1
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Patra S, Nandasana BN, Valsamidou V, Katayev D. Mechanochemistry Drives Alkene Difunctionalization via Radical Ligand Transfer and Electron Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402970. [PMID: 38829256 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A general and modular protocol is reported for olefin difunctionalization through mechanochemistry, facilitated by cooperative radical ligand transfer (RLT) and electron catalysis. Utilizing mechanochemical force and catalytic amounts of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO), ferric nitrate can leverage nitryl radicals, transfer nitrooxy-functional group via RLT, and mediate an electron catalysis cycle under room temperature. A diverse range of activated and unactivated alkenes exhibited chemo- and regioselective 1,2-nitronitrooxylation under solvent-free or solvent-less conditions, showcasing excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies indicated a significant impact of mechanochemistry and highlighted the radical nature of this nitrative difunctionalization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Bhargav N Nandasana
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Vasiliki Valsamidou
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
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2
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Ratnam S, Unone S, Janssen-Müller D. 2,2'-Biquinoline-Based Recyclable Electroauxiliaries for the Generation of Alkyl Radicals via C-C Bond Cleavage. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301685. [PMID: 37265104 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl radical precursors are essential for a wide variety of photocatalytic and 3d-metal-catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions. Neutral organic heterocycles as electroauxiliaries such as 4-alkyl Hantzsch esters have become reliable tools for alkyl radical formation. Here we show that 2,2'-biquinoline-derived alkyl-substituted dihydroquinolines act as competent radical precursors with the ability to form primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals. Hydroalkylation of benzalmalononitriles and N-Boc protected diazenes has been achieved through copper catalysis under mild conditions of 50 °C with good to very good yields of up to 85 %. Furthermore, the dihydroquinolines' reactivity towards a denitrative alkylation of nitroolefins such as β-nitrostyrene was discovered. Most importantly, the released biquinoline can be recycled, which greatly improves the overall atom-economy of these alkyl radical precursors in comparison to previous N-heterocyclic electroauxiliaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahilan Ratnam
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shreya Unone
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Janssen-Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Wu Z, Pratt DA. Radical approaches to C-S bonds. Nat Rev Chem 2023:10.1038/s41570-023-00505-x. [PMID: 37344618 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Organosulfur functionalities are ubiquitous in nature, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials and flavourants. Historically, these moieties were introduced almost exclusively using ionic chemistry; however, radical-based methods for the installation of sulfur-based functional groups have recently come to the fore. These radical methods have enabled their late-stage introduction into complex molecules, avoiding the need to preserve labile organosulfur moieties through multistep synthetic sequences. Here, we discuss homolytic C-S bond-forming processes, with a particular emphasis on radical substitution approaches to sulfide, disulfide and sulfinyl products, and the use of sulfur dioxide and its surrogates to build sulfonyl products. We also highlight the mechanistic considerations that we hope will guide further development of radical-based strategies compatible with the various organosulfur moieties that feature in modern chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek A Pratt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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4
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Fanini F, Luridiana A, Mazzarella D, Ilenia Alfano A, van der Heide P, Rincón JA, García-Losada P, Mateos C, Frederick MO, Nuño M, Noël T. Flow photochemical Giese reaction via silane-mediated activation of alkyl bromides. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Cheng YY, Hou HY, Liu Y, Yu JX, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. α-Acylation of Alkenes by a Single Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208831. [PMID: 36202761 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A direct strategy for the difunctionalization of alkenes, with acylation occurring at the more substituted alkene position, would be attractive for complex ketone synthesis. We report herein a reaction driven by a single photocatalyst that enables α-acylation in this way with the introduction of a fluoromethyl, alkyl, sulfonyl or thioether group at the β-position of the alkene with high chemo- and regioselectivity under extremely mild conditions. Crucial to the success of this method are rate differences in the kinetics of radical generation through single-electron transfer (SET) between different radical precursors and the excited photocatalyst (PC*). Thus, the β-position of the alkene is first occupied by the group derived from the radical precursor that can be generated most readily, and α-keto acids could be used as an electrophilic reagent for the α-acylation of alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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6
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Zhang H, Liang S, Wei D, Xu K, Zeng C. Electrocatalytic Generation of Acyl Radicals and Their Applications. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Beijing University of Technology 100 Pingleyuan Rd. 100124 Beijing China
| | - Sen Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry Beijing Technology and Business University 100048 Beijing China
| | - Dengchao Wei
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Beijing University of Technology 100 Pingleyuan Rd. 100124 Beijing China
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Beijing University of Technology 100 Pingleyuan Rd. 100124 Beijing China
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Beijing University of Technology 100 Pingleyuan Rd. 100124 Beijing China
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7
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Sugawara M, Sawamura M, Akakabe M, Ramadoss B, Sohtome Y, Sodeoka M. Pd-catalyzed Aerobic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Catechols with 2-Oxindoles and Benzofuranones: Reactivity Difference Between Monomer and Dimer. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200807. [PMID: 36062560 PMCID: PMC9825984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals, which are generated from 2-oxindole or benzofuranone dimers, are useful tools for designing the radical-based cross-coupling reaction to provide molecules containing a quaternary carbon. The persistent radical is accessible from both the dimer and monomer; however, the reactivity difference between these substrates for the oxidative cross-coupling reaction is not fully understood, most likely because of the mechanistic complexity. Here, we present details of an aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction using various monomers and catechols. UV-Vis analysis and mechanistic control experiments showed that the monomer is less reactive than the dimer under aerobic conditions. Our Pd(II)-BINAP-μ-hydroxo complex significantly improved the reactivity of the monomers for the aerobic CDC reaction with catechols, yielding results comparable to those of the corresponding dimer. The procedure, which enables the generation of the persistent radical in situ, is particularly useful when employing the monomer that is not readily converted to the corresponding dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Sugawara
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan
| | - Miki Sawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
| | - Mai Akakabe
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Boobalan Ramadoss
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Yoshihiro Sohtome
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
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8
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Gao P, Jiang J, Maeda S, Kubota K, Ito H. Mechanochemically Generated Calcium‐Based Heavy Grignard Reagents and Their Application to Carbon–Carbon Bond‐Forming Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207118. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Julong Jiang
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Koji Kubota
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
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9
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Enantioselective Three‐Component Photochemical 1,4‐Bisalkylation of 1,3‐Butadiene with Pd/Cu Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208411. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300071 China
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10
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Marotta A, Adams CE, Molloy JJ. The Impact of Boron Hybridisation on Photocatalytic Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207067. [PMID: 35748797 PMCID: PMC9544826 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently the fruitful merger of organoboron chemistry and photocatalysis has come to the forefront of organic synthesis, resulting in the development of new technologies to access complex (non)borylated frameworks. Central to the success of this combination is control of boron hybridisation. Contingent on the photoactivation mode, boron as its neutral planar form or tetrahedral boronate can be used to regulate reactivity. This Minireview highlights the current state of the art in photocatalytic processes utilising organoboron compounds, paying particular attention to the role of boron hybridisation for the target transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marotta
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Callum E. Adams
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - John J. Molloy
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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11
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Breitwieser K, Bahmann H, Weiss R, Munz D. Gauging Radical Stabilization with Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206390. [PMID: 35796423 PMCID: PMC9545232 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbenes, including N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, are used extensively to stabilize open‐shell transition metal complexes and organic radicals. Yet, it remains unknown, which carbene stabilizes a radical well and, thus, how to design radical‐stabilizing C‐donor ligands. With the large variety of C‐donor ligands experimentally investigated and their electronic properties established, we report herein their radical‐stabilizing effect. We show that radical stabilization can be understood by a captodative frontier orbital description involving π‐donation to‐ and π‐donation from the carbenes. This picture sheds a new perspective on NHC chemistry, where π‐donor effects usually are assumed to be negligible. Further, it allows for the intuitive prediction of the thermodynamic stability of covalent radicals of main group‐ and transition metal carbene complexes, and the quantification of redox non‐innocence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Breitwieser
- Coordination Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Hilke Bahmann
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Saarland University Campus B2.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Robert Weiss
- Organische Chemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg Henkestr. 42 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Coordination Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Inorganic and General Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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12
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Babu MH, Sim J. Radical‐Mediated C‐H Alkylation of Glycine Derivatives: A Straightforward Strategy for Diverse α‐Unnatural Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madala Hari Babu
- Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-guW6 College of Pharmacy 34134 Daejeon KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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13
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Gruber K, Csitkovits V, Łyskowski A, Kratky C, Kräutler B. Structure-Based Demystification of Radical Catalysis by a Coenzyme B 12 Dependent Enzyme-Crystallographic Study of Glutamate Mutase with Cofactor Homologues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208295. [PMID: 35793207 PMCID: PMC9545868 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Catalysis by radical enzymes dependent on coenzyme B12 (AdoCbl) relies on the reactive primary 5'-deoxy-5'adenosyl radical, which originates from reversible Co-C bond homolysis of AdoCbl. This bond homolysis is accelerated roughly 1012 -fold upon binding the enzyme substrate. The structural basis for this activation is still strikingly enigmatic. As revealed here, a displaced firm adenosine binding cavity in substrate-loaded glutamate mutase (GM) causes a structural misfit for intact AdoCbl that is relieved by the homolytic Co-C bond cleavage. Strategically interacting adjacent adenosine- and substrate-binding protein cavities provide a tight caged radical reaction space, controlling the entire radical path. The GM active site is perfectly structured for promoting radical catalysis, including "negative catalysis", a paradigm for AdoCbl-dependent mutases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Gruber
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
- BioTechMed-Graz8010GrazAustria
- Field of Excellence “BioHealth”University of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Csitkovits
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
| | - Andrzej Łyskowski
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
- Present address: Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsRzeszów University of Technologyal. Powstańców Warszawy 1235-959RzeszówPoland
| | - Christoph Kratky
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
| | - Bernhard Kräutler
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnrain 80/826020InnsbruckAustria
- Center of Molecular Biosciences (CMBI)University of Innsbruck6020InnsbruckAustria
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14
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Guan Z, Zhu S, Ye Y, Li X, Liu Y, Wang P, Zhang H, Huang Z, Lei A. Synthesis of Cyclopentene Derivatives via Electrochemically Induced Intermolecular Selective (3+2) Annulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207059. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Guan
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Shuxiang Zhu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yayu Ye
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Huang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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15
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Gruber K, Csitkovits V, Łyskowski A, Kratky C, Kräutler B. Structure-Based Demystification of Radical Catalysis by a Coenzyme B 12 Dependent Enzyme-Crystallographic Study of Glutamate Mutase with Cofactor Homologues. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202208295. [PMID: 38505740 PMCID: PMC10947579 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Catalysis by radical enzymes dependent on coenzyme B12 (AdoCbl) relies on the reactive primary 5'-deoxy-5'adenosyl radical, which originates from reversible Co-C bond homolysis of AdoCbl. This bond homolysis is accelerated roughly 1012-fold upon binding the enzyme substrate. The structural basis for this activation is still strikingly enigmatic. As revealed here, a displaced firm adenosine binding cavity in substrate-loaded glutamate mutase (GM) causes a structural misfit for intact AdoCbl that is relieved by the homolytic Co-C bond cleavage. Strategically interacting adjacent adenosine- and substrate-binding protein cavities provide a tight caged radical reaction space, controlling the entire radical path. The GM active site is perfectly structured for promoting radical catalysis, including "negative catalysis", a paradigm for AdoCbl-dependent mutases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Gruber
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
- BioTechMed-Graz8010GrazAustria
- Field of Excellence “BioHealth”University of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Csitkovits
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
| | - Andrzej Łyskowski
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
- Present address: Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsRzeszów University of Technologyal. Powstańców Warszawy 1235-959RzeszówPoland
| | - Christoph Kratky
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazHumboldtstraße 508010GrazAustria
| | - Bernhard Kräutler
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnrain 80/826020InnsbruckAustria
- Center of Molecular Biosciences (CMBI)University of Innsbruck6020InnsbruckAustria
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16
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Morrill C, Gillespie JE, Phipps RJ. An Aminative Rearrangement of O-(Arenesulfonyl)hydroxylamines: Facile Access to ortho-Sulfonyl Anilines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204025. [PMID: 35703005 PMCID: PMC9546328 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ortho‐sulfonyl anilines are important building blocks for a range of applications. We report the discovery of an aromatic rearrangement reaction of O‐(arenesulfonyl)hydroxylamines which leads directly to ortho‐sulfonyl anilines through formation of a new C−N bond with excellent levels of regiocontrol for the ortho position(s) over all others. We establish that the rearrangement is proceeding through an intermolecular mechanism and propose that the regiocontrol observed is the result of attractive non‐covalent interactions occurring during the C−N bond‐forming step. Importantly, this method is complementary to classical aniline sulfonation in terms of the variously substituted regioisomers that can be obtained and it is also applicable to O‐(benzylsulfonyl) hydroxylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Morrill
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - James E Gillespie
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Robert J Phipps
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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17
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Luo ZT, Fan JH, Xiong BQ, Liu Y, Huang PF. Visible‐Light‐Induced Acylation/Arylation of Alkenes via Aryl Migration/Desulfonylation. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Tao Luo
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jian-Hong Fan
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yu Liu
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Peng-Fei Huang
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
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18
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Xie D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu Z, Niu D. Alkyl/Glycosyl Sulfoxides as Radical Precursors and Their Use in the Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204922. [PMID: 35641436 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report here the use of simple and readily available alkyl sulfoxides as precursors to radicals and their application in the preparation of pyridine derivatives. We show that alkyl sulfoxides, N-methoxy pyridinium salts and fluoride anions form electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes in solution, which, upon visible light irradiation, undergo a radical chain process to afford various pyridine derivatives smoothly. This reaction displays broad scope with respect to both sulfoxides and N-methoxy pyridiniums. The synthetic versatility of sulfoxides as a handle in chemistry adds to their power as radical precursors. Glycosyl sulfoxides are converted to the corresponding pyridyl C-glycosides with high stereoselectivities. Computational and experimental studies provide insights into the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xie
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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19
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Gao P, Jiang J, Maeda S, Kubota K, Ito H. Mechanochemically Generated Calcium‐Based Heavy Grignard Reagents and Their Application to Carbon−Carbon Bond‐Forming Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Hokkaido University: Hokkaido Daigaku Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery JAPAN
| | - Julong Jiang
- Hokkaido University: Hokkaido Daigaku Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Hokkaido University: Hokkaido Daigaku Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Koji Kubota
- Hokkaido University: Hokkaido Daigaku Division of Applied Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Hajime Ito
- Hokkaido University Division of Applied Chemistry Kita-13 Nishi-8Kita-ku 060-8628 Sapporo JAPAN
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20
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Guan Z, Zhu S, Ye Y, Li X, Liu Y, Wang P, Zhang H, Huang Z, Lei A. Synthesis of Cyclopentene Derivatives via Electrochemical‐Induced Intermolecular Selective (3+2) Annulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Guan
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Shuxiang Zhu
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Yayu Ye
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Xiangwei Li
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Yanlong Liu
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Heng Zhang
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Zhiliang Huang
- Wuhan University The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences CHINA
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Wuhan University Chemistry the college of chemistry and molecular Sciences 430072 Wuhan CHINA
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21
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Breitwieser K, Bahmann H, Weiss R, Munz D. Gauging Radical Stabilization with Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Breitwieser
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Coordination Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Hilke Bahmann
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Theoretical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Robert Weiss
- FAU Erlangen Nuremberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Dominik Munz
- Universitat des Saarlandes Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Campus C 4.1 66123 Saarbrücken GERMANY
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22
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Enantioselective Three‐Component Photochemical 1,4‐Bisalkylation of 1,3‐Butadiene with Pd/Cu Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Chemistry Department of Nankai University 94 Weijin Rd. 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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23
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Marotta A, Adams CE, Molloy J. The Impact of Boron Hybridisation on Photocatalytic Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marotta
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung biomolecular systems GERMANY
| | - Callum E. Adams
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung biomolecular systems department GERMANY
| | - John Molloy
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung Biomolecular Sytems Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam GERMANY
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24
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Xie D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu Z, Niu D. Alkyl/Glycosyl Sulfoxides as Radical Precursors and Their Use in the Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xie
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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25
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Morrill C, Gillespie JE, Phipps RJ. An Aminative Rearrangement of O‐(Arenesulfonyl)hydroxylamines: Facile Access to ortho‐Sulfonyl Anilines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Morrill
- University of Cambridge Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - James E Gillespie
- University of Cambridge Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Robert J Phipps
- University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UNITED KINGDOM
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26
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Hilche T, Younas SL, Gansäuer A, Streuff J. A Guide to Low‐Valent Titanocene Complexes as Tunable Single‐Electron Transfer Catalysts for Applications in Organic Chemistry. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hilche
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 53121 Bonn GERMANY
| | - Sara L. Younas
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg Institut für Organische Chemie Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau GERMANY
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 53121 Bonn GERMANY
| | - Jan Streuff
- Uppsala Universitet Department of Chemistry - BMC Husargatan 3 752 37 Uppsala SWEDEN
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27
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Cabrera-Afonso MJ, Granados A, Molander GA. Sustainable Thioetherification via Electron Donor-Acceptor Photoactivation Using Thianthrenium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202706. [PMID: 35294095 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of sulfides has been widely studied because this functional subunit is prevalent in biomolecules and pharmaceuticals, as well as being a useful synthetic platform for further elaboration. Thus, various methods to build C-S bonds have been developed, but typically they require the use of precious metals or harsh conditions. Electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex photoactivation strategies have emerged as versatile and sustainable ways to achieve C-S bond formation, avoiding challenges associated with previous methods. This work describes an open-to-air, photoinduced, site-selective C-H thioetherification from readily available reagents via EDA complex formation that tolerates a wide range of different functional groups. Moreover, C(sp2 )-halogen bonds remain intact using this protocol, allowing late-stage installation of the sulfide motif in various bioactive scaffolds, while allowing yet further modification through more traditional C-X bond cleavage protocols. Additionally, various mechanistic investigations support the envisioned EDA complex scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Cabrera-Afonso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Albert Granados
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Gary A Molander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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28
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Guo F, Wang H, Ye X, Tan CH. Advanced Synthesis Using Photocatalysis Involved Dual Catalytic System. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Guo
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science CHINA
| | - Hong Wang
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science CHINA
| | - Xinyi Ye
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science 18 Chaowang Road 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences SINGAPORE
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29
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Sunagatullina AS, Lutter FH, Knochel P. Preparation of Primary and Secondary Dialkylmagnesiums by a Radical I/Mg‐Exchange Reaction Using
s
Bu
2
Mg in Toluene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116625. [PMID: 35044040 PMCID: PMC9302629 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of primary or secondary alkyl iodides with sBu2Mg in toluene (25–40 °C, 2–4 h) provided dialkylmagnesiums that underwent various reactions with aldehydes, ketones, acid chlorides or allylic bromides. 3‐Substituted secondary cyclohexyl iodides led to all‐cis‐3‐cyclohexylmagnesium reagents under these exchange conditions in a highly stereoconvergent manner. Enantiomerically enriched 3‐silyloxy‐substituted secondary alkyl iodides gave after an exchange reaction with sBu2Mg stereodefined dialkylmagnesiums that after quenching with various electrophiles furnished various 1,3‐stereodefined products including homo‐aldol products (99 % dr and 98 % ee). Mechanistic studies confirmed a radical pathway for these new iodine/magnesium‐exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa S. Sunagatullina
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Ferdinand H. Lutter
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
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30
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Cabrera-Afonso MJ, Granados A, Molander G. Sustainable Thioetherification via Electron Donor‐Acceptor Photoactivation using Thianthrenium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert Granados
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Gary Molander
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry 231 South 34th Street 19104-6323 Philadelphia UNITED STATES
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31
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Sunagatullina AS, Lutter FH, Knochel P. Herstellung von primären und sekundären Dialkylmagnesiumverbindungen durch eine radikalische I/Mg‐Austauschreaktion mit
s
Bu
2
Mg in Toluol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa S. Sunagatullina
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
| | - Ferdinand H. Lutter
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
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32
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Xia L, Wu Y, Lin C, Gao F, Shen L. Palladium‐Catalyzed Selective Hydroamination of Aliphatic Alkenes with Hydrazides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 P. R. China
| | - Yundan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 P. R. China
| | - Cong Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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33
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Sang S, Unruh T, Demeshko S, Domenianni LI, van Leest NP, Marquetand P, Schneck F, Würtele C, de Zwart FJ, de Bruin B, González L, Vöhringer P, Schneider S. Photo-Initiated Cobalt-Catalyzed Radical Olefin Hydrogenation. Chemistry 2021; 27:16978-16989. [PMID: 34156122 PMCID: PMC9292329 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Outer‐sphere radical hydrogenation of olefins proceeds via stepwise hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from transition metal hydride species to the substrate. Typical catalysts exhibit M−H bonds that are either too weak to efficiently activate H2 or too strong to reduce unactivated olefins. This contribution evaluates an alternative approach, that starts from a square‐planar cobalt(II) hydride complex. Photoactivation results in Co−H bond homolysis. The three‐coordinate cobalt(I) photoproduct binds H2 to give a dihydrogen complex, which is a strong hydrogen atom donor, enabling the stepwise hydrogenation of both styrenes and unactivated aliphatic olefins with H2 via HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sier Sang
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis I Domenianni
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicolaas P van Leest
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp Marquetand
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Schneck
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix J de Zwart
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Vöhringer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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34
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Witzel S, Hoffmann M, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Hashmi ASK. A Radical Chain: Mononuclear “Gold Only” Photocatalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Witzel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marvin Hoffmann
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR) Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 205A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR) Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 205A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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35
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Kim R, Kwon K, Lee HY. A Free Radical Cyclization Catalyzed by Ruthenium Hydride Species. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3909-3913. [PMID: 34637182 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A photolytically generated ruthenium hydride species catalyzing a free radical cyclization reaction was developed. As the new methodology ensures reproducibility of the free radical reaction of trialkyltin hydrides and a fast hydrogen transfer to the radical intermediates, the methodology provides fast quenching of radical intermediates and thus suppresses rearrangement of radical intermediates before the hydride quench. By offering new reactivity and selectivity to the trialkyltin hydride mediated free radical cyclization reactions, the methodology will find wide range of applications in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rira Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), 134141, 291 Daehak Ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kuktae Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), 134141, 291 Daehak Ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee-Yoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), 134141, 291 Daehak Ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Korea
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36
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Sun Z, Huang H, Wang Q, Deng G. Bromo Radical‐Mediated Photoredox Aldehyde Decarbonylation towards Transition‐Metal‐Free Hydroalkylation of Acrylamides at Room Temperature. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 People's Republic of China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 People's Republic of China
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37
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Keum H, Jung H, Jeong J, Kim D, Chang S. Visible‐Light Induced C(sp
2
)−H Amidation with an Aryl–Alkyl σ‐Bond Relocation via Redox‐Neutral Radical–Polar Crossover. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyun Keum
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hoimin Jung
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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38
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Keum H, Jung H, Jeong J, Kim D, Chang S. Visible-Light Induced C(sp 2 )-H Amidation with an Aryl-Alkyl σ-Bond Relocation via Redox-Neutral Radical-Polar Crossover. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25235-25240. [PMID: 34558167 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We report an approach for the intramolecular C(sp2 )-H amidation of N-acyloxyamides under photoredox conditions to produce δ-benzolactams with an aryl-alkyl σ-bond relocation. Computational studies on the designed reductive single electron transfer strategy led us to identify N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl] group as the most effective amidyl radical precursor. Upon the formation of an azaspirocyclic radical intermediate by the selective ipso-addition with outcompeting an ortho-attack, radical-polar crossover was then rationalized to lead to the rearomative ring-expansion with preferential C-C bond migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyun Keum
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoimin Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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39
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Zheng M, Gao K, Qin H, Li G, Lu H. Metal-to-Ligand Ratio-Dependent Chemodivergent Asymmetric Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22892-22899. [PMID: 34405932 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemodivergent asymmetric synthesis was achieved by tuning the metal-to-ligand ratio in an organometallic catalytic system. Using N-(aroyloxy)phthalimide as the precursor of either an oxygen-centered aroyloxy radical or a nitrogen-centered phthalimidyl radical, enantioselective oxocyanation or aminocyanation of alkenes was achieved separately through a dual photoredox and copper catalysis. The metal-to-ligand ratio can exert chemoselective control while retaining the high enantiopurity of divergent products. Both reactions proceed efficiently with catalyst loading as low as 0.2 mol % and can be performed on a gram scale without loss of chemoselectivity or enantioselectivity. Chemodivergent asymmetric 1,5-aminocyanation or 1,5-oxocyanation of vinylcyclopropane can also be realized by this protocol. Mechanistic investigations involving electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments were performed to shed light on the stereochemical and chemodivergent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Haitao Qin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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40
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Zheng M, Gao K, Qin H, Li G, Lu H. Metal‐to‐Ligand Ratio‐Dependent Chemodivergent Asymmetric Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Ke Gao
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Haitao Qin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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41
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Sushmita, Aggarwal T, Saini KM, Verma AK. Radical Promoted Synthesis of Furoquinolines
via
Anomalous Dakin‐Type Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Trapti Aggarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Kapil Mohan Saini
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
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42
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Gant Kanegusuku AL, Roizen JL. Recent Advances in Photoredox-Mediated Radical Conjugate Addition Reactions: An Expanding Toolkit for the Giese Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21116-21149. [PMID: 33629454 PMCID: PMC8382814 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photomediated Giese reactions are at the forefront of radical chemistry, much like the classical tin-mediated Giese reactions were nearly forty years ago. With the global recognition of organometallic photocatalysts for the mild and tunable generation of carbon-centered radicals, chemists have developed a torrent of strategies to form previously inaccessible radical intermediates that are capable of engaging in intermolecular conjugate addition reactions. This Review summarizes advances in photoredox-mediated Giese reactions since 2013, with a focus on the breadth of methods that provide access to crucial carbon-centered radical intermediates that can engage in radical conjugate addition processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, NC, 27708-0354, USA
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43
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Zhou C, Lv J, Xu W, Lu H, Kato T, Liu Y, Maruoka K. Highly Selective Monoalkylation of Active Methylene and Related Derivatives using Alkylsilyl Peroxides by a Catalytic CuI‐DMAP System. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canhua Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Weiping Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Hanbin Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Terumasa Kato
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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44
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Matsumoto A, Shiozaki Y, Sakurai S, Maruoka K. Synthesis of Functionalized Aliphatic Acid Esters via the Generation of Alkyl Radicals from Silylperoxyacetals. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2431-2434. [PMID: 34278735 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a catalytic method for the synthesis of a variety of functionalized aliphatic acid esters using silylperoxyacetals, which are versatile alkyl radical precursors with a terminal ester moiety. In the presence of an appropriate transition-metal catalyst, the in situ generation of alkyl radicals and the subsequent bond-forming process proceeds smoothly to afford synthetically valuable aliphatic acid derivatives. The present method can be applied to the efficient synthesis of a pharmaceutically important 1,1-diarylalkane motif. In addition, a novel strategy for the synthesis of structurally diverse hydroxy acid derivatives via a C-O bond formation process that utilizes TEMPO has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoko Shiozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunya Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan.,School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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45
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Correia JTM, Santos MS, Pissinati EF, da Silva GP, Paixão MW. Recent Advances on Photoinduced Cascade Strategies for the Synthesis of N-Heterocycles. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2666-2687. [PMID: 34288377 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, visible-light photocatalysis has proved to be a powerful tool for the construction of N-heterocyclic frameworks, important constituents of natural products, insecticides, pharmacologically relevant therapeutic agents and catalysts. This account highlights recent developments and established methods towards the photocatalytic cascades for preparation of different classes of N-heterocycles, giving emphasis on our contribution to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Tiago M Correia
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil -, 13565-905
| | - Marilia S Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil -, 13565-905
| | - Emanuele F Pissinati
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil -, 13565-905
| | - Gustavo P da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil -, 13565-905
| | - Márcio W Paixão
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil -, 13565-905
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46
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Gant Kanegusuku AL, Roizen JL. Recent Advances in Photoredox‐Mediated Radical Conjugate Addition Reactions: An Expanding Toolkit for the Giese Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L. Roizen
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Box 90346 Durham NC 27708-0354 USA
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47
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Kisukuri CM, Fernandes VA, Delgado JAC, Häring AP, Paixão MW, Waldvogel SR. Electrochemical Installation of CFH 2 -, CF 2 H-, CF 3 -, and Perfluoroalkyl Groups into Small Organic Molecules. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2502-2525. [PMID: 34151507 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis can be considered a powerful and sustainable methodology for the synthesis of small organic molecules. Due to its intrinsic ability to generate highly reactive species under mild conditions by anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction, electrosynthesis is particularly interesting for otherwise challenging transformations. One such challenge is the installation of fluorinated alkyl groups, which has gained significant attention in medicinal chemistry and material science due to their unique physicochemical features. Unsurprisingly, several electrochemical fluoroalkylation methods have been established. In this review, we survey recent developments and established methods in the field of electrochemical mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylation, and perfluoroalkylation of small organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila M Kisukuri
- Center of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, -13565-905
| | - Vitor A Fernandes
- Center of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, -13565-905
| | - José A C Delgado
- Center of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, -13565-905
| | - Andreas P Häring
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Márcio W Paixão
- Center of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, -13565-905
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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48
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Dahiya A, Patel BK. The Rich Legacy and Bright Future of Transition-Metal Catalyzed Peroxide Based Radical Reactions. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3589-3612. [PMID: 34137502 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This personal account is mainly focused on the author's involvement in the field of transition metal-catalyzed peroxide based radical reactions. Over the past decades, radical chemistry has flourished and become crucial in contemporary synthetic organic chemistry. Owing to the presence of a single electron in one orbital, radicals are very unstable and react very fast. To carry out desired transformations and to control the side reactions the stabilizations of these radicals is essential. Fortunately, the implementation of a suitable transition metal and peroxide combination into the radical reactions have proved beneficial. Transition metals not only stabilizes the radicals but also protects them from being quenched by undesired homo-coupling or fragmentation. Transition metal-catalyzed radical-radical reactions provide an innovative way for the construction and derivatization of carbocycles and heterocycles. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the construction and derivatization of heterocycles through the lens of radical chemistry, mainly focusing on research work done by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Guwahati, India
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Guwahati, India
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49
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Xin Z, Wang H, He H, Zhao X, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Norzoanthamine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12807-12812. [PMID: 33822444 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the asymmetric total synthesis of norzoanthamine using radical reactions as key steps for rapid access to the congested carbocyclic core, which is the major synthetic challenge for most zoanthamine alkaloids. (1) The Ueno-Stork radical cyclization was applied to construct the adjacent quaternary centers at the C-9 and C-22 positions; (2) a Co-catalyzed HAT radical reaction was successfully applied to construct the quaternary center at C-12 via Csp3 -Csp2 bond formation; (3) a Mn-catalyzed HAT radical reaction was used to stereospecifically reduce the tetra-substituted olefin (C13=C18) and install the contiguous stereocenters in proximity to the quaternary center. A one-pot bio-inspired cyclization step was finally applied to forge the unstable bis-amino acetal skeleton. Our approach can precisely control the stereochemistry of seven vicinal stereocenters and effectively construct the highly congested heptacyclic skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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50
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Xin Z, Wang H, He H, Zhao X, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Norzoanthamine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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