1
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Cui F, Li Q, Gao L, Ruan K, Ma K, Chen S, Lu Z, Fei J, Lin Y, Xia H. Condensed Osmaquinolines with NIR‐II Absorption Synthesized by Aryl C−H Annulation and Aromatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211734. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei‐Hu Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Le‐Han Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kaidong Ruan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kexin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jiawei Fei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Mei Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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2
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Huang F, Yan Z, Zheng X, Cai Y, Zhang H, Xia H. One‐Pot Synthesis of High‐Strained Metal Vinylidene and Metal Carbyne. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201229. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhewei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xuejuan Zheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yapeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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3
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Liu S, Zhang MX, Yang X, Zhang K, Yin J. Osmaindenes: Synthesis and Reversible Mechanochromism Characteristics. Chemistry 2021; 27:14645-14652. [PMID: 34350652 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel osmaindenes 1 - 6 bearing different substituents (CF 3 , H, I, Br, OCH 3 , N(Ph) 2 ) has been synthesized by nucleophilic reaction of water with the corresponding aromatic osmanaphthalyne complexes. All osmaindenes 1 - 6 have been characterized by elemental analysis (EA) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, although the low solubilities of 3 and 4 precluded the accumulation of their 13 C NMR spectra. Osmaindenes 2 , 3 and 5 have also been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Subsequently, through solid-state fluorescence spectroscopy, mechanochromic studies, and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, we found that osmaindenes 1 - 6 fluoresce at wavelengths in the range 500-800 nm, while also displaying reversible mechanochromic properties. The solid-state fluorescence emission of 1 after grinding extends into the near-infrared region. This research provides new insight into the design and synthesis of metallic materials with excellent mechanochromic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Liu
- Central China Normal University, college of chemistry, luoyu road 152, 430079, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Kunming Zhang
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Jun Yin
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
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4
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Huang Y, Dai C, Zhu J. Adaptive σ-Aromaticity in an Unsaturated Three-Membered Ring. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3444-3450. [PMID: 32856746 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Based on Hückel's and Baird's rules, species are aromatic either in the lowest singlet state (S0 ) or the lowest triplet state (T1 ) only. Thus, species with adaptive aromaticity (with aromaticity in both the S0 and T1 states) is particularly rare. On the other hand, σ-aromaticity in the T1 state has been underdeveloped, let alone adaptive σ-aromaticity. Herein, via various aromaticity indices including NICS, ACID and EDDB, we demonstrate adaptive σ-aromaticity in an unsaturated three-membered ring, which is a traditional area dominated by π-aromaticity. The origin of adaptive σ-aromaticity could be attributed to the excitation mode of the T1 state formed from out-of-plane π molecular orbital to the π* orbitals. Thus the σ-aromaticity of the three-membered ring in the S0 state could hold in the T1 state. Our findings extend the concept of adaptive σ-aromaticity into three-membered rings and could be useful to further develop the concept of both σ-aromaticity and adaptive aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Chenshu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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5
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Zhu Q, Lin L, Qiu R, Zhu J. Are Hetero-metallapentalenes Aromatic or Not? A DFT Investigation. Chemistry 2020; 26:5381-5387. [PMID: 31975467 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aromaticity is one of the most basic concepts in organic chemistry. The planar Möbius aromatic metallapentalynes and metallapentalenes have attracted considerable attention in the past few years. However, the aromaticity of metallapentalenes containing heteroatoms (such as B, N, and O), termed as hetero-metallapentalenes, is rarely studied. Herein, the stability and aromaticity of a series of hetero-metallapentalenes are theoretically investigated. The results reveal lower aromaticity in metallaborapentalene, comparable aromaticity in metallazapentalene, and nonaromaticity in metalloxapentalene relative to that of metallapentalene. Moreover, the effect of Lewis bases on the aromaticity and stability of metallaborapentalene is discussed. These results provide useful information for experimental chemists to realize more hetero-metallapentalenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Rulin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
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6
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Talavera M, von Hahmann CN, Müller R, Ahrens M, Kaupp M, Braun T. C−H and C−F Bond Activation Reactions of Fluorinated Propenes at Rhodium: Distinctive Reactivity of the Refrigerant HFO‐1234yf. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talavera
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Cortney N. von Hahmann
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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7
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Talavera M, von Hahmann CN, Müller R, Ahrens M, Kaupp M, Braun T. C-H and C-F Bond Activation Reactions of Fluorinated Propenes at Rhodium: Distinctive Reactivity of the Refrigerant HFO-1234yf. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10688-10692. [PMID: 31102565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [Rh(H)(PEt3 )3 ] (1) with the refrigerant HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) affords an efficient route to obtain [Rh(F)(PEt3 )3 ] (3) by C-F bond activation. Catalytic hydrodefluorinations were achieved in the presence of the silane HSiPh3 . In the presence of a fluorosilane, 3 provides a C-H bond activation followed by a 1,2-fluorine shift to produce [Rh{(E)-C(CF3 )=CHF}(PEt3 )3 ] (4). Similar rearrangements of HFO-1234yf were observed at [Rh(E)(PEt3 )3 ] [E=Bpin (6), C7 D7 (8), Me (9)]. The ability to favor C-H bond activation using 3 and fluorosilane is also demonstrated with 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. Studies are supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talavera
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cortney N von Hahmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Yeung C, Chung L, Ng S, Shek H, Tse S, Chan S, Tse M, Yiu S, Wong C. Phosphonium‐Ring‐Fused Bicyclic Metallafuran Complexes of Ruthenium and Osmium. Chemistry 2019; 25:9159-9163. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi‐Fung Yeung
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter WavesCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Lai‐Hon Chung
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Sze‐Wing Ng
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter WavesCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Hau‐Lam Shek
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Sheung‐Ying Tse
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Siu‐Chung Chan
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Man‐Kit Tse
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Shek‐Man Yiu
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
| | - Chun‐Yuen Wong
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter WavesCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P.R. China
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9
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Chu Z, He G, Cheng X, Deng Z, Chen J. Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclopropaosmanaphthalenes Containing a Fused σ-Aromatic Metallacyclopropene Unit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9174-9178. [PMID: 31056849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metalla-aromatics are important complexes that show unique properties owing to their highly conjugated systems, which show Hückel or Möbius aromaticity. Recently, several metalla-aromatics showing spiro-aromaticity or σ-aromaticity have been reported. Herein, we report the isolation of the first cyclopropametallanaphthalenes, in which the metallacyclopropene ring shows σ-aromaticity and weak hyperconjugative aromaticity. The reaction of OsCl2 (PPh3 )3 with o-ethynylphenyl alkynes in the presence of PPh3 followed by protonation with HCl yielded the first cyclopropametallanaphthalenes. The reaction mechanism and the aromaticity were also investigated by density functional theory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guomei He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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10
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Chu Z, He G, Cheng X, Deng Z, Chen J. Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclopropaosmanaphthalenes Containing a Fused σ‐Aromatic Metallacyclopropene Unit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Chu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Guomei He
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Deng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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11
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Zhu J. Rational Design of a Carbon‐Boron Frustrated Lewis Pair for Metal‐free Dinitrogen Activation. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1413-1417. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), andCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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12
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Xie Q, Sun T, Orozco‐Ic M, Barroso J, Zhao Y, Merino G, Zhu J. Probing Hyperconjugative Aromaticity of Monosubstituted Cyclopentadienes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Mesías Orozco‐Ic
- Departamento de FísicaAplicada, Centro de Investigación y de EstudiosAvanzadosUnidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, A.P. 73, Cordemex Mérida 97310 Mexico
| | - Jorge Barroso
- Departamento de FísicaAplicada, Centro de Investigación y de EstudiosAvanzadosUnidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, A.P. 73, Cordemex Mérida 97310 Mexico
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de FísicaAplicada, Centro de Investigación y de EstudiosAvanzadosUnidad Mérida, Km. 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, A.P. 73, Cordemex Mérida 97310 Mexico
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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13
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Zheng S, Chu Z, Lee K, Lin Q, Li Y, He G, Chen J, Jia G. Synthesis, Characterization and Electronic Structure of Dirhenadehyro[12]annulene Complexes. Chempluschem 2018; 84:85-91. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhenwei Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Ka‐Ho Lee
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Qin Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yucen Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Guomei He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of MaterialsXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
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14
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Wu J, Liu X, Hao Y, Chen H, Su P, Wu W, Zhu J. σ-Aromaticity in a Fully Unsaturated Ring. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3691-3696. [PMID: 30232840 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aromaticity is one of the most fundamental and fascinating chemical topics, attracting both experimental and theoretical chemists owing to its many manifestations. Both σ- and π-aromaticity can be classified depending on the character of the cyclic electron delocalization. In general, σ-aromaticity stabilizes fully saturated rings with σ-electron delocalization whereas the traditional π-aromaticity describes the π-conjugation in fully unsaturated rings. Here, we demonstrate a strong correlation between nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) values and extra cyclic resonance energies (ECREs), which are used to evaluate the σ-aromaticity in an unsaturated three-membered ring (3MR) of cyclopropene, which were computed by molecular orbital (MO) theory and valence bond (VB) theory, respectively. Further study shows that the fully unsaturated ring in methylenecyclopropene and its metallic analogy is σ-aromatic. Our findings revolutionize the fundamental knowledge of the concept of σ-aromaticity, thus opening an avenue to design σ-aromaticity in other fully unsaturated systems, which are traditionally reserved as the domain of π-aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yulei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hongjiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Peifeng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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15
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Hua Y, Lan Q, Fei J, Tang C, Lin J, Zha H, Chen S, Lu Y, Chen J, He X, Xia H. Metallapentalenofuran: Shifting Metallafuran Rings Promoted by Substituent Effects. Chemistry 2018; 24:14531-14538. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qing Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jiawei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jianfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hexukun Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yinghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xumin He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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16
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Lin Q, Li S, Lin J, Chen M, Lu Z, Tang C, Chen Z, He X, Chen J, Xia H. Synthesis and Characterization of Photothermal Osmium Carbolong Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:8375-8381. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Shenyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Meijin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Xumin He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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17
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Sun T, Xie Q, Zhao L, Zhu J. Probing the Most Aromatic and Antiaromatic Pyrrolium Rings by Maximizing Hyperconjugation and Push-Pull Effect. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1419-1423. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Qiong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 10084 P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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18
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Zhu C, Zhu J, Zhou X, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Wen TB, Xia H. Isolation of an Eleven-Atom Polydentate Carbon-Chain Chelate Obtained by Cycloaddition of a Cyclic Osmium Carbyne with an Alkyne. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ting Bin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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19
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Zhu C, Zhu J, Zhou X, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Wen TB, Xia H. Isolation of an Eleven-Atom Polydentate Carbon-Chain Chelate Obtained by Cycloaddition of a Cyclic Osmium Carbyne with an Alkyne. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3154-3157. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ting Bin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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20
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Abstract
Metallaaromatics can be broadly defined as aromatic compounds in which one of the ring atoms is a transition metal. The metallabenzenes are one important class of these compounds that has undergone extensive study recently. Closely related species such as fused-ring metallabenzenes, heterometallabenzenes, π-coordinated metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes have also attracted considerable attention. Although many metallaaromatics can be considered as metalla-analogues of classic organic aromatic compounds, this is not always the case. Recent seminal studies have shown that metallapentalenes and metallapentalynes, which are metalla-analogues of the anti-aromatic compounds pentalene and pentalyne, are in fact aromatic and highly stable. Very unusual spiro-metallaaromatic compounds have also recently been isolated. In this concepts article, key features of all these intriguing metallaaromatic compounds are discussed with reference to the structural, spectroscopic, reactivity and theoretical studies that have been undertaken. These compounds continue to generate much interest, not only because of the contributions they make to fundamental chemical understanding, but also because of the promise of possible practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Frogley
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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21
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Frogley BJ, Perera LC, Wright LJ. Syntheses of Amino-Substituted Iridabenzofurans and Subsequent Selective N-Functionalisation. Chemistry 2017; 24:4304-4309. [PMID: 29114951 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of amino-substituted fused-ring metallabenzenes, the cationic iridabenzofuran [Ir(C7 H4 O{NH2 -2}{OMe-7})(CO)(PPh3 )2 ][O3 SCF3 ] (5) and neutral analogue Ir(C7 H4 {NH2 -2}{OMe-7})Cl(PPh3 )2 (6), can be prepared by reduction of the corresponding nitro-substituted iridabenzofurans with zinc and concentrated hydrochloric acid. N-functionalised derivatives of 5 and 6 are formed through alkylation, sulfonylation or acylation. Thus, consecutive treatments with methyl triflate and base gives the corresponding trimethylammonium-substituted iridabenzofurans while sulfonamide derivatives are formed with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride. N-Acylation of 5 or 6 with acid chlorides, however, selectively form either amide or imide products depending on the charge on the metal and the steric size of the acid chloride. Cationic 5 gives amide substituted products regardless of the conditions whereas neutral 6 rapidly undergoes di-N-acylation with excess benzoyl chloride under mild conditions to give the imide-substituted product Ir(C7 H4 O{N[C(O)Ph]2 -2}{OMe-7})Cl(PPh3 )2 (13). Selective mono-acylation of 6 can be achieved with one equivalent of benzoyl chloride or with excess of the sterically congested pivaloyl chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Frogley
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lakshika C Perera
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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22
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Zhou X, Wu J, Hao Y, Zhu C, Zhuo Q, Xia H, Zhu J. Rational Design and Synthesis of Unsaturated Se-Containing Osmacycles with σ-Aromaticity. Chemistry 2017; 24:2389-2395. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yulei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Qingde Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
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23
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Zhu C, Wu J, Li S, Yang Y, Zhu J, Lu X, Xia H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Metallacyclic Framework with Three Fused Five-membered Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9067-9071. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shenyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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24
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Zhu C, Wu J, Li S, Yang Y, Zhu J, Lu X, Xia H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Metallacyclic Framework with Three Fused Five-membered Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shenyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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25
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García-Rodeja Y, Fernández I. Influence of the Transition-Metal Fragment on the Reactivity of Metallaanthracenes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6634-6642. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yago García-Rodeja
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
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26
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Lu Z, Zhu C, Cai Y, Zhu J, Hua Y, Chen Z, Chen J, Xia H. Metallapentalenofurans and Lactone-Fused Metallapentalynes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6426-6431. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yuanting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
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27
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Rouf AM, Wu J, Zhu J. Probing a General Rule towards Thermodynamic Stabilities of Mono BN-doped Lower Polyenes. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:605-614. [PMID: 28056165 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The BN-doped organic analogues are interesting as aliphatic amineboranes for hydrogen storage, precursors for aromatic borazines and adsorbent cage azaboranes. However, BN-doped aliphatic polyenes remained undeveloped. Herein, we perform theoretical calculations on two mono BN-doped aliphatic lower polyenes, 1,3-butadiene and 1,3,5-hexatriene. A general rule is proposed, i.e., isomers with terminal nitrogen and directly BN-connected, N-B(R), in particular, are of significant thermodynamic stability as compared with their inverse analogues (where boron is at the terminal position). The N-B(R) type isomers are found to be the most stable ones in both polyenes. Isomers with terminal B and N are of intermediate stability. Highly destabilized isomers are those with one terminal methylene group and one terminal heteroatom in the butadiene series, and two terminal methylene groups in the hexatriene series. Rules established here may lead researchers to synthesize isomers with particular thermodynamic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvi Muhammad Rouf
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam (New) Campus, Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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28
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Frogley BJ, Wright LJ. A Metallaanthracene and Derived Metallaanthraquinone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:143-147. [PMID: 27762094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Metalla-analogues of archetypal aromatic molecules are attracting ever increasing interest. Although metallabenzenes (which fall within this class) have been well studied, fused-ring metallabenzenes are rare and of the linear polycyclic metallaaromatic hydrocarbons, only metallanaphthalene is known. Herein we report the first metallaanthracene, [Ir(C13 H8 {CH2 CO2 Me-5})Cl(PPh3 )2 ]O3 SCF3 (5), which represents the next member of this series of polycyclic compounds. Structurally, 5 has a number of features in common with anthracene including fused-ring planarity and bond-length alternation. In analogues of classic reactions of anthracene, 5 forms a Diels-Alder adduct with maleic anhydride and on oxidation the unprecedented fused-ring metallaanthraquinone, [Ir(C15 H6 O{Br-6}{OMe-7}{=O-8}{=O-15})Br(PPh3 )2 ], is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Frogley
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Frogley
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand
| | - L. James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand
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30
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Batuecas M, Castro-Rodrigo R, Esteruelas MA, García-Yebra C, López AM, Oñate E. Aromatic Osmacyclopropenefuran Bicycles and Their Relevance for the Metal-Mediated Hydration of Functionalized Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Batuecas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ruth Castro-Rodrigo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Cristina García-Yebra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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Batuecas M, Castro-Rodrigo R, Esteruelas MA, García-Yebra C, López AM, Oñate E. Aromatic Osmacyclopropenefuran Bicycles and Their Relevance for the Metal-Mediated Hydration of Functionalized Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13749-13753. [PMID: 27701801 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic osmacyclopropenefuran bicycles [OsTp{κ3 -C1 ,C2 ,O-(C1 H2 C2 CHC(OEt)O)}(Pi Pr3 )]BF4 (Tp=hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate) and [OsH{κ3 -C1 ,C2 ,O-(C1 H2 C2 CHC(OEt)O)}(CO)(Pi Pr3 )2 ]BF4 , with the metal fragment in a common vertex between the fused three- and five-membered rings, have been prepared via the π-allene intermediates [OsTp(η2 -CH2 =CCHCO2 Et)(OCMe2 )(Pi Pr3 )]BF4 and [OsH(η2 -CH2 =CCHCO2 Et)(CO)(OH2 )(Pi Pr3 )2 ]BF4 , and their aromaticity analyzed by DFT calculations. The bicycle containing the [OsH(CO)(Pi Pr3 )2 ]+ metal fragment is a key intermediate in the [OsH(CO)(OH2 )2 (Pi Pr3 )2 ]BF4 -catalyzed regioselective anti-Markovnikov hydration of ethyl buta-2,3-dienoate to ethyl 4-hydroxycrotonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Batuecas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ruth Castro-Rodrigo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Yebra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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32
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33
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Chen J, Lee KH, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Synthesis and Characterization of Dirhenadehydro[12]annulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7194-8. [PMID: 27125726 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The 12-membered-ring metallacycles [mer-Re{≡CCH=C(R)C≡C-}Cl(PMe2 Ph)3 )]2 (R=CMe3 , 1-adamantyl), which are organometallic analogues of antiaromatic octadehydro[12]annulene, are prepared by heating the methyl carbyne complexes mer-Re{≡CCH=C(R)C≡CH}(CH3 )Cl(PMe2 Ph)3 . An intermolecular σ-bond metathesis between the Re-CH3 bond and the acetylenic C-H bond is proposed for their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ka-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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34
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Zhuo Q, Chen Z, Yang Y, Zhou X, Han F, Zhu J, Zhang H, Xia H. Synthesis of aromatic ruthenabenzothiophenes via C–H activation of thiophenes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:913-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04557f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The first ruthenabenzothiophenes have been achievedviathe C–H activation of thiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingde Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Feifei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
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Sun H, An K, Zhu J. Triplet State Aromaticity: NICS Criterion, Hyperconjugation, and Charge Effects. Chem Asian J 2015; 11:234-40. [PMID: 26507692 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aromaticity, one of the most important concepts in organic chemistry, has attracted considerable interest from both experimentalists and theoreticians. It remains unclear which NICS index is best to evaluate the triplet-state aromaticity. Here, we carry out thorough density functional theory (DFT) calculations to examine this issue. Our results indicate that among the various computationally available NICS indices, NICS(1)zz is the best for the triplet state. The correlations can be improved from 0.840 to 0.938 when only neutral species are considered, demonstrating the significant effect of the charge on the triplet-state aromaticity. In addition, calculations suggest that five-membered cyclic species with "hyperconjugative" aromaticity (and antiaromaticity) in the S0 state will become antiaromatic (and aromatic) in the T1 state, indicating an important role of hyperconjugation. Finally, a moderate correlation (r(2) =0.708) is identified between the NICS(1)zz values and spin distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ke An
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China.
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36
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Hao Y, Wu J, Zhu J. σ Aromaticity Dominates in the Unsaturated Three-Membered Ring of Cyclopropametallapentalenes from Groups 7-9: A DFT Study. Chemistry 2015; 21:18805-10. [PMID: 26559932 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aromaticity, an old but still fantastic topic, has long attracted considerable interest of chemists. Generally, π aromaticity is described by π-electron delocalization in closed circuits of unsaturated compounds whereas σ-electron delocalization in saturated rings leads to σ aromaticity. Interestingly, our recent study shows that σ aromaticity can be dominating in an unsaturated three-membered ring (3MR) of cyclopropaosmapentalene. An interesting question is raised: Can the σ aromaticity, which is dominant in the unsaturated 3MR, be extended to other cyclopropametallapentalenes? If so, how could the metal centers, ligands, and substituents affect the σ aromaticity? Here, we report a thorough theoretical study on these issues. The nucleus-independent chemical shift calculations and the anisotropy of the current-induced density plots reveal the dominant σ aromaticity in these unsaturated 3MRs. In addition, our calculations show that substituents on the 3MRs have significant effects on the σ aromaticity, whereas the ligand effect is particularly small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P. R. China) http://junzhu.chem8.org
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P. R. China) http://junzhu.chem8.org
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P. R. China) http://junzhu.chem8.org.
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37
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Wu J, Zhu J. The Clar Structure in Inorganic BN Analogues of Polybenzenoid Hydrocarbons: Does it Exist or Not? Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3806-13. [PMID: 26467786 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Clar structure of polybenzenoid hydrocarbons (PBHs) have attracted considerable interest of both theoretical and experimental chemists since it was proposed in the 1950s. However, it remains unclear whether the Clar structure could exist in inorganic PBHs, the boron nitride (BN) analogues where the alternate boron and nitrogen atoms are used to replace the carbon atoms of PBHs. Here, we carry out thorough density functional theory (DFT) calculations to probe the possibility of Clar structures in BN analogues of PBHs. A strong correlation (r(2) =0.975) between the ring number (n=3-10) of BN analogues of [n]acenes and energy differences between the most and least stable isomers is identified, suggesting the existence of Clar structures in inorganic PBHs. In addition, the slightly weaker correlations in comparison to that (r(2) =0.989) of the organic PBHs is rationalized by the reduced aromaticity, which is revealed by two aromatic indices: ELFπ and SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China.
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38
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Zhu C, Yang Y, Wu J, Luo M, Fan J, Zhu J, Xia H. Five-Membered Cyclic Metal Carbyne: Synthesis of Osmapentalynes by the Reactions of Osmapentalene with Allene, Alkyne, and Alkene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Zhu C, Yang Y, Wu J, Luo M, Fan J, Zhu J, Xia H. Five-membered cyclic metal carbyne: synthesis of osmapentalynes by the reactions of osmapentalene with allene, alkyne, and alkene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7189-92. [PMID: 25917530 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of small cyclic metal carbynes is challenging due to the large angle strain associated with the highly distorted nonlinear triple bonds. Herein, we report a general route for the synthesis of five-membered cyclic metal carbyne complexes, osmapentalynes, by the reactions of an osmapentalene derivative with allene, alkyne, and alkene. Experimental observations and theoretical calculations document the aromaticity in the fused five-membered rings of osmapentalynes. The realization of transforming osmapentalene to osmapentalyne through this general route would not only allow further exploration of metallapentalyne chemistry but also show promising applications of this novel aromatic system with broad absorption band and high molar absorption coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Ming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Jinglan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm.
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm.
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Zhu C, Yang Y, Luo M, Yang C, Wu J, Chen L, Liu G, Wen T, Zhu J, Xia H. Stabilizing Two Classical Antiaromatic Frameworks: Demonstration of Photoacoustic Imaging and the Photothermal Effect in Metalla-aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6181-5. [PMID: 25824395 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Antiaromatic species are substantially less thermodynamically stable than aromatic moieties. Herein, we report the stabilization of two classical antiaromatic frameworks, cyclobutadiene and pentalene, by introducing one metal fragment through the first [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of a late-transition-metal carbyne with alkynes. Experimental observations and theoretical calculations reveal that the metal fragment decreases the antiaromaticity in cyclobutadiene and pentalene simultaneously, leading to air- and moisture-stable products. These molecules show broad absorption from the UV to the near-IR region, resulting in photoacoustic and photothermal effects for metalla-aromatic compounds for the first time. These results will encourage further efforts into the exploration of organometallic compounds for photoacoustic-imaging-guided photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Ming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Caixia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 (China)
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Lina Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 (China)
| | - Tingbin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm.
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China) http://junzhu.chem8.org/ http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/group/hpxia/index.htm.
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Zhu C, Yang Y, Luo M, Yang C, Wu J, Chen L, Liu G, Wen T, Zhu J, Xia H. Stabilizing Two Classical Antiaromatic Frameworks: Demonstration of Photoacoustic Imaging and the Photothermal Effect in Metalla-aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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