1
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Qiu Q, Sun Z, Joubran D, Li X, Wan J, Schmidt-Rohr K, Han GGD. Optically Controlled Recovery and Recycling of Homogeneous Organocatalysts Enabled by Photoswitches. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300723. [PMID: 36688731 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We address a critical challenge of recovering and recycling homogeneous organocatalysts by designing photoswitchable catalyst structures that display a reversible solubility change in response to light. Initially insoluble catalysts are UV-switched to a soluble isomeric state, which catalyzes the reaction, then back-isomerizes to the insoluble state upon completion of the reaction to be filtered and recycled. The molecular design principles that allow for the drastic solubility change over 10 times between the isomeric states, 87 % recovery by the light-induced precipitation, and multiple rounds of catalyst recycling are revealed. This proof of concept will open up opportunities to develop highly recyclable homogeneous catalysts that are important for the synthesis of critical compounds in various industries, which is anticipated to significantly reduce environmental impact and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Zhenhuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Danielle Joubran
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Joshua Wan
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Klaus Schmidt-Rohr
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Grace G D Han
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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2
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Rocard L, Hannedouche J, Bogliotti N. Visible‐Light‐Initiated Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐coupling by PPh
3
Uncaging from an Azobenzene Ruthenium–Arene Complex. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200519. [PMID: 35543416 PMCID: PMC9400985 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Photo‐release of triphenylphosphine from a sulfonamide azobenzene ruthenium–arene complex was exploited to activate PdIICl2 into Pd0 catalyst, for the photo‐initiation of Sonogashira cross‐coupling. The transformation was initiated on demand – by using simple white LED strip lights – with a high temporal response and the ability to control reaction rate by changing the irradiation time. Various substrates were successfully applied to this photo‐initiated cross‐coupling, thus illustrating the wide functional‐group tolerance of our photo‐caged catalyst activator, without any need for sophisticated photochemistry apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Rocard
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Jérôme Hannedouche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO) 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Nicolas Bogliotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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3
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Tang Y, Luo Y, Xiang J, He Y, Fan Q. Rhodium‐Catalyzed ON‐OFF Switchable Hydrogenation Using a Molecular Shuttle Based on a [2]Rotaxane with a Phosphine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200638. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Ping Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Er Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jun‐Feng Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Mei He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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4
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Tang Y, Luo Y, Xiang J, He Y, Fan Q. Rhodium‐Catalyzed ON‐OFF Switchable Hydrogenation Using a Molecular Shuttle Based on a [2]Rotaxane with a Phosphine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Ping Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Er Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jun‐Feng Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Mei He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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5
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Villarón D, Duindam N, Wezenberg SJ. Push-Pull Stiff-Stilbene: Proton-Gated Visible-Light Photoswitching and Acid-Catalyzed Isomerization. Chemistry 2021; 27:17346-17350. [PMID: 34605565 PMCID: PMC9298359 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Donor‐acceptor substituted stiff‐stilbene is shown to undergo isomerization induced by visible light avoiding the need for harmful UV light. This visible‐light photoswitching is inhibited by protonation of the dimethylamino‐donor unit, disrupting the push‐pull character and thus, gating of the photochromic properties is allowed by acid/base addition. Remarkably, the addition of a mild acid also triggers fast thermal back‐isomerization, which is unprecedented for stiff‐stilbene photoswitches usually having a very high energy barrier for this process. These combined features offer unique orthogonal control over switching behavior by light and protonation, which is investigated in detail by 1H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. In addition, TD‐DFT calculations are used to gain further insight into the absorption properties. Our results will help elevating the level of control over dynamic behavior in stiff‐stilbene applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarón
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nol Duindam
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander J Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Bettens T, Hoffmann M, Alonso M, Geerlings P, Dreuw A, De Proft F. Mechanochemically Triggered Topology Changes in Expanded Porphyrins. Chemistry 2021; 27:3397-3406. [PMID: 33170967 PMCID: PMC7898923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A hitherto unexplored class of molecules for molecular force probe applications are expanded porphyrins. This work proves that mechanical force is an effective stimulus to trigger the interconversion between Hückel and Möbius topologies in [28]hexaphyrin, making these expanded porphyrins suitable to act as conformational mechanophores operating at mild (sub-1 nN) force conditions. A straightforward approach based on distance matrices is proposed for the selection of pulling scenarios that promote either the planar Hückel topology or the three lowest lying Möbius topologies. This approach is supported by quantum mechanochemical calculations. Force distribution analyses reveal that [28]hexaphyrin selectively allocates the external mechanical energy to molecular regions that trigger Hückel-Möbius interconversions, explaining why certain pulling scenarios favor the Hückel two-sided topology and others favor Möbius single-sided topologies. The meso-substitution pattern on [28]hexaphyrin determines whether the energy difference between the different topologies can be overcome by mechanical activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bettens
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)Pleinlaan 21050BrusselsBelgium
| | - Marvin Hoffmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific ComputingRuprecht-Karls UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)Pleinlaan 21050BrusselsBelgium
| | - Paul Geerlings
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)Pleinlaan 21050BrusselsBelgium
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific ComputingRuprecht-Karls UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)Pleinlaan 21050BrusselsBelgium
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7
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Krishnan BP, Xue L, Xiong X, Cui J. Photoinduced Strain-Assisted Synthesis of a Stiff-Stilbene Polymer by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Chemistry 2020; 26:14828-14832. [PMID: 32533881 PMCID: PMC7756494 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing a novel strategy to synthesize photoresponsive polymers is of significance owing to their potential applications. We report a photoinduced strain-assisted synthesis of main-chain stiff-stilbene polymers by using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), activating a macrocyclic π-bond connected to a stiff-stilbene photoswitch through a linker. Since the linker acts as an external constraint, the photoisomerization to the E-form leads to the stiff-stilbene being strained and thus reactive to ROMP. The photoisomerization of Z-form to E-form was investigated using time-dependent NMR studies and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The DFT calculation showed that the E-form was less stable due to a lack of planarity. By the internal strain developed due to the linker constraint through photoisomerization, the E-form underwent ROMP by a second generation Grubbs catalyst. In contrast, Z-form did not undergo polymerization under similar conditions. The MALDI-TOF spectrum of E-form after polymerization showed the presence of oligomers of >5.2 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiju P. Krishnan
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2Saarbrücken66123Germany
| | - Lulu Xue
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2Saarbrücken66123Germany
| | - Xinhong Xiong
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2Saarbrücken66123Germany
| | - Jiaxi Cui
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2Saarbrücken66123Germany
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
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8
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Medici F, Goual N, Delattre V, Voituriez A, Marinetti A. Photoswitchable phosphines in catalysis. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Medici
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Nawel Goual
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Vincent Delattre
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Angela Marinetti
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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9
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Villarón D, Wezenberg SJ. Stiff-Stilbene Photoswitches: From Fundamental Studies to Emergent Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13192-13202. [PMID: 32222016 PMCID: PMC7496324 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stiff-stilbene, a sterically restricted fused ring analogue of stilbene, has been regularly used as a model compound in theoretical studies of stilbene photoisomerization. Lately, owing to its excellent photoswitching properties, it is increasingly being applied to reversibly control the properties and function of chemical as well as biological systems. Stiff-stilbene photoswitches possess a number of advantageous properties including a high quantum yield for photoisomerization and a high thermal stability. Furthermore, they undergo a large geometrical change upon isomerization and their synthesis is straightforward. Herein, we provide an overview of the basic properties of stiff-stilbene and of recent applications in supramolecular chemistry, catalysis, and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarón
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 55, 2333CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 55, 2333CCLeidenThe Netherlands
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10
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Villarón D, Wezenberg SJ. Stiff‐Stilbene Photoswitches: From Fundamental Studies to Emergent Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Villarón
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
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11
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Abstract
Photoswitchable catalysis using organometallic complexes: a ligand design perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoraida Freixa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU)
- San Sebastián
- Spain
- IKERBASQUE
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12
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Dorel R, Feringa BL. Stereodivergent Anion Binding Catalysis with Molecular Motors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
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13
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Dorel R, Feringa BL. Stereodivergent Anion Binding Catalysis with Molecular Motors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:785-789. [PMID: 31736200 PMCID: PMC7004205 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A photoresponsive chiral catalyst based on an oligotriazole‐functionalized unidirectional molecular motor has been developed for stereodivergent anion binding catalysis. The motor function controls the helical chirality of supramolecular assemblies with chloride anions, which by means of chirality transfer enables the enantioselective addition of a silyl ketene acetal nucleophile to oxocarbenium cations. Reversal of stereoselectivity (up to 142 % Δee) was achieved through rotation of the motor core induced by photochemical and thermal isomerization steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Onneken C, Bussmann K, Gilmour R. Inversion externer asymmetrischer Induktion durch selektive Energietransfer‐Katalyse: Strategie zu β‐chiralen Phosphonat‐Antipoden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Onneken
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Kathrin Bussmann
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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15
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Onneken C, Bussmann K, Gilmour R. Inverting External Asymmetric Induction via Selective Energy Transfer Catalysis: A Strategy to β-Chiral Phosphonate Antipodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:330-334. [PMID: 31617957 PMCID: PMC6972697 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantiodivergent, catalytic reduction of activated alkenes relays stereochemical information encoded in the antipodal chiral catalysts to the pro‐chiral substrate. Although powerful, the strategy remains vulnerable to costs and availability of sourcing both catalyst enantiomers. Herein, a stereodivergent hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated phosphonates is disclosed using a single enantiomer of the catalyst. This enables generation of the R‐ or S‐configured β‐chiral phosphonate with equal and opposite selectivity. Enantiodivergence is regulated at the substrate level through the development of a facile E → Z isomerisation. This has been enabled for the first time by selective energy transfer catalysis using anthracene as an inexpensive organic photosensitiser. Synthetically valuable in its own right, this process enables subsequent RhI‐mediated stereospecific hydrogenation to generate both enantiomers of the product using only the S‐catalyst (up to 99:1 and 3:97 e.r.). This strategy out‐competes the selectivities observed with the E‐substrate and the R‐catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Onneken
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kathrin Bussmann
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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16
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Zhang S, Qian H, Liu Z, Ju H, Lu Z, Zhang H, Chi L, Cui S. Towards Unveiling the Exact Molecular Structure of Amorphous Red Phosphorus by Single‐Molecule Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1659-1663. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
| | - Hu‐jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
| | - Zhong‐yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
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17
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Zhang S, Qian H, Liu Z, Ju H, Lu Z, Zhang H, Chi L, Cui S. Towards Unveiling the Exact Molecular Structure of Amorphous Red Phosphorus by Single‐Molecule Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
| | - Hu‐jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
| | - Zhong‐yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesInstitute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, (Ministry of Education)Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China
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18
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Fernández-González MÁ, Rivero D, García-Iriepa C, Sampedro D, Frutos LM. Mechanochemical Tuning of Pyrene Absorption Spectrum Using Force Probes. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:727-736. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Rivero
- Química
Física, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Iriepa
- Química
Física, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Madre de Dios, 53, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Diego Sampedro
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Madre de Dios, 53, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Frutos
- Química
Física, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Vlatković M, Collins BSL, Feringa BL. Dynamic Responsive Systems for Catalytic Function. Chemistry 2016; 22:17080-17111. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matea Vlatković
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Unit; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; University of Groningen; Nijenborg 4 9747 Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice S. L. Collins
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Unit; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; University of Groningen; Nijenborg 4 9747 Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Unit; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; University of Groningen; Nijenborg 4 9747 Groningen The Netherlands
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20
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Zhang H, Gao F, Cao X, Li Y, Xu Y, Weng W, Boulatov R. Mechanochromism and Mechanical-Force-Triggered Cross-Linking from a Single Reactive Moiety Incorporated into Polymer Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yuanze Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Wengui Weng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering; Xiamen University; 422 South Siming Road Xiamen, Fujian 361005 P.R. China
| | - Roman Boulatov
- Department of Chemistry; University of Liverpool and Donnan Lab; G31, Crown St. Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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21
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Zhang H, Gao F, Cao X, Li Y, Xu Y, Weng W, Boulatov R. Mechanochromism and Mechanical-Force-Triggered Cross-Linking from a Single Reactive Moiety Incorporated into Polymer Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3040-4. [PMID: 26805709 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of small reactive moieties, the reactivity of which depends on externally imposed load (so-called mechanophores) into polymer chains offers access to a broad range of stress-responsive materials. Here, we report that polymers incorporating spirothiopyran (STP) manifest both green mechanochromism and load-induced addition reactions in solution and solid. Stretching a macromolecule containing colorless STP converts it into green thiomerocyanine (TMC), the mechanically activated thiolate moiety of which undergoes rapid thiol-ene click reactions with certain reactive C=C bonds to form a graft or a cross-link. The unique dual mechanochemical response of STP makes it of potentially great utility both for the design of new stress-responsive materials and for fundamental studies in polymer physics, for example, the dynamics of physical and mechanochemical remodeling of loaded materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Yuanze Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Wengui Weng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 South Siming Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R. China.
| | - Roman Boulatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool and Donnan Lab, G31, Crown St., Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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22
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Oliveira CC, Pfaltz A, Correia CRD. Quaternary Stereogenic Centers through Enantioselective Heck Arylation of Acyclic Olefins with Aryldiazonium Salts: Application in a Concise Synthesis of (
R
)‐Verapamil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caio C. Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Josué de Castro, 10384‐612, São Paulo (Brazil)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Andreas Pfaltz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
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23
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Oliveira CC, Pfaltz A, Correia CRD. Quaternary Stereogenic Centers through Enantioselective Heck Arylation of Acyclic Olefins with Aryldiazonium Salts: Application in a Concise Synthesis of (R)-Verapamil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14036-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Ishikawa D, Mori T, Yonamine Y, Nakanishi W, Cheung DL, Hill JP, Ariga K. Mechanochemical Tuning of the Binaphthyl Conformation at the Air-Water Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8988-91. [PMID: 26073773 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gradual and reversible tuning of the torsion angle of an amphiphilic chiral binaphthyl, from -90° to -80°, was achieved by application of a mechanical force to its molecular monolayer at the air-water interface. This 2D interface was an ideal location for mechanochemistry for molecular tuning and its experimental and theoretical analysis, since this lowered dimension enables high orientation of molecules and large variation in the area. A small mechanical energy (<1 kcal mol(-1) ) was applied to the monolayer, causing a large variation (>50 %) in the area of the monolayer and modification of binaphthyl conformation. Single-molecule simulations revealed that mechanical energy was converted proportionally to torsional energy. Molecular dynamics simulations of the monolayer indicated that the global average torsion angle of a monolayer was gradually shifted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ishikawa
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm.,CREST, JST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0075, Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Taizo Mori
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm.,CREST, JST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0075, Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Yusuke Yonamine
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm.,CREST, JST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0075, Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Waka Nakanishi
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm.
| | - David L Cheung
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow (UK). .,Present address: School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway (Ireland).
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm.,CREST, JST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0075, Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials, Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/super/HP/E_home.htm. .,CREST, JST, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0075, Tokyo (Japan).
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25
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Ishikawa D, Mori T, Yonamine Y, Nakanishi W, Cheung DL, Hill JP, Ariga K. Mechanochemical Tuning of the Binaphthyl Conformation at the Air-Water Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Li Y, Sheiko SS. Molecular Mechanochemistry: Engineering and Implications of Inherently Strained Architectures. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 369:1-36. [PMID: 25805145 DOI: 10.1007/128_2015_627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical activation of chemical bonds is usually achieved by applying external forces. However, nearly all molecules exhibit inherent strain of their chemical bonds and angles as a result of constraints imposed by covalent bonding and interactions with the surrounding environment. Particularly strong deformation of bonds and angles is observed in hyperbranched macromolecules caused by steric repulsion of densely grafted polymer branches. In addition to the tension amplification, macromolecular architecture allows for accurate control of strain distribution, which enables focusing of the internal mechanical tension to specific chemical bonds and angles. As such, chemically identical bonds in self-strained macromolecules become physically distinct because the difference in bond tension leads to the corresponding difference in the electronic structure and chemical reactivity of individual bonds within the same macromolecule. In this review, we outline different approaches to the design of strained macromolecules along with physical principles of tension management, including generation, amplification, and focusing of mechanical tension at specific chemical bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Sergei S Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA.
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