1
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Peng J, Han C, Zhang X, Jia J, Bai J, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xue P. Mechanical Effects of Elastic Crystals Driven by Natural Sunlight and Force. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311348. [PMID: 37828622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible crystals that can capture solar energy and convert it into mechanical energy are promising for a wide range of applications such as information storage and actuators, but obtaining them remains a challenge. Herein, an elastic crystal of a barbiturate derivative was found to be an excellent candidate, demonstrating plastic bending behavior under natural sunlight irradiation. 1 H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrum data of microcrystals before and after light irradiation demonstrated that light-induced [2+2] cycloaddition was the driving force for the photomechanical effects. Interestingly, the crystals retained elastic bending even after light irradiation. This is the first report of flexible crystals that can be driven by natural sunlight and that have both photomechanical properties and elasticity. Furthermore, regulation of the passive light output direction of the crystals and transport of objects by applying mechanical forces and light was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chuchu Han
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Aerospace science & industry defense technology research and test center, 100039, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiakun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of, Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of, Shanxi Normal University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Pengchong Xue
- Tianjin key laboratory of structure and performance for functional molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, China
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2
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Hasija A, Thompson AJ, Singh L, S N M, Mangalampalli KSRN, McMurtrie JC, Bhattacharjee M, Clegg JK, Chopra D. Plastic Deformation in a Molecular Crystal Enables a Piezoresistive Response. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206169. [PMID: 36587988 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials are promising candidates for the development of efficient sensors for many medicinal and materials science applications. Single crystals of a small molecule, 4-trifluoromethyl phenyl isothiocyanate (4CFNCS), exhibit plastic deformation when bent, twisted, or coiled. Synchrotron micro-focus X-ray diffraction mapping of the bent region of the crystal confirms the mechanism of deformation. The crystals are incorporated into a flexible piezoresistive sensor using a composite constituting PEDOT: PSS/4CFNCS, which shows an impressive performance at high-pressure ranges (sensitivity 0.08 kPa-1 above 44 kPa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Avantika Hasija
- Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
| | - Amy J Thompson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lakhvir Singh
- i-lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
| | - Megha S N
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Kanchipuram, 603203, India
| | - Kiran S R N Mangalampalli
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Kanchipuram, 603203, India
| | - John C McMurtrie
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Mitradip Bhattacharjee
- i-lab, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
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3
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Yousuf S, Mahmoud Halabi J, Tahir I, Ahmed E, Rezgui R, Li L, Laws P, Daqaq M, Naumov P. Elastic Organic Crystals as Bioinspired Hair-Like Sensors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217329. [PMID: 36575895 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the typical haptic elements are natural hairy structures that animals and plants rely on for feedback. Although these hair sensors are an admirable inspiration, the development of active flow sensing components having low elastic moduli and high aspect ratios remains a challenge. Here, we report a new sensing approach based on a flexible, thin and optically transmissive organic crystal of high aspect ratio, which is stamped with fluorescent dye for tracking. When subjected to gas flow and exposed to laser, the crystal bends due to exerted pressure and acts as an optical flow (hair) sensor with low detection limit (≈1.578 m s-1 ) and fast response time (≈2.70 s). The air-flow-induced crystal deformation and flow dynamics response are modelled by finite element analysis. Due to having a simple design and being lightweight and mechanically robust this prototypical crystal hair-like sensor opens prospects for a new class of sensing devices ranging from wearable electronics to aeronautics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Yousuf
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jad Mahmoud Halabi
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Tahir
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachid Rezgui
- New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Science and Engineering Department, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 38044, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Praveen Laws
- Laboratory of Applied Nonlinear Dynamics, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Daqaq
- Laboratory of Applied Nonlinear Dynamics, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box, 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, MK-1000, Skopje, Macedonia.,Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
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4
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Shi Y, Lv Q, Tao Y, Ma Y, Wang X. Design and Growth of Branched Organic Crystals: Recent Advances and Future Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208768. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Li Shi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Chen Tao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Xin Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Dong Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
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5
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Tang S, Ye K, Zhang H. Integrating Low‐Temperature‐Resistant Two‐Dimensional Elastic‐Bending and Reconfigurable Plastic‐Twisting Deformations into an Organic Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210128. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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6
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Tang S, Ye K, Zhang H. Integrating Low‐Temperature‐Resistant Two‐Dimensional Elastic‐Bending and Reconfigurable Plastic‐Twisting Deformations into an Organic Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Jilin University Chemistry Qianjin Street 130012 Changchun CHINA
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7
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Shi YL, Lv Q, Tao YC, Ma YX, Wang XD. Design and Growth of Branched Organic Crystals: Recent Advances and Future Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Li Shi
- The University of Hong Kong Physics The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong HONG KONG
| | - Qiang Lv
- Soochow University Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) CHINA
| | - Yi-Chen Tao
- Soochow University Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) CHINA
| | - Ying-Xin Ma
- Shandong University of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Soochow University Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 Suzhou CHINA
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8
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Chinnasamy R, Ravi J, Vinay Pradeep V, Manoharan D, Emmerling F, Bhattacharya B, Ghosh S, Chandrasekar R. Adaptable Optical Microwaveguides From Mechanically Flexible Crystalline Materials. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200905. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jada Ravi
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology University of Hyderabad Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Vuppu Vinay Pradeep
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology University of Hyderabad Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Deepak Manoharan
- Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 603 203 India
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Biswajit Bhattacharya
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Soumyajit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 603 203 India
| | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology University of Hyderabad Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
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9
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Rohullah M, Pradeep VV, Ravi J, Kumar AV, Chandrasekar R. Micromechanically-Powered Rolling Locomotion of a Twisted-Crystal Optical-Waveguide Cavity as a Mobile Light Polarization Rotor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202114. [PMID: 35278020 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate mechanically-powered rolling locomotion of a twisted-microcrystal optical-waveguide cavity on the substrate, rotating the output signal's linear-polarization. Self-assembly of (E)-2-bromo-6-(((4-methoxyphenyl)imino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol produces naturally twisted microcrystals. The strain between several intergrowing, orientationally mismatched nanocrystalline fibres dictates the pitch lengths of the twisted crystals. The crystals are flexible, perpendicular to twisted (001) and (010) planes due to π⋅⋅⋅π stacking, C-H⋅⋅⋅Br, N-H⋅⋅⋅O and C-H⋅⋅⋅O interactions. The twisted crystals in their straight and bent geometries guide fluorescence along their body axes and display optical modes. Depending upon the degree of mechanical rolling locomotion, the crystal-waveguide cavity correspondingly rotates the output signal polarization. The presented twisted-crystal cavity with a combination of mechanical locomotion and photonic attributes unfolds a new dimension in mechanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rohullah
- Advanced Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Vuppu Vinay Pradeep
- Advanced Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Jada Ravi
- Advanced Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Avulu Vinod Kumar
- Advanced Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- Advanced Photonic Materials and Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
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10
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Rohullah M, Pradeep VV, Ravi J, Kumar AV, Chandrasekar R. Micromechanically‐Powered Rolling Locomotion of Twisted‐Crystal Optical‐Waveguide‐Cavity as a Mobile Light Polarization Rotor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jada Ravi
- University of Hyderabad Chemistry INDIA
| | | | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- University of Hyderabad School of chemistry GachiBowliCentral University post 500046 Hyderabad INDIA
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11
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Shu Y, Sun J, Yue Y, Ye K, Lu R. Visible Light Triggered Actuators Based on the Molecular Crystals of Anthracenecarbonitrile Undergoing Reversible [4+4] Cycloaddition. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yuan Yue
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ran Lu
- Jilin University College of Chemistry 2519 JieFang Road 130021 Changchun CHINA
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12
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Yu X, Liu B, Pan X, Zhang H. Deep‐red Emission Flexible Optical Waveguide via an Organic Crystal with High Elastic Performance. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yu
- Jilin University College of Chemistry Qianjin Street Changchun CHINA
| | - Bin Liu
- Jilin University College of Chemistry Qianjin Street Changchun CHINA
| | - Xiuhong Pan
- Jilin University College of Chemistry Qianjin Street Changchun CHINA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Jilin University Chemistry Qianjin Street 130012 Changchun CHINA
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13
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Tardío C, Pradeep VV, Martín R, Rodríguez AM, de la Hoz A, Jada R, Annadhasan M, Prieto P, Chandrasekar R. Polarised Optical Emission from Organic Anisotropic Microoptical Waveguides Grown by Ambient Pressure Vapour-deposition. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3476-3480. [PMID: 34468084 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ambient pressure chemical vapour deposition of 5,5'-bis((2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene provides ultrapure needle-shaped crystals. The crystal's supramolecular structure consists of an array of hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions leading to anisotropic arrangements. The cyan emitting crystals exhibit an optical waveguiding tendency with guided polarised optical emissions due to anisotropic molecular arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Tardío
- Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica, Orgánicay Bioqumica, Facultad de Ciencias Tecnologias Quimicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Vuppu Vinay Pradeep
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technolgy Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Raúl Martín
- Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica, Orgánicay Bioqumica, Facultad de Ciencias Tecnologias Quimicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica, Orgánicay Bioqumica, Facultad de Ciencias Tecnologias Quimicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio de la Hoz
- Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica, Orgánicay Bioqumica, Facultad de Ciencias Tecnologias Quimicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ravi Jada
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technolgy Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Mari Annadhasan
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technolgy Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Pilar Prieto
- Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica, Orgánicay Bioqumica, Facultad de Ciencias Tecnologias Quimicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- Advanced Organic Photonic Materials and Technolgy Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
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14
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Lan L, Liu H, Yu X, Liu X, Zhang H. Polymer‐Coated Organic Crystals with Solvent‐Resistant Capacity and Optical Waveguiding Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
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15
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Lan L, Liu H, Yu X, Liu X, Zhang H. Polymer‐Coated Organic Crystals with Solvent‐Resistant Capacity and Optical Waveguiding Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11283-11287. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
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16
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Ghora M, Majumdar P, Anas M, Varghese S. Enabling Control over Mechanical Conformity and Luminescence in Molecular Crystals: Interaction Engineering in Action. Chemistry 2020; 26:14488-14495. [PMID: 32761653 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular crystals of π-conjugated molecules are of great interest as the highly ordered dense packing offers superior charge and exciton transport compared with its amorphous counterparts. However, integration into optoelectronic devices remains a major challenge owing to its inherently brittle nature. Herein, control over the mechanical conformity in single crystals of pyridine-appended thiazolothiazole derivatives is reported by modulating the molecular packing through interaction engineering. Two polymorphs were prepared by achieving control over the thermodynamic/kinetic factors of crystallization; one of the polymorphs exhibits elastic bending whereas the other is brittle. The control over the bending ability was achieved by forming co-crystals with hydrogen/halogen bond donors. A seamless extended crisscross pattern with respect to the bend plane through a ditopic hydrogen-bonding motif showed the highest compliance towards mechanical bending, whereas the co-crystals with a layered crisscross arrangement with segregated layers of co-formers exhibit slightly lower bending conformity. These results update the rationale behind the plastic/elastic bending in molecular crystals. The co-crystals of ditopic halogen bond co-assemblies are particularly appealing for waveguiding applications as the co-crystals blend high mechanical flexibility and luminescence properties. The hydrogen bonded co-crystals are non-emissive in nature owing to excited state proton transfer dynamics. The rationale behind the fluorescence properties of these materials was also established from DFT calculations in a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhubrata Ghora
- Technical Research Centre and School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Science, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Prabhat Majumdar
- Technical Research Centre and School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Science, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Mohammed Anas
- Technical Research Centre and School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Science, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shinto Varghese
- Technical Research Centre and School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Science, Kolkata, 700032, India
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17
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Liu B, Lu Z, Tang B, Liu H, Liu H, Zhang Z, Ye K, Zhang H. Self-Waveguide Single-Benzene Organic Crystal with Ultralow-Temperature Elasticity as a Potential Flexible Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23117-23121. [PMID: 32909353 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing popularity and burgeoning progress of space technology, the development of ultralow-temperature flexible functional materials is a great challenge. Herein, we report a highly emissive organic crystal combining ultralow-temperature elasticity and self-waveguide properties (when a crystal is excited, it emits light from itself, which travels through the crystal to the other end) based on a simple single-benzene emitter. This crystal displayed excellent elastic bending ability in liquid nitrogen (LN). Preliminary experiments on optical waveguiding in the bent crystal demonstrated that the light generated by the crystal itself could be confined and propagated within the crystal body between 170 and -196 °C. These results not only suggest a guideline for designing functional organic crystals with ultralow-temperature elasticity but also expand the application region of flexible materials to extreme environments, such as space technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Baolei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, China
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18
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Liu B, Lu Z, Tang B, Liu H, Liu H, Zhang Z, Ye K, Zhang H. Self‐Waveguide Single‐Benzene Organic Crystal with Ultralow‐Temperature Elasticity as a Potential Flexible Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Baolei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun China
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19
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Naim K, Singh M, Sharma S, Nair RV, Venugopalan P, Chandra Sahoo S, Neelakandan PP. Exceptionally Plastic/Elastic Organic Crystals of a Naphthalidenimine-Boron Complex Show Flexible Optical Waveguide Properties. Chemistry 2020; 26:11979-11984. [PMID: 32618379 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The design of molecular compounds that exhibit flexibility is an emerging area of research. Although a fair amount of success has been achieved in the design of plastic or elastic crystals, realizing multidimensional plastic and elastic bending remains challenging. We report herein a naphthalidenimine-boron complex that showed size-dependent dual mechanical bending behavior whereas its parent Schiff base was brittle. Detailed crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis revealed the importance of boron in imparting the interesting mechanical properties. Furthermore, the luminescence of the molecule was turned-on subsequent to boron complexation, thereby allowing it to be explored for multimode optical waveguide applications. Our in-depth study of the size-dependent plastic and elastic bending of the crystals thus provides important insights in molecular engineering and could act as a platform for the development of future smart flexible materials for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Naim
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University (PU), Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sachin Sharma
- Laboratory for Nano-scale Optics and Meta-materials (LaNOM), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh V Nair
- Laboratory for Nano-scale Optics and Meta-materials (LaNOM), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Paloth Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University (PU), Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Prakash P Neelakandan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab, India
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20
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Mei L, An S, Hu K, Wang L, Yu J, Huang Z, Kong X, Xia C, Chai Z, Shi W. Molecular Spring‐like Triple‐Helix Coordination Polymers as Dual‐Stress and Thermally Responsive Crystalline Metal–Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mei
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shu‐wen An
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Kong‐qiu Hu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lin Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ji‐pan Yu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhi‐wei Huang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Xiang‐he Kong
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chuan‐qin Xia
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhi‐fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Wei‐qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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21
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Bhattacharya B, Roy D, Dey S, Puthuvakkal A, Bhunia S, Mondal S, Chowdhury R, Bhattacharya M, Mandal M, Manoj K, Mandal PK, Reddy CM. Mechanical‐Bending‐Induced Fluorescence Enhancement in Plastically Flexible Crystals of a GFP Chromophore Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Debjit Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Anisha Puthuvakkal
- Photosciences and Photonics Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Saikat Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Manjima Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Mrinal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Kochunnoonny Manoj
- Photosciences and Photonics Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Prasun K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
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22
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Bhattacharya B, Roy D, Dey S, Puthuvakkal A, Bhunia S, Mondal S, Chowdhury R, Bhattacharya M, Mandal M, Manoj K, Mandal PK, Reddy CM. Mechanical-Bending-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement in Plastically Flexible Crystals of a GFP Chromophore Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19878-19883. [PMID: 32667123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of optoelectronic materials that respond to external stimuli, such as mechanical, light, or heat, are immensely attractive for next generation smart materials. Here we report single crystals of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore analogue with irreversible mechanical bending and associated unusual enhancement of the fluorescence, which is attributed to the strained molecular packing in the perturbed region. Soft crystalline materials with such fluorescence intensity modulations occurring in response to mechanical stimuli under ambient pressure conditions will have potential implications for the design of technologically relevant tunable fluorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Debjit Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Anisha Puthuvakkal
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Manjima Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Mrinal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kochunnoonny Manoj
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Prasun K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - C Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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23
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Mei L, An S, Hu K, Wang L, Yu J, Huang Z, Kong X, Xia C, Chai Z, Shi W. Molecular Spring‐like Triple‐Helix Coordination Polymers as Dual‐Stress and Thermally Responsive Crystalline Metal–Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16061-16068. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mei
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shu‐wen An
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Kong‐qiu Hu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lin Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ji‐pan Yu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhi‐wei Huang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Xiang‐he Kong
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chuan‐qin Xia
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhi‐fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Wei‐qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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24
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Annadhasan M, Agrawal AR, Bhunia S, Pradeep VV, Zade SS, Reddy CM, Chandrasekar R. Mechanophotonics: Flexible Single‐Crystal Organic Waveguides and Circuits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Annadhasan
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500 046 Telangana India
| | - Abhijeet R. Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Vuppu Vinay Pradeep
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500 046 Telangana India
| | - Sanjio S. Zade
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500 046 Telangana India
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25
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Annadhasan M, Agrawal AR, Bhunia S, Pradeep VV, Zade SS, Reddy CM, Chandrasekar R. Mechanophotonics: Flexible Single-Crystal Organic Waveguides and Circuits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13852-13858. [PMID: 32392396 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the one-dimensional optical-waveguiding crystal dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine with a high aspect ratio, high mechanical flexibility, and selective self-absorbance of the blue part of its fluorescence (FL). While macrocrystals exhibit elasticity, microcrystals deposited at a glass surface behave more like plastic crystals due to significant surface adherence, making them suitable for constructing photonic circuits via micromechanical operation with an atomic-force-microscopy cantilever tip. The flexible crystalline waveguides display optical-path-dependent FL signals at the output termini in both straight and bent configurations, making them appropriate for wavelength-division multiplexing technologies. A reconfigurable 2×2-directional coupler fabricated via micromanipulation by combining two arc-shaped crystals splits the optical signal via evanescent coupling and delivers the signals at two output terminals with different splitting ratios. The presented mechanical micromanipulation technique could also be effectively extended to other flexible crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Annadhasan
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Abhijeet R Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Vuppu Vinay Pradeep
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Sanjio S Zade
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - C Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Rajadurai Chandrasekar
- Functional Molecular Nano/Micro Solids Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana, India
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26
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Annadhasan M, Karothu DP, Chinnasamy R, Catalano L, Ahmed E, Ghosh S, Naumov P, Chandrasekar R. Micromanipulation of Mechanically Compliant Organic Single‐Crystal Optical Microwaveguides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Annadhasan
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | | | | | - Luca Catalano
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Soumyajit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 703203 India
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University 10 Garden St Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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27
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Annadhasan M, Karothu DP, Chinnasamy R, Catalano L, Ahmed E, Ghosh S, Naumov P, Chandrasekar R. Micromanipulation of Mechanically Compliant Organic Single‐Crystal Optical Microwaveguides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13821-13830. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Annadhasan
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | | | | | - Luca Catalano
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Soumyajit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 703203 India
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University 10 Garden St Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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28
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Liu H, Lu Z, Tang B, Qu C, Zhang Z, Zhang H. A Flexible Organic Single Crystal with Plastic‐Twisting and Elastic‐Bending Capabilities and Polarization‐Rotation Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12944-12950. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Baolei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Cheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
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29
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Liu H, Lu Z, Tang B, Qu C, Zhang Z, Zhang H. A Flexible Organic Single Crystal with Plastic‐Twisting and Elastic‐Bending Capabilities and Polarization‐Rotation Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Baolei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Cheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
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30
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Bhattacharya B, Michalchuk AAL, Silbernagl D, Rautenberg M, Schmid T, Feiler T, Reimann K, Ghalgaoui A, Sturm H, Paulus B, Emmerling F. A Mechanistic Perspective on Plastically Flexible Coordination Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5557-5561. [PMID: 31837270 PMCID: PMC7155097 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical flexibility in single crystals of covalently bound materials is a fascinating and poorly understood phenomenon. We present here the first example of a plastically flexible one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymer. The compound [Zn(μ-Cl)2 (3,5-dichloropyridine)2 ]n is flexible over two crystallographic faces. Remarkably, the single crystal remains intact when bent to 180°. A combination of microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopic studies have been used to probe the structural response of the crystal lattice to mechanical bending. Deformation of the covalent polymer chains does not appear to be responsible for the observed macroscopic bending. Instead, our results suggest that mechanical bending occurs by displacement of the coordination polymer chains. Based on experimental and theoretical evidence, we propose a new model for mechanical flexibility in 1D coordination polymers. Moreover, our calculations propose a cause of the different mechanical properties of this compound and a structurally similar elastic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Adam A. L. Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Dorothee Silbernagl
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Max Rautenberg
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Schmid
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA)Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Torvid Feiler
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Klaus Reimann
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie12489BerlinGermany
| | - Ahmed Ghalgaoui
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie12489BerlinGermany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
| | - Beate Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse12489BerlinGermany
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA)Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
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Lu Z, Zhang Y, Liu H, Ye K, Liu W, Zhang H. Optical Waveguiding Organic Single Crystals Exhibiting Physical and Chemical Bending Features. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Wentao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
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Bhattacharya B, Michalchuk AAL, Silbernagl D, Rautenberg M, Schmid T, Feiler T, Reimann K, Ghalgaoui A, Sturm H, Paulus B, Emmerling F. Ein mechanistischer Blick auf plastisch flexible Koordinationspolymere. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Adam A. L. Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Dorothee Silbernagl
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Max Rautenberg
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Thomas Schmid
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA) Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Deutschland
| | - Torvid Feiler
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Klaus Reimann
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Ahmed Ghalgaoui
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Heinz Sturm
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Beate Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Deutschland
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-St. 12489 Berlin Deutschland
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA) Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Deutschland
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Lu Z, Zhang Y, Liu H, Ye K, Liu W, Zhang H. Optical Waveguiding Organic Single Crystals Exhibiting Physical and Chemical Bending Features. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4299-4303. [PMID: 31943587 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bendable (elastic and plastic) organic single crystals have been widely studied as emerging flexible materials with highly ordered packing structures. However, even though manifold bendable organic crystals have been recently reported, most of them bend in response to only one stimulus. Herein, we report an organic single crystal of (Z)-4-(1-cyano-2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)vinyl)benzonitrile, which bends under external stress (physical process) and also hydrochloric acid atmosphere (chemical process). This observation indicates that a single organic crystal, whose structure has been optimized simultaneously at both the molecular and supramolecular levels, may display multiple crystal-bending modes. Furthermore, the crystals exhibit bright orange-yellow emission and can serve as an active low-loss optical waveguide in both the straight and the bent state, which indicates a potential optical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street, Changchun, P. R. China
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Commins P, Karothu DP, Naumov P. Is a Bent Crystal Still a Single Crystal? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10052-10060. [PMID: 30762922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The mention of the word "crystal" invokes images of minerals, gems, and rocks, all of which are inevitably solid, hard, and durable entities with well-defined smooth faces and straight edges. With the discovery in the first half of the 20th century that many molecular crystals are soft and can be deformed in a similar way as rubber or plastic, this perception is changing, and both the concept and formal definition of what a crystal is may require reinterpretation. The seemingly naïve question posed in the title of this Minireview does not have a simple answer. Here, we discuss how the effects of the elastic and plastic deformation of molecular crystals on the diffraction signature give primary evidence of their degree of crystallinity. In most cases, the definition of a crystal holds for both elastically and plastically deformed crystals and, unless there is significant or complete physical separation of the crystal during the deformation, they can safely be considered (deformed) single crystals with a high concentration of defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Commins
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, 10 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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35
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Commins P, Karothu DP, Naumov P. Ist ein gebogener Kristall immer noch ein Einkristall? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Commins
- New York University Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188 Abu Dhabi Vereinigte Arabische Emirate
| | - Durga Prasad Karothu
- New York University Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188 Abu Dhabi Vereinigte Arabische Emirate
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188 Abu Dhabi Vereinigte Arabische Emirate
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced StudyHarvard University 10 Garden St. Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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