1
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Mazzarella D, Qi C, Vanzella M, Sartorel A, Pelosi G, Dell'Amico L. Electrochemical Asymmetric Radical Functionalization of Aldehydes Enabled by a Redox Shuttle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401361. [PMID: 38623693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Aminocatalysis is a well-established tool that enables the production of enantioenriched compounds under mild conditions. Its versatility is underscored by its seamless integration with various synthetic approaches. While the combination of aminocatalysis with metal catalysis, photochemistry, and stoichiometric oxidants has been extensively explored, its synergy with electrochemical activation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we present the successful merger of electrochemistry and aminocatalysis to perform SOMO-type transformations, expanding the toolkit for asymmetric electrochemical synthesis. The methodology harnesses electricity to drive the oxidation of catalytically generated enamines, which ultimately partake in enantioselective radical processes, leading to α-alkylated aldehydes. Crucially, mechanistic studies highlight how this electrochemical strategy is enabled by the use of a redox shuttle, 4,4'-dimethoxybiphenyl, to prevent catalyst degradation and furnishing the coveted compounds in good yield and high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mazzarella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Chun Qi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Vanzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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2
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Li Y, Yang J, Geng X, Tao P, Shen Y, Su Z, Zheng K. Modular Construction of Unnatural α‐Tertiary Amino Acid Derivatives by Multicomponent Radical Cross‐Couplings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210755. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Geng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Pan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Yanling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
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3
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Corti V, Bartolomei B, Mamone M, Gentile G, Prato M, Filippini G. Amine-Rich Carbon Dots as Novel Nano-Aminocatalytic Platforms in Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2022; 2022:e202200879. [PMID: 36632560 PMCID: PMC9826489 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel and effective metal-free catalytic systems, which can drive value-added organic transformations in environmentally benign solvents (for instance, water), is highly desirable. Moreover, these new catalysts need to be harmless, easy-to-prepare, and potentially recyclable. In this context, amine-rich carbon dots (CDs) have recently emerged as promising nano-catalytic platforms. These nitrogen-doped nanoparticles, which show dimensions smaller than 10 nm, generally consist of carbon cores that are surrounded by shells containing numerous amino groups. In recent years, organic chemists have used these surface amines to guide the design of several synthetic methodologies under mild operative conditions. This Concept highlights the recent advances in the synthesis of amine-rich carbon dots and their applications in organic catalysis, including forward-looking opportunities within this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Beatrice Bartolomei
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Martina Mamone
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Giuseppe Gentile
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 19420014Donostia San SebastiánSpain
- Basque Fdn SciIkerbasque48013BilbaoSpain
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
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4
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Del Vecchio A, Sinibaldi A, Nori V, Giorgianni G, Di Carmine G, Pesciaioli F. Synergistic Strategies in Aminocatalysis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200818. [PMID: 35666172 PMCID: PMC9539941 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic catalysis offers the unique possibility of simultaneous activation of both the nucleophile and the electrophile in a reaction. A requirement for this strategy is the stability of the active species towards the reaction conditions and the two concerted catalytic cycles. Since the beginning of the century, aminocatalysis has been established as a platform for the stereoselective activation of carbonyl compounds through HOMO-raising or LUMO-lowering. The burgeoning era of aminocatalysis has been driven by a deep understanding of these activation and stereoinduction modes, thanks to the introduction of versatile and privileged chiral amines. The aim of this review is to cover recent developments in synergistic strategies involving aminocatalysis in combination with organo-, metal-, photo-, and electro-catalysis, focusing on the evolution of privileged aminocatalysts architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Vecchio
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studidell'Aquilavia Vetoio67100L'AquilaItaly
| | - Arianna Sinibaldi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studidell'Aquilavia Vetoio67100L'AquilaItaly
| | - Valeria Nori
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studidell'Aquilavia Vetoio67100L'AquilaItaly
| | - Giuliana Giorgianni
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studidell'Aquilavia Vetoio67100L'AquilaItaly
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences Università degli Studi di FerraraVia Fossato di Mortara 1744121FerraraItaly
| | - Fabio Pesciaioli
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studidell'Aquilavia Vetoio67100L'AquilaItaly
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5
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Krištofíková D, Modrocká V, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. Green Asymmetric Organocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2828-2858. [PMID: 32141177 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis is becoming one of the main tools for the synthesis of chiral compounds that are needed as medicines, crop protection agents, and other bioactive molecules. It can be effectively combined with various green chemistry methodologies. Intensification techniques, such as ball milling, flow, high pressure, or light, bring not only higher yields, faster reactions, and easier product isolation, but also new reactivities. More sustainable reaction media, such as ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, green solvent alternatives, and water, also considerably enhance the sustainability profile of many organocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktória Modrocká
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Corcoran EB, McMullen JP, Lévesque F, Wismer MK, Naber JR. Photon Equivalents as a Parameter for Scaling Photoredox Reactions in Flow: Translation of Photocatalytic C−N Cross‐Coupling from Lab Scale to Multikilogram Scale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Corcoran
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | | | - François Lévesque
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA
| | - Michael K. Wismer
- Scientific Engineering & Design Merck & Co., Inc. Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - John R. Naber
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA
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7
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Corcoran EB, McMullen JP, Lévesque F, Wismer MK, Naber JR. Photon Equivalents as a Parameter for Scaling Photoredox Reactions in Flow: Translation of Photocatalytic C−N Cross‐Coupling from Lab Scale to Multikilogram Scale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11964-11968. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Corcoran
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | | | - François Lévesque
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA
| | - Michael K. Wismer
- Scientific Engineering & Design Merck & Co., Inc. Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - John R. Naber
- Process Research & Development Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA
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8
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Yajima T, Murase M, Ofuji Y. Visible Light-Induced Radical Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Unactivated Olefins Cooperatively Catalyzed by Enamines and Amines. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; 2-1-1 Otuska, Bunkyo-ku 112-8610 Tokyo Japan
| | - Mao Murase
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; 2-1-1 Otuska, Bunkyo-ku 112-8610 Tokyo Japan
| | - Yu Ofuji
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; 2-1-1 Otuska, Bunkyo-ku 112-8610 Tokyo Japan
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9
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Chen Y. Advances in the Synthesis of Methylated Products through Indirect Approaches. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Chen
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early DevelopmentCardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
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10
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Wu J, Grant PS, Li X, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Catalyst-Free Deaminative Functionalizations of Primary Amines by Photoinduced Single-Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5697-5701. [PMID: 30794331 PMCID: PMC6492299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of pyridinium-activated primary amines as photoactive functional groups for deaminative generation of alkyl radicals under catalyst-free conditions is described. By taking advantage of the visible light absorptivity of electron donor-acceptor complexes between Katritzky pyridinium salts and either Hantzsch ester or Et3 N, photoinduced single-electron transfer could be initiated in the absence of a photocatalyst. This general reactivity platform has been applied to deaminative alkylation (Giese), allylation, vinylation, alkynylation, thioetherification, and hydrodeamination reactions. The mild conditions are amenable to a diverse range of primary and secondary alkyl pyridiniums and demonstrate broad functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Phillip S. Grant
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Xiabing Li
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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11
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Buzzetti L, Crisenza GEM, Melchiorre P. Mechanistic Studies in Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3730-3747. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Buzzetti
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Giacomo E. M. Crisenza
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistry Via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
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12
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Wu J, Grant PS, Li X, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Catalyst‐Free Deaminative Functionalizations of Primary Amines by Photoinduced Single‐Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Phillip S. Grant
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Xiabing Li
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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13
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Buzzetti L, Crisenza GEM, Melchiorre P. Mechanistische Studien in der Photokatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Buzzetti
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spanien
| | - Giacomo E. M. Crisenza
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spanien
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spanien
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spanien
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistry Via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
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14
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Paderes MC, Siau WY, Rong Z, Zhao Y. Catalytic and Enantioselective Direct α-Alkylation of 3-Aryl and 3-Alkyl Oxindole Using Quinine-Derived Urea Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monissa C. Paderes
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science 3 Drive Singapore 117543
- Institute of Chemistry; University of the Philippines, Diliman; Quezon City Philippines 1101
| | - Woon Yew Siau
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science 3 Drive Singapore 117543
| | - Ziqiang Rong
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science 3 Drive Singapore 117543
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science 3 Drive Singapore 117543
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15
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Cuadros S, Melchiorre P. Organocatalytic Strategies to Stereoselectively Trap Photochemically Generated Hydroxy-o
-quinodimethanes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuadros
- ICIQ - Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 - 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICIQ - Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 - 43007 Tarragona Spain
- ICREA - Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 - 08010 Barcelona Spain
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16
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Silvi M, Schrof R, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Enantiospecific Three-Component Alkylation of Furan and Indole. Chemistry 2018; 24:4279-4282. [PMID: 29411914 PMCID: PMC5900874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Furan‐ and indole‐derived boronate complexes react with alkyl iodides under radical (photoredox) or polar (SN2) conditions to generate three‐component alkylation products with high efficiency and complete stereospecificity. The methodology allows the incorporation of versatile functional groups such as nitriles, ketones, esters, sulfones, and amides, providing rapid access to complex chiral heteroaromatic molecules in enantioenriched form. Interestingly, while indolyl boronate complexes react directly with alkyl halides in a polar pathway, furyl boronates require photoredox catalysis. Careful mechanistic analysis revealed that the boronate complex not only serves as a substrate in the reaction but also acts as a reductive quencher for the excited state of the photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Silvi
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Raffael Schrof
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol, United Kingdom
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17
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Naesborg L, Corti V, Leth LA, Poulsen PH, Jørgensen KA. Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidative γ-Coupling of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with Air as the Terminal Oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1606-1610. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Line Naesborg
- Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; 8000 Aarhus Denmark
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18
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Naesborg L, Corti V, Leth LA, Poulsen PH, Jørgensen KA. Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidative γ-Coupling of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with Air as the Terminal Oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Line Naesborg
- Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; 8000 Aarhus Denmark
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19
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Buzzetti L, Prieto A, Roy SR, Melchiorre P. Radical-Based C-C Bond-Forming Processes Enabled by the Photoexcitation of 4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15039-15043. [PMID: 28984403 PMCID: PMC5698711 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report herein that 4‐alkyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines (alkyl‐DHPs) can directly reach an electronically excited state upon light absorption and trigger the generation of C(sp3)‐centered radicals without the need for an external photocatalyst. Selective excitation with a violet‐light‐emitting diode turns alkyl‐DHPs into strong reducing agents that can activate reagents through single‐electron transfer manifolds while undergoing homolytic cleavage to generate radicals. We used this photochemical dual‐reactivity profile to trigger radical‐based carbon–carbon bond‐forming processes, including nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Buzzetti
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alexis Prieto
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sudipta Raha Roy
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.,ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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20
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Buzzetti L, Prieto A, Roy SR, Melchiorre P. Radical-Based C−C Bond-Forming Processes Enabled by the Photoexcitation of 4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Buzzetti
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Alexis Prieto
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Sudipta Raha Roy
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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21
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Nagib DA. Catalytic Desymmetrization by C-H Functionalization as a Solution to the Chiral Methyl Problem. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7354-7356. [PMID: 28452400 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Breaking the mirror (plane): A palladium-catalyzed desymmetrization strategy via β C-H activation provides an alternate approach for solving the age-old challenge of introducing an α-methyl stereocenter to a molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Nagib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Nagib DA. Katalytische Desymmetrisierung durch C-H-Funktionalisierung: eine Lösung für das Problem der stereogenen Methylgruppe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Nagib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 USA
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