1
|
Ramos De Dios SM, Tiwari VK, McCune CD, Dhokale RA, Berkowitz DB. Biomacromolecule-Assisted Screening for Reaction Discovery and Catalyst Optimization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13800-13880. [PMID: 35904776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction discovery and catalyst screening lie at the heart of synthetic organic chemistry. While there are efforts at de novo catalyst design using computation/artificial intelligence, at its core, synthetic chemistry is an experimental science. This review overviews biomacromolecule-assisted screening methods and the follow-on elaboration of chemistry so discovered. All three types of biomacromolecules discussed─enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids─have been used as "sensors" to provide a readout on product chirality exploiting their native chirality. Enzymatic sensing methods yield both UV-spectrophotometric and visible, colorimetric readouts. Antibody sensors provide direct fluorescent readout upon analyte binding in some cases or provide for cat-ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay)-type readouts. DNA biomacromolecule-assisted screening allows for templation to facilitate reaction discovery, driving bimolecular reactions into a pseudo-unimolecular format. In addition, the ability to use DNA-encoded libraries permits the barcoding of reactants. All three types of biomacromolecule-based screens afford high sensitivity and selectivity. Among the chemical transformations discovered by enzymatic screening methods are the first Ni(0)-mediated asymmetric allylic amination and a new thiocyanopalladation/carbocyclization transformation in which both C-SCN and C-C bonds are fashioned sequentially. Cat-ELISA screening has identified new classes of sydnone-alkyne cycloadditions, and DNA-encoded screening has been exploited to uncover interesting oxidative Pd-mediated amido-alkyne/alkene coupling reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Virendra K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Christopher D McCune
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ranjeet A Dhokale
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - David B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pàmies O, Margalef J, Cañellas S, James J, Judge E, Guiry PJ, Moberg C, Bäckvall JE, Pfaltz A, Pericàs MA, Diéguez M. Recent Advances in Enantioselective Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution: From Design to Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4373-4505. [PMID: 33739109 PMCID: PMC8576828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This Review compiles the evolution, mechanistic understanding, and more recent advances in enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution and decarboxylative and oxidative allylic substitutions. For each reaction, the catalytic data, as well as examples of their application to the synthesis of more complex molecules, are collected. Sections in which we discuss key mechanistic aspects for high selectivity and a comparison with other metals (with advantages and disadvantages) are also included. For Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution, the catalytic data are grouped according to the type of nucleophile employed. Because of the prominent position of the use of stabilized carbon nucleophiles and heteronucleophiles, many chiral ligands have been developed. To better compare the results, they are presented grouped by ligand types. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative reactions are mainly promoted by PHOX or Trost ligands, which justifies organizing this section in chronological order. For asymmetric oxidative allylic substitution the results are grouped according to the type of nucleophile used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Pàmies
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Margalef
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Santiago Cañellas
- Discovery
Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jinju James
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eric Judge
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Christina Moberg
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Pfaltz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel. St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona. 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Diéguez
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de
Química Física i Inorgànica, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu B, Ecken S, Swyer I, Li C, Jenne A, Vincent F, Schmidig D, Kuehn T, Beck A, Busse F, Stronks H, Soong R, Wheeler AR, Simpson A. Rapid Chemical Reaction Monitoring by Digital Microfluidics‐NMR: Proof of Principle Towards an Automated Synthetic Discovery Platform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15372-15376. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Sebastian Ecken
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Ian Swyer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Chunliang Li
- Laboratory of Physical ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Amy Jenne
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Franck Vincent
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Daniel Schmidig
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Till Kuehn
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Armin Beck
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Falko Busse
- Bruker BioSpin GmbH Silberstreifen 4 76287 Rheinstetten Germany
| | - Henry Stronks
- Bruker Canada Ltd. 2800 High Point Drive Milton Ontario L9T 6P4 Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Aaron R. Wheeler
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - André Simpson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu B, Ecken S, Swyer I, Li C, Jenne A, Vincent F, Schmidig D, Kuehn T, Beck A, Busse F, Stronks H, Soong R, Wheeler AR, Simpson A. Rapid Chemical Reaction Monitoring by Digital Microfluidics‐NMR: Proof of Principle Towards an Automated Synthetic Discovery Platform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Sebastian Ecken
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Ian Swyer
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Chunliang Li
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Amy Jenne
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Franck Vincent
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Daniel Schmidig
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Till Kuehn
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Armin Beck
- Bruker BioSpin AG Industriestrasse 26 8117 Fällanden Switzerland
| | - Falko Busse
- Bruker BioSpin GmbH Silberstreifen 4 76287 Rheinstetten Germany
| | - Henry Stronks
- Bruker Canada Ltd. 2800 High Point Drive Milton Ontario L9T 6P4 Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Aaron R. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - André Simpson
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sonsona IG, Marqués-López E, Gimeno MC, Herrera RP. First aromatic amine organocatalysed activation of α,β-unsaturated ketones. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02392e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a chiral aromatic amine used to activate α,β-unsaturated ketones in aminocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac G. Sonsona
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza)
- E-50009 Zaragoza
| | - Eugenia Marqués-López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza)
- E-50009 Zaragoza
| | - M. Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza)
- E-50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Raquel P. Herrera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza)
- E-50009 Zaragoza
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yan X, Bain RM, Cooks RG. Organic Reactions in Microdroplets: Reaction Acceleration Revealed by Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 55:12960-12972. [PMID: 27530279 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The striking finding that reaction acceleration occurs in confined-volume solutions sets up an apparent conundrum: Microdroplets formed by spray ionization can be used to monitor the course of bulk-phase reactions and also to accelerate reactions between the reagents in such a reaction. This Minireview introduces droplet and thin-film acceleration phenomena and summarizes recent methods applied to study accelerated reactions in confined-volume, high-surface-area solutions. Conditions that dictate either simple monitoring or acceleration are reconciled in the occurrence of discontinuous and complete desolvation as the endpoint of droplet evolution. The contrasting features of microdroplet and bulk-solution reactions are described together with possible mechanisms that drive reaction acceleration in microdroplets. Current applications of droplet microreactors are noted as is reaction acceleration in confined volumes and possible future scale-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ryan M Bain
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - R Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ni S, Wei H, Li B, Chen F, Liu Y, Chen W, Xu Y, Qiu X, Li X, Lu Y, Liu W, Hu L, Lin D, Wang M, Zheng X, Mao F, Zhu J, Lan L, Li J. Novel Inhibitors of Staphyloxanthin Virulence Factor in Comparison with Linezolid and Vancomycin versus Methicillin-Resistant, Linezolid-Resistant, and Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Vivo. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8145-8159. [PMID: 28880552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work ( Wang et al. J. Med. Chem. 2016 , 59 , 4831 - 4848 ) revealed that effective benzocycloalkane-derived staphyloxanthin inhibitors against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections were accompanied by poor water solubility and high hERG inhibition and dosages (preadministration). In this study, 92 chroman and coumaran derivatives as novel inhibitors have been addressed for overcoming deficiencies above. Derivatives 69 and 105 displayed excellent pigment inhibitory activities and low hERG inhibition, along with improvement of solubility by salt type selection. The broad and significantly potent antibacterial spectra of 69 and 105 were displayed first with normal administration in the livers and hearts in mice against pigmented S. aureus Newman, Mu50 (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus), and NRS271 (linezolid-resistant S. aureus), compared with linezolid and vancomycin. In summary, both 69 and 105 have the potential to be developed as good antibacterial candidates targeting virulence factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Ni
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hanwen Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Baoli Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenhua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yixiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoxia Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Linhao Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dazheng Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Manjiong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lefu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Seidl TL, Stuart DR. An Admix Approach To Determine Counter Anion Effects on Metal-Free Arylation Reactions with Diaryliodonium Salts. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11765-11771. [PMID: 28800238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method to determine the effect of counter anions in metal-free arylation reactions of diaryliodonium salts is described. This approach avoids the independent synthesis of individual diaryliodonium salts and potentially enables assessment of a large number of different counter anions, including those that are synthetically challenging to install. Diaryliodonium tosylate salts serve as a general precursor for this approach, and an azide arylation reaction was used to develop this strategy. Further optimization and representative scope of azide arylation is demonstrated in yields that range from 74-95% (89% average). The use of this method as a screening tool has also been validated with arylation reactions of three different nucleophiles employing diphenyliodonium tosylate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Seidl
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu X, Yao ZP. Chiral recognition and determination of enantiomeric excess by mass spectrometry: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 968:1-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Song LJ, Wang T, Zhang X, Chung LW, Wu YD. A Combined DFT/IM-MS Study on the Reaction Mechanism of Cationic Ru(II)-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Song
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College
of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yan X, Bain RM, Cooks RG. Organische Reaktionen in Mikrotröpfchen: Analyse von Reaktionsbeschleunigungen durch Massenspektrometrie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Ryan M. Bain
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhong XM, Cheng GJ, Chen P, Zhang X, Wu YD. Mechanistic Study on Pd/Mono-N-protected Amino Acid Catalyzed Vinyl–Vinyl Coupling Reactions: Reactivity and E/Z Selectivity. Org Lett 2016; 18:5240-5243. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Zhong
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gui-Juan Cheng
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab
of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College
of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Isenegger PG, Pfaltz A. Mass Spectrometric Back Reaction Screening of Quasi-Enantiomeric Products as a Mechanistic Tool. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2534-2543. [PMID: 27417883 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this account, we discuss a mass spectrometric method that enables unambiguous identification of intermediates involved in the enantioselective step of a catalytic cycle. This method, which we originally developed for rapid evaluation of chiral catalysts, is based on monitoring the back reaction of mass-labeled quasi-enantiomeric products by ESI-MS. In this way, the intrinsic enantioselectivity of a chiral catalyst can be determined directly by quantification of catalytically relevant intermediates. By comparing the results from the forward and back reaction, direct evidence for the involvement of a catalytic intermediate in the enantioselective step can be obtained. In addition, insights about the energy profile of the catalytic cycle may be gained. The potential of back reaction screening as a mechanistic tool is demonstrated for organocatalytic aldol reactions, 1,4-additions of aldehydes to nitroolefins, Diels-Alder reactions, Michael additions, and Morita-Baylis-Hillman reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Isenegger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pfaltz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hayashi Y, Mukaiyama T, Benohoud M, Gupta NR, Ono T, Toda S. (16) O/(18) O Exchange of Aldehydes and Ketones caused by H2 (18) O in the Mechanistic Investigation of Organocatalyzed Michael, Mannich, and Aldol Reactions. Chemistry 2016; 22:5868-72. [PMID: 26841358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed Michael, Mannich, and aldol reactions of aldehydes or ketones, as nucleophiles, have triggered several discussions regarding their reaction mechanism. H2 (18) O has been utilized to determine if the reaction proceeds through an enamine or enol mechanism by monitoring the ratio of (18) O incorporated into the final product. In this communication, we describe the risk of H2 (18) O as an evaluation tool for this mechanistic investigation. We have demonstrated that exchange of (16) O/(18) O occurs in the aldehyde or ketone starting material, caused by the presence of H2 (18) O and amine catalysts, before the Michael, Mannich, and aldol reactions proceed. Because the newly generated (18) O starting aldehydes or ketones and (16) O water affect the incorporation ratio of (18) O in the final product, the use of H2 (18) O would not be appropriate to distinguish the mechanism of these organocatalyzed reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan. .,Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Mukaiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Meryem Benohoud
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Nishant R Gupta
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Toda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hopkinson MN, Gómez-Suárez A, Teders M, Sahoo B, Glorius F. Accelerated Discovery in Photocatalysis using a Mechanism-Based Screening Method. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4361-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N. Hopkinson
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Michael Teders
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Basudev Sahoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hopkinson MN, Gómez-Suárez A, Teders M, Sahoo B, Glorius F. Schnelles Entdecken photokatalytischer Reaktionen durch mechanismusbasiertes Screening. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N. Hopkinson
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Michael Teders
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Basudev Sahoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Iacobucci C, Reale S, De Angelis F. Elusive Reaction Intermediates in Solution Explored by ESI-MS: Reverse Periscope for Mechanistic Investigations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2980-93. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Iacobucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Samantha Reale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Iacobucci C, Reale S, De Angelis F. Elektrospray-Massenspektrometrie: ein umgekehrtes Periskop zur Erforschung von Reaktionsmechanismen in Lösung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Iacobucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italien
| | - Samantha Reale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italien
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche; Università dell'Aquila; Via Vetoio, Coppito 67100 L'Aquila Italien
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo M. The Synthesis of Novel Oxazolinylphosphinic Esters and Amides and Application to the Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes. Curr Org Synth 2015; 12:660-672. [PMID: 28413371 PMCID: PMC5388797 DOI: 10.2174/157017941205150821153905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new class of modular functionalized oxazolines are synthesized using a simple, novel one-pot method under inert moisture-free conditions. Then the oxazolines can be further elaborated to phosphine-containing oxazolines. The first step is to synthesize intermediates via the reaction of 2 - hydroxybenzonitrile or 2-aminobenzonitrile with chiral amino alcohols, subsequent reactions with phosphine chlorides, providing products in moderate yields. Product structures are fully characterized by NMR, IR, MS and X-Ray analyses. These compounds are found to be highly active catalysts for the cyanosilylation of prochiral benzaldehyde (20-96% yield).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Luo
- Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230009
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ingram AJ, Boeser CL, Zare RN. Going beyond electrospray: mass spectrometric studies of chemical reactions in and on liquids. Chem Sci 2015; 7:39-55. [PMID: 28757996 PMCID: PMC5508663 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02740c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed and applied ionization techniques have brought mass spectrometry to bear on previously inaccessible chemistry. We offer our perspective on this field and its application for studying reaction mechanisms.
There has been a burst in the number and variety of available ionization techniques to use mass spectrometry to monitor chemical reactions in and on liquids. Chemists have gained the capability to access chemistry at unprecedented timescales, and monitor reactions and detect intermediates under almost any set of conditions. Herein, recently developed ionization techniques that facilitate mechanistic studies of chemical processes are reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of our perspective on the judicious application of these and similar techniques in order to study reaction mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ingram
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305 , USA .
| | | | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Karukurichi KR, Fei X, Swyka RA, Broussy S, Shen W, Dey S, Roy SK, Berkowitz DB. Mini-ISES identifies promising carbafructopyranose-based salens for asymmetric catalysis: Tuning ligand shape via the anomeric effect. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500066. [PMID: 26501130 PMCID: PMC4613784 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces new methods of screening for and tuning chiral space and in so doing identifies a promising set of chiral ligands for asymmetric synthesis. The carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine(s) and salens constructed therefrom are particularly compelling. It is shown that by removing the native anomeric effect in this ligand family, one can tune chiral ligand shape and improve chiral bias. This concept is demonstrated by a combination of (i) x-ray crystallographic structure determination, (ii) assessment of catalytic performance, and (iii) consideration of the anomeric effect and its underlying dipolar basis. The title ligands were identified by a new mini version of the in situ enzymatic screening (ISES) procedure through which catalyst-ligand combinations are screened in parallel, and information on relative rate and enantioselectivity is obtained in real time, without the need to quench reactions or draw aliquots. Mini-ISES brings the technique into the nanomole regime (200 to 350 nmol catalyst/20 μml organic volume) commensurate with emerging trends in reaction development/process chemistry. The best-performing β-d-carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine-derived salen ligand discovered here outperforms the best known organometallic and enzymatic catalysts for the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of 3-phenylpropylene oxide, one of several substrates examined for which the ligand is "matched." This ligand scaffold defines a new swath of chiral space, and anomeric effect tunability defines a new concept in shaping that chiral space. Both this ligand set and the anomeric shape-tuning concept are expected to find broad application, given the value of chiral 1,2-diamines and salens constructed from these in asymmetric catalysis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bächle F, Fleischer I, Pfaltz A. Mass Spectrometric Screening of Racemic Amine Catalysts for Enantioselective Michael Additions. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Wolf E, Richmond E, Moran J. Identifying lead hits in catalyst discovery by screening and deconvoluting complex mixtures of catalyst components. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2501-2505. [PMID: 29308159 PMCID: PMC5647744 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00268k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A combinatorial screening strategy is described that exploits complex mixtures of precatalysts and ligands to rapidly uncover lead in situ generated catalysts.
A reaction-economic combinatorial strategy is described for lead hit identification in catalyst discovery efforts directed towards a specific transformation. Complex mixtures of rationally chosen precatalysts and ligands are screened against various reaction parameters to identify lead conditions in a small number of reactions. Iterative deconvolution of the resulting hits identifies which components contribute to the lead in situ generated catalyst. Application of this strategy rapidly uncovered a new mild in situ generated catalyst for the dehydrative Friedel–Crafts reaction as well as conditions for selective monoarylation in catalytic ortho-C–H arylation of unsubstituted N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eléna Wolf
- ISIS & icFRC , Université de Strasbourg & CNRS , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | - Edward Richmond
- ISIS & icFRC , Université de Strasbourg & CNRS , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | - Joseph Moran
- ISIS & icFRC , Université de Strasbourg & CNRS , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Varga E, Mika LT, Csámpai A, Holczbauer T, Kardos G, Soós T. Mechanistic investigations of a bifunctional squaramide organocatalyst in asymmetric Michael reaction and observation of stereoselective retro-Michael reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19593d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of cinchona–squaramide organocatalytic Michael addition was studied usingin situIR and NMR experiments. As a result, not only kinetic parameters were determined but a stereoselective retro-Michael reaction was also observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Varga
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - László Tamás Mika
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Antal Csámpai
- Institute of Chemistry
- Eötvös Loránd University
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Tamás Holczbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - György Kardos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Contemporary screening approaches to reaction discovery and development. Nat Chem 2014; 6:859-71. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
27
|
Yan X, Sokol E, Li X, Li G, Xu S, Cooks RG. On-Line Reaction Monitoring and Mechanistic Studies by Mass Spectrometry: Negishi Cross-Coupling, Hydrogenolysis, and Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5931-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
28
|
Yan X, Sokol E, Li X, Li G, Xu S, Cooks RG. On-Line Reaction Monitoring and Mechanistic Studies by Mass Spectrometry: Negishi Cross-Coupling, Hydrogenolysis, and Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
29
|
Ohmatsu K, Hara Y, Ooi T. In situ generation of ion-paired chiral ligands: rapid identification of the optimal ligand for palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A method for the in situ generation of ion-paired chiral ligands has been established and successfully applied in combinatorial ligand screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Ohmatsu
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Chikusa, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Chikusa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ooi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Chikusa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bächle F, Duschmalé J, Ebner C, Pfaltz A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins: Identification of Catalytic Intermediates and the Stereoselectivity-Determining Step by ESI-MS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
31
|
Bächle F, Duschmalé J, Ebner C, Pfaltz A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins: Identification of Catalytic Intermediates and the Stereoselectivity-Determining Step by ESI-MS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12619-23. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
32
|
Meng B, Huang X, Wu L. Electrophilic Addition of Allylic Carbocations to 2-Cyclopropylidene-2-arylethanols: A Strategy to 3-Oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptanes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201201073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
33
|
Piovesana S, Samperi R, Laganà A, Bella M. Determination of Enantioselectivity and Enantiomeric Excess by Mass Spectrometry in the Absence of Chiral Chromatographic Separation: An Overview. Chemistry 2013; 19:11478-94. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
34
|
Miller SM, Samame RA, Rychnovsky SD. Nanomole-Scale Assignment of Configuration for Primary Amines Using a Kinetic Resolution Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:20318-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, California
92697, United States
| | - Renzo A. Samame
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, California
92697, United States
| | - Scott D. Rychnovsky
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, California
92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang X. Mass spectrometric and theoretical studies on dissociation of the CS bond in the benzenesulfonic acid and benzenesulfinic acid anion series: Homolytic cleavage vs heterolytic cleavage. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Wang HY, Yim WL, Guo YL, Metzger JO. ESI-MS Studies and Calculations on Second-Generation Grubbs and Hoveyda–Grubbs Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200562c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Wang
- Shanghai Mass Spectrometry Center, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lingling Road 345, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Leung Yim
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis,
Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Yin-Long Guo
- Shanghai Mass Spectrometry Center, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lingling Road 345, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jürgen O. Metzger
- Institut für Reine und
Angewandte Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße
9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Evans LA, Hodnett NS, Lloyd-Jones GC. Der “unparteiische” Ansatz: Strategien zur Entwicklung von racemischen chiralen Katalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
38
|
Evans LA, Hodnett NS, Lloyd-Jones GC. The Even-Handed Approach: Strategies for the Deployment of Racemic Chiral Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:1526-33. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
39
|
Leung D, Kang SO, Anslyn EV. Rapid determination of enantiomeric excess: a focus on optical approaches. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:448-79. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15135e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Friest JA, Broussy S, Chung WJ, Berkowitz DB. Combinatorial catalysis employing a visible enzymatic beacon in real time: synthetically versatile (pseudo)halometalation/carbocyclizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8895-9. [PMID: 21905180 PMCID: PMC3517167 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A. Friest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 (USA), Fax: (+001) 402-472-9402
| | - Sylvain Broussy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 (USA), Fax: (+001) 402-472-9402
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 (USA), Fax: (+001) 402-472-9402
| | - David B. Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 (USA), Fax: (+001) 402-472-9402
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Robbins DW, Hartwig JF. A simple, multidimensional approach to high-throughput discovery of catalytic reactions. Science 2011; 333:1423-7. [PMID: 21903809 PMCID: PMC3261636 DOI: 10.1126/science.1207922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes catalyze many important reactions that are employed in medicine, materials science, and energy production. Although high-throughput methods for the discovery of catalysts that would mirror related approaches for the discovery of medicinally active compounds have been the focus of much attention, these methods have not been sufficiently general or accessible to typical synthetic laboratories to be adopted widely. We report a method to evaluate a broad range of catalysts for potential coupling reactions with the use of simple laboratory equipment. Specifically, we screen an array of catalysts and ligands with a diverse mixture of substrates and then use mass spectrometry to identify reaction products that, by design, exceed the mass of any single substrate. With this method, we discovered a copper-catalyzed alkyne hydroamination and two nickel-catalyzed hydroarylation reactions, each of which displays excellent functional-group tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Robbins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wagner AJ, David JG, Rychnovsky SD. Determination of absolute configuration using kinetic resolution catalysts. Org Lett 2011; 13:4470-3. [PMID: 21776975 PMCID: PMC3179685 DOI: 10.1021/ol201902y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new method was developed to assign the absolute configuration of molecules using kinetic resolution catalysts. Secondary alcohols were acylated in the presence of Birman's S-HBTM and R-HBTM catalysts, and the fast-reacting catalyst was identified by NMR analysis of the reaction mixture. A mnemonic was developed to assign configuration based on the identity of the fast-reacting catalyst. The method uses only 1-3 mg of alcohol, and it is more convenient than the Mosher method. The kinetic resolution strategy may be extended to other classes of molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Jonathan G. David
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Scott D. Rychnovsky
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Friest JA, Broussy S, Chung WJ, Berkowitz DB. Combinatorial Catalysis Employing a Visible Enzymatic Beacon in Real Time: Synthetically Versatile (Pseudo)Halometalation/Carbocyclizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
44
|
Agrawal D, Schröder D, Frech CM. Observation of Binuclear Palladium Clusters upon ESI-MS Monitoring of the Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Catalyzed by a Dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) Complex of Palladium. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200274z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Agrawal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christian M. Frech
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Russo A, Capobianco A, Perfetto A, Lattanzi A, Peluso A. Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Malononitrile to Chalcones Promoted by α,α-L-Diaryl Prolinols: Noncovalent versus Covalent Catalysis? European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
46
|
Goguet A, Hardacre C, Maguire N, Morgan K, Shekhtman SO, Thompson SP. Time of flight mass spectrometry for quantitative data analysis in fast transient studies using a Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP) reactor. Analyst 2011; 136:155-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Yang HM, Li L, Jiang KZ, Jiang JX, Lai GQ, Xu LW. Highly enantioselective synthesis of warfarin and its analogs by means of cooperative LiClO4/DPEN-catalyzed Michael reaction: enantioselectivity enhancement and mechanism. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
48
|
Dissociation of the NO bond vs. NC bond in Me3NOX+ (X=H, Li, Na and K): An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
49
|
Electrospray Mass Spectrometric Studies of Two Palladium−Allyl Complexes of the Trost Standard Ligand. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100591c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
50
|
Chen Y, Tang W, Mou J, Li Z. High-Throughput Method for Determining the Enantioselectivity of Enzyme-Catalyzed Hydroxylations Based on Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:5278-83. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|