1
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Burkart L, Eith A, Hoffmann A, Herres-Pawlis S. Open Loop Recycling - Guanidine Iron(II) Polymerization Catalyst for the Depolymerization of Polylactide. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201195. [PMID: 36577118 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A previously reported non-toxic guanidine-iron catalyst active in the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of polylactide (PLA) under industrially relevant conditions was evaluated for its activity in the alcoholysis and aminolysis of PLA under mild conditions. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined for the methanolysis of PLA with [FeCl2 (TMG5NMe2 asme)] (C1) using 1 H NMR spectroscopy. A comparison with the Zn analog of C1 showed that the metal center has a large impact on the activity for the alcoholysis. Further, the influence of different nucleophiles was tested broadening the scope of products from PLA waste. C1 is the first discrete metal catalyst reported to be active in the selective aminolysis of PLA. Catalyst recycling, scale-up experiments and solvent-free alcoholysis were conducted successfully strengthening the industrial relevance and highlighting aspects of green chemistry. Moreover, the selective depolymerization of PLA in polymer blends was successful. C1 is a promising catalyst for a circular (bio)plastics economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Burkart
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Eith
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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2
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Hador R, Shuster M, Venditto V, Kol M. Stereogradient Poly(Lactic Acid) from meso-Lactide/L-Lactide Mixtures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207652. [PMID: 35789524 PMCID: PMC9796763 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The production of L-lactide from L-lactic acid involves a substantial formation of meso-lactide as an impurity, and, upon polymerization with the industrial catalyst tin octanoate, results in poly(L-lactic acid) of reduced crystallinity due to stereoerrors randomly distributed along the polymer chains. We describe a new approach wherein, instead of avoiding stereoerrors by removing the meso-lactide prior to polymerization, the stereoerrors in the polymer are tolerated, by crowding them in a stereogradient copolymer. A zirconium complex of an amine tris(phenolate) ligand is found to exhibit very high syndioselectivity in the ring opening polymerization catalysis of meso-lactide at room temperature, and gives rise to stereogradient copolymers in the polymerization of mixtures of meso-lactide/L-lactide in the melt at 180 °C. Relative to the stereo-random copolymers obtained with tin octanoate, the stereogradient copolymers exhibit enhanced crystallinities manifested in lower solubilities and higher melting temperatures and enthalpies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Hador
- School of ChemistryTel Aviv UniversityRamat AvivTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | | | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli, and INSTM Research UnitUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084Fisciano (SA)Italy
| | - Moshe Kol
- School of ChemistryTel Aviv UniversityRamat AvivTel Aviv6997801Israel
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3
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204531. [PMID: 35582840 PMCID: PMC9541399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical recycling of poly(L‐lactic acid) to the cyclic monomer L‐lactide is hampered by low selectivity and by epimerization and elimination reactions, impeding its use on a large scale. The high number of side reactions originates from the high ceiling temperature (Tc) of L‐lactide, which necessitates high temperatures or multistep reactions to achieve recycling to L‐lactide. To circumvent this issue, we utilized the impact of solvent interactions on the monomer–polymer equilibrium to decrease the Tc of L‐lactide. Analyzing the observed Tc in different solvents in relation to their Hildebrand solubility parameter revealed a “like recycles like” relationship. The decreased Tc, obtained by selecting solvents that interact strongly with the monomer (dimethyl formamide or the green solvent γ‐valerolactone), allowed chemical recycling of high‐molecular‐weight poly(L‐lactic acid) directly to L‐lactide, within 1–4 h at 140 °C, with >95 % conversion and 98–99 % selectivity. Recycled L‐lactide was isolated and repolymerized with high control over molecular weight and dispersity, closing the polymer loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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4
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Kol M, Hador R, Shuster M, Venditto V. Stereogradient Poly(Lactic Acid) from meso‐Lactide / L‐Lactide Mixtures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Kol
- Tel Aviv University School of Chemistry Ramat Aviv 69978 Tel Aviv ISRAEL
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5
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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6
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Payne J, Jones MD. The Chemical Recycling of Polyesters for a Circular Plastics Economy: Challenges and Emerging Opportunities. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4041-4070. [PMID: 33826253 PMCID: PMC8518041 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Whilst plastics have played an instrumental role in human development, growing environmental concerns have led to increasing public scrutiny and demands for outright bans. This has stimulated considerable research into renewable alternatives, and more recently, the development of alternative waste management strategies. Herein, the aim was to highlight recent developments in the catalytic chemical recycling of two commercial polyesters, namely poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The concept of chemical recycling is first introduced, and associated opportunities/challenges are discussed within the context of the governing depolymerisation thermodynamics. Chemical recycling methods for PLA and PET are then discussed, with a particular focus on upcycling and the use of metal-based catalysts. Finally, the attention shifts to the emergence of new materials with the potential to modernise the plastics economy. Emerging opportunities and challenges are discussed within the context of industrial feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Payne
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesUniversity of Bath Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Matthew D. Jones
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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7
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Faveere WH, Van Praet S, Vermeeren B, Dumoleijn KNR, Moonen K, Taarning E, Sels BF. Toward Replacing Ethylene Oxide in a Sustainable World: Glycolaldehyde as a Bio‐Based C
2
Platform Molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William H. Faveere
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Praet
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | - Benjamin Vermeeren
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Heverlee Belgium
| | | | - Kristof Moonen
- Eastman Chemical Company Pantserschipstraat 207 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Bert F. Sels
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Heverlee Belgium
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8
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Faveere WH, Van Praet S, Vermeeren B, Dumoleijn KNR, Moonen K, Taarning E, Sels BF. Toward Replacing Ethylene Oxide in a Sustainable World: Glycolaldehyde as a Bio-Based C 2 Platform Molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:12204-12223. [PMID: 32833281 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fossil-based platform molecules such as ethylene and ethylene oxide currently serve as the primary feedstock for the C2 -based chemical industry. However, in the search for a more sustainable chemical industry, fossil-based resources may preferentially be replaced by renewable alternatives, provided there is realistic economic feasibility. This Review compares and critically discusses several production routes toward bio-based structural analogues of ethylene oxide and the required adaptations for their implementation in state-of-the-art C2 -based chemical processes. For example, glycolaldehyde, a structural analogue obtainable from carbohydrates by atom-economic retro-aldol reactions, may replace ethylene oxide's leading role. This alternative chemical route may not only allow the carbon footprint of conventional chemicals production to be lowered, but the introduction of a bio-based pathway may also contribute to safer production processes. Where possible, challenges, drawbacks, and prospects are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Faveere
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Praet
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Vermeeren
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kim N R Dumoleijn
- Eastman Chemical Company, Pantserschipstraat 207, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Moonen
- Eastman Chemical Company, Pantserschipstraat 207, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esben Taarning
- Haldor Topsøe A/S, Nymøllevej 55, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bert F Sels
- Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
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9
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Alberti C, Enthaler S. Depolymerization of End‐of‐Life Poly(lactide) to Lactide via Zinc‐Catalysis. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Alberti
- Universität Hamburg Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 D-20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Stephan Enthaler
- Universität Hamburg Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 D-20146 Hamburg Germany
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10
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Alberti C, Kricheldorf HR, Enthaler S. Application of Bismuth Catalysts for the Methanolysis of End‐of‐Life Poly(lactide). ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Alberti
- Universität Hamburg Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 D-20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Hans Rytger Kricheldorf
- Universität Hamburg Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Bundesstr. 45 D-20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Stephan Enthaler
- Universität Hamburg Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 D-20146 Hamburg Germany
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11
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Cordon MJ, Vega‐Vila JC, Casper A, Huang Z, Gounder R. Tighter Confinement Increases Selectivity of
d
‐Glucose Isomerization Toward
l
‐Sorbose in Titanium Zeolites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19102-19107. [PMID: 32602991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Cordon
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Current address: Energy and Transportation Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA
| | - Juan Carlos Vega‐Vila
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Alyssa Casper
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Zige Huang
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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12
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Tighter Confinement Increases Selectivity of
d
‐Glucose Isomerization Toward
l
‐Sorbose in Titanium Zeolites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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13
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Wang Y, Furukawa S, Song S, He Q, Asakura H, Yan N. Catalytic Production of Alanine from Waste Glycerol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:2289-2293. [PMID: 31773819 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis of amino acids directly from biomass feedstock is rare. Reported here is a one-step protocol to convert crude glycerol, from the biodiesel industry, into 43 % alanine over a Ru1 Ni7 /MgO catalyst. The multifunctional catalytic system promotes glycerol conversion into lactic acid, and then into alanine. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy revealed the existence of bimetallic RuNi species, whereas density-functional theory calculations suggested Ni-doped Ru substantially decreased the Ea of C-H bond dissociation of lactate alkoxide to form pyruvate, which is the rate-determining step. The catalytic route established in this work creates new opportunities for glycerol utilization and enriches the substrate scope of renewable feedstock to access value-added amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and Battery, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Song Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Qian He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and Battery, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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14
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Wang Y, Furukawa S, Song S, He Q, Asakura H, Yan N. Catalytic Production of Alanine from Waste Glycerol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Institute for CatalysisHokkaido University N-21, W-10 Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteryKyoto University Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Song Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Qian He
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117575 Singapore
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteryKyoto University Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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15
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Zhu Q, Duan H, Lin B, Zhu Y, Hu Y, Zhou Y. Higher Acetone Conversion Obtained Over a TiO2–Pd Bifunctional Catalyst for Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone: The Role of Al2O3 Support. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Makshina EV, Canadell J, van Krieken J, Peeters E, Dusselier M, Sels BF. Bio‐Acrylates Production: Recent Catalytic Advances and Perspectives of the Use of Lactic Acid and Their Derivates. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Makshina
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Heverlee 3001 Belgium
| | - Judit Canadell
- Central R&D Corbion Arkelsedijk 46 Gorinchem 4206 AC The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Krieken
- Central R&D Corbion Arkelsedijk 46 Gorinchem 4206 AC The Netherlands
| | - Elise Peeters
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Heverlee 3001 Belgium
| | - Michiel Dusselier
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Heverlee 3001 Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Heverlee 3001 Belgium
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17
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Duan H, Wang Z, Cui L, Lin B, Zhou Y. Stability Investigation of a Supported TiO2–Pd Bifunctional Catalyst over the One-Pot Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone from Acetone and H2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Shandong Hualu-Hengsheng Chemical Company, Ltd., Dezhou 253024, China
| | - Lifeng Cui
- Shandong Hualu-Hengsheng Chemical Company, Ltd., Dezhou 253024, China
| | - Baining Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yonghua Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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18
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Supported TiO2–Pd bifunctional catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone from acetone: modulation of the acid and base property of loaded TiO2 by support. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-018-1409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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