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White BE, White MK, Nima Alsudani ZA, Watanabe F, Biris AS, Ali N. Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanorods in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060937. [PMID: 35335749 PMCID: PMC8953423 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanosized materials have been proposed for a wide range of biomedical applications, given their unique characteristics. However, how these nanomaterials interact with cells and tissues, as well as how they bio-distribute in organisms, is still under investigation. Differences such as the nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry affect the basic mechanisms of cellular uptake and responses, which, in turn, affects the nanoparticles’ applicability for biomedical applications. Thus, it is vital to determine how a specific nanoparticle interacts with cells of interest before extensive in vivo applications are performed. Here, we delineate the uptake mechanism and localization of gold nanorods in SKBR-3 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Our results show both differences and similarities in the nanorod–cell interactions of the two cell lines. We accurately quantified the cellular uptake of gold nanorods in SKBR-3 and MCF-7 using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that both cell types use macropinocytosis to internalize bare nanorods that aggregate and associate with the cell membrane. In addition, we were able to qualitatively track and show intracellular nanoparticle localization using transmission electron microscopy. The results of this study will be invaluable for the successful development of novel and “smart” nanodrugs based on gold nano-structural delivery vehicles, which heavily depend on their complex interactions with single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan E. White
- Department of Biology, Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Molly K. White
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (M.K.W.); (Z.A.N.A.); (F.W.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Zeid A. Nima Alsudani
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (M.K.W.); (Z.A.N.A.); (F.W.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (M.K.W.); (Z.A.N.A.); (F.W.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Alexandru S. Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (M.K.W.); (Z.A.N.A.); (F.W.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Nawab Ali
- Department of Biology, Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA;
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White BE, White MK, Adhvaryu H, Makhoul I, Nima ZA, Biris AS, Ali N. Nanotechnology approaches to addressing HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Nanotechnol 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-020-00068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBreast cancer is a major cause of cancer-associated deaths in the United States. It was estimated that 12% of women in the U.S. will develop invasive breast cancer in their lifetime. The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) is a growth-promoting protein that is overexpressed in 15–20% of breast cancers (HER2-positive breast cancer). HER2-positive breast cancer generally grows and spreads more quickly than other breast cancers, but it can be targeted therapeutically. Targeting drugs have been developed with a specific design to stop the growth and even the spread of cancer. These drugs include trastuzumab (Herceptin), pertuzumab (Perjeta), ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla, or TDM-1), fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan, lapatinib, neratinib and tucatinib. However, the need for better targeted therapy and efficacy still exists. Nanotechnology could have major advantages in terms of detection, targeting, drug delivery, and destruction of cancer cells and tumors. Although a great deal of progress has been accomplished major challenges still need to be addressed. In this review, we examine the major areas of research in the area of nanotechnology and HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Zhang Q, Guo Q, Chen Q, Zhao X, Pennycook SJ, Chen H. Highly Efficient 2D NIR-II Photothermal Agent with Fenton Catalytic Activity for Cancer Synergistic Photothermal-Chemodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902576. [PMID: 32274298 PMCID: PMC7141019 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic modality with high therapeutic specificity, however, its therapeutic effectiveness is limited by available high-efficiency photothermal agents (PTAs), especially in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow. Here, based on facile liquid-exfoliated FePS3 nanosheets, a highly efficient NIR-II PTA with its photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 43.3% is demonstrated, which is among the highest reported levels in typical PTAs. More importantly, such Fe-based 2D nanosheets also show superior Fenton catalytic activity facilitated by their ultrahigh specific surface area, simultaneously enabling cancer chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Impressively, the efficiency of CDT could be further remarkably enhanced by its photothermal effect, leading to cancer synergistic PTT/CDT. Both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal a highly efficient tumor ablation under NIR-II light irradiation. This work provides a paradigm for cancer CDT and PTT in the NIR-II biowindow via a single 2D nanoplatform with desired therapeutic effect. Furthermore, with additional possibilities for magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic tomography, as well as drug loading, this Fe-based 2D material could potentially serve as a 2D "all-in-one" theranostic nanoplatform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Qiangbing Guo
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117575Singapore
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117575Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117575Singapore
- NUSNNI‐NanocoreNational University of SingaporeSingapore117411Singapore
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
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Quantification of Carbon Nanotube Doses in Adherent Cell Culture Assays Using UV-VIS-NIR Spectroscopy. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121765. [PMID: 31835823 PMCID: PMC6956054 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The overt hazard of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is often assessed using in vitro methods, but determining a dose–response relationship is still a challenge due to the analytical difficulty of quantifying the dose delivered to cells. An approach to accurately quantify CNT doses for submerged in vitro adherent cell culture systems using UV-VIS-near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is provided here. Two types of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), Mitsui-7 and Nanocyl, which are dispersed in protein rich cell culture media, are studied as tested materials. Post 48 h of CNT incubation, the cellular fractions are subjected to microwave-assisted acid digestion/oxidation treatment, which eliminates biological matrix interference and improves CNT colloidal stability. The retrieved oxidized CNTs are analyzed and quantified using UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. In vitro imaging and quantification data in the presence of human lung epithelial cells (A549) confirm that up to 85% of Mitsui-7 and 48% for Nanocyl sediment interact (either through internalization or adherence) with cells during the 48 h of incubation. This finding is further confirmed using a sedimentation approach to estimate the delivered dose by measuring the depletion profile of the CNTs.
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Li B, Lane LA. Probing the biological obstacles of nanomedicine with gold nanoparticles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1542. [PMID: 30084539 PMCID: PMC6585966 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite massive growth in nanomedicine research to date, the field still lacks fundamental understanding of how certain physical and chemical features of a nanoparticle affect its ability to overcome biological obstacles in vivo and reach its intended target. To gain fundamental understanding of how physical and chemical parameters affect the biological outcomes of administered nanoparticles, model systems that can systematically manipulate a single parameter with minimal influence on others are needed. Gold nanoparticles are particularly good model systems in this case as one can synthetically control the physical dimensions and surface chemistry of the particles independently and with great precision. Additionally, the chemical and physical properties of gold allow particles to be detected and quantified in tissues and cells with high sensitivity. Through systematic biological studies using gold nanoparticles, insights toward rationally designed nanomedicine for in vivo imaging and therapy can be obtained. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Lucas A. Lane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Farahani S, Riyahi Alam N, Haghgoo S, Khoobi M, Geraily G, Gorji E. Dosimetry and Radioenhancement Comparison of Gold Nanoparticles in Kilovoltage and Megavoltage Radiotherapy using MAGAT Polymer Gel Dosimeter. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:199-210. [PMID: 31214525 PMCID: PMC6538906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous unique characteristics of the nanosized gold, including high atomic number, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility make it one of the most appropriate nanostructures to boost radiotherapy efficacy. Many in-vivo and in-vitro investigations have indicated that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can significantly increase tumor injuries in low kilovoltage radiotherapy. While deep-lying tumors require much higher energy levels with greater penetration power, and investigations carried out in megavoltage energy range show contradictory results. OBJECTIVE In this study, we quantitatively assess and compare dose enhancement factors (DEFs) obtained through AuNPs under radiation of Cobalt-60 source (1.25MeV) versus Iridium-192 source (380 KeV) using MAGAT gel dosimeter. MATERIAL AND METHODS MAGAT polymer gel in both pure and combined with 0.2 mM AuNPs was synthesized. In order to quantify the effect of energy on DEF, irradiation was carried out by Co-60 external radiotherapy and Ir-192 internal radiotherapy. Finally, readings of irradiated and non-irradiated gels were performed by MR imaging. RESULTS The radiation-induced R2 (1/T2) changes of the gel tubes doped with AuNPs compared to control samples, upon irradiation of beams released by Ir-192 source showed a significant dose enhancement (15.31% ±0.30) relative to the Co-60 external radiotherapy (5.85% ±0.14). CONCLUSION This preliminary study suggests the feasibility of using AuNPs in radiation therapy (RT), especially in low-energy sources of brachytherapy. In addition, MAGAT polymer gel, as a powerful dosimeter, could be used for 3D visualization of radiation dose distribution of AuNPs in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Farahani
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N. Riyahi Alam
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Haghgoo
- Pharmaceutical Department, Food & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food & Drug Organization (FDO), Tehran, Iran.
| | - M. Khoobi
- Nanobiomaterials Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141761411, Iran
,Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gh. Geraily
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E. Gorji
- Pharmaceutical Department, Food & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food & Drug Organization (FDO), Tehran, Iran.
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Nanoparticle Behaviour in Complex Media: Methods for Characterizing Physicochemical Properties, Evaluating Protein Corona Formation, and Implications for Biological Studies. BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO NANOSCALE PARTICLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12461-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Noh GJ, Park H, Lee ES. Augmented tumor accumulation and photothermal ablation using gold nanoparticles with a particular cellular entry orientation. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911518809112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles with various functionalities have served as potential tools in nanotechnology for tumor ablation. In this work, we seek to design and develop gold nanoparticle with poly(ethylene glycol)-containing dopamine (hereafter termed as AuND), and to synthesize the AuND with one-sided Tat peptide expression (OT@AuND). We demonstrate the tumor cell-targeting ability on the basis of anti-nonspecific cell binding of OT@AuND and determine how the chemically modified gold nanoparticle–based product affects photothermal tumor therapy in vitro and in vivo. The OT@AuND with a particular cellular entry orientation–induced delayed endocytosis, which is advantageous for enhanced permeability and retention effect-based tumor accumulation. This is because the slower cellular interaction of OT@AuND allows it to have the time to be transported to and bind to the tumor site. In tumor cell lines, OT@AuND showed a lower cellular uptake than gold nanoparticles with full-sided Tat peptide expression (FT@AuND) in the early period (after its in vitro and in vivo administration), but the cellular internalization rate of OT@AuND caught up with that of FT@AuND in the late period. Importantly, the delayed cellular internalization feature of OT@AuND resulted in efficient tumor accumulation in tumor-bearing mice, because the time interval provided OT@AuND more chances not to bind to any cells, but to enter tumor cells, leading to selective photothermal tumor ablation. These data suggest that gold nanoparticles with a particular cellular entry orientation can be further explored as a potential photothermal therapeutic agent and as a strategy to treat tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Jin Noh
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongsuk Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Republic of Korea
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9
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Combination cancer treatment through photothermally controlled release of selenous acid from gold nanocages. Biomaterials 2018; 178:517-526. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Peter B, Lagzi I, Teraji S, Nakanishi H, Cervenak L, Zámbó D, Deák A, Molnár K, Truszka M, Szekacs I, Horvath R. Interaction of Positively Charged Gold Nanoparticles with Cancer Cells Monitored by an in Situ Label-Free Optical Biosensor and Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26841-26850. [PMID: 30022664 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) can penetrate into living cells and vesicles, opening up an extensive range of novel directions. For example, NPs are intensively employed in targeted drug delivery and biomedical imaging. However, the real-time kinetics and dynamics of NP-living cell interactions remained uncovered. In this study, we in situ monitored the cellular uptake of gold NPs-functionalized with positively charged alkaline thiol-into surface-adhered cancer cells, by using a high-throughput label-free optical biosensor employing resonant waveguide gratings. The characteristic kinetic curves upon NP exposure of cell-coated biosensor surfaces were recorded and compared to the kinetics of NP adsorption onto bare sensor surfaces. We demonstrated that from the above kinetic information, one can conclude about the interactions between the living cells and the NPs. Real-time biosensor data suggested the cellular uptake of the functionalized NPs by an active process. It was found that positively charged particles penetrate into the cells more effectively than negatively charged control particles, and the optimal size for the cellular uptake of the positively charged particles is around 5 nm. These conclusions were obtained in a cost-effective, fast, and high-throughput manner. The fate of the NPs was further revealed by electron microscopy on NP-exposed and subsequently fixed cells, well confirming the results obtained by the biosensor. Moreover, an ultrastructural study demonstrated the involvement of the endosomal-lysosomal system in the uptake of functionalized NPs and suggested the type of the internalization pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Istvan Lagzi
- Department of Physics , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8 , Budapest H-1111 , Hungary
- MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group , Budafoki út 8 , Budapest H-1111 , Hungary
| | - Satoshi Teraji
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki , Kyoto 606-8585 , Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki , Kyoto 606-8585 , Japan
| | - Laszlo Cervenak
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Medicine , Semmelweis University , H-1085 Budapest , Hungary
- Research Group of Immunology and Hematology , Hungarian Academy of Science , Kútvölgyi út 4. , H-1125 Budapest , Hungary
| | | | | | - Kinga Molnár
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology , Eötvös Loránd University , Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Monika Truszka
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology , Eötvös Loránd University , Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
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Koo M, Oh KT, Noh G, Lee ES. Gold Nanoparticles Bearing a Tumor pH-Sensitive Cyclodextrin Cap. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:24450-24458. [PMID: 29963860 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report functional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a pH-sensitive γ-cyclodextrin (CD) cap. These particles include two chargeable CD molecules on their surface. CD with dopamine and amine (NH2) groups (hereafter termed as dCD-NH2) was anchored to the gold surface and then electrostatically complexed with the CD with 2,3-dimethylmaleic acid (DMA) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) (hereafter termed as cCD-DMA), producing an ionic complex consisting of dCD-NH2 and cCD-DMA. Under the acidic environment (pH 6.8) existing in most solid tumors, the ionic complex was destabilized because of the decoupling of DMA, resulting in the release of cCD (without DMA) from the AuNPs, resulting in extensive tumoral uptake of AuNPs with dCD-NH2 (because of their electrostatic attraction to tumor cells). This event resulted in a significant increase in the efficiency of cellular AuNP uptake and light-driven (AuNP-mediated photothermal and Ce6-mediated photodynamic) ablation of acidic solid tumors, suggesting marked potential for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Koo
- Department of Biotechnology , The Catholic University of Korea , 43 Jibong-ro , Bucheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 14662 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- College of Pharmacy , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangjin Noh
- Department of Biotechnology , The Catholic University of Korea , 43 Jibong-ro , Bucheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 14662 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology , The Catholic University of Korea , 43 Jibong-ro , Bucheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 14662 , Republic of Korea
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Yeo ELL, Thong PSP, Soo KC, Kah JCY. Protein corona in drug delivery for multimodal cancer therapy in vivo. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:2461-2472. [PMID: 29336463 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08509e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The protein corona is inevitably formed on nanoparticles (NPs) when they are introduced in vivo and has been associated with a reduction in targeting yield, immune recognition and rapid blood clearance, leading to poor tumor accumulation. We have recently shown that it is possible to exploit the protein corona for drug delivery by exploiting it for loading and triggering the release of a photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) for simultaneous photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) in vitro. Here, we extended our previous in vitro studies to evaluate its effectiveness in vivo. Specifically, we pre-formed the protein corona from mouse serum (MS) around gold nanorods (NRs) and loaded it with Ce6 to form NR-MS-Ce6. The intravenous delivery of NR-MS-Ce6 at a dose of 10 mg kg-1 Au loaded with 9.63 μg kg-1 Ce6 into tumor-bearing NCr nude mice resulted in their tumor accumulation reaching a peak concentration of 560.3 μg Au per kg tissue (0.0752% dose) within 6 h post-injection. Subsequent localized laser irradiation of the xenograft tumor resulted in a significant tumor temperature increase of 16.85 °C within 20 min. Combined with the simultaneous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by Ce6 for PDT, complete tumor regression was achieved within 19 days with no tumor regrowth up to 31 days. Similar to other NPs, significant gold accumulation was observed in the major reticuloendothelial system (RES) organs, particularly the liver and spleen, although no acute toxicity was observed histologically 31 days post-treatment. Our results demonstrated for the first time an in vivo application of the protein corona around NPs in the loading and delivery of drugs in small animals. The ease of drug loading and the biocompatibility of the endogenous serum-based protein corona could make it useful for drug delivery and therapeutic applications instead of merely being considered as a biological artefact to be eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Blk E4, #04-08, Singapore 117583.
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Toraskar S, Gade M, Sangabathuni S, Thulasiram HV, Kikkeri R. Exploring the Influence of Shapes and Heterogeneity of Glyco-Gold Nanoparticles on Bacterial Binding for Preventing Infections. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1116-1124. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Toraskar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road; Pune 411008 India
| | - Madhuri Gade
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road; Pune 411008 India
| | - Sivakoti Sangabathuni
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road; Pune 411008 India
| | - Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram
- Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road; Pune 411008 India
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Sangabathuni S, Murthy RV, Chaudhary PM, Subramani B, Toraskar S, Kikkeri R. Mapping the Glyco-Gold Nanoparticles of Different Shapes Toxicity, Biodistribution and Sequestration in Adult Zebrafish. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4239. [PMID: 28652584 PMCID: PMC5484690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyconanotechnology offers a broad range of applications across basic and translation research. Despite the tremendous progress in glyco-nanomaterials, there is still a huge gap between the basic research and therapeutic applications of these molecules. It has been reported that complexity and the synthetic challenges in glycans synthesis, the cost of the high order in vivo models and large amount of sample consumptions limited the effort to translate the glyco-nanomaterials into clinical applications. In this regards, several promising simple animal models for preliminary, quick analysis of the nanomaterials activities has been proposed. Herein, we have studied a systematic evaluation of the toxicity, biodistribution of fluorescently tagged PEG and mannose-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of three different shapes (sphere, rod, and star) in the adult zebrafish model, which could accelerate and provide preliminary results for further experiments in the higher order animal system. ICP-MS analysis and confocal images of various zebrafish organs revealed that rod-AuNPs exhibited the fast uptake. While, star-AuNPs displayed prolong sequestration, demonstrating its potential therapeutic efficacy in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakoti Sangabathuni
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | | | | | - Balamurugan Subramani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Suraj Toraskar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
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Ali MRK, Wu Y, Ghosh D, Do BH, Chen K, Dawson MR, Fang N, Sulchek TA, El-Sayed MA. Nuclear Membrane-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles Inhibit Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3716-3726. [PMID: 28333438 PMCID: PMC5519406 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b08345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Most cancer patients die from metastasis. Recent studies have shown that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can slow down the migration/invasion speed of cancer cells and suppress metastasis. Since nuclear stiffness of the cell largely decreases cell migration, our hypothesis is that targeting AuNPs to the cell nucleus region could enhance nuclear stiffness, and therefore inhibit cell migration and invasion. Our results showed that upon nuclear targeting of AuNPs, the ovarian cancer cell motilities decrease significantly, compared with nontargeted AuNPs. Furthermore, using atomic force microscopy, we observed an enhanced cell nuclear stiffness. In order to understand the mechanism of cancer cell migration/invasion inhibition, the exact locations of the targeted AuNPs were clearly imaged using a high-resolution three-dimensional imaging microscope, which showed that the AuNPs were trapped at the nuclear membrane. In addition, we observed a greatly increased expression level of lamin A/C protein, which is located in the inner nuclear membrane and functions as a structural component of the nuclear lamina to enhance nuclear stiffness. We propose that the AuNPs that are trapped at the nuclear membrane both (1) add to the mechanical stiffness of the nucleus and (2) stimulate the overexpression of lamin A/C located around the nuclear membrane, thus increasing nuclear stiffness and slowing cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa R. K. Ali
- Laser Dynamics Lab (LDL), School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Yue Wu
- Laser Dynamics Lab (LDL), School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Deepraj Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Brian H. Do
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Kuangcai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3965, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Michelle R. Dawson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Ning Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3965, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
- Corresponding Authors: , ,
| | - Todd A. Sulchek
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Corresponding Authors: , ,
| | - Mostafa A. El-Sayed
- Laser Dynamics Lab (LDL), School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Corresponding Authors: , ,
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16
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Rischitor G, Parracino M, La Spina R, Urbán P, Ojea-Jiménez I, Bellido E, Valsesia A, Gioria S, Capomaccio R, Kinsner-Ovaskainen A, Gilliland D, Rossi F, Colpo P. Quantification of the cellular dose and characterization of nanoparticle transport during in vitro testing. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:47. [PMID: 27557953 PMCID: PMC4995798 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The constant increase of the use of nanomaterials in consumer products is making increasingly urgent that standardized and reliable in vitro test methods for toxicity screening be made available to the scientific community. For this purpose, the determination of the cellular dose, i.e. the amount of nanomaterials effectively in contact with the cells is fundamental for a trustworthy determination of nanomaterial dose responses. This has often been overlooked in the literature making it difficult to undertake a comparison of datasets from different studies. Characterization of the mechanisms involved in nanomaterial transport and the determination of the cellular dose is essential for the development of predictive numerical models and reliable in vitro screening methods. RESULTS This work aims to relate key physico-chemical properties of gold nanoparticles (NPs) to the kinetics of their deposition on the cellular monolayer. Firstly, an extensive characterization of NPs in complete culture cell medium was performed to determine the diameter and the apparent mass density of the formed NP-serum protein complexes. Subsequently, the kinetics of deposition were studied by UV-vis absorbance measurements in the presence or absence of cells. The fraction of NPs deposited on the cellular layer was found to be highly dependent on NP size and apparent density because these two parameters influence the NP transport. The NP deposition occurred in two phases: phase 1, which consists of cellular uptake driven by the NP-cell affinity, and phase 2 consisting mainly of NP deposition onto the cellular membrane. CONCLUSION The fraction of deposited NPs is very different from the initial concentration applied in the in vitro assay, and is highly dependent of the size and density of the NPs, on the associated transport rate and on the exposure duration. This study shows that an accurate characterization is needed and suitable experimental conditions such as initial concentration of NPs and liquid height in the wells has to be considered since they strongly influence the cellular dose and the nature of interactions of NPs with the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigore Rischitor
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | | | - Rita La Spina
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Patrizia Urbán
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Isaac Ojea-Jiménez
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Elena Bellido
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Andrea Valsesia
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Sabrina Gioria
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Robin Capomaccio
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Agnieszka Kinsner-Ovaskainen
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Douglas Gilliland
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - François Rossi
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Pascal Colpo
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer and Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
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17
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Chaudhary PM, Sangabathuni S, Murthy RV, Paul A, Thulasiram HV, Kikkeri R. Assessing the effect of different shapes of glyco-gold nanoparticles on bacterial adhesion and infections. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:15669-72. [PMID: 26359971 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05238f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Achieving selective and sensitive carbohydrate-protein interactions (CPIs) using nanotechnology is an intriguing area of research. Here we demonstrate that the different shapes of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with monosaccharides tune the bacterial aggregations. The mechanism of aggregation revealed that the large number of surface interactions of rod shaped mannose-AuNPs with E. coli ORN 178 compared with spherical and star-shaped AuNPs exhibited higher avidity and sensitivity. Moreover, such sensitive binding can be used for effective inhibition of bacterial infection of cells.
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18
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Alkilany AM, Mahmoud NN, Hashemi F, Hajipour MJ, Farvadi F, Mahmoudi M. Misinterpretation in Nanotoxicology: A Personal Perspective. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:943-8. [PMID: 27249426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As an emerging field, nanotoxicology is gaining significant interest from scientists as well as from international regulatory firms in an attempt to build accumulated knowledge on this topic, which will be the basis for regulatory codes and safer nanotechnology. However, conflicting results and findings are abundant in the literature calling for more careful experimental design, result interpretation, and detailed reporting. In this perspective, we focus on misinterpretation in nanotoxicology and highlight the importance of proper experimental practice to avoid artifacts by discussing various examples from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaldin M Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Nouf N Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Fatemeh Hashemi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad J Hajipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences , Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fakhrosadat Farvadi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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19
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Zhou Q, Wang L, Wang H, Wang X, Zhan L. A simple aptamer-functionalized gold nanorods based biosensor for the sensitive detection of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3959-61. [PMID: 26882343 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01014h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a novel approach for the rapid diagnosis of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells with a detection limit of 100 cells mL(-1). In our strategy, the MCF-7 cells are specially recognized by mucin 1 protein (MUC-1) aptamer-functionalized gold nanorods (GNRs) through specific interactions, whose signals are simply read out by its unique localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Supply Technologies, Beijing 100850, China.
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20
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Alhalili Z, Figueroa D, Johnston MR, Shapter J, Sanderson B. Effect of Modification Protocols on the Effectiveness of Gold Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Killing of Breast Cancer Cells. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the delivery of Taxol to breast cancer cells (T47D) using an in vitro cell culture model. For this study, new loading approaches and novel chemical attachments were investigated. Five different gold nanoparticle-based complexes were used to determine their cytotoxicity towards T47D cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay. There was no significant decrease (P > 0.05) in cell viability when T47D cells were treated with AuNPs that did not contain Taxol. However, cells were significantly killed by gold nanoparticles chemically conjugated to Taxol using three different approaches and one novel hybrid AuNP-Taxol nanoparticle, wherein no chemical bonds were involved. These Taxol-loaded AuNPs were more effective at inducing cell death in vitro than a solution of free Taxol used to treat cells. This result demonstrated that Taxol could be released from the particles in the cell culture media for subsequent therapeutic action. Additionally, the experiments proved that the Taxol-loaded AuNPs were more toxic in a dose dependent manner than Taxol as a formulation for the treatment of breast cancer cells. The results of this study suggest that gold nanoparticles have potential for the efficient delivery of Taxol to breast cancer cells. This could provide a future solution as an alternative application method to overcome adverse side effects resulting from current high-dose treatment regimes.
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21
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Male D, Gromnicova R, McQuaid C. Gold Nanoparticles for Imaging and Drug Transport to the CNS. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 130:155-98. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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22
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Shahdordizadeh M, Yazdian-Robati R, Ramezani M, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM. Aptamer application in targeted delivery systems for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:7766-7778. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we present the recent progress of aptamer application in targeted delivery systems for imaging and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Shahdordizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- The
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Bo Pang
- The
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Younan Xia
- The
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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24
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Guerrero AR, Hassan N, Escobar CA, Albericio F, Kogan MJ, Araya E. Gold nanoparticles for photothermally controlled drug release. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 9:2023-39. [PMID: 25343351 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we describe how nanoparticles work in photothermally triggered drug delivery, starting with a description of the plasmon resonance and the photothermal effect, and how this is used to release a drug. Then, we describe the four major functionalization strategies and each of their different applications. Finally, we discuss the biodistribution and toxicity of these systems and the necessary requirements for the use of gold nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlling drug release through the photothermal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel R Guerrero
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Wurster EC, Liebl R, Michaelis S, Robelek R, Wastl DS, Giessibl FJ, Goepferich A, Breunig M. Oligolayer-coated nanoparticles: impact of surface topography at the nanobio interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7891-900. [PMID: 25815610 DOI: 10.1021/am508435j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer coating of nanoparticles with a layer number in the single-digit range has gained increasing attention in the field of nanomedicinal research. However, the impact of using various polyelectrolytes on oligolayer formation and, more importantly, their influence on the interaction with the biological system has not often been considered in the past. Hence, we investigated the polyelectrolyte deposition profiles and resulting surface topographies of up to three polyelectrolyte layers on a flat gold sensor surface using three different polycations, namely, poly(ethylene imine) (PEI), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), and poly(diallylammonium chloride) (PD), each in combination with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS). Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that the PEI/PSS pair in particular showed a so-called overshoot phenomenon, which is associated with partial polyelectrolyte desorption from the surface. This is also reflected by a significant increase in the surface roughness. Then, after having transferred the oligolayer assembly onto nanoparticles of ∼32 nm, we realized that quite similar surface topographies must have emerged on a curved gold surface. A major finding was that the extent of surface roughness contributes significantly to the fashion by which the oligolayer-coated nanoparticles interact with serum proteins and associate with cells. For example, for the PEI/PSS system, both the surface roughness and protein adsorption increased by a factor of ∼12 from the second to third coating layer and, at the same time, the cell association massively decreased to only one-third. Our study shows that surface roughness, along with other particle properties such as size, shape, zeta potential, and hydrophobicity, is another decisive factor for nanoparticles in a biological context, which has indeed been discussed previously but has not to date been investigated for oligolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Christina Wurster
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Renate Liebl
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Michaelis
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Robelek
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel S Wastl
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franz J Giessibl
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- †Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, ‡Department for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensors, and ∥Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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26
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Liao J, Li W, Peng J, Yang Q, Li H, Wei Y, Zhang X, Qian Z. Combined cancer photothermal-chemotherapy based on doxorubicin/gold nanorod-loaded polymersomes. Theranostics 2015; 5:345-56. [PMID: 25699095 PMCID: PMC4329499 DOI: 10.7150/thno.10731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) are well known in photothermal therapy based on near-infrared (NIR) laser absorption of the longitudinal plasmon band. Herein, we developed an effective stimulus system -- GNRs and doxorubicin co-loaded polymersomes (P-GNRs-DOX) -- to facilitate co-therapy of photothermal and chemotherapy. DOX can be triggered to release once the polymersomes are corrupted under local hyperthermic condition of GNRs induced by NIR laser irradiation. Also, the cytotoxicity of GNRs caused by the residual cetyltrimethylacmmonium bromide (CTAB) was reduced by shielding the polymersomes. The GNRs-loaded polymersomes (P-GNRs) can be efficiently taken up by the tumor cells. The distribution of the nanomaterial was imaged by IR-820 and quantitatively analyzed by ICP-AES. We studied the ablation of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, and found that co-therapy offers significantly improved therapeutic efficacy (tumors were eliminated without regrowth.) compared with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone. By TUNEL immunofluorescent staining of tumors after NIR laser irradiation, we found that the co-therapy showed more apoptotic tumor cells than the other groups. Furthermore, the toxicity study by pathologic examination of the heart tissues demonstrated a lower systematic toxicity of P-GNRs-DOX than free DOX. Thus, the chemo-photothermal treatment based on polymersomes loaded with DOX and GNRs is a useful strategy for maximizing the therapeutic efficacy and minimizing the dosage-related side effects in the treatment of solid tumors.
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27
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Dai J, Li Q, Liu W, Lin S, Hao Y, Zhang C, Shuai X. Synthesis and characterization of cell-microenvironment-sensitive leakage-free gold-shell nanoparticles with the template of interlayer-crosslinked micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9682-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel pH-GSNPs exhibit drug leakage-free behavior in a physiological environment, while achieving rapid drug release and remarkable nanogold interlayer aggregation in the intracellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dai
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Wenya Liu
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Shudong Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Hao
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
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28
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He XC, Lin M, Li F, Sha BY, Xu F, Qu ZG, Wang L. Advances in studies of nanoparticle–biomembrane interactions. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:121-41. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely applied in nanomedicine and diagnostics based on the interactions between NPs and the basic barrier (biomembrane). Understanding the underlying mechanism of these interactions is important for enhancing their beneficial effects and avoiding potential nanotoxicity. Experimental, mathematical and numerical modeling techniques are involved in this field. This article reviews the state-of-the-art techniques in studies of NP–biomembrane interactions with a focus on each technology's advantages and disadvantages. The aim is to better understand the mechanism of NP–biomembrane interactions and provide significant guidance for various fields, such as nanomedicine and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cong He
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Lin
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science & Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Bao Yong Sha
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science & Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Zhi Guo Qu
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science & Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
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29
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Lee UY, Youn YS, Park J, Lee ES. Y-shaped ligand-driven gold nanoparticles for highly efficient tumoral uptake and photothermal ablation. ACS NANO 2014; 8:12858-12865. [PMID: 25453897 DOI: 10.1021/nn506411q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report functional gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with antibody-like ligands. These particles consist of Y-shaped ligands and AuNP. Transferrin (Tf) and Tat peptide were linked to each head of a Y-shaped poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-containing dopamine at one tail site. Also, Y-shaped ligands (with Tf and Tat peptide) were anchored to the surface of the AuNP as the result of noncovalent conjugation of dopamine and the AuNP. Interestingly, the partial shielding of Tat peptides by large Tf molecules rather improved Tf-mediated endocytosis of the AuNP, while minimizing the natural nonspecific cell interaction of Tat peptides. This system resulted in highly improved in vitro/in vivo tumor-selective uptake over AuNP bearing a single ligand (Tf or Tat peptides). Furthermore, this system resulted in significant enhancement of in vivo photothermal tumor cell ablation under light-irradiation conditions for AuNP. We believe that this design is a promising method to easily modify conventional antibodies or ligands to improve their disease-recognition ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ung Yeol Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea , 43-1 Yeokgok 2-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, Republic of Korea
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30
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Kondath S, Srinivas Raghavan B, Anantanarayanan R, Rajaram R. Synthesis and characterisation of morin reduced gold nanoparticles and its cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 224:78-88. [PMID: 25446498 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There is significant interest in investigating the therapeutic potential of phytochemical reduced and bound gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as it bridges the gap between nanotechnology and therapy. In the present study, AuNPs prepared using the flavonoid morin (mAuNPs) are characterised and have been studied for their anti-cancer effects. The -OH groups of morin reduce Au(3+) and stabilize Au(0) to form spherical and crystalline mAuNPs. These mAuNPs are biocompatible towards normal human blood cells and breast epithelial cells. Through TEM analysis, we report that they are readily taken up by breast cancer cells (MCF-7) to induce cell death. Apoptosis has also been assessed by other morphological observations and cell viability studies. Flow cytometric studies reveal that the cells undergo a transient phase of apoptosis progressing towards secondary necrosis as the dose and time of mAuNPs treatment increases. The ability of mAuNPs to induce cell death in MCF-7 cells indicates its potential as an anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Kondath
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Rama Rajaram
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, India.
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Dykman LA, Khlebtsov NG. Uptake of engineered gold nanoparticles into mammalian cells. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1258-88. [PMID: 24279480 DOI: 10.1021/cr300441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lev A Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
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Hou Y, Lai M, Chen X, Li J, Hu Y, Luo Z, Ding X, Cai K. Effects of mesoporous SiO2, Fe3O4, and TiO2nanoparticles on the biological functions of endothelial cellsin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:1726-36. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
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Alkilany AM, Lohse SE, Murphy CJ. The gold standard: gold nanoparticle libraries to understand the nano-bio interface. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:650-61. [PMID: 22732239 DOI: 10.1021/ar300015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, researchers have prepared inorganic nanoparticles of many types--including elemental metals, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal selenides, and metal tellurides--with excellent control over size and shape. Originally many researchers were primarily interested in exploring the quantum size effects predicted for such materials. Applications of inorganic nanomaterials initially centered on physics, optics, and engineering but have expanded to include biology. Many current nanomaterials can serve as biochemical sensors, contrast agents in cellular or tissue imaging, drug delivery vehicles, or even as therapeutics. In this Account we emphasize that the understanding of how nanomaterials will function in a biological system relies on the knowledge of the interface between biological systems and nanomaterials, the nano-bio interface. Gold nanoparticles can serve as excellent standards to understand more general features of the nano-bio interface because of its many advantages over other inorganic materials. The bulk material is chemically inert, and well-established synthetic methods allow researchers to control its size, shape, and surface chemistry. Gold's background concentration in biological systems is low, which makes it relatively easy to measure it at the part-per-billion level or lower in water. In addition, the large electron density of gold enables relatively simple electron microscopic experiments to localize it within thin sections of cells or tissue. Finally, gold's brilliant optical properties at the nanoscale are tunable with size, shape, and aggregation state and enable many of the promising chemical sensing, imaging, and therapeutic applications. Basic experiments with gold nanoparticles and cells include measuring the toxicity of the particles to cells in in vitro experiments. The species other than gold in the nanoparticle solution can be responsible for the apparent toxicity at a particular dose. Once the identity of the toxic agent in nanoparticle solutions is known, researchers can employ strategies to mitigate toxicity. For example, the surfactant used at high concentration in the synthesis (0.1 M) of gold nanorods remains on their surface in the form of a bilayer and can be toxic to certain cells at 200 nM concentrations. Several strategies can alleviate the toxic response. Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer wrapping can cover up the surfactant bilayer, or researchers can exchange the surfactant with chemically similar molecules. Researchers can also replace the surfactant with a biocompatible thiol or use a polymerizable surfactant that can be "stitched" onto the nanorods and reduce its lability. In all these cases, however, proteins or other molecules from the cellular media cover the engineered surface of the nanoparticles, which can drastically change the charges and functional groups on the nanoparticle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaldin M. Alkilany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Samuel E. Lohse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Catherine J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana Illinois 61801, United States
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Fabrication of novel niclosamide-suspension using an electrospray system to improve its therapeutic effects in ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cheng X, Zhang W, Ji Y, Meng J, Guo H, Liu J, Wu X, Xu H. Revealing silver cytotoxicity using Au nanorods/Ag shell nanostructures: disrupting cell membrane and causing apoptosis through oxidative damage. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra23131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Cho EC, Zhang Y, Cai X, Moran CM, Wang LV, Xia Y. Quantitative analysis of the fate of gold nanocages in vitro and in vivo after uptake by U87-MG tumor cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1152-5. [PMID: 23225223 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chul Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Cho EC, Zhang Y, Cai X, Moran CM, Wang LV, Xia Y. Quantitative Analysis of the Fate of Gold Nanocages In Vitro and In Vivo after Uptake by U87-MG Tumor Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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38
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Huang H, Liu F, Huang S, Yuan S, Liao B, Yi S, Zeng Y, Chu PK. Sensitive and simultaneous detection of different disease markers using multiplexed gold nanorods. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 755:108-14. [PMID: 23146401 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A multiplexed bioanalytical assay is produced by incorporating two types of gold nanorods (GNRs). Besides retaining the desirable features of common GNRs LSPR sensors, this sensor is easy to fabricate and requires only a visible-NIR spectrometer for detection. This assay can simultaneously detect different acceptor-ligand pairs by choosing the proper GNRs possessing various LPWs in a wide detection wavelength range and can be developed into a high-throughput detection method. This bioanalytical assay allows easy detection of human serum specimens infected by S. japonicum and tuberculosis (TB) from human serum specimens (human serum/Tris-HCl buffer ratio=1:10(4)) without the need for sample pretreatment. The technique is very sensitive compared to other standard methods such as indirect hemagglutination assays (IHA) that require a serum concentration ratio of larger than 1:20 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) requiring a ratio larger than 1:100. This methodology can be readily extended to other immunoassays to realize wider diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China.
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Zhang W, Ji Y, Meng J, Wu X, Xu H. Probing the behaviors of gold nanorods in metastatic breast cancer cells based on UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31957. [PMID: 22384113 PMCID: PMC3284533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, behaviors of positively-charged AuNRs in a highly metastatic tumor cell line MDA-MB-231 are examined based on UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dark-field microscopic observation. It is found that characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks of AuNRs can be detected using spectroscopic method within living cells that have taken up AuNRs. The peak area of transverse SPR band is shown to be proportionally related to the amount of AuNRs in the cells determined with ICP-MS, which suggests a facile and real time quantification method for AuNRs in living cells. The shape of longitudinal SPR band in UV-vis-NIR spectrum reflects the aggregation state of AuNRs in the cells during the incubation period, which is proved by TEM and microscopic observations. Experimental results reveal that AuNRs are internalized by the cells rapidly; the accumulation, distribution and aggregation of AuNRs in the cells compartments are time and dose dependent. The established spectroscopic analysis method can not only monitor the behaviors of AuNRs in living cells but may also be helpful in choosing the optimum laser stimulation wavelength for anti-tumor thermotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglu Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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40
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Yang SC, Shen YC, Lu TC, Yang TL, Huang JJ. Tumor detection strategy using ZnO light-emitting nanoprobes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:055202. [PMID: 22238275 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/5/055202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods of detecting cancer cells, such as fluorescence, have their limits and can hardly be used for identification during tumor resection. Here we report an alternative tumor detection technology using ZnO nanorods bonded to antibodies as cancer cell probes. Our experiment shows that antibodies toward epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can be connected to ZnO nanorods and to EGFR receptors of SCC (squamous cell carcinoma). The cancer cell can be recognized by the naked eye or an optical microscope with the help of purple light emission from ZnO/EGFR antibody probes. On the other hand, for cells with less EGFR expression, in our case Hs68, no purple light was observed as the probes were washed off. From the photoluminescent spectra, the peak intensity ratio between the purple light (from ZnO at the wavelength 377 nm) and the green band (from the autofluorescence of cells) is much higher with the presence in SCC, as compared with Hs68. The ZnO/EGFR antibody probes have the potential to be applied to surgery for real-time tumor cell identification. The cancer cells will be excised with the help of purple light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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41
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Chen LJ, Shah SS, Silangcruz J, Eller MJ, Verkhoturov SV, Revzin A, Schweikert EA. Characterization and Quantification of Nanoparticle-Antibody Conjugates on Cells Using C(60) ToF SIMS in the Event-By-Event Bombardment/Detection Mode. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 303:97-102. [PMID: 21691427 PMCID: PMC3117593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cluster C(60) ToF-SIMS (time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry) operated in the event-by-event bombardment-detection method has been applied to: a) quantify the binding density of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)-antiCD4 conjugates on the cell surface; b) identify the binding sites between AuNPs and antibody. Briefly, our method consists of recording the secondary ions, SIs, individually emitted from a single C(60) (1,2+) impact. From the cumulative mass spectral data we selected events where a specific SI was detected. The selected records revealed the SIs co-ejected from the nanovolume impacted by an individual C(60) with an emission area of ~ 10nm in diameter as an emission depth of 5-10 nm. The fractional coverage is obtained as the ratio of the effective number of projectile impacts on a specified sampling area (N(e)) to the total number of impacts (N(0)). In the negative ion mass spectrum, the palmitate (C(16)H(31)O(2) (-)) and oletate (C(18)H(33)O(2) (-)) fatty acid ions present signals from lipid membrane of the cells. The signals at m/z 197 (Au(-)) and 223 (AuCN(-)) originate from the AuNPs labeled antibodies (antiCD4) bound to the cell surface antigens. The characteristic amino acid ions validate the presence of antiCD4. A coincidence mass spectrum extracted with ion at m/z 223 (AuCN(-)) reveals the presence of cysteine at m/z 120, documenting the closeness of cysteine and the AuNP. Their proximity suggests that the binding site for AuNP on the antibody is the sulfur-terminal cysteine. The fractional coverage of membrane lipid was determined to be ~23% of the cell surfaces while the AuNPs was found to be ~21%. The novel method can be implemented on smaller size NPs, it should thus be applicable for studies on size dependent binding of NP-antibody conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sunny S. Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jaime Silangcruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael J. Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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42
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Cho EC, Zhang Q, Xia Y. The effect of sedimentation and diffusion on cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 6:385-91. [PMID: 21516092 PMCID: PMC3227810 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2011.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In vitro experiments typically measure the uptake of nanoparticles by exposing cells at the bottom of a culture plate to a suspension of nanoparticles, and it is generally assumed that this suspension is well-dispersed. However, nanoparticles can sediment, which means that the concentration of nanoparticles on the cell surface may be higher than the initial bulk concentration, and this could lead to increased uptake by cells. Here, we use upright and inverted cell culture configurations to show that cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles depends on the sedimentation and diffusion velocities of the nanoparticles and is independent of size, shape, density, surface coating and initial concentration of the nanoparticles. Generally, more nanoparticles are taken up in the upright configuration than in the inverted one, and nanoparticles with faster sedimentation rates showed greater differences in uptake between the two configurations. Our results suggest that sedimentation needs to be considered when performing in vitro studies for large and/or heavy nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Younan Xia
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Y.X.
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43
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Cobley CM, Chen J, Cho EC, Wang LV, Xia Y. Gold nanostructures: a class of multifunctional materials for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 40:44-56. [PMID: 20818451 DOI: 10.1039/b821763g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanostructures have proven to be a versatile platform for a broad range of biomedical applications, with potential use in numerous areas including: diagnostics and sensing, in vitro and in vivo imaging, and therapeutic techniques. These applications are possible because of the highly favorable properties of gold nanostructures, many of which can be tailored for specific applications. In the first part of this tutorial review, we will discuss the most critical properties of gold nanostructures for biomedical applications: surface chemistry, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and morphology. In the second part of the review, we will discuss how these properties can be harnessed for a selection of biomedical applications, aiming to give the reader an overview of general strategies as well as highlight some recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Cobley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Alkilany AM, Murphy CJ. Toxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles: what we have learned so far? JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2010; 12:2313-2333. [PMID: 21170131 PMCID: PMC2988217 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 932] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have attracted enormous scientific and technological interest due to their ease of synthesis, chemical stability, and unique optical properties. Proof-of-concept studies demonstrate their biomedical applications in chemical sensing, biological imaging, drug delivery, and cancer treatment. Knowledge about their potential toxicity and health impact is essential before these nanomaterials can be used in real clinical settings. Furthermore, the underlying interactions of these nanomaterials with physiological fluids is a key feature of understanding their biological impact, and these interactions can perhaps be exploited to mitigate unwanted toxic effects. In this Perspective we discuss recent results that address the toxicity of gold nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo, and we provide some experimental recommendations for future research at the interface of nanotechnology and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaldin M. Alkilany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Catherine J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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