1
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García-Padilla E, Escofet I, Maseras F, Echavarren AM. Puzzling Structure of the Key Intermediates in Gold(I)-catalyzed Cyclization Reactions of Enynes and Allenenes. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300502. [PMID: 37987142 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
We identify the dominant structures of the intermediates of gold(I)-catalyzed cyclizations of 1,5-enynes and 1,5-allenenes through computational analysis as gold(I) cyclopropylcarbenes, endocyclic vinylgold complexes and previously unreported non-classical carbocationic minima. In contrast to 1,6-enynes, the exocyclic carbocations are found to be less stable. Cyclopropylcarbene structures are consistently favoured as the most stable intermediates for all studied substitution patterns. We validate the computational methods used by using DLPNO-CCSD(T) energies as a benchmark, indicating that the B3LYP-D3 and M06-D3 functionals are most accurate for energy determination, while NPA charges are mostly insensitive to functional. The evolution of a 1,6-enyne in a single-cleavage or double-cleavage rearrangement is attributed to the barrierless evolution of a common cyclopropyl-gold(I) carbocation non-stationary geometry. Our findings provide insights into reaction pathways and substrate dependence of the cycloisomerization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Padilla
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química, Orgànica Universitat, Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel⋅lí, Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Imma Escofet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química, Orgànica Universitat, Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel⋅lí, Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química, Orgànica Universitat, Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel⋅lí, Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química, Orgànica Universitat, Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel⋅lí, Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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2
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Cataffo A, Peña-López M, Pedrazzani R, Echavarren AM. Chiral Auxiliary Approach for Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312874. [PMID: 37872748 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Two different classes of stereoselective cyclizations have been developed using a chiral auxiliary approach with commercially available [JohnPhosAu(MeCN)SbF6 ] as catalyst. First, a stereoselective cascade cyclization of 1,5-enynes was achieved using the Oppolzer camphorsultam as chiral auxiliary. In this case, a one-pot cyclization-hydrolysis sequence was developed to directly afford enantioenriched spirocyclic ketones. Then, the stereoselective alkoxycyclization of 1,6-enynes was mediated by an Evans-type oxazolidinone. A reduction-hydrolysis sequence was selected to remove the auxiliary to give enantioenriched β-tetralones. DFT studies confirmed that the steric clash between the chiral auxiliary and alkene accounts for the experimentally observed diastereoselective cyclization through the Si face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cataffo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), CERCA, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miguel Peña-López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), CERCA, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Pedrazzani
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), CERCA, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), CERCA, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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3
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García-Padilla E, Maseras F, Echavarren AM. Gold(I)-Catalyzed 1,6-Enyne Single-Cleavage Rearrangements: The Complete Picture. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2023; 3:312-320. [PMID: 37810414 PMCID: PMC10557124 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
We identify the factors that rule the selectivity in single-cleavage skeletal rearrangements promoted by gold(I) catalysts. We find that stereoconvergence is enabled by a rotational equilibrium when electron-rich substituents are used. The anomalous Z-selective skeletal rearrangement is found to be due to electronic factors, whereas endo-selectivity depends on both steric and electronic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Padilla
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute
of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute
of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute
of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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4
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Cheng J, Li YH, Huang J, Yang Z. Total Syntheses of Vicinal Dichloride Monoterpenes Enabled by Aza-Belluš-Claisen Rearrangement. Org Lett 2021; 23:8465-8470. [PMID: 34652926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diastereoselective syntheses of syn- and anti-vicinal dihalides were achieved via an aza-Belluš-Claisen rearrangement, which involved the reaction of an α-chloro carboxylic acid chloride with halogen-substituted trans-allyl morpholines in the presence of Lewis acids. The developed method was used for the total synthesis of a group of monoterpene natural products bearing vicinal dichloride subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan-He Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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5
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Suárez‐Rodríguez T, Suárez‐Sobrino ÁL, Ballesteros A. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intermolecular Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of O-Aryl Ynol Ethers and Enol Ethers: Synthesis of Chromene Derivatives. Chemistry 2021; 27:13079-13084. [PMID: 34278626 PMCID: PMC8518403 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gold(I)-catalyzed formal [4+2] cycloaddition of O-aryl ynol ethers 1 and enol ethers 2 is described. This intermolecular reaction between two electron-rich unsaturated systems takes place, under mild conditions, in the presence of 5 mol% [IPrAu(CH3 CN)]SbF6 as catalyst giving chromene derivatives with good yields. The cycloaddition is completely regio- and stereoselective, as well as versatile for both reactives. Silyl enol ethers can also react in the same way and under the same reaction conditions with quantitative yields. A plausible mechanism through a selective addition of the enol ether to the alkyne gold activated complex followed by an intramolecular aromatic electrophilic substitution is proposed. Several experimental results support the presence of a cationic oxonium intermediate prior to the aromatic substitution. The reaction represents a new entry to the chromene core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Suárez‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaInstituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”Universidad de OviedoJulián ClaveríaOviedo, 833006-OviedoSpain
| | - Ángel L. Suárez‐Sobrino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaInstituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”Universidad de OviedoJulián ClaveríaOviedo, 833006-OviedoSpain
| | - Alfredo Ballesteros
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaInstituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”Universidad de OviedoJulián ClaveríaOviedo, 833006-OviedoSpain
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6
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Ru GX, Zhang TT, Zhang M, Jiang XL, Wan ZK, Zhu XH, Shen WB, Gao GQ. Recent progress towards the transition-metal-catalyzed Nazarov cyclization of alkynes via metal carbenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5274-5283. [PMID: 34060570 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00744k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, transition-metal-catalyzed tandem cyclization reactions of alkynes, especially those involving a metal carbene intermediate, have received worthwhile interest, as this type of reaction does not require the use of risky and potentially explosive diazo compounds as starting materials for carbene generation. A significant and general strategy for the stereospecific synthesis of 5-membered cycles is Nazarov cyclization based on the 4π-conrotatory electrocyclization of a conjugated pentadienyl cation to afford a cyclopentenyl cation. In this review, we introduce an overview of recent advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed Nazarov cyclization of alkynes via a metal carbene intermediate, and categorize these reactions according to the structure of the metal carbene. Our aim is to accelerate advancements in this enchanting area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xin Ru
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Jiang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Zheng-Kai Wan
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Xiu-Hong Zhu
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Wen-Bo Shen
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Guang-Qin Gao
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
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7
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Qin XY, Meng FT, Wang M, Tu SJ, Hao WJ, Wang J, Jiang B. Gold-Catalyzed Skeletal Rearrangement of Alkenes: Regioselective Synthesis of Skeletally Diverse Tricyclic Heterocycles and Mechanistic Investigations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Qin
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Tao Meng
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Mian Wang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
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8
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Chintawar CC, Yadav AK, Kumar A, Sancheti SP, Patil NT. Divergent Gold Catalysis: Unlocking Molecular Diversity through Catalyst Control. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8478-8558. [PMID: 33555193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The catalyst-directed divergent synthesis, commonly termed as "divergent catalysis", has emerged as a promising technique as it allows chartering of structurally distinct products from common substrates simply by modulating the catalyst system. In this regard, gold complexes emerged as powerful catalysts as they offer unique reactivity profiles as compared to various other transition metal catalysts, primarily due to their salient electronic and geometrical features. Owing to the tunable soft π-acidic nature, gold catalysts not only evolved as superior contenders for catalyzing the reactions of alkynes, alkenes, and allenes but also, more intriguingly, have been found to provide divergent reaction pathways over other π-acid catalysts such as Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Cu, In, Sc, Hg, Zn, etc. The recent past has witnessed a renaissance in such examples wherein, by choosing gold catalysts over other transition metal catalysts or by fine-tuning the ligands, counteranions or oxidation states of the gold catalyst itself, a complete reactivity switch was observed. However, reviews documenting such examples are sporadic; as a result, most of the reports of this kind remained scattered in the literature, thereby hampering further development of this burgeoning field. By conceptualizing the idea of "Divergent Gold Catalysis (DGC)", this review aims to consolidate all such reports and provide a unified approach necessary to pave the way for further advancement of this exciting area. Based on the factors governing the divergence in product formation, an explicit classification of DGC has been provided. To gain a fundamental understanding of the divergence in observed reactivities and selectivities, the review is accompanied by mechanistic insights at appropriate places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Amit K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Shashank P Sancheti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Nitin T Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
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9
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Escofet I, Armengol‐Relats H, Bruss H, Besora M, Echavarren AM. On the Structure of Intermediates in Enyne Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclizations: Formation of trans-Fused Bicyclo[5.1.0]octanes as a Case Study. Chemistry 2020; 26:15738-15745. [PMID: 33155306 PMCID: PMC7756441 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nature of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-type intermediates has been reexamined as part of a mechanistic study on the formation of cis- or trans-fused bicyclo[5.1.0]octanes in a gold(I)-catalyzed cascade reaction. Benchmark of DFT methods together with QTAIM theory and NBO analysis confirms the formation of distinct intermediates with carbenic or carbocationic structures in the cycloisomerizations of enynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imma Escofet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Helena Armengol‐Relats
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Hanna Bruss
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Maria Besora
- Departament de Química Física i InorgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
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10
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Abstract
Three- and four-membered rings, widespread motifs in nature and medicinal chemistry, have fascinated chemists ever since their discovery. However, due to energetic considerations, small rings are often difficult to assemble. In this regard, homogeneous gold catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to construct these highly strained carbocycles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of all the major advances and discoveries made in the gold-catalyzed synthesis of cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, cyclobutanes, cyclobutenes, and their corresponding heterocyclic or heterosubstituted analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina Garcı A-Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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11
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Virumbrales C, Suárez‐Pantiga S, Marín‐Luna M, Silva López C, Sanz R. Unlocking the 5‐
exo
Pathway with the Au
I
‐Catalyzed Alkoxycyclization of 1,3‐Dien‐5‐ynes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8443-8451. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Virumbrales
- Área de Química Orgánica. Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad de Burgos Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Samuel Suárez‐Pantiga
- Área de Química Orgánica. Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad de Burgos Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Marta Marín‐Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and CITACAAgri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da AugaUniversidade de Vigo 32004 Ourense Spain
- Current address: Departamento de Química OrgánicaRegional Campus of International Excellence „Campus Mare Nostrum“Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Carlos Silva López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and CITACAAgri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da AugaUniversidade de Vigo 32004 Ourense Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica. Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad de Burgos Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
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12
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Yamamoto K, López E, Barrio P, Borge J, López LA. Gold-Catalyzed [3+2] Carbocycloaddition Reaction of Pinacol Alkenylboronates: Stereospecific Synthesis of Boryl-Functionalized Cyclopentene Derivatives. Chemistry 2020; 26:6999-7003. [PMID: 32237097 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gold-catalysis has enabled new synthetic opportunities in the chemistry of vinyldiazo compounds. Herein, we report the gold-catalyzed reaction of stabilized vinyldiazo compounds with pinacol alkenylboronates to provide boryl-functionalized cyclopentene derivatives through a formal [3+2] carbocycloaddition reaction, a very unusual pathway in alkenylboronate chemistry. This reaction proceeds with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The synthetic usefulness of the resulting borylated cyclopentene derivatives toward the synthesis of densely functionalized cyclopentanoids is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Yamamoto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto, Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006-, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enol López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto, Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006-, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Barrio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto, Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006-, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier Borge
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006-, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis A López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto, Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006-, Oviedo, Spain
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13
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Alyabyev SB, Beletskaya IP. Gold as a catalyst. Part III. Addition to double bonds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Computational study of homogenous gold-catalyzed oxime–oxime rearrangement: Balci–Güven rearrangement. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Virumbrales C, Solas M, Suárez-Pantiga S, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Marín-Luna M, López CS, Sanz R. Gold(i)-catalyzed nucleophilic cyclization of β-monosubstituted o-(alkynyl)styrenes: a combined experimental and computational study. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9924-9932. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The diastereospecific 5-endo cyclization of β-monosubstituted o-(alkynyl)styrenes to 1-functionalized-1H-indenes is reported. The regiospecific generation of a cyclopropyl gold carbene intermediate is also supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Virumbrales
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | - Marta Solas
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | | | - Marta Marín-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo
- Spain
| | - Carlos Silva López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo
- Spain
- CITACA - Clúster de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria del Campus Auga
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
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16
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Alyabyev SB, Beletskaya IP. Gold as a catalyst. Part II. Alkynes in the reactions of carbon–carbon bond formation. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Vayer M, Guillot R, Bour C, Gandon V. Synthesis of 3-Substituted 3-Bromo-1-phenylallenes from Alkynylcycloheptatrienes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11309-11317. [PMID: 30044920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been developed for the preparation of 3-bromo-1-phenylallenes from 7-alkynylcycloheptatrienes and N-bromosuccinimide. Trisubstituted bromoallenes were obtained at room temperature in moderate to excellent yields. Functionalization of the carbon-bromine bond via Pd- or Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions easily provided substituted allenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vayer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay , CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 420 , 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay , CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 420 , 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay , CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 420 , 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay , CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 420 , 91405 Orsay cedex, France
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18
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Virumbrales C, Suárez-Pantiga S, Solas M, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Sanz R. Gold(i)-catalyzed diastereoselective synthesis of 1-α-oxybenzyl-1H-indenes. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2623-2628. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00406d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gold(i)-catalyzed oxycyclization of β-aryl monosubstituted o-(alkynyl)styrenes gives rise to 1-α-methoxy or 1-α-hydroxybenzyl-1H-indenes in a diastereospecific way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Virumbrales
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | - Marta Solas
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
| | | | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
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19
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de Orbe ME, Amenós L, Kirillova MS, Wang Y, López-Carrillo V, Maseras F, Echavarren AM. Cyclobutene vs 1,3-Diene Formation in the Gold-Catalyzed Reaction of Alkynes with Alkenes: The Complete Mechanistic Picture. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10302-10311. [PMID: 28700226 PMCID: PMC5543397 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The intermolecular gold(I)-catalyzed reaction between arylalkynes and alkenes leads to cyclobutenes by a [2 + 2] cycloaddition, which takes place stepwise, first by formation of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes, followed by a ring expansion. However, 1,3-butadienes are also formed in the case of ortho-substituted arylalkynes by a metathesis-type process. The corresponding reaction of alkenes with aryl-1,3-butadiynes, ethynylogous to arylalkynes, leads exclusively to cyclobutenes. A comprehensive mechanism for the gold(I)-catalyzed reaction of alkynes with alkenes is proposed on the basis of density functional theory calculations, which shows that the two pathways leading to cyclobutenes or dienes are very close in energy. The key intermediates are cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes, which have been independently generated by retro-Buchner reaction from stereodefined 1a,7b-dihydro-1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elena de Orbe
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laura Amenós
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mariia S Kirillova
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yahui Wang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Verónica López-Carrillo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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20
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Sun H, Xu S, Xing Z, Liu L, Feng S, Fang B, Xie X, She X. Rapid construction of complex tetracyclic frameworks via a gold(i)-catalyzed tandem 1,2-acyloxy migration/[3 + 2] cycloaddition/Friedel–Crafts type cyclization reaction of linear enynyl esters. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00511c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magic “Au”: 3 rings and 2–3 quaternary centers were constructed in one step!
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shangbiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Fang
- Chemical Engineering Institute
- Northwest University for Nationalities
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xingang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuegong She
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- People's Republic of China
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21
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Yu X, Su F, Liu C, Yuan H, Zhao S, Zhou Z, Quan T, Luo T. Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Various Amphilectane and Serrulatane Diterpenoids via Cope Rearrangements. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6261-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fan Su
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haosen Yuan
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyao Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tianfei Quan
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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22
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Singh RR, Pawar SK, Huang MJ, Liu RS. Gold-catalyzed [3+2]-annulations of α-aryl diazonitriles with ynamides and allenamides to yield 1-amino-1H-indenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11434-11437. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed [3+2]-annulations of α-aryl diazonitriles with ynamides and allenamides yielding 1-amino-1H-indenes in two distinct pathways have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samir Kundlik Pawar
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Min-Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
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23
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Activation of Alkynes for the Construction of Molecular Complexity. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9028-72. [PMID: 25844920 PMCID: PMC4580024 DOI: 10.1021/cr500691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1308] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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24
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7321-32. [PMID: 26061916 PMCID: PMC4531321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of 1,n-enynes catalyzed by gold(I) proceed via electrophilic species with a highly distorted cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like structure, which can react with different nucleophiles to form a wide variety of products by attack at the cyclopropane or the carbene carbons. Particularly important are reactions in which the gold(I) carbene reacts with alkenes to form cyclopropanes either intra- or intermolecularly. In the absence of nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes lead to a variety of cycloisomerized products including those resulting from skeletal rearrangements. Reactions proceeding through cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates are ideally suited for the bioinspired synthesis of terpenoid natural products by the selective activation of the alkyne in highly functionalized enynes or polyenynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Guven
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Sinem Ozer
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdal Kaya
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Department
of Chemistry, Giresun University, 28200 Giresun, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Menges
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Yüzüncü Yil University, 65100 Van, Turkey
| | - Metin Balci
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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26
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Nunes dos Santos Comprido L, Klein JEMN, Knizia G, Kästner J, Hashmi ASK. Zu den stabilisierenden Effekten in Carbengoldkomplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Nunes Dos Santos Comprido L, Klein JEMN, Knizia G, Kästner J, Hashmi ASK. The Stabilizing Effects in Gold Carbene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10336-40. [PMID: 25951142 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bonding and stabilizing effects in gold carbene complexes are investigated by using Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) and the intrinsic bond orbital (IBO) approach. The π-stabilizing effects of organic substituents at the carbene carbon atom coordinated to the gold atom are evaluated for a series of recently isolated and characterized complexes, as well as intermediates of prototypical 1,6-enyne cyclization reactions. The results indicate that these effects are of particular importance for gold complexes especially because of the low π-backbonding contribution from the gold atom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes E M N Klein
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany).,Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota; Minneapolis (USA)
| | - Gerald Knizia
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University (USA)
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany).
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany). .,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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28
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Muratore ME, Homs A, Obradors C, Echavarren AM. Meeting the challenge of intermolecular gold(I)-catalyzed cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:3066-82. [PMID: 25048645 PMCID: PMC4676923 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of gold(I)-catalyzed intermolecular carbo- and hetero-cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes has been more challenging than their intramolecular counterparts. Here we review, with a mechanistic perspective, the most fundamental intermolecular cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes with alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Muratore
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Anna Homs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
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29
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Abstract
Gold(i) controls complex transformations proceeding through carbocationic species by stabilising the key reactive intermediates.
Many mechanistically intriguing reactions have been developed in the last decade using gold(i) as catalyst. Here we review the main mechanistic proposals in gold-catalysed activation of alkynes and allenes, in which this metal plays a central role by stabilising a variety of complex cationic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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30
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Zhuo LG, Zhang JJ, Yu ZX. Mechanisms of the InCl3-Catalyzed Type-I, II, and III Cycloisomerizations of 1,6-Enynes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3809-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500059j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Gang Zhuo
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ji-Ji Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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31
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Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of enynes are probably the most representative carbon-carbon bond forming reactions catalyzed by electrophilic metal complexes. These transformations are synthetically useful because chemists can use them to build complex architectures under mild conditions from readily assembled starting materials. However, these transformations can have complex mechanisms. In general, gold(I) activates alkynes in the presence of any other unsaturated functional group by forming an (η(2)-alkyne)-gold complex. This species reacts readily with nucleophiles, including electron-rich alkenes. In this case, the reaction forms cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates. These can come from different pathways depending on the substitution pattern of the alkyne and the alkene. In the absence of external nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes can form products of skeletal rearrangement in fully intramolecular reactions, which are mechanistically very different from metathesis reactions initiated by the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of a Grubbs-type carbene or other related metal carbenes. In this Account, we discuss how cycloisomerization and addition reactions of substituted enynes, as well as intermolecular reactions between alkynes and alkenes, are best interpreted as proceeding through discrete cationic intermediates in which gold(I) plays a significant role in the stabilization of the positive charge. The most important intermediates are highly delocalized cationic species that some chemists describe as cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes or gold(I)-stabilized cyclopropylmethyl/cyclobutyl/homoallyl carbocations. However, we prefer the cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene formulation for its simplicity and mnemonic value, highlighting the tendency of these intermediates to undergo cyclopropanation reactions with alkenes. We can add a variety of hetero- and carbonucleophiles to the enynes in the presence of gold(I) in intra- or intermolecular reactions, leading to the corresponding adducts with high stereoselectivity through stereospecific anti-additions. We have also developed stereospecific syn-additions, which probably occur through similar intermediates. The attack of carbonyl groups at the cyclopropyl carbons of the intermediate cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes initiates a particularly interesting group of reactions. These trigger a cascade transformation that can lead to the formation of two C-C and one C-O bonds. In the fully intramolecular process, this stereospecific transformation has been applied for the synthesis of natural sesquiterpenoids such as (+)-orientalol F and (-)-englerin A. Intra- and intermolecular trapping of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes with alkenes leads to the formation of cyclopropanes with significant increase in the molecular complexity, particularly in cases in which this process combines with the migration of propargylic alkoxy and related OR groups. We have recently shown this in the stereoselective total synthesis of the antiviral sesquiterpene (+)-schisanwilsonene by a cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration/intermolecular cyclopropanation. In this synthesis, the cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration is faster than the alternative 1,2-acyloxy migration that would result in racemization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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32
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33
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Feng YJ, Lai YH, Lin YC, Huang SL, Liu YH. Reactions of aromatic S- and O-enynes with two methyl substituents on the olefinic unit assisted by a ruthenium complex: tandem cyclization and product selectivity. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:602-11. [PMID: 24265173 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-assisted cyclizations of two enynes, HC≡CCH(OH)(C6H4)X-CH2CH=CMe2 (X=S (1a), O (1b)), each of which contains two terminal methyl substituents on the olefinic parts, are explored. The reaction of 1a in CH2Cl2 gives the vinylidene complex 2a from the first cyclization and two side products, 3a and the carbene complex 4a with a benzothiophene ligand. The same reaction in the presence of HBF4 affords 4a exclusively. Air oxidation of 4a in the presence of Et3N readily gives an aldehyde product. In MeOH, tandem cyclizations of 1a generate a mixture of the benzothiochromene compound 10a and the carbene complex 7a also with a benzothiochromene ligand. First, cyclization of 1b likewise proceeds in CH2Cl2 to give 2b. Tandem cyclization of 1b in MeOH yields comparable products 10b and 7b with benzochromene moieties, yet with no other side product. The reaction of [Ru]Cl with HC≡CCH(OH)(C6H4)S-CH2CH=CH2 (1c), which contains no methyl substituent in the olefinic part, in MeOH gives the carbene complex 15c with an unsubstituted thiochromene by means of a C-S bond formation. Structures of 3a and 15c are confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The presence of methyl groups of enynes 1a and 1b promotes sequential cyclization reactions that involve C-C bond formation through carbocationic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jhen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 (Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
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Sanjuán AM, Martínez A, García-García P, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Sanz R. Gold(I)-catalyzed 6-endo hydroxycyclization of 7-substituted-1,6-enynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2242-9. [PMID: 24204437 PMCID: PMC3817472 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclization of o-(alkynyl)-3-(methylbut-2-enyl)benzenes, 1,6-enynes having a condensed aromatic ring at C3–C4 positions, has been studied under the catalysis of cationic gold(I) complexes. The selective 6-endo-dig mode of cyclization observed for the 7-substituted substrates in the presence of water or methanol giving rise to hydroxy(methoxy)-functionalized dihydronaphthalene derivatives is highly remarkable in the context of the observed reaction pathways for the cycloisomerizations of 1,6-enynes bearing a trisubstituted olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Sanjuán
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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35
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Kawade RK, Liu RS. Gold-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of 4-Allenyl-1-ynes with 8-Methylquinoline Oxide. Org Lett 2013; 15:4094-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kisan Kawade
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
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36
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Cauteruccio S, Loos A, Bossi A, Blanco Jaimes MC, Dova D, Rominger F, Prager S, Dreuw A, Licandro E, Hashmi ASK. Gold(I) Complexes of Tetrathiaheterohelicene Phosphanes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:7995-8004. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4005533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cauteruccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan,
Italy
| | - Annette Loos
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Bossi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, CNR, via Fantoli 16/15, I-20138
Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Camila Blanco Jaimes
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Davide Dova
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan,
Italy
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Prager
- Interdisziplinäres
Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres
Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Emanuela Licandro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan,
Italy
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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37
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Guérinot A, Fang W, Sircoglou M, Bour C, Bezzenine-Lafollée S, Gandon V. Copper Salts as Additives in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5848-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Guérinot A, Fang W, Sircoglou M, Bour C, Bezzenine-Lafollée S, Gandon V. Copper Salts as Additives in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Malhotra D, Liu LP, Mashuta MS, Hammond GB. Gold-Catalyzed Annulations of 2-Alkynyl Benzaldehydes with Vinyl Ethers: Synthesis of Dihydronaphthalene, Isochromene, and Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:4043-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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40
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Zhuo LG, Zhang JJ, Yu ZX. DFT and Experimental Exploration of the Mechanism of InCl3-Catalyzed Type II Cycloisomerization of 1,6-Enynes: Identifying InCl2+ as the Catalytic Species and Answering Why Nonconjugated Dienes Are Generated. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8527-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301471w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Gang Zhuo
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
| | - Ji-Ji Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
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41
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Escribano-Cuesta A, Pérez-Galán P, Herrero-Gómez E, Sekine M, Braga AAC, Maseras F, Echavarren AM. The role of cyclobutenes in gold(I)-catalysed skeletal rearrangement of 1,6-enynes. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6105-11. [PMID: 22648404 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,6-Enynes with electron-donating substituents at the alkyne undergo gold(I)-catalysed single cleavage skeletal rearrangement, whereas substrates with electron-withdrawing substituents evolve selectively to double cleavage rearrangement. Theoretical calculations provide a qualitative rationale for these effects, and suggest that bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-5-enes are involved as intermediates. We provide the first X-ray structural evidence for the formation of a product of this class in a cycloisomerisation of a 1,6-enyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Escribano-Cuesta
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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42
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Huang C, Kothandaraman P, Koh BQ, Chan PWH. Study of substrate dependence on the chemoselectivity of the gold-catalysed cycloisomerisation of aryl substituted 1,7-enynes. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9067-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26458g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dateer RB, Pati K, Liu RS. Gold-catalyzed synthesis of substituted 2-aminofurans via formal [4+1]-cycloadditions on 3-en-1-ynamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7200-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Pagar VV, Jadhav AM, Liu RS. Gold-catalyzed formal [3 + 3] and [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of nitrosobenzenes with alkenylgold carbenoids. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:20728-31. [PMID: 22128862 DOI: 10.1021/ja209980d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report two new formal cycloaddition reactions between nitrosobenzenes and alkenylgold carbenoids. We obtained quinoline oxides 3 in satisfactory yields from the gold-catalyzed [3 + 3]-cycloadditions between nitrosobenzenes and alkenyldiazo esters 1. For propargyl esters 5, its resulting gold carbenes react with nitrosobenzene to give alkenylimine 8, followed by a [4 + 2]-cycloaddition with nitrosobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Vishnu Pagar
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, ROC
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López-Carrillo V, Huguet N, Mosquera Á, Echavarren AM. Nature of the Intermediates in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclizations of 1,5-Enynes. Chemistry 2011; 17:10972-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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El-Hellani A, Bour C, Gandon V. Evaluation of the Electronic Properties of a Carbodiphosphorane through Gold Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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48
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Yang H, Chung CP, Lin YC, Liu YH. Facile oxygenation reactions of ruthenium acetylide complex containing substituted olefinic group. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3703-10. [PMID: 21380405 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01551b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the ruthenium acetylide complex Cp(dppe)RuC≡CCH(OMe)CPh(2)-CH(2)CH=CMe(2) (5a) with oxygen readily gives acetone and the acyl complex 6 in almost quantitative yield. Protonation of 5a is followed by an elimination of MeOH and a hydroxyl addition at Cα in the presence of water to give the hydroxycarbene complex 7a. The structures of the acyl complex 6 and the hydroxycarbene complex 7c are fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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49
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Diebolt O, Fortman GC, Clavier H, Slawin AMZ, Escudero-Adán EC, Benet-Buchholz J, Nolan SP. Steric and Electronic Parameters Characterizing Bulky and Electron-Rich Dialkylbiarylphosphines. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om101174x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Diebolt
- School of Chemistry, University of St-Andrews, St-Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Spain
| | - George C. Fortman
- School of Chemistry, University of St-Andrews, St-Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Hervé Clavier
- School of Chemistry, University of St-Andrews, St-Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Spain
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- School of Chemistry, University of St-Andrews, St-Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007, Spain
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