1
|
Kadenbach B. Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase contributes to health and optimal life. World J Biol Chem 2020; 11:52-61. [PMID: 33024517 PMCID: PMC7520645 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v11.i2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of cellular energy in the form of ATP occurs mainly in mitochondria by oxidative phosphorylation. Cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx), the oxygen accepting and rate-limiting step of the respiratory chain, regulates the supply of variable ATP demands in cells by “allosteric ATP-inhibition of CytOx.” This mechanism is based on inhibition of oxygen uptake of CytOx at high ATP/ADP ratios and low ferrocytochrome c concentrations in the mitochondrial matrix via cooperative interaction of the two substrate binding sites in dimeric CytOx. The mechanism keeps mitochondrial membrane potential ΔΨm and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation at low healthy values. Stress signals increase cytosolic calcium leading to Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation of CytOx subunit I at the cytosolic side accompanied by switching off the allosteric ATP-inhibition and monomerization of CytOx. This is followed by increase of ΔΨm and formation of ROS. A hypothesis is presented suggesting a dynamic change of binding of NDUFA4, originally identified as a subunit of complex I, between monomeric CytOx (active state with high ΔΨm, high ROS and low efficiency) and complex I (resting state with low ΔΨm, low ROS and high efficiency).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kadenbach
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg D-35043, Hessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deremiens L, Schwartz L, Angers A, Glémet H, Angers B. Interactions between nuclear genes and a foreign mitochondrial genome in the redbelly dace Chrosomus eos. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 189:80-6. [PMID: 26277640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Given the coevolution process occurring between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, the effects of introgressive hybridization remain puzzling. In this study, we take advantage of the natural co-occurrence of two biotypes bearing a similar nuclear genome (Chrosomus eos) but harbouring mitochondria from different species (wild type: C. eos; cybrids: Chrosomus neogaeus) to determine the extent of phenotype changes linked to divergence in the mitochondrial genome. Changes were assessed through differences in gene expression, enzymatic activity, proteomic and swimming activity. Our data demonstrate that complex IV activity was significantly higher in cybrids compared to wild type. This difference could result from one variable amino acid on the COX3 mitochondrial subunit and/or from a tremendous change in the proteome. We also show that cybrids present a higher swimming performance than wild type. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that the absence of coevolution for a period of almost ten million years between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes does not appear to be necessarily deleterious but could even have beneficial effects. Indeed, the capture of foreign mitochondria could be an efficient way to circumvent the selection process of genomic coevolution, allowing the rapid accumulation of new mutations in C. eos cybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léo Deremiens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Logan Schwartz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Annie Angers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hélène Glémet
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Bernard Angers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kadenbach B, Hüttemann M. The subunit composition and function of mammalian cytochrome c oxidase. Mitochondrion 2015; 24:64-76. [PMID: 26190566 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) from mammals and birds is composed of 13 subunits. The three catalytic subunits I-III are encoded by mitochondrial DNA, the ten nuclear-coded subunits (IV, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIc, VIIa, VIIb, VIIc, VIII) by nuclear DNA. The nuclear-coded subunits are essentially involved in the regulation of oxygen consumption and proton translocation by COX, since their removal or modification changes the activity and their mutation causes mitochondrial diseases. Respiration, the basis for ATP synthesis in mitochondria, is differently regulated in organs and species by expression of tissue-, developmental-, and species-specific isoforms for COX subunits IV, VIa, VIb, VIIa, VIIb, and VIII, but the holoenzyme in mammals is always composed of 13 subunits. Various proteins and enzymes were shown, e.g., by co-immunoprecipitation, to bind to specific COX subunits and modify its activity, but these interactions are reversible, in contrast to the tightly bound 13 subunits. In addition, the formation of supercomplexes with other oxidative phosphorylation complexes has been shown to be largely variable. The regulatory complexity of COX is increased by protein phosphorylation. Up to now 18 phosphorylation sites have been identified under in vivo conditions in mammals. However, only for a few phosphorylation sites and four nuclear-coded subunits could a specific function be identified. Research on the signaling pathways leading to specific COX phosphorylations remains a great challenge for understanding the regulation of respiration and ATP synthesis in mammalian organisms. This article reviews the function of the individual COX subunits and their isoforms, as well as proteins and small molecules interacting and regulating the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ogura SI, Maruyama K, Hagiya Y, Sugiyama Y, Tsuchiya K, Takahashi K, Abe F, Tabata K, Okura I, Nakajima M, Tanaka T. The effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid on cytochrome c oxidase activity in mouse liver. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:66. [PMID: 21414200 PMCID: PMC3068109 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a precursor of heme that is fundamentally important in aerobic energy metabolism. Among the enzymes involved in aerobic energy metabolism, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is crucial. In this study, the effect of ALA on cytochrome c oxidase activity was measured. Findings c57BL/6N species of mice were administered ALA orally for 15 weeks. After ALA administration, mice were sacrificed and livers were obtained. COX activity in mitochondria from ALA-administered mouse livers was 1.5-fold higher than that in mitochondria from PBS-administered mouse livers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ATP levels in ALA-administered mouse livers were much higher than those in PBS-administered mouse livers. These data suggest that oral administration of ALA promotes aerobic energy metabolism, especially COX activity. Conclusions This is the first report of a drug that functions in aerobic energy metabolism directly. Since COX activity is decreased in various diseases and aging, the pharmacological effects of ALA will be expanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichiro Ogura
- Endowed Research Section (ALA), Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bisson R, Schiavo G, Papini E. Cytochrome c oxidase from the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum: purification and characterization. Biochemistry 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/bi00347a051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Abstract
Life of higher organisms is essentially dependent on the efficient synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. An important and as yet unsolved question of energy metabolism is how are the variable rates of ATP synthesis at maximal work load during exercise or mental work and at rest or during sleep regulated. This article reviews our present knowledge on the structure of bacterial and eukaryotic cytochrome c oxidases and correlates it with recent results on the regulatory functions of nuclear-coded subunits of the eukaryotic enzyme, which are absent from the bacterial enzyme. A new molecular hypothesis on the physiological regulation of oxidative phosphorylation is proposed, assuming a hormonally controlled dynamic equilibrium in vivo between two states of energy metabolism, a relaxed state with low ROS (reactive oxygen species) formation, and an excited state with elevated formation of ROS, which are known to accelerate aging and to cause degenerative diseases and cancer. The hypothesis is based on the allosteric ATP inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase at high intramitochondrial ATP/ADP ratios ("second mechanism of respiratory control"), which is switched on by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation and switched off by calcium-induced dephosphorylation of the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Ludwig
- Biozentrum, Molekulare Genetik, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Marie-Curie-Strasse 9, 60439 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kadenbach B, Hüttemann M, Arnold S, Lee I, Bender E. Mitochondrial energy metabolism is regulated via nuclear-coded subunits of cytochrome c oxidase. Free Radic Biol Med 2000; 29:211-21. [PMID: 11035249 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new mechanism on regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism is proposed on the basis of reversible control of respiration by the intramitochondrial ATP/ADP ratio and slip of proton pumping (decreased H+/e- stoichiometry) in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) at high proton motive force delta p. cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of COX switches on and Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation switches off the allosteric ATP-inhibition of COX (nucleotides bind to subunit IV). Control of respiration via phosphorylated COX by the ATP/ADP ratio keeps delta p (mainly delta psi(m)) low. Hormone induced Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation results in loss of ATP-inhibition, increase of respiration and delta p with consequent slip in proton pumping. Slip in COX increases the free energy of reaction, resulting in increased rates of respiration, thermogenesis and ATP-synthesis. Increased delta psi(m) stimulates production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mutations of mitochondrial DNA and accelerates aging. Slip of proton pumping without dephosphorylation and increase of delta p is found permanently in the liver-type isozyme of COX (subunit VIaL) and at high intramitochondrial ATP/ADP ratios in the heart-type isozyme (subunit VIaH). High substrate pressure (sigmoidal v/s kinetics), palmitate and 3,5-diiodothyronine (binding to subunit Va) increase also delta p, ROS production and slip but without dephosphorylation of COX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kadenbach
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hüttemann M, Arnold S, Lee I, Mühlenbein N, Linder D, Lottspeich F, Kadenbach B. Turkey cytochrome c oxidase contains subunit VIa of the liver type associated with low efficiency of energy transduction. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2000; 267:2098-104. [PMID: 10727950 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase was isolated from turkey liver, heart and breast skeletal muscle and separated by SDS/PAGE. The N-terminal amino-acid sequence of subunit VIa from all tissues and internal sequences from the skeletal muscle enzyme show homology to the mammalian liver-type subunit VIaL, which was verified by isolation and sequencing of the cDNA of turkey subunit VIa. No cDNA corresponding to subunit VIaH (mammalian heart-type) could be found by RACE-PCR with mRNA from all turkey tissues. Measurement of proton translocation with the reconstituted enzymes from turkey liver and heart revealed H+/e- ratios below 0.5 that were independent of the intraliposomal ATP/ADP ratio, as previously found with the bovine liver enzyme. Under identical conditions, the bovine heart enzyme revealed H+/e- ratios of 0.85 at low and 0.48 at high intraliposomal ATP/ADP ratios. The results suggest that in birds the lower H+/e-ratio of cytochrome c oxidase participates in elevated resting metabolic rate and thermogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hüttemann
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shoji K, Tanigawa M, Hori K, Tomozawa Y, Yamanaka T. The effects of several nucleotides on the molecular state and catalytic activity of Thiobacillus novellus cytochrome c oxidase. ATP affects the oxidase uniquely. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 264:960-4. [PMID: 10491145 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic activity and molecular aspects of Thiobacillus novellus cytpchrome c oxidase were affected by ATP. The steady-state kinetics in the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by the oxidase varied with the presence or absence of ATP; the [S]-v curve of the reaction was sigmoid in the absence of ATP whereas it was a Michaelis-Menten-type hyperbola in the presence of 700 microM ATP. The oxidase was a dimer of the minimal structural subunit consisting of one molecule each of two subunits in the presence of Tween 20 and in the absence of ATP. The dimer dissociated into monomers in the presence of 700 microM ATP. The trough at 452 nm seen in the second derivative absorption spectrum of the CO compound of the oxidase in the absence of ATP, a characteristic of the cytochrome a component of cytochrome aa3, dissappeared in the presence of 700 microM ATP. However, ADP, AMP, GTP, CTP and UTP had little affect on both the [S]-v curve and the molecular mass of the oxidase when used in place of ATP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Shoji
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
According to the chemosmotic hypothesis, ATP is synthesized in mitochondria, bacteria and chloroplasts via the proton motive force delta p, the energy-rich intermediate of electron transport and photosynthetic phosphorylation. The general applicability of the chemosmotic hypothesis, however, was disputed until present. In particular the relationship between the rate of respiration and delta p in mitochondria was found variable, depending on the experimental conditions. Recently, a new mechanism of respiratory control was found, based on binding of ATP or ADP to subunit IV of cytochrome c oxidase, which is independent of delta p and could explain many previous results contradicting the chemosmotic hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kadenbach
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Napiwotzki J, Kadenbach B. Extramitochondrial ATP/ADP-ratios regulate cytochrome c oxidase activity via binding to the cytosolic domain of subunit IV. Biol Chem 1998; 379:335-9. [PMID: 9563830 DOI: 10.1515/bchm.1998.379.3.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase from bovine heart contains seven binding sites for ATP or ADP and three additional for ADP only, as concluded from competition equilibrium dialysis binding studies. The isolated enzyme contains bound cholate which, in contrast to bound ATP, is only slowly exchanged by ADP (or ATP). The kinetics of the reconstituted enzyme is influenced by extraliposomal (cytosolic) ATP and ADP. The Km for cytochrome c is five times higher in the presence of extraliposomal ATP than of ADP. These differences of Km values are lost after preincubation of the enzyme with a monoclonal antibody to subunit IV. The data demonstrate regulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity by the cytosolic ATP/ADP-ratio, in addition to regulation by the matrix ATP/ADP-ratio [Arnold and Kadenbach (1997) Eur. J. Biochem. 249, 350- 354], both interacting with subunit IV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Napiwotzki
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Publications. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970903n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
Kadenbach B. Die Kristallstrukturen der Cytochrom-c-Oxidasen ausParacoccus denitrificans und Rinderherz – zum molekularen Mechanismus der Zellatmung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19951072306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
14
|
Linder D, Freund R, Kadenbach B. Species-specific expression of cytochrome c oxidase isozymes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 1995; 112:461-9. [PMID: 8529022 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(95)00093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase was isolated from livers and hearts of sheep, dog and rabbit, and the polypeptide composition was analyzed by two different SDS-PAGE separation systems. The gels were blotted on PVDF-membranes and the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the tissue-specific subunits VIa, VIIa and VIII were determined in a protein sequencer. Except for subunit VIIa from rat, subunits VIa and VIIa from all investigated mammals are tissue-specific expressed in liver and heart. In contrast, subunit VIII is clearly different in liver and heart of bovine, dog and rat, but identical in liver and heart of human (liver-type), sheep, rabbit and also in rainbow trout (heart-type). The data suggest a strong species-specific variation of the regulatory properties of cytochrome c oxidase in different tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Linder
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bertagnolli H, Kaim W. Das zweikernige CuA-Zentrum in Cytochrom-c-Oxidase und N2O-Reduktase – eine Metall-Metall-Bindung in Proteinen? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19951070706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
16
|
Vázquez-Acevedo M, Antaramian A, Corona N, González-Halphen D. Subunit structures of purified beef mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex from liver and heart. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1993; 25:401-10. [PMID: 8226722 DOI: 10.1007/bf00762466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The existence of tissue-specific isozymes of cytochrome c oxidase has been widely documented. We have now studied if there are differences between subunits of mitochondrial bc1 complexes isolated from liver and heart. For this purpose, we have developed a method for the purification of an active ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase from adult bovine liver that includes solubilization of submitochondrial particles with deoxycholate, ammonium acetate fractionation, resolubilization with dodecyl maltoside, and ion exchange chromatography. The electrophoretic pattern of the liver preparation showed the presence of 11 subunits, with apparent molecular weights identical to the ones reported for the heart complex. Western blot analysis and isoelectric focusing followed by two-dimensional gels of bc1 complexes from liver and heart were compared, and no qualitative differences were observed. In addition, the high-molecular-weight subunits of the purified complexes from both tissues, subunits I, II, V, and VI, were isolated by PAGE in the presence of Coomasie Blue and subjected to limited proteolysis and to chemical digestion with cyanogen bromide and BNPS-skatol, and the peptide patterns were compared. Finally, two of the small-molecular-weight subunits from the liver complex were isolated (subunits VII and X), partially analyzed by amino terminal sequencing, and found to be identical with the reported sequence of their heart counterparts. The data suggest that, in contrast to the case of cytochrome c oxidase, bc1 complexes from liver and heart do not exhibit tissue-specific differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Vázquez-Acevedo
- Departamento de Bioenergética, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kadenbach B, Reimann A. Chapter 10 Cytochrome c oxidase: tissue-specific expression of isoforms and regulation of activity. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS IN BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
18
|
Waterland RA, Basu A, Chance B, Poyton RO. The isoforms of yeast cytochrome c oxidase subunit V alter the in vivo kinetic properties of the holoenzyme. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(20)64304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
19
|
Poyton RO, Trueblood CE, Wright RM, Farrell LE. Expression and function of cytochrome c oxidase subunit isologues. Modulators of cellular energy production? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1988; 550:289-307. [PMID: 2854400 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb35344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R O Poyton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309-0347
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bisson R, Schiavo G. Slime mold cytochrome c oxidase. An example of environmental influence on subunit composition of a eukaryotic oxidase. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1988; 550:325-36. [PMID: 2854404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb35347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bisson
- Centro CNR Fisiologia dei Mitocondri e, Istituto de Pathologia Generale, Università di Padova, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takamiya S, Lindorfer MA, Capaldi RA. Purification of all thirteen polypeptides of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase from one aliquot of enzyme. Characterization of bovine fetal heart cytochrome c oxidase. FEBS Lett 1987; 218:277-82. [PMID: 3036593 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)81061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A protocol has been worked out for separating all thirteen different polypeptides in the beef heart cytochrome c oxidase complex from a single aliquot of enzyme. This involves an initial separation of polypeptides by gel filtration on a Biogel P-60 column in SDS, a step which purifies subunits CIV and CVIII and gives mixtures of CV + CVI, ASA, AED and STA, as well as CVII, CIX and IHQ. These mixtures are then resolved by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The separation procedures have been applied to fetal heart cytochrome c oxidase of gestation between 100 and 200 days. No differences were found in the N-terminal sequences of any of the cytoplasmically made subunits or in the entire sequence of CIX between late fetal and adult forms of the enzyme.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bisson R, Schiavo G, Montecucco C. ATP induces conformational changes in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. Effect on the cytochrome c binding site. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
23
|
Structure of Cytochrome-c Oxidase. CURRENT TOPICS IN BIOENERGETICS - STRUCTURE, BIOGENESIS, AND ASSEMBLY OF ENERGY TRANSDUCING ENZYME SYSTEMS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152515-6.50008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
24
|
Montecucco C, Schiavo G, Bacci B, Bisson R. Isolation and characterization of cytochrome c oxidase from bird and fish heart mitochondria. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1987; 87:851-6. [PMID: 2822348 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(87)90401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
1. Several bird and fish heart mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidases have been isolated with a rapid and simple method involving hydrophobic and affinity chromatography. 2. Their spectrophotometric and kinetic properties are very similar to those of the mammalian enzymes. 3. These oxidases show a polypeptide composition simpler than the mammalian enzymes being composed of 9-10, instead of 13, different polypeptides. 4. These data suggest that the complexity of the mitochondrial heart oxidase increases with the stage of evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Montecucco
- Centro C.N.R. Fisiologia Mitocondri, Università di Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Two different forms of cytochrome c oxidase can be purified from the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
26
|
McMillen DA, Volwerk JJ, Ohishi J, Erion M, Keana JF, Jost PC, Griffith OH. Identifying regions of membrane proteins in contact with phospholipid head groups: covalent attachment of a new class of aldehyde lipid labels to cytochrome c oxidase. Biochemistry 1986; 25:182-93. [PMID: 3006751 DOI: 10.1021/bi00349a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of amine-specific reagents based on the benzaldehyde reactive group have been synthesized, characterized, and used to study beef heart cytochrome c oxidase reconstituted in phospholipid bilayers. The series contained three classes of reagents: lipid-soluble phosphodiesters having a single hydrocarbon chain, phospholipid analogues, and a water-soluble benzaldehyde. All reagents were either radiolabeled or spin-labeled or both. The Schiff bases formed by these benzaldehydes with amines were found to be reversible until the addition of the reducing agent sodium cyanoborohydride, whereas attachment of lipid-derived aliphatic aldehydes was not readily reversible in the absence of the reducing agent. The benzaldehyde group provides a convenient method of controlling and delaying permanent attachment to integral membrane proteins until after the reconstitution steps. This ensures that the lipid analogues are located properly to identify amine groups at the lipid-protein interface rather than reacting indiscriminately with amines of the hydrophilic domains of the protein. The benzaldehyde lipid labels attach to cytochrome c oxidase with high efficiency. Typically, 20% of the amount of lipid label present was covalently attached to the protein, and the number of moles of label incorporated per mole of protein ranged from 1 to 6, depending on the molar ratios of label, lipid, and protein. The efficiency of labeling by the water-soluble benzaldehyde was much less than that observed for any of the lipid labels because of dilution effects, but equivalent levels of incorporation were achieved by increasing the label concentration. Electron spin resonance spectra of a nitroxide-containing phospholipid analogue covalently attached to reconstituted cytochrome c oxidase exhibited a large motion-restricted component, which is characteristic of spin-labeled lipids in contact with the hydrophobic surfaces of membrane proteins. The line shape and splittings were similar for covalently attached label and label free to diffuse and contact the protein molecules in the bilayer, providing independent evidence that the coupling occurs at the protein-lipid interface. The distribution of the benzaldehyde reagents attached to the polypeptide components of cytochrome c oxidase was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The labeling pattern observed for the lipid analogues was not affected by the presence of the nitroxide moiety on the acyl chains but was dependent on the molar ratio of labeling reagent to protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Collapse
|
27
|
Kadenbach B, Stroh A, Ungibauer M, Kuhn-Nentwig L, Büge U, Jarausch J. Isozymes of cytochrome-c oxidase: characterization and isolation from different tissues. Methods Enzymol 1986; 126:32-45. [PMID: 2856135 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(86)26006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
28
|
DiBiase VA, Prochaska LJ. Characterization of electron transfer and proton translocation activities in trypsin-treated bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1985; 243:668-77. [PMID: 3002279 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(85)90545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase has been treated with trypsin in order to investigate the role of components a, b, and c (nomenclature of Capaldi) in cytochrome c binding, electron transfer, and proton-pumping activities. Cytochrome c oxidase was dispersed in nondenaturing detergent solution (B. Ludwig, N. W. Downer, and R. A. Capaldi (1979) Biochemistry 18, 1401) and treated with trypsin. This treatment inhibited electron transfer activity by 9% when compared to a similarly treated control in a polarographic assay (493 s-1) and had no large effect on the high affinity (Km = 6.1 X 10(-8) M) or low affinity (Km = 2.2 X 10(-6) M) sites of cytochrome c interaction with cytochrome c oxidase. Direct thermodynamic binding experiments with cytochrome c showed that neither the high affinity (1.04 +/- 0.06 mol cytochrome c/mol cytochrome c oxidase) nor the high-plus-low affinity (2.21 +/- 0.15 mol cytochrome c/mol cytochrome c oxidase) binding sites of cytochrome c on the enzyme were perturbed by the trypsin treatment. Control and trypsin-treated enzyme incorporated into phospholipid vesicles (prepared by the cholate dialysis method) exhibited respiratory control ratios of 6.5 +/- 0.7 and 6.3 +/- 0.6, respectively. The vectorial proton translocation activity in the phospholipid vesicles was unaffected by trypsin treatment with proton translocated to electron transferred ratios being equivalent to the control. NaDodSO4-PAGE showed that components a, b, and c were completely removed by the trypsin treatment. [14C]Iodoacetamide labeling experiments showed that the content of component c in the enzyme was depleted by 85% and that greater than 50% of component a was cleaved upon the trypsin treatment. These results suggest that components a, b, and c are not required for maximum electron transfer and proton translocation activities in the isolated enzyme.
Collapse
|
29
|
Studies on the polypeptide composition of the cyanobacterial oxygen-evolving complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
Jarausch J, Kadenbach B. Structure of the cytochrome c oxidase complex of rat liver. 2. Topological orientation of polypeptides in the membrane as studied by proteolytic digestion and immunoblotting. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1985; 146:219-25. [PMID: 2981684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The orientation of the thirteen polypeptides of rat-liver cytochrome c oxidase in the inner mitochondrial membrane was studied by proteolytic digestion of mitoplasts and sonicated particles. After separation by sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis proteins were transferred on nitrocellulose, and individual polypeptides were identified by incubation with polypeptide-specific antisera, followed by fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated protein A. The three catalytic polypeptides I-III and seven nuclear coded polypeptides (IV, Vb, VIa, VIc, VIIa, VIIb and VIII) were found accessible to proteases from the cytoplasmic phase. Polypeptides II, IV, Va, Vb and VIa were accessible from the matrix phase, indicating a transmembraneous orientation of polypeptides II, IV, Vb and VIa. Together with data on cross-linking and on cytochrome-c-protected labeling of polypeptides, a model of the cytochrome c oxidase complex was developed. It is suggested that the cytochrome c binding site on polypeptide II is surrounded by several nuclear-coded polypeptides, which may modulate the affinity of the enzyme towards cytochrome c.
Collapse
|
31
|
Kadenbach B, Stroh A. Different reactivity of carboxylic groups of cytochrome c oxidase polypeptides from pig liver and heart. FEBS Lett 1984; 173:374-80. [PMID: 6086406 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase isolated from pig liver and heart was incubated with 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethyl-amino)propyl]carbodiimide and [14C]glycine ethyl ester in the presence and absence of cytochrome c. Labelling of individual subunits was determined after separation of the enzyme complexes into 13 polypeptides by SDS-gel electrophoresis. Polypeptide II and additional but different polypeptides were labelled in the liver and in the heart enzyme. Labelling of polypeptide II and of some other polypeptides could be partially or completely suppressed by cytochrome c. From the data two conclusions can be drawn: In addition to polypeptide II, other polypeptides take part in the binding of cytochrome c to cytochrome c oxidase; the binding domain for cytochrome c is different in pig liver and heart cytochrome c oxidase.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kuhn-Nentwig L, Kadenbach B. Immunological identification of four different polypeptides in 'subunit VII' of mammalian cytochrome c oxidase. FEBS Lett 1984; 172:189-92. [PMID: 6204885 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)81123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Rat liver cytochrome c oxidase was separated by SDS-gel electrophoresis into 13 polypeptide bands. Monospecific antisera against the isolated polypeptides VIIa, VIIb and VIIc were raised in rabbits. Cytochrome c oxidase was blotted on nitrocellulose and incubated with the antisera. The antisera reacted only with their corresponding polypeptides, indicating no immunological relationship between polypeptides VIIa, VIIb and VIIc. The data also exclude that these polypeptides are proteolytic breakdown products of larger subunits.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kadenbach B, Ungibauer M, Jarausch J, Büge U, Kuhn-Nentwig L. The complexity of respiratory complexes. Trends Biochem Sci 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0968-0004(83)90302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|