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Hsu MC, Lin RY, Sun TY, Huang YX, Li MS, Li YH, Chen HL, Shieh M. Inorganic-organic hybrid Cu-dipyridyl semiconducting polymers based on the redox-active cluster [SFe 3(CO) 9] 2-: filling the gap in iron carbonyl chalcogenide polymers. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7303-7314. [PMID: 38587832 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00254g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The construction of sulfur-incorporated cluster-based coordination polymers was limited and underexplored due to the lack of efficient synthetic routes. Herein, we report facile mechanochemical ways toward a new series of SFe3(CO)9-based dipyridyl-Cu polymers by three-component reactions of [Et4N]2[SFe3(CO)9] ([Et4N]2[1]) and [Cu(MeCN)4][BF4] with conjugated or conjugation-interrupted dipyridyl ligands, 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpee), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpea), 4,4'-dipyridyl (dpy), or 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (bpp), respectively. X-ray analysis showed that bpee-containing 2D polymers demonstrated unique SFe3(CO)9 cluster-armed and cluster-one-armed coordination modes via the hypervalent μ5-S atom. These S-Fe-Cu polymers could undergo flexible structural transformations with the change of cluster bonding modes by grinding with stoichiometric amounts of dipyridyls or 1/[Cu(MeCN)4]+. They exhibited semiconducting behaviors with low energy gaps of 1.55-1.79 eV and good electrical conductivities of 3.26 × 10-8-1.48 × 10-6 S cm-1, tuned by the SFe3(CO)9 cluster bonding modes accompanied by secondary interactions in the solid state. The electron transport efficiency of these polymers was further elucidated by solid-state packing, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), density of states (DOS), and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis. Finally, the solid-state electrochemistry of these polymers demonstrated redox-active behaviors with cathodically-shifted patterns compared to that of [Et4N]2[1], showing that their efficient electron communication was effectively enhanced by introducing 1 and dipyridyls as hybrid ligands into Cu+-containing networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Ru Yan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Tzu-Yen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Xin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Min-Sian Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Huei Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111396, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Minghuey Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Scattolin T, Tonon G, Botter E, Canale VC, Hasanzadeh M, Cuscela DM, Buschini A, Zarepour A, Khosravi A, Cordani M, Rizzolio F, Zarrabi A. Synergistic applications of cyclodextrin-based systems and metal-organic frameworks in transdermal drug delivery for skin cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3807-3839. [PMID: 38529820 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This review article explores the innovative field of eco-friendly cyclodextrin-based coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for transdermal drug delivery in the case of skin cancer therapy. We critically examine the significant advancements in developing these nanocarriers, with a focus on their unique properties such as biocompatibility, targeted drug release, and enhanced skin permeability. These attributes are instrumental in addressing the limitations inherent in traditional skin cancer treatments and represent a paradigm shift towards more effective and patient-friendly therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges faced in optimizing the synthesis process for large-scale production while ensuring environmental sustainability. The review also emphasizes the immense potential for clinical applications of these nanocarriers in skin cancer therapy, highlighting their role in facilitating targeted, controlled drug release which minimizes systemic side effects. Future clinical applications could see these nanocarriers being customized to individual patient profiles, potentially revolutionizing personalized medicine in oncology. With further research and clinical trials, these nanocarriers hold the promise of transforming the landscape of skin cancer treatment. With this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field and outline future directions for advancing the development and clinical application of these innovative nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Eleonora Botter
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Viviana Claudia Canale
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mahdi Hasanzadeh
- Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd University, P.O. Box 89195-741, Yazd, Iran
| | - Denise Maria Cuscela
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- COMT (Interdepartmental Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- COMT (Interdepartmental Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai-600 077, India
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkey
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey.
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
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Wróblewska A, Bak-Sypien II, Paluch P, Wielgus E, Zając J, Jeziorna A, Kaźmierski S, Potrzebowski MJ. Solvent-Free Mechanosynthesis of Oligopeptides by Coupling Peptide Segments of Different Lengths - Elucidating the Role of Cesium Carbonate in Ball Mill Processes. Chemistry 2024:e202400177. [PMID: 38644348 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
We report an idea for the synthesis of oligopeptides using a solvent-free ball milling approach. Our concept is inspired by block play, in which it is possible to construct different objects using segments (blocks) of different sizes and lengths. We prove that by having a library of short peptides and employing the ball mill mechanosynthesis (BMMS) method, peptides can be easily coupled to form different oligopeptides with the desired functional and biological properties. Optimizing the BMMS process we found that the best yields we obtained when TBTU and cesium carbonate were used as reagents. The role of Cs2CO3 in the coupling mechanism was followed on each stage of synthesis by 1H, 13C and 133Cs NMR employing Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) techniques. It was found that cesium carbonate acts not only as a base but is also responsible for the activation of substrates and intermediates. The unique information about the BMMS mechanism is based on the analysis of 2D NMR data. The power of BMMS is proved by the example of different peptide combinations, 2+2, 3+2, 4+2, 5+2 and 4+4. The tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and octapeptides obtained under this project were fully characterized by MS and NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wróblewska
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Irena I Bak-Sypien
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Paluch
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Justyna Zając
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agata Jeziorna
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kaźmierski
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Marek J Potrzebowski
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
- Division of Structural Studies, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
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Reichle S, Kang L, Demirbas D, Weidenthaler C, Felderhoff M, DeBeer S, Schüth F. Mechanocatalytic Synthesis of Ammonia: State of the Catalyst During Reaction and Deactivation Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317038. [PMID: 38372407 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia synthesis holds significant importance for both agricultural fertilizer production and emerging green energy applications. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of a catalyst for mechanochemical ammonia synthesis, based on Cs-promoted Fe. The study sheds light on the catalyst's dynamic evolution under reaction conditions and the origin of deactivation. Initially, elemental Cs converts to CsH, followed by partial CsOH formation due to trace oxygen impurities on the surface of the Fe metal and the equipment. Concurrently, the mechanical milling process comminutes Fe, exposing fresh metallic Fe surfaces. This comminution correlates with an induction period observed during ammonia formation. Critical to the study, degradation of active Cs promoter species (CsH and CsNH2) into inactive CsOH emerged as the primary deactivation mechanism. By increasing the Cs content from 2.2 mol % to 4.2 mol %, we achieved stable, continuous ammonia synthesis for nearly 90 hours, showcasing one of the longest-running mechanocatalytic gas phase reactions. Studies of the temperature dependence of the reaction revealed negligible bulk temperature influence in the range of -10 °C to 100 °C, highlighting the dominance of mechanical action over bulk thermal effects. This study offers insights into the complex interplay between mechanical processing, reactive species, and deactivation mechanisms in mechanocatalytic ammonia synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Reichle
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis/, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy (JWS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Liqun Kang
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Derya Demirbas
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis/, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy (JWS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis/, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy (JWS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Michael Felderhoff
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis/, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy (JWS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis/, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy (JWS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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5
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Mei H, Wang N, Wu D, Rong Q, Bai X, Huang X, Zhou L, Wang T, Hao H. Novel Pharmaceutical Cocrystals of Tegafur: Synthesis, Performance, and Theoretical Studies. Pharm Res 2024; 41:577-593. [PMID: 38291166 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tegafur (TF) is one of the most important clinical antitumor drugs with poor water solubility, severely reducing its bioavailability. This work develops new cocrystals to improve the solubility of TF and systematically investigates the intermolecular interactions to provide new insights into the formation of cocrystal and changes in physicochemical properties. METHOD In this paper, two new 1:1 cocrystals of TF with 2,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4HBA) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) were synthesized. The cocrystal products were identified and characterized by various solid state analysis techniques. And the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted to determine the solubility and dissolution rate of TF and cocrystals. Moreover, the quantum chemistry calculations of crystal structure provided theoretical support for the results. RESULT Compared with pure TF, the solubility and dissolution rate of TF-2,4HBA is significantly increased in a pH 6.8 buffer at 37°C. Under accelerated storage conditions (40°C, 75% RH), all cocrystal exhibits excellent stability over 8 weeks. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis, atoms in molecules (AIM) analysis, interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis, molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPS) analysis and frontier molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) analysis were integrated to understand the hydrogen bonding interaction more comprehensively. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results show that the analysis of physical and chemical properties of TF-PNP cocrystal and TF crystal by quantum chemistry method is reliable at molecular level. CONCLUSION These results are helpful to provide guiding methods in the cocrystal development and theoretical study of tegafur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Mei
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Rong
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Báti G, Csókás D, Stuparu MC. Mechanochemical Scholl Reaction on Phenylated Cyclopentadiene Core: One-Step Synthesis of Fluoreno[5]helicenes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302971. [PMID: 37870299 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explore feasibility of the mechanochemical approach in the synthesis of tetrabenzofluorenes (fluoreno[5]helicenes). For this, commercially available phenylated cyclopentadiene precursors are subjected to the Scholl reaction in the solid state using FeCl3 as an oxidant and sodium chloride as the solid reaction medium. This ball milling process gave access to the 5-membered ring containing-helicenes in one synthetic step in high (95-96 %) isolated yields. The solution-phase reactions, however, were found to be moderate to low yielding in this regard (10-40 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Báti
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihaiela C Stuparu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
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Magaletti F, Prioglio G, Giese U, Barbera V, Galimberti M. Hexagonal Boron Nitride as Filler for Silica-Based Elastomer Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38202486 PMCID: PMC10780802 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has attracted tremendous attention over the last few years, thanks to its stable structure and its outstanding properties, such as mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and lubricant behavior. This work demonstrates that hBN can also improve the rheological and mechanical properties of elastomer composites when used to partially replace silica. In this work, commercially available pristine hBN (hBN-p) was exfoliated and ball-mill treated in air for different durations (2.5, 5, and 10 h milling). Functionalization occurred with the -NH and -OH groups (hBN-OH). The functional groups were detected using Fourier-Transform Infrared pectroscopy (FT-IR) and were estimated to be up to about 7% through thermogravimetric analysis. The presence of an increased amount of oxygen in hBN-OH was confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. (SEM-EDS). The number of stacked layers, estimated using WAXD analysis, decreased to 8-9 in hBN-OH (10 h milling) from about 130 in hBN-p. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and SEM-EDS revealed the increase in disorder in hBN-OH. hBN-p and hBN-OH were used to partially replace silica by 15% and 30%, respectively, by volume, in elastomer composites based on poly(styrene-co-butadiene) from solution anionic polymerization (S-SBR) and poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) from Hevea Brasiliensis (natural rubber, NR) as the elastomers (volume (mm3) of composites released by the instrument). The use of both hBNs in substitution of 30% of silica led to a lower Payne effect, a higher dynamic rigidity, and an increase in E' of up to about 15% at 70 °C, with similar/lower hysteresis. Indeed, the composites with hBN-OH revealed a better balance of tan delta (higher at low temperatures and lower at high temperatures) and better ultimate properties. The functional groups reasonably promote the interaction of hBN with silica and with the silica's coupling agent, sulfur-based silane, and thus promoted the interaction with the elastomer chains. The volume of the composite, measured using a high-pressure capillary viscometer, increased by about 500% and 400% after one week of storage in the presence of hBN-p and hBN-OH. Hence, both hBNs improved the processability and the shelf life of the composites. Composites obtained using hBN-OH had even filler dispersion without the detachments of the filler from the elastomer matrix, as shown through TEM micrographs. These results pave the way for substantial improvements in the important properties of silica-based composites for tire compounds, used to reduce rolling resistance and thus the improve environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Magaletti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Gea Prioglio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Ulrich Giese
- Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie e. V., Eupener Straße 33, 30519 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vincenzina Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
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8
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Cvetnić M, Šplajt R, Topić E, Rubčić M, Bregović N. Direct thermodynamic characterization of solid-state reactions by isothermal calorimetry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:67-75. [PMID: 37955204 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03933a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing importance of solid-state reactions, their thermodynamic characterization has largely remained unexplored. This is in part due to the lack of methodology for measuring the heat effects related to reactions between solid reactants. We address here this gap and report on the first direct thermodynamic study of chemical reactions between solid reactants by isothermal calorimetry. Three reaction classes, cationic host-guest complex formation, molecular co-crystallization, and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation were investigated, showcasing the versatility of the devised methodology to provide detailed insight into the enthalpy changes related to various reactions. The reliability of the method was confirmed by correlation with the values obtained via solution calorimetry using Hess's law. The thermodynamic characterization of solid-state reactions described here will enable a deeper understanding of the factors governing solid-state processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Cvetnić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac, 102/A, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Robert Šplajt
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac, 102/A, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Edi Topić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac, 102/A, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Mirta Rubčić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac, 102/A, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Nikola Bregović
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac, 102/A, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
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Lupa-Myszkowska M, Oszajca M, Matoga D. From non-conductive MOF to proton-conducting metal-HOFs: a new class of reversible transformations induced by solvent-free mechanochemistry. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14176-14181. [PMID: 38098718 PMCID: PMC10718065 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04401g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton-conducting materials play an important role as solid electrolytes in electrochemical devices for energy storage and conversion, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) and more recently hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have emerged as useful crystalline platforms for proton transport that provide high conductivity and enable insight into conduction pathways. Here, we present two new HOFs with high conductivity, reaching 2 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity, obtained in reactions that represent a new class of reversible transformations of solids. The reactions are induced by solvent-free mechanochemistry and involve breaking of coordination linkages in a MOF and formation of extended hydrogen-bonded networks of metal-HOFs (MHOFs). This unprecedented class of MOF-to-MHOF transformations has been demonstrated using a non-conductive MOF (JUK-1) and formamidinium or methylammonium thiocyanates as solid reactants. Structural details of the solid-state reactions are revealed by powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinements for the MHOF products. None of the attempts using conventional methods were successful in obtaining the MHOFs, emphasizing a unique role of mechanochemical stimuli in the reactivity of supramolecular polymer solids, including crystalline MOFs and HOFs. The reversible nature of non-covalent interactions in such materials may be utilized for the development of healable polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lupa-Myszkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University ul. prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Marcin Oszajca
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
| | - Dariusz Matoga
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
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10
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Liu Y, Liu FZ, Li S, Liu H, Yan K. Biasing the Formation of Solution-Unstable Intermediates in Coordination Self-Assembly by Mechanochemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302563. [PMID: 37670119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the reversible nature of coordination bonds and solvation effect, coordination self-assembly pathways are often difficult to elucidate experimentally in solution, as intermediates and products are in constant equilibration. The present study shows that some of these transient and high-energy self-assembly intermediates can be accessed by means of ball-milling approaches. Among them, highly aqueous-unstable Pd3 L11 and Pd6 L14 open-cage intermediates of the framed Fujita Pd6 L14 cage and Pd2 L22 , Pd3 L21 and Pd4 L22 intermediates of Mukherjee Pd6 L24 capsule are successfully trapped in solid-state, where Pd=tmedaPd2+ , L1=2,4,6-tris(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine and L2=1,3,5-tris(1-imidazolyl)benzene). Their structures are assigned by a combination of solution-based characterization tools such as standard NMR spectroscopy, DOSY NMR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction. Collectively, these results highlight the opportunity of using mechanochemistry to access unique chemical space with vastly different reactivity compared to conventional solution-based supramolecular self-assembly reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Fang-Zi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Shi Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - KaKing Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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11
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Cabeza JA, Reynes JF, García F, García-Álvarez P, García-Soriano R. Fast and scalable solvent-free access to Lappert's heavier tetrylenes E{N(SiMe 3) 2} 2 (E = Ge, Sn, Pb) and ECl{N(SiMe 3) 2} (E = Ge, Sn). Chem Sci 2023; 14:12477-12483. [PMID: 38020393 PMCID: PMC10646885 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02709k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iconic Lappert's heavier tetrylenes E{N(SiMe3)2}2 (E = Ge (1), Sn (2), Pb (3)) have been efficiently prepared from GeCl2·(1,4-dioxane), SnCl2 or PbCl2 and Li{N(SiMe3)2} via a completely solvent-free one-pot mechanochemical route followed by sublimation. This fast, high-yielding and scalable approach (2 has been prepared in a 100 mmol scale), which involves a small environmental footprint, represents a remarkable improvement over any synthetic route reported over the last five decades, being a so far rare example of the use of mechanochemistry in the realm of main group chemistry. This solventless route has been successfully extended to the preparation of other heavier tetrylenes, such as ECl{N(SiMe3)2} (E = Ge (4), Sn (5)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Cabeza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
| | - Javier F Reynes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
| | - Felipe García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Pablo García-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
| | - Rubén García-Soriano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
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12
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Báti G, Laxmi S, Stuparu MC. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Corannulene: Scalable and Efficient Preparation of A Curved Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon under Ball Milling Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202301087. [PMID: 37581302 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Corannulene, a curved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is prepared in a multigram scale through mechanochemical synthesis. Initially, a mixer mill approach is examined and found to be suitable for a gram scale synthesis. For larger scales, planetary mills are used. For instance, 15 g of corannulene could be obtained in a single milling cycle with an isolated yield of 90 %. The yields are lower when the jar rotation rate is lower or higher than 400 revolutions per minute (rpm). Cumulatively, 98 g of corannulene is produced through the ball milling-based grinding techniques. These results indicate the future potential of mechanochemistry in the rational chemical synthesis of highly curved nanocarbons such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Báti
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shoba Laxmi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mihaiela C Stuparu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Sheta SM, Hamouda MA, Ali OI, Kandil AT, Sheha RR, El-Sheikh SM. Recent progress in high-performance environmental impacts of the removal of radionuclides from wastewater based on metal-organic frameworks: a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25182-25208. [PMID: 37622006 PMCID: PMC10445089 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear industry is rapidly developing and the effective management of nuclear waste and monitoring the nuclear fuel cycle are crucial. The presence of various radionuclides such as uranium (U), europium (Eu), technetium (Tc), iodine (I), thorium (Th), cesium (Cs), and strontium (Sr) in the environment is a major concern, and the development of materials with high adsorption capacity and selectivity is essential for their effective removal. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as promising materials for removing radioactive elements from water resources due to their unique properties such as tunable pore size, high surface area, and chemical structure. This review provides an extensive analysis of the potential of MOFs as adsorbents for purifying various radionuclides rather than using different techniques such as precipitation, filtration, ion exchange, electrolysis, solvent extraction, and flotation. This review discusses various MOF fabrication methods, focusing on minimizing environmental impacts when using organic solvents and solvent-free methods, and covers the mechanism of MOF adsorption towards radionuclides, including macroscopic and microscopic views. It also examines the effectiveness of MOFs in removing radionuclides from wastewater, their behavior on exposure to high radiation, and their renewability and reusability. We conclude by emphasizing the need for further research to optimize the performance of MOFs and expand their use in real-world applications. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of MOFs as efficient and durable materials for removing radioactive elements from water resources, addressing a critical issue in the nuclear industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheta M Sheta
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt +201009697356
| | - Mohamed A Hamouda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University Ain Helwan Cairo 11795 Egypt +201098052633
| | - Omnia I Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University Ain Helwan Cairo 11795 Egypt +201098052633
| | - A T Kandil
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University Ain Helwan Cairo 11795 Egypt +201098052633
| | - Reda R Sheha
- Nuclear Chem. Dept., Hot Lab Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority P. O. 13759 Cairo Egypt +20-27142451 +201022316076
| | - Said M El-Sheikh
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute Cairo 11421 Egypt
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14
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Doddapaneni VVK, Lee K, Aysal HE, Paul BK, Pasebani S, Sierros KA, Okwudire CE, Chang CH. A Review on Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of Material Jetting of Copper and Tungsten. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2303. [PMID: 37630889 PMCID: PMC10459285 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and tungsten (W) possess exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity properties, making them suitable candidates for applications such as interconnects and thermal conductivity enhancements. Solution-based additive manufacturing (SBAM) offers unique advantages, including patterning capabilities, cost-effectiveness, and scalability among the various methods for manufacturing Cu and W-based films and structures. In particular, SBAM material jetting techniques, such as inkjet printing (IJP), direct ink writing (DIW), and aerosol jet printing (AJP), present a promising approach for design freedom, low material wastes, and versatility as either stand-alone printers or integrated with powder bed-based metal additive manufacturing (MAM). Thus, this review summarizes recent advancements in solution-processed Cu and W, focusing on IJP, DIW, and AJP techniques. The discussion encompasses general aspects, current status, challenges, and recent research highlights. Furthermore, this paper addresses integrating material jetting techniques with powder bed-based MAM to fabricate functional alloys and multi-material structures. Finally, the factors influencing large-scale fabrication and potential prospects in this area are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Vinay K. Doddapaneni
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Kijoon Lee
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Havva Eda Aysal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (H.E.A.); (K.A.S.)
| | - Brian K. Paul
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Advanced Technology and Manufacturing Institute (ATAMI), Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Somayeh Pasebani
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Advanced Technology and Manufacturing Institute (ATAMI), Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Konstantinos A. Sierros
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (H.E.A.); (K.A.S.)
| | - Chinedum E. Okwudire
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Chih-hung Chang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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15
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Saha S, Bhosle AA, Chatterjee A, Banerjee M. Mechanochemical Duff Reaction in Solid Phase for Easy Access to Mono- and Di-formyl Electron-Rich Arenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:10002-10013. [PMID: 37418632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable alternative to the century-old Duff reaction was developed by adopting a solid-phase mechanochemical route. A series of mono-formyl electron-rich arenes were prepared in high yields in silica as the solid reaction media using a combination of hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as the formyl source and a small amount of H2SO4 in a mixer mill. The use of toxic, costly, and low-boiling trifluoroacetic acid was avoided in the new mold of the mechanochemical Duff reaction. The mono-formyl phenols were obtained with exclusive ortho-selectivity, whereas unprecedented para-formylation was observed for other electron-rich aromatics. By controlling the stoichiometry of HMTA, the method offers easy access to di-formylated phenols as well. The scalability of the reaction was validated with selected substrates at the gram-scale level. In a case study, a mechanochemical tandem reaction was explored in the synthesis of a rhodol derivative. The solvent-free, metal-free mild method of formylation, with the absence of tedious work-up steps and shorter reaction times using an inexpensive mineral acid, is a sustainable alternative to the available methods for aromatic formylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Saha
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
| | - Akhil A Bhosle
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17B Bypass Road, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
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16
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Shieh M, Li Y, Hsu M. Structure–property relationship of dipyridyl−Cu polymers containing inorganic clusters Te/
SeFe
3
(
CO
)
9. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202300054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghuey Shieh
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Huei Li
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming‐Chi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Mechanochemical synthesis and structural evaluation of a metastable polymorph of Ti 3Sn. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2023-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A metastable polymorph of Ti3Sn (called c-Ti3Sn) exhibiting the cubic Cr3Si-type structure was prepared by a mechanochemical route. At temperatures of about 450 °C, it transforms to the well-known hexagonal phase (Ni3Sn type, called h-Ti3Sn). 0.5% of iron was incorporated into the material originating from the steel beaker and the steel balls. However, quantum-chemical calculations show that this should not lead to a stabilization of the Cr3Si type. c-Ti3Sn shows a single signal at an isomer shift of δ = 1.70(1) mm s−1 in its 119Sn Mössbauer spectrum at 78 K.
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18
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Bartalucci E, Schumacher C, Hendrickx L, Puccetti F, d'Anciães Almeida Silva I, Dervişoğlu R, Puttreddy R, Bolm C, Wiegand T. Disentangling the Effect of Pressure and Mixing on a Mechanochemical Bromination Reaction by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203466. [PMID: 36445819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces, including compressive stresses, have a significant impact on chemical reactions. Besides the preparative opportunities, mechanochemical conditions benefit from the absence of any organic solvent, the possibility of a significant synthetic acceleration and unique reaction pathways. Together with an accurate characterization of ball-milling products, the development of a deeper mechanistic understanding of the occurring transformations at a molecular level is critical for fully grasping the potential of organic mechanosynthesis. We herein studied a bromination of a cyclic sulfoximine in a mixer mill and used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for structural characterization of the reaction products. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) was applied for elucidating the product mixtures taken from the milling jar without introducing any further post-processing on the sample. Ex situ 13 C-detected NMR spectra of ball-milling products showed the formation of a crystalline solid phase with the regioselective bromination of the S-aryl group of the heterocycle in position 4. Completion is reached in less than 30 minutes as deduced from the NMR spectra. The bromination can also be achieved by magnetic stirring, but then, a longer reaction time is required. Mixing the solid educts in the NMR rotor allows to get in situ insights into the reaction and enables the detection of a reaction intermediate. The pressure alone induced in the rotor by MAS is not sufficient to lead to full conversion and the reaction occurs on slower time scales than in the ball mill, which is crucial for analysing mixtures taken from the milling jar by solid-state NMR. Our data suggest that on top of centrifugal forces, an efficient mixing of the starting materials is required for reaching a complete reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Bartalucci
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leeroy Hendrickx
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesco Puccetti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rıza Dervişoğlu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry P. O. Box. 35, Survontie 9B, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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19
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Némethová V, Krištofíková D, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. Asymmetric Organocatalysis Under Mechanochemical Conditions. CHEM REC 2023:e202200283. [PMID: 36703542 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis is a robust methodology providing access to numerous valuable compounds while having green chemistry principles in mind. The realization of organocatalytic transformation under solvent-free mechanochemical conditions brings additional benefits in terms of yields, selectivities, and, last but not least overall improved sustainability. This overview describes developments in the use of mechanochemistry as a vehicle for asymmetric organocatalytic transformations. The material is organized according to main catalytic activation modes, starting with covalent activation and proceeding to non-covalent activation modes. The advantages of mechanochemical organocatalytic reactions are particularly highlighted, but in some cases also, limitations are mentioned. Possibilities for target compound synthesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Némethová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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20
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Borah B, Swain S, Patat M, Kumar B, Prajapat KK, Biswas R, Vasantha R, Chowhan LR. Brønsted acid catalyzed mechanochemical domino multicomponent reactions by employing liquid assisted grindstone chemistry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1386. [PMID: 36697475 PMCID: PMC9876939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we have demonstrated a metal-free energy-efficient mechanochemical approach for expedient access to a diverse set of 2-amino-3-cyano-aryl/heteroaryl-4H-chromenes, tetrahydrospiro[chromene-3,4'-indoline], 2,2'-aryl/heteroarylmethylene-bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone) as well as tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-one by employing the reactivity of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione/cyclohexane-1,3-dione with TsOH⋅H2O as Brønsted acid catalyst under water-assisted grinding conditions at ambient temperature. The ability to accomplish multiple C-C, C=C, C-O, and C-N bonds from readily available starting materials via a domino multicomponent strategy in the absence of metal-catalyst as well as volatile organic solvents with an immediate reduction in the cost of the transformation without necessitates complex operational procedures, features the significant highlights of this approach. The excellent yield of the products, broad functional group tolerances, easy set-up, column-free, scalable synthesis with ultralow catalyst loading, short reaction time, waste-free, ligand-free, and toxic-free, are other notable advantages of this approach. The greenness and sustainability of the protocol were also established by demonstrating several green metrics parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Sidhartha Swain
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Mihir Patat
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Ketan Kumar Prajapat
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Rathindranath Biswas
- grid.428366.d0000 0004 1773 9952Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - R. Vasantha
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - L. Raju Chowhan
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
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21
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Baier DM, Rensch T, Bergheim K, Pietryga V, Grätz S, Borchardt L. The Mechanochemical Fries Rearrangement: Manipulating Isomer Ratios in the Synthesis of p-Hydroxyacetophenone at Different Scales. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203931. [PMID: 36683470 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the first mechanochemical Fries rearrangement for the industrially important synthesis of para-hydroxyacetophenone, inside a ball mill and a twin-screw extruder, is presented. Our approach leads to a yield of 62 % in as little as 90 minutes while liquid-assisted grinding can shift the isomer ratio resulting in an excess of the desired para-product. The multigram scale-up by extrusion leads to 61 % yield in only three minutes while completely avoiding solvents. The extrusion temperature can even further be reduced by combining extrusion with a subsequent ageing step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Baier
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tilo Rensch
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Konrad Bergheim
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria Pietryga
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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22
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He P, Hu Z, Dai Z, Bai H, Fan Z, Niu R, Gong J, Zhao Q, Tang T. Mechanochemistry Milling of Waste Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) into Metal-Organic Frameworks. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201935. [PMID: 36441157 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Converting poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has emerged as a promising innovation for upcycling of waste plastics. However, previous solvothermal methods suffer from toxic solvent consumption, long reaction time, high pressure, and high temperature. Herein, a mechanochemical milling strategy was reported to transform waste PET into a series of MOFs with high yields. This strategy had the merits of solvent-free conditions, ambient reaction temperature, short running time, and easy scale-up for large-scale production of MOFs. The as-prepared MOFs exhibited definite crystal structure and porous morphology composed of agglomerated nanoparticles. It was proven that, under mechanochemical milling, PET was firstly decomposed into 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, which acted as linkers to coordinate with metal ions for forming fragments, followed by the gradual arrangement of fragments into MOFs. This work not only promotes high value-added conversion of waste polyesters but also offers a new opportunity to produce MOFs in a green and scalable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan He
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430073, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Bai
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zifen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ran Niu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Semiconductor Chemistry Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
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23
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Kobayashi H, Suzuki Y, Sagawa T, Saito M, Fukuoka A. Selective Synthesis of Oligosaccharides by Mechanochemical Hydrolysis of Chitin over a Carbon-Based Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214229. [PMID: 36307374 PMCID: PMC10099807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides possess fascinating functions that are applicable in a variety of fields, such as agriculture. However, the selective synthesis of oligosaccharides, especially chitin-oligosaccharides, has remained a challenge. Chitin-oligosaccharides activate the plant immune system, enabling crops to withstand pathogens without harmful agrichemicals. Here, we demonstrate the conversion of chitin to chitin-oligosaccharides using a carbon catalyst with weak acid sites and mechanical milling. The catalyst produces chitin-oligosaccharides with up to 94 % selectivity in good yields. Monte-Carlo simulations indicate that our system preferentially hydrolyzes larger chitin molecules over oligomers, thus providing the desired high selectivity. This unique kinetics is in contrast to the fact that typical catalytic systems rapidly hydrolyze oligomers to monomers. Unlike other materials carbons more strongly adsorb large polysaccharides than small oligomers, which is suitable for the selective synthesis of small oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Komaba Institute for Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.,Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Sagawa
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Showa Denko K.K., 1-13-9 Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8518, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukuoka
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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24
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Chakma P, Zeitler SM, Baum F, Yu J, Shindy W, Pozzo LD, Golder MR. Mechanoredox Catalysis Enables a Sustainable and Versatile Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215733. [PMID: 36395245 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable synthesis of macromolecules with control over sequence and molar mass remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. By coupling mechanochemistry and electron-transfer processes (i.e., mechanoredox catalysis), an energy-conscious controlled radical polymerization methodology is realized. This work explores an efficient mechanoredox reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization process using mechanical stimuli by implementing piezoelectric barium titanate and a diaryliodonium initiator with minimal solvent usage. This mechanoredox RAFT process demonstrates exquisite control over poly(meth)acrylate dispersity and chain length while also showcasing an alternative to the solution-state synthesis of semifluorinated polymers that typically utilize exotic solvents and/or reagents. This chemistry will find utility in the sustainable development of materials across the energy, biomedical, and engineering communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Progyateg Chakma
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering & Science Institute, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sarah M Zeitler
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering & Science Institute, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fábio Baum
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Washington, 105 Benson Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jiatong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering & Science Institute, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Waseem Shindy
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering & Science Institute, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lilo D Pozzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Washington, 105 Benson Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Matthew R Golder
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering & Science Institute, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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25
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Leon F, Li C, Reynes JF, Singh VK, Lian X, Ong HC, Hum G, Sun H, García F. Mechanosynthesis and photophysics of colour-tunable photoluminescent group 13 metal complexes with sterically demanding salen and salophen ligands. Faraday Discuss 2023; 241:63-78. [PMID: 36218327 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of four photoluminescent Al and In complexes were synthesised using an environmentally-benign mechanosynthesis strategy. Sterically crowded 3,5-di-tert-butyl functionalised salophen and salen ligands and their respective complexes have been synthesised in the solid-state and fully characterised. Subsequent photophysics and electrochemistry studies of the resulting complexes suggest that these new group 13 complexes can be viable alternatives to traditional photoluminescent complexes based on expensive and low abundant noble metals. The herein-reported strategy avoids the use of organic solvents and provides a process with low environmental impact and enhanced energy efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Leon
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Chenfei Li
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Javier F Reynes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Varun K Singh
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Xiao Lian
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - How Chee Ong
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Gavin Hum
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Handong Sun
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain.
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26
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Liu X, Li Y, Zeng L, Li X, Chen N, Bai S, He H, Wang Q, Zhang C. A Review on Mechanochemistry: Approaching Advanced Energy Materials with Greener Force. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108327. [PMID: 35015320 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry with solvent-free and environmentally friendly characteristics is one of the most promising alternatives to traditional liquid-phase-based reactions, demonstrating epoch-making significance in the realization of different types of chemistry. Mechanochemistry utilizes mechanical energy to promote physical and chemical transformations to design complex molecules and nanostructured materials, encourage dispersion and recombination of multiphase components, and accelerate reaction rates and efficiencies via highly reactive surfaces. In particular, mechanochemistry deserves special attention because it is capable of endowing energy materials with unique characteristics and properties. Herein, the latest advances and progress in mechanochemistry for the preparation and modification of energy materials are reviewed. An outline of the basic knowledge, methods, and characteristics of different mechanochemical strategies is presented, distinguishing this review from most mechanochemistry reviews that only focus on ball-milling. Next, this outline is followed by a detailed and insightful discussion of mechanochemistry-involved energy conversion and storage applications. The discussion comprehensively covers aspects of energy transformations from mechanical/optical/chemical energy to electrical energy. Finally, next-generation advanced energy materials are proposed. This review is intended to bring mechanochemistry to the frontline and guide this burgeoning field of interdisciplinary research for developing advanced energy materials with greener mechanical force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shibing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hanna He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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27
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Langerreiter D, Kostiainen MA, Kaabel S, Anaya‐Plaza E. A Greener Route to Blue: Solid-State Synthesis of Phthalocyanines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209033. [PMID: 35876617 PMCID: PMC9804881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines are important organic dyes with a broad applicability in optoelectronics, catalysis, sensing and nanomedicine. Currently, phthalocyanines are synthetized in high boiling organic solvents, like dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), which is a flammable, corrosive, and bioactive substance, miscible with water and harmful to the environment. Here we show a new solid-state approach for the high-yielding synthesis of phthalocyanines, which reduces up to 100-fold the amount of DMAE. Through systematic screening of solid-state reaction parameters, carried out by ball-milling and aging, we reveal the influence of key variables-temperature, presence of a template, and the amount and role of DMAE in the conversion of tBu phthalonitrile to tetra-tBu phthalocyanine. These results set the foundations to synthesize these high-performance dyes through a greener approach, opening the field of solid-state synthesis to a wider family of phthalocyanines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Kaabel
- Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto University02150EspooFinland
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28
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Jodra A, García-Iriepa C, Frutos LM. Mechanical Activation of Forbidden Photoreactivity in Oxa-di-π-methane Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12586-12595. [PMID: 36166757 PMCID: PMC9552220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this work, we demonstrate that the forbidden oxirane-type
photoproduct
(the cyclopropyl ketone photoproduct is the allowed one) of the oxa-di-π-methane
photorearrangement can be obtained by mechanochemical control of the
photoreactions. This control is achieved by the application of simple
force pairs rationally chosen. By analyzing in detail the effect of
the applied forces on this photoreaction, it comes to light that the
mechanical action affects the diverse properties of the oxa-di-π-methane
rearrangement, modifying all the steps of the reaction: (i) the initial
ground-state conformers’ distribution becomes affected; (ii)
the new conformational population makes the triplet excitation process
to be changed, responding to the magnitude of the applied force; (iii)
the stability of the different intermediates along the triplet pathway
also becomes affected, changing the dynamical behavior of the system
and the reaction kinetics; and (iv) the intersystem crossing also
becomes strongly affected, making the forbidden oxirane-type photoproduct
to decay more efficiently to the ground state. All these changes provide
a complex scenario where a detailed study of the effect of applied
forces is necessary in order to predict its overall effect on the
photoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Jodra
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Grupo de Reactividad y Estructura Molecular (RESMOL), Alcalá de Henares 28806, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Iriepa
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Grupo de Reactividad y Estructura Molecular (RESMOL), Alcalá de Henares 28806, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Química ''Andrés M. del Río'' (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28806, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Frutos
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Grupo de Reactividad y Estructura Molecular (RESMOL), Alcalá de Henares 28806, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Química ''Andrés M. del Río'' (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28806, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Wang G, Geng Y, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Li X, Wu Z, Bi S, Zhan H, Liu W. Exploring the In Situ Formation Mechanism of Polymeric Aluminum Chloride-Silica Gel Composites under Mechanical Grinding Conditions: As a High-Performance Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Xanthene and Pyrimidinone Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32577-32587. [PMID: 36120003 PMCID: PMC9476523 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of mechanical ball milling to facilitate the synthesis of organic compounds has attracted intense interest from organic chemists. Herein, we report a new process for the preparation of xanthene and pyrimidinone compounds by a one-pot method using polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC), silica gel, and reaction raw materials under mechanical grinding conditions. During the grinding process, polymeric aluminum chloride and silica gel were reconstituted in situ to obtain a new composite catalyst (PAC-silica gel). This catalyst has good stability (six cycles) and wide applicability (22 substrates). The Al-O-Si active center formed by in situ grinding recombination was revealed to be the key to the effective catalytic performance of the PAC-silica gel composites by the comprehensive analysis of the catalytic materials before and after use. In addition, the mechanism of action of the catalyst was verified using density functional theory, and the synthetic pathway of the xanthene compound was reasonably speculated with the experimental data. Mechanical ball milling serves two purposes in this process: not only to induce the self-assembly of silica and PAC into new composites but also to act as a driving force for the catalytic reaction to take place. From a practical point of view, this "one-pot" catalytic method eliminates the need for a complex preparation process for catalytic materials. This is a successful example of the application of mechanochemistry in materials and organic synthesis, offering unlimited possibilities for the application of inorganic polymer materials in green synthesis and catalysis promoted by mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yage Geng
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Zejing Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia
Normal university, Guyuan 756000, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Bi
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Zhan
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical
Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry
Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
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30
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Quintana AA, Sztapka AM, Santos Ebinuma VDC, Agatemor C. Enabling Sustainable Chemistry with Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Fad or the Future? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205609. [PMID: 35789078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) debuted with a promise of a superior sustainability footprint due to their low vapor pressure. However, their toxicity and high cost compromise this footprint, impeding their real-world applications. Fortunately, their property tunability through a rational selection of precursors, including bioderived ones, provides a strategy to ameliorate toxicity, lower cost, and endow new functions. This Review discusses whether ILs and DESs are sustainable solvents and how they contribute to sustainable chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valéria de Carvalho Santos Ebinuma
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Agatemor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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31
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Bolt RRA, Raby‐Buck SE, Ingram K, Leitch JA, Browne DL. Temperature‐Controlled Mechanochemistry for the Nickel‐Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura‐Type Coupling of Aryl Sulfamates via Ball Milling and Twin‐Screw Extrusion. **. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210508. [PMID: 36082766 PMCID: PMC9828252 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The nickel catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura-type coupling of aryl sulfamates and boronic acid derivatives enabled by temperature-controlled mechanochemistry via the development of a programmable PID-controlled jar heater is reported. This base-metal-catalyzed, solvent-free, all-under-air protocol was also scaled 200-fold using twin-screw extrusion technology affording decagram quantities of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R. A. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29-39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Sarah E. Raby‐Buck
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29-39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Katharine Ingram
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknell, BerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29-39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29-39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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32
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A Mechanochemical, Catalyst‐Free Cascade Synthesis of 1,3‐Diols and 1,4‐Iodoalcohols Using Styrenes and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207926. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Pickhardt W, Beaković C, Mayer M, Wohlgemuth M, Kraus FJL, Etter M, Grätz S, Borchardt L. The Direct Mechanocatalytic Suzuki–Miyaura Reaction of Small Organic Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205003. [PMID: 35638133 PMCID: PMC9543434 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The molecular Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction was conducted mechanochemically, without solvents, ligands, or catalyst powders. Utilizing one catalytically active palladium milling ball, products could be formed in quantitative yield in as little as 30 min. In contrast to previous reports, the adjustment of milling parameters led to the complete elimination of abrasion from the catalyst ball, thus enabling the first reported systematic catalyst analysis. XPS, in situ XRD, and reference experiments provided evidence that the milling ball surface was the location of the catalysis, allowing a mechanism to be proposed. The versatility of the approach was demonstrated by extending the substrate scope to deactivated and even sterically hindered aryl iodides and bromides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilm Pickhardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Claudio Beaković
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Maike Mayer
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Maximilian Wohlgemuth
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Fabien Joel Leon Kraus
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Martin Etter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) Notkestraße 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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34
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Lv H, Xu X, Li J, Huang X, Fang G, Zheng L. Mechanochemical Divergent Syntheses of Oxindoles and α‐Arylacylamides via Controllable Construction of C−C and C−N Bonds by Copper and Piezoelectric Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206420. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honggui Lv
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou 325001 China
- Oujiang Laboratory of ZheJiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health Wenzhou 325001 China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou 325001 China
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Jing Li
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Guoyong Fang
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Lifei Zheng
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou 325001 China
- Oujiang Laboratory of ZheJiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health Wenzhou 325001 China
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35
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Čarný T, Peňaška T, Andrejčák S, Šebesta R. Mechanochemical Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Arylhalides and Organozinc Pivalates. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202040. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Čarný
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Tibor Peňaška
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Samuel Andrejčák
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
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36
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Petersen H, De Bellis J, Leiting S, Das SM, Schmidt W, Schüth F, Weidenthaler C. Operando X‐ray Powder Diffraction Study of Mechanochemical Activation Tested for the CO Oxidation over Au@Fe2O3 as Model Reaction. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Petersen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Jacopo De Bellis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Sebastian Leiting
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Saurabh Mohan Das
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH Structure and Nano-/ Micromechanics of Materials GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Heterogeneous Catalysis Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
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37
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Hollenbach R, Delavault A, Gebhardt L, Soergel H, Muhle-Goll C, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Lipase-Mediated Mechanoenzymatic Synthesis of Sugar Esters in Dissolved Unconventional and Neat Reaction Systems. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:10192-10202. [PMID: 35966390 PMCID: PMC9364441 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical and biocatalytic approaches in modern research are two major assets to develop greener processes. In the present study, these modular tools of sustainability are pointed toward the production of versatile and daily employed compounds such as surfactants. Toward this aim, glycolipids, a class of nonionic surfactants composed of ubiquitous and primary metabolites such as sugar and fatty acid moieties, represent a promising alternative to petroleum-derived surface-active agents. Therefore, the combination of biocatalysis with mechanochemistry aiming at glycolipid synthesis seemed a logical step that was taken in this study for the first time. The monoacylated model compound glucose-6-O-decanoate was synthesized with the help of a bead mill apparatus using two different unconventional dissolved reaction systems, namely, menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents and 2-methyl-2-butanol, thus reaching up to 12% yield in the latter based on the conversion of vinyl decanoate, after only 90 min of reaction. In addition, a neat reaction system using an excess of vinylated fatty ester as an adjuvant allowed a 27 mM/h space-time yield. The overall significant increase in productivities, up to 6 times, compared to standard heating and shaking methods, shows the tremendous potential of mechanoenzymatic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hollenbach
- Technical
Biology, Institute for Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - André Delavault
- Technical
Biology, Institute for Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Laura Gebhardt
- Technical
Biology, Institute for Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Hannah Soergel
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces 4 and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Claudia Muhle-Goll
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces 4 and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical
Biology, Institute for Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical
Biology, Institute for Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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38
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Shi P, Tu Y, Kong D, Wu P, Ma D, Bolm C. Iron‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Arene C(sp
2
)−H Amidations under Mechanochemical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204874. [PMID: 35511087 PMCID: PMC9401578 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In a ball mill, FeBr3‐catalyzed intramolecular amidations lead to 3,4‐dihydro‐2(1H)‐quinolinones in good to almost quantitative yields. The reactions do not require a solvent and are easy to perform. No additional ligand is needed for the iron catalyst. Both 4‐substituted aryl and β‐substituted dioxazolones provide products with high selectivity. Mechanistically, an electrophilic spirocyclization followed by C−C migration explains the formation of rearranged products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shi
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Yongliang Tu
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Deshen Kong
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Peng Wu
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Ding Ma
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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39
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Langerreiter D, Kostiainen MA, Kaabel S, Anaya-Plaza E. A Greener Route to Blue: Solid‐State Synthesis of Phthalocyanines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Pan L, Zheng L, Chen Y, Ke Z, Yeung YY. Mechanochemical and Catalyst‐Free Cascade Synthesis of 1,3‐Diols and 1,4‐Iodoalcohols Using Styrenes and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Pan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Long Zheng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Ye Chen
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Zhihai Ke
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Chemistry Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China 000000 Hong Kong HONG KONG
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41
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Agatemor C, Quintana AA, Sztapka LM, Ebinuma VDCS. Enabling Sustainable Chemistry with Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: a Fad or the Future? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agatemor
- University of Miami - Coral Gables Campus: University of Miami Chemistry 1301 Memorial Dr 33146 Coral Gables UNITED STATES
| | - Aline Andrea Quintana
- University of Miami - Coral Gables Campus: University of Miami Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Lani Maria Sztapka
- University of Miami - Coral Gables Campus: University of Miami Chemistry UNITED STATES
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42
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Qin W, Si D, Yin Q, Gao X, Huang Q, Feng Y, Xie L, Zhang S, Huang X, Liu T, Cao R. Reticular Synthesis of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives via Mechanochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202089. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Kang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Duan‐Hui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Qian‐Qian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Song Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Tian‐Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
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43
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Xuan M, Schumacher C, Bolm C, Göstl R, Herrmann A. The Mechanochemical Synthesis and Activation of Carbon-Rich π-Conjugated Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105497. [PMID: 35048569 PMCID: PMC9259731 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry uses mechanical force to break, form, and manipulate chemical bonds to achieve functional transformations and syntheses. Over the last years, many innovative applications of mechanochemistry have been developed. Specifically for the synthesis and activation of carbon-rich π-conjugated materials, mechanochemistry offers reaction pathways that either are inaccessible with other stimuli, such as light and heat, or improve reaction yields, energy consumption, and substrate scope. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent advances in this research field combining the viewpoints of polymer and trituration mechanochemistry. The highlighted mechanochemical transformations include π-conjugated materials as optical force probes, the force-induced release of small dye molecules, and the mechanochemical synthesis of polyacetylene, carbon allotropes, and other π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Xuan
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
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44
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Lv H, Xu X, Li J, Huang X, Fang G, Zheng L. Mechanochemical Divergent Syntheses of Oxindoles and α‐Arylacylamides via Controllable Construction of C‐C and C‐N Bonds by Copper and Piezoelectric Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honggui Lv
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Institute CHINA
| | - Xinyue Xu
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering CHINA
| | - Jing Li
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Wenzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering CHINA
| | | | - Lifei Zheng
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Institute Wenzhou Institute No. 1, Jinlian Road, Longwan District 325001 Wenzhou CHINA
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45
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Shi P, Tu Y, Kong D, Wu P, Ma D, Bolm C. Iron‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Arene C(sp
2
)−H Amidations under Mechanochemical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yongliang Tu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Deshen Kong
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Peng Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Ding Ma
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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46
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Pickhardt W, Beaković C, Mayer M, Wohlgemuth M, Leon Kraus FJ, Etter M, Grätz S, Borchardt L. The Direct Mechanocatalytic Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction of Small Organic Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilm Pickhardt
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Claudio Beaković
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Maike Mayer
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | | | | | - Martin Etter
- DESY Accelerator Centre: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY GERMANY
| | - Sven Grätz
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Inorganic Chemistry Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum GERMANY
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47
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Min S, Park B, Nedsaengtip J, Hyeok Hong S. Mechanochemical Direct Fluorination of Unactivated C(
sp
3
)−H Bonds. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sehye Min
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Beomsoon Park
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jantakan Nedsaengtip
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyeok Hong
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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48
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Jędrzkiewicz D, Langer J, Harder S. Low‐valent Mg(I) complexes by ball‐milling. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Jędrzkiewicz
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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49
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Qin W, Si D, Yin Q, Gao X, Huang Q, Feng Y, Xie L, Zhang S, Huang X, Liu T, Cao R. Reticular Synthesis of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives via Mechanochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Kang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Duan‐Hui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Qian‐Qian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Song Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Tian‐Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fujian Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
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50
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Zänker S, Scholz G, Marquardt J, Emmerling F. Structural changes in Ba‐compounds of different hardness induced by high‐energy ball milling – evidenced by
137
Ba NMR and X‐ray powder diffraction. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Zänker
- Department Materials Chemistry Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 D-12489 Berlin Germany
- I Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 D-12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Gudrun Scholz
- I Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 D-12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Julien Marquardt
- Department Materials Chemistry Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 D-12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- Department Materials Chemistry Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 D-12489 Berlin Germany
- I Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 D-12489 Berlin Germany
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