1
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Tran GS, Vo TG, Chiang CY. Operando Revealing the Crystal Phase Transformation and Electrocatalytic Activity Correlation of MnO 2 toward Glycerol Electrooxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22662-22671. [PMID: 37096961 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report for the first time a comprehensive operando investigation of the intricate correlation between dynamic phase evolution and glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GEOR) performance across three primary MnO2 crystallographic phases (α-, β-, and γ-MnO2). The results showed that all three electrocatalysts exhibited comparable selectivity toward three-carbon products (∼90%), but γ-MnO2 exhibited superior performance, with a low onset potential of ∼1.45 VRHE, the highest current density of ∼1.9 mA cm-2 at 1.85 VRHE, and reasonable stability. Operando Raman spectroscopy revealed the potential-induced surface reconstruction of different MnO2 structures from which a correlation among the applied potential, electrocatalytic activity, and product distribution was identified. The higher the applied potential, the greater conversion from the original structure to δ-MnO2, resulting in lower C-C cleavage and higher 3C product selectivity. This study not only provides a systematic understanding of structure-controlled electrocatalytic activity for high selectivity toward 3C products of MnO2 but also contributes to the development of a non-noble and environmentally friendly catalyst for valorizing glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang-Son Tran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Truong-Giang Vo
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Chia-Ying Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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2
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Xiao B, Wu G, Wang T, Wei Z, Xie Z, Sui Y, Qi J, Wei F, Zhang X, Tang LB, Zheng JC. Enhanced Li-Ion Diffusion and Cycling Stability of Ni-Free High-Entropy Spinel Oxide Anodes with High-Concentration Oxygen Vacancies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2792-2803. [PMID: 36606677 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-entropy oxide (HEO) is an emerging type of anode material for lithium-ion batteries with excellent properties, where high-concentration oxygen vacancies can effectively enhance the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions. In this study, Ni-free spinel-type HEOs ((FeCoCrMnZn)3O4 and (FeCoCrMnMg)3O4) were prepared via ball milling, and the effects of zinc and magnesium on the concentration of oxygen vacancy (OV), lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (DLi+), and electrochemical performance of HEOs were investigated. Ab initio calculations show that the addition of zinc narrows down the band gap and thus improves the electrical conductivity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show that (FeCoCrMnZn)3O4 (42.7%) and (FeCoCrMnMg)3O4 (42.5%) have high OV concentration. During charge/discharge, the OV concentration of (FeCoCrMnZn)3O4 is higher than that of (FeCoCrMnMg)3O4. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) results show that the DLi+ value of (FeCoCrMnZn)3O4 is higher than that of (FeCoCrMnMg)3O4 during charge and discharge. All of that can improve its specific discharge capacity and enhance its cycle stability. (FeCoCrMnZn)3O4 achieved a discharge capacity of 828.6 mAh g-1 at 2.0 A g-1 after 2000 cycles. This work provides a deep understanding of the structure and performance of HEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Tongde Wang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Zhengang Wei
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Zelin Xie
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Sui
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Jiqiu Qi
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Fuxiang Wei
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiahui Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington99164, United States
| | - Lin-Bo Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Chao Zheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
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3
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Villalobos J, Morales DM, Antipin D, Schuck G, Golnak R, Xiao J, Risch M. Stabilization of a Mn-Co Oxide During Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Media. ChemElectroChem 2022; 9:e202200482. [PMID: 35915742 PMCID: PMC9328349 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Improving the stability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through materials design has received less attention than improving their catalytic activity. We explored the effects of Mn addition to a cobalt oxide for stabilizing the catalyst by comparing single phase CoOx and (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox films electrodeposited in alkaline solution. The obtained disordered films were classified as layered oxides using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The CoOx films showed a constant decrease in the catalytic activity during cycling, confirmed by oxygen detection, while that of (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox remained constant within error as measured by electrochemical metrics. These trends were rationalized based on XAS analysis of the metal oxidation states, which were Co2.7+ and Mn3.7+ in the bulk and similar near the surface of (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox, before and after cycling. Thus, Mn in (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox successfully stabilized the bulk catalyst material and its surface activity during OER cycling. The development of stabilization approaches is essential to extend the durability of OER catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Villalobos
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Dulce M. Morales
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Denis Antipin
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Götz Schuck
- Abteilung Struktur und Dynamik von EnergiematerialienHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Ronny Golnak
- Department of Highly Sensitive X-ray SpectroscopyHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHAlbert-Einstein-Straße 15Berlin12489Germany
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Highly Sensitive X-ray SpectroscopyHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHAlbert-Einstein-Straße 15Berlin12489Germany
| | - Marcel Risch
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
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4
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Wu Y, Lu G, Yue J, Luo D, Shi M, Cheng Z, kang X. Oxygen vacancies‐rich manganese oxide with flower‐like nanosheets for high performance supercapacitors. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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5
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Heese‐Gärtlein J, Rabe A, Behrens M. Challenges in the Application of Manganese Oxide Powders as OER Electrocatalysts: Synthesis, Characterization, Activity and Stability of Nine Different Mn
x
O
y
Compounds. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justus Heese‐Gärtlein
- University of Duisburg-Essen Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) Universitätsstr. 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Anna Rabe
- University of Duisburg-Essen Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) Universitätsstr. 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- University of Duisburg-Essen Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) Universitätsstr. 7 45141 Essen Germany
- Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science (GIST) 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro (Oryang-dong), Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712 South Korea
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6
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Heese‐Gärtlein J, Morales DM, Rabe A, Bredow T, Schuhmann W, Behrens M. Factors Governing the Activity of α-MnO 2 Catalysts in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Conductivity versus Exposed Surface Area of Cryptomelane. Chemistry 2020; 26:12256-12267. [PMID: 32159252 PMCID: PMC7540518 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cryptomelane (α-(K)MnO2 ) powders were synthesized by different methods leading to only slight differences in their bulk crystal structure and chemical composition, while the BET surface area and the crystallite size differed significantly. Their performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) covered a wide range and their sequence of increasing activity differed when electrocatalysis in alkaline electrolyte and chemical water oxidation using Ce4+ were compared. The decisive factors that explain this difference were identified in the catalysts' microstructure. Chemical water oxidation activity is substantially governed by the exposed surface area, while the electrocatalytic activity is determined largely by the electric conductivity, which was found to correlate with the particle morphology in terms of needle length and aspect ratio in this sample series. This correlation is rather explained by an improved conductivity due to longer needles than by structure sensitivity as was supported by reference experiments using H2 O2 decomposition and carbon black as additive. The most active catalyst R-cryptomelane reached a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at a potential 1.73 V without, and at 1.71 V in the presence of carbon black. The improvement was significantly higher for the catalyst with lower initial activity. However, the materials showed a disappointing catalytic stability during alkaline electrochemical OER, whereas the crystal structure was found to be stable at working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Heese‐Gärtlein
- Faculty of Chemistry andCenter for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 745114EssenGermany
| | - Dulce M. Morales
- Analytical Chemistry—Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Anna Rabe
- Faculty of Chemistry andCenter for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 745114EssenGermany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryInstitut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 453115BonnGermany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry—Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty of Chemistry andCenter for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 745114EssenGermany
- Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and CatalysisGwangju Institute of Science (GIST)123 Cheomdan-gwagiro (Oryang-dong), Buk-guGwangju500-712South Korea
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7
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Park J, Cho J. Advances in Understanding Mechanisms of Perovskites and Pyrochlores as Electrocatalysts using In‐Situ X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyuk Park
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
- Present address: Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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8
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Braglia L, Fracchia M, Ghigna P, Minguzzi A, Meroni D, Edla R, Vandichel M, Ahlberg E, Cerrato G, Torelli P. Understanding Solid-Gas Reaction Mechanisms by Operando Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy at Ambient Pressure. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:14202-14212. [PMID: 33815647 PMCID: PMC8008446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient-pressure operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (soft-XAS) was applied to study the reactivity of hydroxylated SnO2 nanoparticles toward reducing gases. H2 was first used as a test case, showing that the gas phase and surface states can be simultaneously probed: Soft-XAS at the O K-edge gains sensitivity toward the gas phase, while at the Sn M4,5-edges, tin surface states are explicitly probed. Results obtained by flowing hydrocarbons (CH4 and CH3CHCH2) unequivocally show that these gases react with surface hydroxyl groups to produce water without producing carbon oxides and release electrons that localize on Sn to eventually form SnO. The partially reduced SnO2 - x layer at the surface of SnO2 is readily reoxidized to SnO2 by treating the sample with O2 at mild temperatures (>200 °C), revealing the nature of "electron sponge" of tin oxide. The experiments, combined with DFT calculations, allowed devising of a mechanism for dissociative hydrocarbon adsorption on SnO2, involving direct reduction of Sn sites at the surface via cleavage of C-H bonds and the formation of methoxy- and/or methyl-tin species at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Braglia
- CNR-
Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, 34149 Trieste, Italia
| | - Martina Fracchia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 13, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Ghigna
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 13, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
- INSTM,
Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Minguzzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
- INSTM,
Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniela Meroni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
- INSTM,
Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Raju Edla
- CNR-
Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, 34149 Trieste, Italia
| | - Matthias Vandichel
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, Limerick University, V94
T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Elisabet Ahlberg
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Kemigården 4, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giuseppina Cerrato
- INSTM,
Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and NIST Interdipartimental Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Piero Torelli
- CNR-
Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, 34149 Trieste, Italia
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9
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Park J, Cho J. Advances in Understanding Mechanisms of Perovskites and Pyrochlores as Electrocatalysts using In‐Situ X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15314-15324. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyuk Park
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
- Present address: Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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10
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Abstract
We review oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of both molecules and solids. We start with an overview of the main experimental aspects of oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption measurements including X-ray sources, monochromators, and detection schemes. Many recent oxygen K-edge studies combine X-ray absorption with time and spatially resolved measurements and/or operando conditions. The main theoretical and conceptual approximations for the simulation of oxygen K-edges are discussed in the Theory section. We subsequently discuss oxygen atoms and ions, binary molecules, water, and larger molecules containing oxygen, including biomolecular systems. The largest part of the review deals with the experimental results for solid oxides, starting from s- and p-electron oxides. Examples of theoretical simulations for these oxides are introduced in order to show how accurate a DFT description can be in the case of s and p electron overlap. We discuss the general analysis of the 3d transition metal oxides including discussions of the crystal field effect and the effects and trends in oxidation state and covalency. In addition to the general concepts, we give a systematic overview of the oxygen K-edges element by element, for the s-, p-, d-, and f-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Frati
- Inorganic
chemistry and catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic
chemistry and catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Menezes PW, Walter C, Hausmann JN, Beltrán‐Suito R, Schlesiger C, Praetz S, Yu. Verchenko V, Shevelkov AV, Driess M. Boosting Water Oxidation through In Situ Electroconversion of Manganese Gallide: An Intermetallic Precursor Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16569-16574. [PMID: 31483557 PMCID: PMC6899514 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, the manganese gallide (MnGa4 ) served as an intermetallic precursor, which upon in situ electroconversion in alkaline media produced high-performance and long-term-stable MnOx -based electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Unexpectedly, its electrocorrosion (with the concomitant loss of Ga) leads simultaneously to three crystalline types of MnOx minerals with distinct structures and induced defects: birnessite δ-MnO2 , feitknechtite β-MnOOH, and hausmannite α-Mn3 O4 . The abundance and intrinsic stabilization of MnIII /MnIV active sites in the three MnOx phases explains the superior efficiency and durability of the system for electrocatalytic water oxidation. After electrophoretic deposition of the MnGa4 precursor on conductive nickel foam (NF), a low overpotential of 291 mV, comparable to that of precious-metal-based catalysts, could be achieved at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 with a durability of more than five days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth W. Menezes
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Carsten Walter
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Jan Niklas Hausmann
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Rodrigo Beltrán‐Suito
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Christopher Schlesiger
- Institute of Optics and Atomic PhysicsTechnische Universität BerlinHardenbergstraße 3610623BerlinGermany
| | - Sebastian Praetz
- Institute of Optics and Atomic PhysicsTechnische Universität BerlinHardenbergstraße 3610623BerlinGermany
| | | | | | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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12
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Menezes PW, Walter C, Hausmann JN, Beltrán‐Suito R, Schlesiger C, Praetz S, Yu. Verchenko V, Shevelkov AV, Driess M. Steigerung der Wasseroxidation durch In‐situ‐Elektrokonversion eines Mangangallids: Ein intermetallischer Vorläuferansatz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth W. Menezes
- Institut für Chemie: Metallorganische Chemie und Anorganische MaterialienTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Carsten Walter
- Institut für Chemie: Metallorganische Chemie und Anorganische MaterialienTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Jan Niklas Hausmann
- Institut für Chemie: Metallorganische Chemie und Anorganische MaterialienTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Rodrigo Beltrán‐Suito
- Institut für Chemie: Metallorganische Chemie und Anorganische MaterialienTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Christopher Schlesiger
- Institut für Optik und Atomare PhysikTechnische Universität Berlin Hardenbergstraße 36 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Praetz
- Institut für Optik und Atomare PhysikTechnische Universität Berlin Hardenbergstraße 36 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | | | | | - Matthias Driess
- Institut für Chemie: Metallorganische Chemie und Anorganische MaterialienTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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13
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Rabe M, Toparli C, Chen YH, Kasian O, Mayrhofer KJJ, Erbe A. Alkaline manganese electrochemistry studied by in situ and operando spectroscopic methods - metal dissolution, oxide formation and oxygen evolution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10457-10469. [PMID: 31070222 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00911f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Manganese-based systems are considered as candidate electrocatalysts for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER), because of their abundance in biochemical oxygen producing catalyst systems. In this work, the surface of metallic manganese was investigated in situ and operando in potentiodynamic cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments and potentiostatic chronoamperometry (CA) experiments in NaOH. In both cases, the surfaces were initially reduced. At corresponding potentials, no oxide species can be detected by Raman spectroscopy, though electrochemical data and the absence of dissolution above the reversible potential for reactions of type Mn → MnII indicate that the material is passive. The CV shows anodic peaks at potentials in line with expectations on the basis of thermodynamic data for the oxidation to Mn3O4 and Mn2O3; the thickness of the surface layer increases by a few nm during these peaks, as evidenced by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Dissolution of Mn as evidenced by downstream electrolyte analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in a scanning flow cell (SFC-ICP-MS) of the electrolyte is negligible in the range of electrode potential vs. Ag|AgCl|3 M KCl, EAg|AgCl, up to 0.3 V. Remarkably, Raman spectra already show the occurrence of α-MnO2 at EAg|AgCl > -0.25 V, which is ca. 0.5 V below the potential at which oxidation to MnO2 is expected. This observation is attributed to disproportionation above a certain level of MnIII. For EAg|AgCl > 0.4 V, dissolution sets in, at a constant layer thickness. Above the onset potential of the OER, at EAg|AgCl≈ 0.6 V, SFC-ICP-MS analysis shows fast dissolution, and the oxide layer thickness is constant or increases. CA experiments during the OER show strong dissolution, and the re-formation of a strongly disordered, β-MnO2-like oxide, which exists in a quasi-stationary state at the interface. Several CV cycles increase the dissolution per cycle and the fraction of α-MnO2 on the surface which cannot be reduced. The high dissolution currents show that metallic Mn is hardly suitable as an OER catalyst, however, at least the MnIV oxides remain stationarily present in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rabe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Cigdem Toparli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ying-Hsuan Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Olga Kasian
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Karl J J Mayrhofer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany. and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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