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Aljarrah MT, Alboull AM, Alharahsheh MS, Ashraf A, Khandakar A. Parametric Study of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis under Micro-Continuous Flow Conditions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248651. [PMID: 36557787 PMCID: PMC9781614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using chemical reduction in batch and microreactor methods has been reported. A parametric study of the effect of several parameters on the size of gold nanoparticles was performed in batch synthesis mode using the modified Martin method. The best-obtained conditions were used to synthesize gold nanoparticles using a glass chip microreactor, and the size of the resulting GNPs from both methods was compared. The presence of polyvinyl alcohol (SC) was used as a capping agent, and sodium borohydride (SB) was used as a reducing agent. Several parameters were studied, including HAuCl4, SC, SB concentrations, the volumetric ratio of SB to gold precursor, pH, temperature, and mixing speed. Various techniques were used to characterize the resulting nanoparticles, including Atomic Absorbance spectroscopy (AAS), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and dynamic light scratching (DLS). Optimum conditions were obtained for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Under similar reaction conditions, the microreactor consistently produced smaller nanoparticles in the range of 10.42-11.31 nm with a reaction time of less than 1 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad T. Aljarrah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, College of Engineering Technology, Doha P.O. Box 24449, Qatar
- Correspondence:
| | - Ala’a M. Alboull
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S. Alharahsheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Azad Ashraf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, College of Engineering Technology, Doha P.O. Box 24449, Qatar
| | - Amith Khandakar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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2
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Schulze JS, Brand RD, Hering JG, Riegger LM, Schreiner PR, Smarsly BM. DMAP immobilized on porous silica particles and monoliths for the esterification of phenylethanol in continuous flow. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Schulze
- Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen Institute of Physical Chemistry 35392 Giessen GERMANY
| | - Raoul D. Brand
- Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen Institute of Physical Chemistry 35392 Giessen GERMANY
| | | | - Luise M. Riegger
- Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen Institute of Physical Chemistry 35392 Giessen GERMANY
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen Institute of Organic Chemistry 35392 Giessen GERMANY
| | - Bernd M. Smarsly
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich Buff Ring 17 35392 Gießen GERMANY
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3
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TiO2-coated graphene oxide-molybdate complex as a new separable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of pyrrole derivatives by Paal-Knorr reaction. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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4
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Sadegh Asgari M, Bahadorikhalili S, Rahimi R, Mahdavi M. Copper Supported onto Magnetic Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Triazolobenzodiazepino[7,1‐
b
]quinazolin‐11(9
H
)‐ones
via
Click
N
‐Arylation Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Asgari
- Department of Chemistry Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Saeed Bahadorikhalili
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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5
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Brzęczek-Szafran A, Gwóźdź M, Kolanowska A, Krzywiecki M, Latos P, Chrobok A. N-Doped carbon as a solid base catalyst for continuous flow Knoevenagel condensation. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A stability survey of a basic N-doped carbon catalyst in a continuous flow process together with a study of process parameters affecting the batch system and their correlation to the flow protocol is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Gwóźdź
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Silesian University of Technology
- Gliwice
- Poland
| | - Anna Kolanowska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Silesian University of Technology
- Gliwice
- Poland
| | - Maciej Krzywiecki
- Institute of Physics – Center for Science and Education
- Silesian University of Technology
- Gliwice
- Poland
| | - Piotr Latos
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Silesian University of Technology
- Gliwice
- Poland
| | - Anna Chrobok
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Silesian University of Technology
- Gliwice
- Poland
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6
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Adebar N, Gröger H. Heterogeneous Catalysts “on the Move”: Flow Chemistry with Fluid Immobilised (Bio)Catalysts. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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7
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Yoo WJ, Ishitani H, Saito Y, Laroche B, Kobayashi S. Reworking Organic Synthesis for the Modern Age: Synthetic Strategies Based on Continuous-Flow Addition and Condensation Reactions with Heterogeneous Catalysts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5132-5145. [PMID: 32069417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
While organic synthesis carried out in most laboratories uses batch methods, there is growing interest in modernizing fine chemical synthesis through continuous-flow processes. As a synthetic method, flow processes have several advantages over batch systems in terms of environmental compatibility, efficiency, and safety, and recent advances have allowed for the synthesis of several complex molecules, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Nevertheless, due to several reasons related to the difficulties arising from byproduct formation during the flow process, such as lower yields, poor selectivities, clogging of columns due to poor solubility, catalyst poisoning, etc., successful examples of continuous-flow synthesis of complex organic molecules are still limited. In order to solve this bottleneck, the development of selective and atom-economical continuous-flow organic transformations are needed. This perspective highlights examples of atom-economical addition and condensation reactions with heterogeneous catalysts under continuous-flow conditions and their applications for the synthesis of complex organic molecules such as natural products and APIs. In order to realize new continuous-flow methodologies, based on addition and condensation reactions, in place of substitution reactions, the development of novel reactions and heterogeneous catalysts is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Yoo
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Benjamin Laroche
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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8
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Zhang J, Chen J, Peng S, Peng S, Zhang Z, Tong Y, Miller PW, Yan XP. Emerging porous materials in confined spaces: from chromatographic applications to flow chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2566-2595. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Porous materials confined within capillary columns/microfluidic devices are discussed, and progress in chromatographic and membrane separations and catalysis is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Junxing Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Sheng Peng
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Shuyin Peng
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zizhe Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Yexiang Tong
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | | | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
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9
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Warias R, Zaghi A, Heiland JJ, Piendl SK, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH, Massi A, Belder D. An Integrated Lab‐on‐a‐chip Approach to Study Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts at the Microscale. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rico Warias
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Anna Zaghi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Luigi Borsari 46 Ferrara I-441213 Italy
| | - Josef J. Heiland
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Sebastian K. Piendl
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Biomolecular Systems DepartmentMax-Planck-Institute for Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Postdam D-014476 Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Biomolecular Systems DepartmentMax-Planck-Institute for Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Postdam D-014476 Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arnimallee 22 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Luigi Borsari 46 Ferrara I-441213 Italy
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
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10
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Ishitani H, Saito Y, Nakamura Y, Yoo W, Kobayashi S. Knoevenagel Condensation of Aldehydes and Ketones with Alkyl Nitriles Catalyzed by Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resins under Continuous‐Flow Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Woo‐Jin Yoo
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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11
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Yu B, Cong H, Peng Q, Gu C, Tang Q, Xu X, Tian C, Zhai F. Current status and future developments in preparation and application of nonspherical polymer particles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 256:126-151. [PMID: 29705026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonspherical polymer particles (NPPs) are nano/micro-particulates of macromolecules that are anisotropic in shape, and can be designed anisotropic in chemistry. Due to shape and surface anisotropies, NPPs bear many unique structures and fascinating properties which are distinctly different from those of spherical polymer particles (SPPs). In recent years, the research on NPPs has surprisingly blossomed in recent years, and many practical materials based on NPPs with potential applications in photonic device, material science and biomedical engineering have been generated. In this review, we give a systematic, balanced and comprehensive summary of the main aspects of NPPs related to their preparation and application, and propose perspectives for the future developments of NPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Qiaohong Peng
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chuantao Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Feng Zhai
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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12
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Okuno Y, Kitagawa Y, Kamiya S, Hasegawa A, Kawashima T, Otani K, Aoki S, Kanno J, Isomura S, Sato Y, Takeda K. Triphasic Continuous-Flow Oxidation System for Alcohols Utilizing Graft-Polymer-Supported TEMPO. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Okuno
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Yuuichi Kitagawa
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Syuhei Kamiya
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Arata Hasegawa
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Takashi Kawashima
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Kazuki Otani
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Syoji Aoki
- ECE Co. Ltd.; 4-2-1 Honfujisawa Fujisawa 251-8502 Japan
| | - Junichi Kanno
- ECE Co. Ltd.; 4-2-1 Honfujisawa Fujisawa 251-8502 Japan
| | - Shigeki Isomura
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Yasuo Sato
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Takeda
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; Department of Medicinal Chemistry; 601 Matano-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
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13
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14
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Kohns R, Haas CP, Höltzel A, Splith C, Enke D, Tallarek U. Hierarchical silica monoliths with submicron macropores as continuous-flow microreactors for reaction kinetic and mechanistic studies in heterogeneous catalysis. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The proposed scheme enables academic laboratories to prepare hierarchical silica monoliths as continuous-flow microreactors for kinetic studies in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kohns
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
- Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Christian P. Haas
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Christian Splith
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Universität Leipzig
- 04103 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Dirk Enke
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Universität Leipzig
- 04103 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
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15
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He G, Bennett TM, Alauhdin M, Fay MW, Liu X, Schwab ST, Sun CG, Howdle SM. A facile route to bespoke macro- and mesoporous block copolymer microparticles. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A facile and versatile strategy to fabricate macro- and mesoporous block copolymer microparticles with bespoke characteristics using supercritical CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guping He
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | | | | | - Michael W. Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Xin Liu
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | | | - Cheng-gong Sun
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
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16
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Ishitani H, Kanai K, Saito Y, Tsubogo T, Kobayashi S. Synthesis of (±)-Pregabalin by Utilizing a Three-Step Sequential-Flow System with Heterogeneous Catalysts. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory; Graduate School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kan Kanai
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
| | - Tetsu Tsubogo
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory; Graduate School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory; Graduate School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan
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17
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Kurek W, Koszelewski D, Ostaszewski R, Żądło-Dobrowolska A. Bioreactor for the Continuous Purification of Simvastatin by Lovastatin Esterase. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Ragno D, Di Carmine G, Brandolese A, Bortolini O, Giovannini PP, Massi A. Immobilization of Privileged Triazolium Carbene Catalyst for Batch and Flow Stereoselective Umpolung Processes. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ragno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Brandolese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Olga Bortolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Giovannini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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19
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Herath A, Cosford NDP. Continuous-flow synthesis of highly functionalized imidazo-oxadiazoles facilitated by microfluidic extraction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:239-246. [PMID: 28326132 PMCID: PMC5331298 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A versatile continuous-flow synthesis of highly functionalized 1,2,4-oxadiazoles starting from carboxylic acids is reported. This process was applied to the multistep synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, using a three reactor, multistep continuous-flow system without isolation of intermediates. This continuous-flow method was successfully combined with a single-step liquid–liquid microextraction unit to remove high boiling point polar solvents and impurities and provides the target compounds in high purity with excellent overall yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Herath
- Cancer Metabolism & Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas D P Cosford
- Cancer Metabolism & Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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20
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Haas CP, Müllner T, Kohns R, Enke D, Tallarek U. High-performance monoliths in heterogeneous catalysis with single-phase liquid flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On-line control and monitoring in heterogeneous catalysis utilizing high-performance supports allows rapid screening of intrinsic reaction parameters in continuous-flow mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P. Haas
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Tibor Müllner
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Richard Kohns
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
- Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Dirk Enke
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Universität Leipzig
- 04103 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
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21
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Baramov T, Loos P, Hassfeld J, Alex H, Beller M, Stemmler T, Meier G, Gottfried M, Roggan S. Encapsulated Cobalt Oxide on Carbon Nanotube Support as Catalyst for Selective Continuous Hydrogenation of the Showcase Substrate 1-Iodo-4-nitrobenzene. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todor Baramov
- Bayer Pharma AG; Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 217-333 42117 Wuppertal Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Patrick Loos
- Bayer Pharma AG; Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 217-333 42117 Wuppertal Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Mercachem B.V.; Kerkenbos 1013 6546 BB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Jorma Hassfeld
- Bayer Pharma AG; Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 217-333 42117 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Hannes Alex
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Tobias Stemmler
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Gregor Meier
- CAT Catalytic Center; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
- Oxea GmbH; Global Technology; Otto-Roelen-Str. 3 46147 Oberhausen Germany
| | | | - Stefan Roggan
- Bayer AG; Engineering & Technology (E&T); 51368 Leverkusen Germany
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22
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Song W, Shi D, Tao S, Li Z, Wang Y, Yu Y, Qiu J, Ji M, Wang X. Bio-inspired immobilization of metal oxides on monolithic microreactor for continuous Knoevenagel reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 481:100-6. [PMID: 27459172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A facile method is reported to construct monolithic microreactor with high catalytic performance for Knoevenagel reaction. The microreactor is based on hierarchically porous silica (HPS) which has interconnected macro- and mesopores. Then the HPS is surface modified by pyrogallol (PG) polymer. Al(NO3)3 and Mg(NO3)2 are loaded on the surface of HPS through coordination with -OH groups of PG. After thermal treatment, Al(NO3)3 and Mg(NO3)2 are converted Al2O3 and MgO. The as-synthesized catalytic microreactor shows a high and stable performance in Knoevenagel reaction. The microreactor possess large surface area and interconnected pore structures which are beneficial for reactions. Moreover, this economic, facile and eco-friendly surface modification method can be used in loading more metal oxides for more reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Song
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Da Shi
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, United States
| | - Shengyang Tao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Zhaoliang Li
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yuchao Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yongxian Yu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- Carbon Research Laboratory, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xinkui Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China
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23
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Moschetta EG, Negretti S, Chepiga KM, Brunelli NA, Labreche Y, Feng Y, Rezaei F, Lively RP, Koros WJ, Davies HML, Jones CW. Composite Polymer/Oxide Hollow Fiber Contactors: Versatile and Scalable Flow Reactors for Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions in Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Moschetta EG, Negretti S, Chepiga KM, Brunelli NA, Labreche Y, Feng Y, Rezaei F, Lively RP, Koros WJ, Davies HML, Jones CW. Composite polymer/oxide hollow fiber contactors: versatile and scalable flow reactors for heterogeneous catalytic reactions in organic synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6470-4. [PMID: 25865826 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Flexible composite polymer/oxide hollow fibers are used as flow reactors for heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in organic synthesis. The fiber synthesis allows for a variety of supported catalysts to be embedded in the walls of the fibers, thus leading to a diverse set of reactions that can be catalyzed in flow. Additionally, the fiber synthesis is scalable (e.g. several reactor beds containing many fibers in a module may be used) and thus they could potentially be used for the large-scale production of organic compounds. Incorporating heterogeneous catalysts in the walls of the fibers presents an alternative to a traditional packed-bed reactor and avoids large pressure drops, which is a crucial challenge when employing microreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Moschetta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | | | | | - Nicholas A Brunelli
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA).,Department of Chemistry, Emory University (USA)
| | - Ying Labreche
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - Fateme Rezaei
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - Ryan P Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - William J Koros
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | | | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA).
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25
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Munirathinam R, Leoncini A, Huskens J, Wormeester H, Verboom W. Wall-Coated Polymer Brushes as Support for Chiral Organocatalysts in Microreactors. J Flow Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jfc-d-14-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Munirathinam R, Huskens J, Verboom W. Supported Catalysis in Continuous-Flow Microreactors. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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27
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Atkinson MBJ, Oyola-Reynoso S, Luna RE, Bwambok DK, Thuo MM. Pot-in-pot reactions: a simple and green approach to efficient organic synthesis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13506g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, flux controlled, technique to circumvent the tedium and wastage in organic synthesis is review. Pot-in-pot reactions, like matryoshka dolls, houses one reaction pot inside another.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Oyola-Reynoso
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
| | - R. E. Luna
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- Harvard Medical School
- Boston
- USA
| | - D. K. Bwambok
- Warner Babcock Institute for Green Chemistry
- Wilmington
- USA
| | - M. M. Thuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
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28
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Gilmore K, Vukelić S, McQuade DT, Koksch B, Seeberger PH. Continuous Reductions and Reductive Aminations Using Solid NaBH4. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500310s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Gilmore
- Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg
1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stella Vukelić
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraβe
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Tyler McQuade
- Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg
1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 United States
| | - Beate Koksch
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraβe
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg
1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraβe
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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29
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Munirathinam R, Huskens J, Verboom W. Piperazine-Containing Polymer Brush Layer as Supported Base Catalyst in a Glass Microreactor. J Flow Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jfc-d-14-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Longstreet AR, Opalka SM, Campbell BS, Gupton BF, McQuade DT. Investigating the continuous synthesis of a nicotinonitrile precursor to nevirapine. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2570-8. [PMID: 24367421 PMCID: PMC3869350 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Chloro-3-amino-4-picoline (CAPIC) is a strategic building block for the preparation of nevirapine, a widely-prescribed non-nucleosidic reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV-infected patients. A continuous synthesis to the bromo derivative of a CAPIC intermediate, 2-bromo-4-methylnicotinonitrile, that terminates in a dead-end crystallization is described. The route uses inexpensive, acyclic commodity-based raw materials and has the potential to enable lower cost production of nevirapine as well as other value added structures that contain complex pyridines. The route terminates in a batch crystallization yielding high purity CAPIC. This outcome is expected to facilitate regulatory implementation of the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Longstreet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Suzanne M Opalka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Brian S Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - B Frank Gupton
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, P.O. Box 842006 Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - D Tyler McQuade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
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31
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Munirathinam R, Ricciardi R, Egberink RJM, Huskens J, Holtkamp M, Wormeester H, Karst U, Verboom W. Gallium-containing polymer brush film as efficient supported Lewis acid catalyst in a glass microreactor. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1698-704. [PMID: 24062830 PMCID: PMC3778416 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene sulfonate polymer brushes, grown on the interior of the microchannels in a microreactor, have been used for the anchoring of gallium as a Lewis acid catalyst. Initially, gallium-containing polymer brushes were grown on a flat silicon oxide surface and were characterized by FTIR, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS revealed the presence of one gallium per 2-3 styrene sulfonate groups of the polymer brushes. The catalytic activity of the Lewis acid-functionalized brushes in a microreactor was demonstrated for the dehydration of oximes, using cinnamaldehyde oxime as a model substrate, and for the formation of oxazoles by ring closure of ortho-hydroxy oximes. The catalytic activity of the microreactor could be maintained by periodic reactivation by treatment with GaCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Munirathinam
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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32
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Basavaraju KC, Sharma S, Maurya RA, Kim DP. Safe Use of a Toxic Compound: Heterogeneous OsO4Catalysis in a Nanobrush Polymer Microreactor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Basavaraju KC, Sharma S, Maurya RA, Kim DP. Safe Use of a Toxic Compound: Heterogeneous OsO4Catalysis in a Nanobrush Polymer Microreactor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6735-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Longstreet AR, McQuade DT. Organic reaction systems: using microcapsules and microreactors to perform chemical synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:327-38. [PMID: 23072456 DOI: 10.1021/ar300144x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The appetite for complex organic molecules continues to increase worldwide, especially in rapidly developing countries such as China, India, and Brazil. At the same time, the cost of raw materials and solvent waste disposal is also growing, making sustainability an increasingly important factor in the production of synthetic life-saving/improving compounds. With these forces in mind, our group is driven by the principle that how we synthesize a molecule is as important as which molecule we choose to synthesize. We aim to define alternative strategies that will enable more efficient synthesis of complex molecules. Drawing our inspiration from nature, we attempt to mimic (1) the multicatalytic metabolic systems within cells using collections of nonenzyme catalysts in batch reactors and (2) the serial synthetic machinery of fatty acid/polyketide biosynthesis using microreactor systems. Whether we combine catalysts in batch to prepare an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or use microreactors to synthesize small or polymeric molecules, we strive to understand the mechanism of each reaction while also developing new methods and techniques. This Account begins by examining our early efforts in the development of novel catalytic materials and characterization of catalytic systems and how these observations helped forge our current models for developing efficient synthetic routes. The Account progresses through a focused examination of design principles needed to develop multicatalyst systems using systems recently published by our group as examples. Our systems have been successfully applied to produce APIs as well as new synthetic methods. The multicatalyst section is then juxtaposed with our work in continuous flow multistep synthesis. Here, we discuss the design principles needed to create multistep continuous processes using examples from our recent efforts. Overall, this Account illustrates how multistep organic routes can be conceived and achieved using strategies and techniques that mimic biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Longstreet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - D. Tyler McQuade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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35
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Suzuki Y, Laurino P, McQuade DT, Seeberger PH. A Capture-and-Release Catalytic Flow System. Helv Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Ftouni J, Penhoat M, Addad A, Payen E, Rolando C, Girardon JS. Highly controlled synthesis of nanometric gold particles by citrate reduction using the short mixing, heating and quenching times achievable in a microfluidic device. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:4450-4. [PMID: 22722332 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Homodispersed 1.8 nm gold nanoparticles were obtained reproducibly in high yields using the classical Turkevich protocol at a high concentration in a continuous flow capillary reactor. The microfluidic reactor made from commercially available items permitted short mixing, heating and quenching times which are the key parameters of this synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Ftouni
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UMR CNRS 8181), Université Lille 1-Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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37
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Steinbacher JL, Lui Y, Mason BP, Olbricht WL, McQuade DT. Simplified Mesofluidic Systems for the Formation of Micron to Millimeter Droplets and the Synthesis of Materials. J Flow Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jfc-d-11-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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Porous polymer particles—A comprehensive guide to synthesis, characterization, functionalization and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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39
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Sans V, Karbass N, Burguete MI, García-Verdugo E, Luis SV. Residence time distribution, a simple tool to understand the behaviour of polymeric mini-flow reactors. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Opalka SM, Longstreet AR, McQuade DT. Continuous proline catalysis via leaching of solid proline. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1671-9. [PMID: 22238546 PMCID: PMC3252872 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate that a homogeneous catalyst can be prepared continuously via reaction with a packed-bed of a catalyst precursor. Specifically, we perform continuous proline catalyzed α-aminoxylations using a packed-bed of L-proline. The system relies on a multistep sequence in which an aldehyde and thiourea additive are passed through a column of solid proline, presumably forming a soluble oxazolidinone intermediate. This transports a catalytic amount of proline from the packed-bed into the reactor coil for subsequent combination with a solution of nitrosobenzene, affording the desired optically active α-aminooxy alcohol after reduction. To our knowledge, this is the first example in which a homogeneous catalyst is produced continuously using a packed-bed. We predict that the method will not only be useful for other L-proline catalyzed reactions, but we also foresee that it could be used to produce other catalytic species in flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Opalka
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Ashley R Longstreet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
| | - D Tyler McQuade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
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41
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Cambeiro XC, Martín-Rapún R, Miranda PO, Sayalero S, Alza E, Llanes P, Pericàs MA. Continuous-flow enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes catalyzed by a polystyrene-immobilized hydroxyproline. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1486-93. [PMID: 22238521 PMCID: PMC3252847 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of polystyrene-immobilized proline-based catalysts in packed-bed reactors for the continuous-flow, direct, enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes is described. The system allows the easy preparation of a series of β-aminoxy alcohols (after a reductive workup) with excellent optical purity and with an effective catalyst loading of ca. 2.5% (four-fold reduction compared to the batch process) working at residence times of ca. 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xacobe C Cambeiro
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rafael Martín-Rapún
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pedro O Miranda
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Sayalero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esther Alza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Patricia Llanes
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel A Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona. Avda. Martí I Franqués, 1. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Bakker JJW, Zieverink MMP, Reintjens RWEG, Kapteijn F, Moulijn JA, Kreutzer MT. Heterogeneously Catalyzed Continuous-Flow Hydrogenation Using Segmented Flow in Capillary Columns. ChemCatChem 2011; 3:1155-1157. [PMID: 21822451 PMCID: PMC3149126 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper J W Bakker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 136, 2628 BL (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) 015 278 5006 E-mail:
| | - Martijn M P Zieverink
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 136, 2628 BL (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) 015 278 5006 E-mail:
| | - Raf W E G Reintjens
- R.W.E.G. Reintjens, DSM Pharmaceutical Products ASC&DP.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen (The Netherlands)
| | - Freek Kapteijn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 136, 2628 BL (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) 015 278 5006 E-mail:
| | - Jacob A Moulijn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 136, 2628 BL (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) 015 278 5006 E-mail:
| | - Michiel T Kreutzer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 136, 2628 BL (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) 015 278 5006 E-mail:
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43
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44
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45
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Zhang Y, Jamison TF, Patel S, Mainolfi N. Continuous Flow Coupling and Decarboxylation Reactions Promoted by Copper Tubing. Org Lett 2010; 13:280-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1026848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Global Discovery Chemistry, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Global Discovery Chemistry, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sejal Patel
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Global Discovery Chemistry, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nello Mainolfi
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc., Global Discovery Chemistry, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Lee KJ, Min SH, Jang J. Preparation of a catalytic membrane reactor with palladium nanoparticles supported by a packed-bed silica nanosupporter for gas-phase methanol oxidation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:2378-2382. [PMID: 20882558 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Tricotet T, O'Shea D. Automated Generation and Reactions of 3-Hydroxymethylindoles in Continuous-Flow Microreactors. Chemistry 2010; 16:6678-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bogdan AR, Poe SL, Kubis DC, Broadwater SJ, McQuade DT. The continuous-flow synthesis of Ibuprofen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8547-50. [PMID: 19810066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Bogdan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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High-Throughput Organic Synthesis in Microreactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(10)38003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Bogdan A, Poe S, Kubis D, Broadwater S, McQuade D. The Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Ibuprofen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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