Addition Reaction of Gallanediyl LGa and InEt3. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dieter Bläser
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg−Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg−Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg−Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
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