1
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Koehne I, Pietschnig R. Synthesis of Geminal Bis‐ and Tetrakisphosphonate Ester Derivatives and Their Coordination Behavior Towards Ca(II) Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Koehne
- Universität Kassel: Universitat Kassel Institut für Chemie GERMANY
| | - Rudolf Pietschnig
- Universität Kassel Institut für Chemie Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40 34132 Kassel GERMANY
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2
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Müller F, Mix A, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Aggregation of Copper(I) and Silver(I) Chloride Phosphane Complexes Determined by Aryl‐Stacking and Weak Hydrogen Bonds in the Ligand Periphery. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Müller
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld CHE GERMANY
| | - Andreas Mix
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld CHE GERMANY
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3
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Bodach A, Ortmeyer J, Herrmann B, Felderhoff M. Amino−Organolithium Compounds and their Aggregation for the Synthesis of Amino−Organoaluminium Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bodach
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Jochen Ortmeyer
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Bastian Herrmann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Michael Felderhoff
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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4
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Dankert F, Richter R, Weigend F, Xie X, Balmer M, Hänisch C. Aufbau anorganischer Kronenether durch s‐Block‐Metall‐templatgesteuerte Si‐O‐Bindungsaktivierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Roman‐Malte Richter
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Markus Balmer
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Carsten Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
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5
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Dankert F, Richter R, Weigend F, Xie X, Balmer M, von Hänisch C. Construction of Inorganic Crown Ethers by s-Block-Metal-Templated Si-O Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10393-10401. [PMID: 33591587 PMCID: PMC8252370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the synthesis, structures, coordination ability, and mechanism of formation of silicon analogs of crown ethers. An oligomerization of 2 D2 (I) (2 Dn ,=(Me4 Si2 O)n ) was achieved by the reaction with GaI3 and MIx (M=Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr). In these reactions the metal cations serve as template and the anions (I- /[GaI4 ]- ) are required as nucleophiles. In case of MIx =LiI, [Li(2 D3 )GaI4 ] (1) is formed. In case of MIx =NaI, MgI2 , CaI2 , and SrI2 the compounds [M(2 D4 )(GaI4 )x ] (M=Mg2+ (3), Ca2+ (4), Sr2+ (5) are obtained. Furthermore the proton complex [H(2 D3 )][Ga2 I7 ] (6) was isolated and structurally characterized. All complexes were characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, DOSY experiments and, except for compound 3, also by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to compare the affinity of M+ to 2 Dn and other ligands and to shed light on the formation of larger rings from smaller ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Malte Richter
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Markus Balmer
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435032MarburgGermany
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6
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Gentner TX, Mulvey RE. Alkali-Metal Mediation: Diversity of Applications in Main-Group Organometallic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9247-9262. [PMID: 33017511 PMCID: PMC8247348 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Organolithium compounds have been at the forefront of synthetic chemistry for over a century, as they mediate the synthesis of myriads of compounds that are utilised worldwide in academic and industrial settings. For that reason, lithium has always been the most important alkali metal in organometallic chemistry. Today, that importance is being seriously challenged by sodium and potassium, as the alkali-metal mediation of organic reactions in general has started branching off in several new directions. Recent examples covering main-group homogeneous catalysis, stoichiometric organic synthesis, low-valent main-group metal chemistry, polymerization, and green chemistry are showcased in this Review. Since alkali-metal compounds are often not the end products of these applications, their roles are rarely given top billing. Thus, this Review has been written to alert the community to this rising unifying phenomenon of "alkali-metal mediation".
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas X. Gentner
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
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7
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Klett J. Structural Motifs of Alkali Metal Superbases in Non-coordinating Solvents. Chemistry 2021; 27:888-904. [PMID: 33165981 PMCID: PMC7839563 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lochmann-Schlosser superbases (LSB) are a standard reagent in synthetic chemistry to achieve an exchange of a proton on an organic framework with an alkali metal cation, which in turn can be replaced by a wide range of electrophilic groups. In standard examples, the deprotonating reagent consists of an equimolar mixture of n-butyllithium and potassium t-butoxide. However, the nature of the reactive species could not be pinned down either for this composition or for similar mixtures with comparable high reactivity. Despite the poor solubility and the fierce reactivity, some insights into this mixture were achieved by some indirect results, comparison with chemically related systems, or skillful deductions. Recent results, mainly based on new soluble compounds, delivered structural evidence. These new insights lead to advanced and more detailed conclusions about the interplay of the involved components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Klett
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische ChemieJohannes Gutenberg-Universität MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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8
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Gentner TX, Mulvey RE. Alkalimetall‐Mediatoren: Vielfältige Anwendungen in der metallorganischen Chemie der Hauptgruppenelemente. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas X. Gentner
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XL Großbritannien
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XL Großbritannien
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9
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Uzelac M, Mulvey RE. Trans-Metal-Trapping: Concealed Crossover Complexes En Route to Transmetallation? Chemistry 2018; 24:7786-7793. [PMID: 29603459 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defined as the transfer of ligands from one metal to another, transmetallation is a common reaction in organometallic chemistry. Its chemical celebrity stems from its role in important catalytic cycles of cross-coupling reactions such as those of Negishi, Sonogashira, Stille, or Suzuki. This article focuses on trans-metal-trapping (TMT), which could be construed as partially complete transmetallations. On mixing two distinct organometallic compounds, of for example lithium with aluminium or gallium, the two metals meet in a crossover co-complex, but the reaction ceases at that point and full transmetallation is not reached. Though in its infancy, trans-metal-trapping shows promise in transforming failed lithiations into successful lithiations and in stabilising sensitive carbanions through cooperative bimetallic effects making them more amenable to onward reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Uzelac
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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10
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Reiß F, Reiß M, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Baumann W, Arndt P, Rosenthal U, Beweries T. Visiting the Limits between a Highly Strained 1-Zirconacyclobuta-2,3-diene and Chemically Robust Dizirconacyclooctatetraene. Chemistry 2018; 24:5667-5674. [PMID: 29388730 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Melanie Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Perdita Arndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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11
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Bachmann S, Gernert B, Stalke D. Solution structures of alkali metal cyclopentadienides in THF estimated by ECC-DOSY NMR-spectroscopy (incl. software). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:12861-12864. [PMID: 27731871 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present the aggregational motifs of the widely used alkali-metal cyclopentadienides (CpLi, CpNa, CpK, CpRb, CpCs) in THF-d8 solution estimated by ECC-DOSY NMR spectroscopy. They form monomeric contact ion pairs (CIPs) in THF-d8 solution, whereas in NH3 solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIPs) are observed. The applicability of ECC-DOSY is further advanced by introducing ECC-MW estimation software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bachmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Björn Gernert
- Institut für Betriebssysteme und Rechnerverbund, TU Braunschweig, Mühlenpfordstraße 23, Braunschweig, D-38106, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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12
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Koehne I, Bachmann S, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. A Water-Containing Organopotassium Compound Based on Bis(4,6-tBu-benzoxazol-2-yl)methanide and Its Unexpected Stability to Hydrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15141-15145. [PMID: 28960682 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The bulky bis(4,6-tBu-benzoxazol-2-yl)methane ligand system enabled the synthesis of the water-containing organometallic potassium complex [(18-crown-6)K{(4,6-tBu-OCNC6 H2 )2 CH}⋅H2 O] (2), which is an unprecedented example of a water-stable reactive organopotassium compound. Furthermore, 2 is a rare example of a bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)methanide ligand displaying solely O-coordination to a metal ion. Compound 2 was fully characterized through its solid-state structure. Furthermore, its behavior in solution was investigated by NMR titration DOSY experiments. These revealed full protonation of the complex only after seven days and the addition of 114 equivalents of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Koehne
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Koehne I, Bachmann S, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Eine wasserhaltige Organokaliumverbindung basierend auf Bis(4,6-tert-
Butylbenzoxazol-2-yl)methanid und ihre unerwartete Hydrolysebeständigkeit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Koehne
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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14
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Kreyenschmidt AK, Bachmann S, Niklas T, Stalke D. Molecular Weight Estimation of Molecules Incorporating Heavier Elements from van-der-Waals Corrected ECC-DOSY. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Kreyenschmidt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen
| | - Thomas Niklas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen
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15
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Koehne I, Bachmann S, Niklas T, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. A Novel Bulky Heteroaromatic-Substituted Methanide Mimicking NacNac: Bis(4,6-tert-butylbenzoxazol-2-yl)methanide in s-Block Metal Coordination. Chemistry 2017; 23:13141-13149. [PMID: 28833616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A novel bulky bis(4,6-tBu-benzoxazol-2-yl)methane ligand was synthesized in a straightforward three-step synthesis. The corresponding complexes [Li{(4,6-tBu-NCOC6 H2 )2 CH}THF], [K{η5 -(4,6-tBu-NCOC6 H2 )2 CH}]∞ , and [MgCl{(4,6-tBu-NCOC6 H2 )2 CH}(THF)2 ] were obtained upon metalation with alkaline or alkaline-earth-metal reagents. Reduction of [MgCl{(4,6-tBu-NCOC6 H2 )2 CH}(THF)2 ] with potassium metal or KC8 led to the formation of the homoleptic compound [Mg{(4,6-tBu-NCOC6 H2 )2 CH}2 ]. All compounds were fully characterized. Their solid-state structures as well as their behavior in solution, which was analyzed with the help of advanced NMR spectroscopic techniques, are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Koehne
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Niklas
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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16
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Barozzino-Consiglio G, Hamdoun G, Fressigné C, Harrison-Marchand A, Maddaluno J, Oulyadi H. A Combined 1
H/6
Li NMR DOSY Strategy Finally Uncovers the Structure of Isopropyllithium in THF. Chemistry 2017; 23:12475-12479. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghanem Hamdoun
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Catherine Fressigné
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
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17
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Neufeld R, Michel R, Herbst-Irmer R, Schöne R, Stalke D. Introducing a Hydrogen-Bond Donor into a Weakly Nucleophilic Brønsted Base: Alkali Metal Hexamethyldisilazides (MHMDS, M=Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) with Ammonia. Chemistry 2016; 22:12340-6. [PMID: 27457218 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazide (MHMDSs) are one of the most utilised weakly nucleophilic Brønsted bases in synthetic chemistry and especially in natural product synthesis. Like lithium organics, they aggregate depending on the employed donor solvents. Thus, they show different reactivity and selectivity as a function of their aggregation and solvation state. To date, monomeric LiHMDS with monodentate donor bases was only characterised in solution. Since the first preparation of LiHMDS in 1959 by Wannagat and Niederprüm, all efforts to crystallise monomeric LiHMDS in the absence of chelating ligands failed. Herein, we present ammonia adducts of LiHMDS, NaHMDS, KHMDS, RbHMDS and CsHMDS with unprecedented aggregation motifs: 1) The hitherto missing monomeric key compound in the LiHMDS aggregation architectures. Monomeric crystal structures of trisolvated LiHMDS (1) and NaHMDS (2), showing unique intermolecular hydrogen bonds, 2) the unprecedented tetrasolvated KHMDS (3) and RbHMDS (4) dimers and 3) the disolvated CsHMDS (5) dimer with very close intermolecular Si-CH3 ⋅⋅⋅Cs s-block "agostic" interactions have been prepared and characterised by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Neufeld
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reent Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schöne
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Sinhababu S, Yadav D, Karwasara S, Sharma MK, Mukherjee G, Rajaraman G, Nagendran S. The Preparation of Complexes of Germanone from a Germanium μ-Oxo Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7742-6. [PMID: 27238633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Complexes of germanone containing formal Ge=O→M bonds (M=Zn, B, Ge, Sn) were isolated and characterized. The compounds were prepared through a novel synthetic route using a germanium μ-oxo dimer 3 as the starting material. This method circumvents the need to employ germanones to prepare complexes of germanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Sinhababu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Dhirendra Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Surendar Karwasara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Selvarajan Nagendran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India.
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19
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Neufeld R, Stalke D. Solution Structure of Turbo-Hauser Base TMPMgCl⋅LiCl in [D8]THF. Chemistry 2016; 22:12624-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Neufeld
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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20
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Sinhababu S, Yadav D, Karwasara S, Sharma MK, Mukherjee G, Rajaraman G, Nagendran S. The Preparation of Complexes of Germanone from a Germanium μ-Oxo Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Sinhababu
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Dhirendra Yadav
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Surendar Karwasara
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Selvarajan Nagendran
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
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21
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Schnegelsberg C, Bachmann S, Kolter M, Auth T, John M, Stalke D, Koszinowski K. Association and Dissociation of Grignard Reagents RMgCl and Their Turbo Variant RMgCl⋅LiCl. Chemistry 2016; 22:7752-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schnegelsberg
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Marlene Kolter
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Thomas Auth
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Michael John
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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22
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Bachmann S, Neufeld R, Dzemski M, Stalke D. New External Calibration Curves (ECCs) for the Estimation of Molecular Weights in Various Common NMR Solvents. Chemistry 2016; 22:8462-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bachmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Roman Neufeld
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Martin Dzemski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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23
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Neufeld R, Teuteberg TL, Herbst-Irmer R, Mata RA, Stalke D. Solution Structures of Hauser Base iPr2NMgCl and Turbo-Hauser Base iPr2NMgCl·LiCl in THF and the Influence of LiCl on the Schlenk-Equilibrium. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4796-806. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Neufeld
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten L. Teuteberg
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A. Mata
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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