1
|
Yu S, Rautiainen JM, Kumar P, Gentiluomo L, Ward JS, Rissanen K, Puttreddy R. Ortho-Substituent Effects on Halogen Bond Geometry for N-Haloimide⋯2-Substituted Pyridine Complexes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307208. [PMID: 38059769 PMCID: PMC10853718 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The nature of (imide)N-X⋯N(pyridine) halogen-bonded complexes formed by six N-haloimides and sixteen 2-substituted pyridines are studied using X-ray crystallography (68 crystal structures), Density Functional Theory (DFT) (86 complexation energies), and NMR spectroscopy (90 association constants). Strong halogen bond (XB) donors such as N-iodosuccinimide form only 1:1 haloimide:pyridine crystalline complexes, but even stronger N-iodosaccharin forms 1:1 haloimide:pyridine and three other distinct complexes. In 1:1 haloimide:pyridine crystalline complexes, the haloimide's N─X bond exhibits an unusual bond bending feature that is larger for stronger N-haloimides. DFT complexation energies (ΔEXB ) for iodoimide-pyridine complexes range from -44 to -99 kJ mol-1 , while for N-bromoimide-pyridine, they are between -31 and -77 kJ mol-1 . The ΔEXB of I⋯N XBs in 1:1 iodosaccharin:pyridine complexes are the largest of their kind, but they are substantially smaller than those in [bis(saccharinato)iodine(I)]pyridinium salts (-576 kJ mol-1 ), formed by N-iodosaccharin and pyridines. The NMR association constants and ΔEXB energies of 1:1 haloimide:pyridine complexes do not correlate as these complexes in solution are heavily influenced by secondary interactions, which DFT studies do not account for. Association constants follow the σ-hole strengths of N-haloimides, which agree with DFT and crystallography data. The haloimide:2-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine complex undergoes a halogenation reaction resulting in 5-iodo-2-dimethylaminopyridine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Yu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - J. Mikko Rautiainen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - Lorenzo Gentiluomo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 35Jyvaskyla40014Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fotović L, Bedeković N, Stilinović V. Keggin-Type Anions as Halogen Bond Acceptors. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:3384-3392. [PMID: 37159658 PMCID: PMC10162449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To study the potential of Keggin-type polyoxometalate anions to act as halogen bond acceptors, we have prepared a series of 10 halogen-bonded compounds starting from phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acid and halogenopyridinium cations as halogen (and hydrogen) bond donors. In all the structures, the cations and the anions were interconnected by halogen bonds, more often with terminal M=O oxygen atoms than with bridging oxygen atoms as acceptors. In four structures comprising protonated iodopyridinium cations capable of forming both hydrogen and halogen bonds with the anion, the halogen bond with the anion is apparently favored, whereas hydrogen bonds preferentially involve other acceptors present in the structure. In three obtained structures derived from phosphomolybdic acid, the corresponding oxoanion has been found in its reduced state [Mo12PO40]4-, which has also led to a decrease in halogen bond lengths as compared to the fully oxidated [Mo12PO40]3-. The electrostatic potential on the three types of anions involved in the study ([Mo12PO40]3-, [Mo12PO40]4-, and [W12PO40]3-) has been calculated for optimized geometries of the anions, and it has been shown that the terminal M=O oxygen atoms are the least negative sites of the anions, indicating that they act as halogen bond acceptors primarily due to their steric availability.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bedeković N, Piteša T, Eraković M, Stilinović V, Cinčić D. Anticooperativity of Multiple Halogen Bonds and Its Effect on Stoichiometry of Cocrystals of Perfluorinated Iodobenzenes. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:2644-2653. [PMID: 35401054 PMCID: PMC8991082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To investigate influences on the topicity of perfluorinated halobenzenes as halogen bond (XB) donors in the solid state, we have conducted a database survey and prepared 18 novel cocrystals of potentially ditopic (13ditfb, 14ditfb) and tritopic (135titfb) XB donors with 15 monotopic pyridines. 135titfb shows high tendency to be mono- or ditopic, but with strong bases it can act as a tritopic XB donor. DFT calculations have shown that binding of a single acceptor molecule on one of the iodine atoms of the XB donor reduces the ESPmax on the remaining iodine atoms and dramatically decreases their potential for forming further halogen bonds, which explains both the high occurrence of crystal structures where the donors do not achieve their maximal topicity and the observed differences in halogen bond lengths. Despite the fact that this effect increases with the basicity of the acceptor, when the increase of halogen bond energy due to the basicity of the acceptor compensates its decrease due to the reduction of the acidity of the donor, it enables strong bases to form cocrystals in which a potentially polytopic XB donor achieves its maximal topicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Bedeković
- University
of Zagreb, Faculty of Science,
Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Piteša
- Ruđer
Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mihael Eraković
- Ruđer
Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- University
of Zagreb, Faculty of Science,
Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dominik Cinčić
- University
of Zagreb, Faculty of Science,
Department of Chemistry, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu S, Ward JS, Truong K, Rissanen K. Carbonyl Hypoiodites as Extremely Strong Halogen Bond Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Yu
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Khai‐Nghi Truong
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu S, Ward JS, Truong K, Rissanen K. Carbonyl Hypoiodites as Extremely Strong Halogen Bond Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20739-20743. [PMID: 34268851 PMCID: PMC8518949 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutral halogen-bonded O-I-N complexes were prepared from in situ formed carbonyl hypoiodites and aromatic organic bases. The carbonyl hypoiodites have a strongly polarized iodine atom with larger σ-holes than any known uncharged halogen bond donor. Modulating the Lewis basicity of the selected pyridine derivatives and carboxylates leads to halogen-bonded complexes where the classical O-I⋅⋅⋅N halogen bond transforms more into a halogen-bonded COO- ⋅⋅⋅I-N+ ion-pair (salt) with an asymmetric O-I-N moiety. X-ray analyses, NMR studies, and calculations reveal the halogen bonding geometries of the carbonyl hypoiodite-based O-I-N complexes, confirming that in the solid-state the iodine atom is much closer to the N-atom of the pyridine derivatives than its original position at the carboxylate O-atom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Yu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Khai‐Nghi Truong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tautomeric Equilibrium of an Asymmetric β-Diketone in Halogen-Bonded Cocrystals with Perfluorinated Iodobenzenes. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the effect of halogen bond on tautomerism in β-diketones in the solid-state, we have prepared a series of cocrystals derived from an asymmetric β-diketone, benzoyl-4-pyridoylmethane (b4pm), as halogen bond acceptor and perfluorinated iodobenzenes: iodopentaflourobenzene (ipfb), 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-diiodotetraflorobenzene (12tfib, 13tfib and 14tfib) and 1,3,5-triiodo-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene (135titfb). All five cocrystals are assembled by I···N halogen bonds involving pyridyl nitrogen and iodoperfluorobenzene iodine resulting in 1:1 (four compounds) or 1:2 (one compound) cocrystal stoichiometry. Tautomer of b4pm in which hydrogen atom is adjacent to the pyridyl fragment was found to be more stable in vacuo than tautomer with a benzoyl hydroxyl group. This tautomer is also found to be dominant in the majority of crystal structures, somewhat more abundantly in crystal structures of cocrystals in which additional I···O halogen bond with the benzoyl oxygen has been established. Attempts have also been made to prepare an equivalent series of cocrystals using a closely related asymmetric β-diketone, benzoyl-3-pyridoylmethane (b3pm); however, all attempts were unsuccessful, which is attributed to more effective crystal packing of b3pm isomer compared to b4pm, which reduced the probability of cocrystal formation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Maxson T, Jalilov AS, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Halogen Bonding Between Anions: Association of Anion Radicals of Tetraiodo‐
p
‐benzoquinone with Iodide Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemistry Ball State University Muncie IN 47306 USA
| | - Almaz S. Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maxson T, Jalilov AS, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Halogen Bonding Between Anions: Association of Anion Radicals of Tetraiodo-p-benzoquinone with Iodide Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17197-17201. [PMID: 32497382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding between two negatively charged species, tetraiodo-p-benzoquinone anion radicals (I4 Q-. ) and iodide anions, was observed and characterized for the first time. X-ray structural and EPR/UV-Vis spectral studies revealed that the anion-anion bonding led to the formation of crystals comprising 2D layers of I4 Q-. anion radicals linked by iodides and separated by Et4 N+ counter-ions. Computational analysis suggested that the seemingly antielectrostatic halogen bonds in these systems were formed via a combination of several factors. First, an attenuation of the interionic repulsion by the solvent facilitated close approach of the anions leading to their mutual polarization. This resulted in the appearance of positively charged areas (σ-holes) on the surface of the iodine substituents in I4 Q-. responsible for the attractive interaction. Finally, the solid-state associations were also stabilized by multicenter (4:4) halogen bonding between I4 Q-. and iodide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
| | - Almaz S Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sergiy V Rosokha
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Holthoff JM, Engelage E, Weiss R, Huber SM. "Anti-Electrostatic" Halogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11150-11157. [PMID: 32227661 PMCID: PMC7317790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Halogen bonding is often described as being driven predominantly by electrostatics, and thus adducts between anionic halogen bond (XB) donors (halogen-based Lewis acids) and anions seem counterintuitive. Such "anti-electrostatic" XBs have been predicted theoretically but for organic XB donors, there are currently no experimental examples except for a few cases of self-association. Reported herein is the synthesis of two negatively charged organoiodine derivatives that form anti-electrostatic XBs with anions. Even though the electrostatic potential is universally negative across the surface of both compounds, DFT calculations indicate kinetic stabilization of their halide complexes in the gas phase and particularly in solution. Experimentally, self-association of the anionic XB donors was observed in solid-state structures, resulting in dimers, trimers, and infinite chains. In addition, co-crystals with halides were obtained, representing the first cases of halogen bonding between an organic anionic XB donor and a different anion. The bond lengths of all observed interactions are 14-21 % shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana M. Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische ChemieFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergHenkestraße 4291054ErlangenGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Holthoff JM, Engelage E, Weiss R, Huber SM. “Anti‐elektrostatische” Halogenbrücken. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana M. Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische ChemieFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Henkestraße 42 91054 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Engelage E, Reinhard D, Huber SM. Is There a Single Ideal Parameter for Halogen-Bonding-Based Lewis Acidity? Chemistry 2020; 26:3843-3861. [PMID: 31943430 PMCID: PMC7154672 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-bond donors (halogen-based Lewis acids) have now found various applications in diverse fields of chemistry. The goal of this study was to identify a parameter obtainable from a single DFT calculation that reliably describes halogen-bonding strength (Lewis acidity). First, several DFT methods were benchmarked against the CCSD(T) CBS binding data of complexes of 17 carbon-based halogen-bond donors with chloride and ammonia as representative Lewis bases, which revealed M05-2X with a partially augmented def2-TZVP(D) basis set as the best model chemistry. The best single parameter to predict halogen-bonding strengths was the static σ-hole depth, but it still provided inaccurate predictions for a series of compounds. Thus, a more reliable parameter, Ωσ* , has been developed through the linear combination of the σ-hole depth and the σ*(C-I) energy, which was further validated against neutral, cationic, halogen- and nitrogen-based halogen-bond donors with very good performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elric Engelage
- Organische Chemie IFakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Dominik Reinhard
- Organische Chemie IFakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Organische Chemie IFakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| |
Collapse
|