1
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Siebe L, Butenuth C, Stammler A, Bögge H, Walleck S, Glaser T. Generation and Reactivity of μ-1,2-Peroxo Cu IICu II and Bis-μ-oxo Cu IIICu III Species and Catalytic Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol with Hydrogen Peroxide. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2627-2639. [PMID: 38243916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Tetradentate-N4 ligands stabilize dinuclear {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} species, and CuII complexes of these ligands were reported to catalyze the oxidation of benzene with H2O2. Here, we report {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} intermediates of dinucleating bis(tetradentate-N4) ligands depending on the absence or presence of 6-methyl substituents on the terminal pyridine donors, respectively, generated either from {CuICuI} precursors with O2 or from {CuIICuII} precursors with H2O2 and NEt3. Both intermediates are not stable even at low temperatures, but they show no electrophilic HAT reactivity with DHA. Catalytic investigations on the hydroxylation of benzene with excess H2O2 between 30 and 50 °C indicate that both radical-based and {Cu2On}-based mechanisms depend strongly on the catalytic conditions. In the presence of a radical scavenger, TONs of ∼920/∼720 have been achieved without/with the 6-methyl group of the ligand. Although {CuII(μ-OH)CuII} reacts with excess H2O2 at -40 °C to {CuII(OOH)}2 species, these are only stable for seconds at 20 °C and cannot account for catalytic oxidations over a period of 24 h at 30-50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Siebe
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christoph Butenuth
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Kang P, Lin BL, Large TAG, Ainsworth J, Wasinger EC, Stack TDP. Phenolate-bonded bis(μ-oxido)-bis-copper(III) intermediates: hydroxylation and dehalogenation reactivities. Faraday Discuss 2022; 234:86-108. [PMID: 35156114 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous phenolate ortho-hydroxylation by copper oxidants formed from dioxygen is generally thought to occur through one of two limiting mechanisms defined by the structure of the active oxidant: an electrophilic μ-η2:η2-peroxo-bis-copper(II) species as found in the oxygenated form of the binuclear copper enzyme tyrosinase (oxyTyr), or an isomeric bis(μ-oxido)-bis-copper(III) species (O) with ligated phenolate(s) as evidenced by most synthetic systems. The characterization of the latter is limited due to their limited thermal stability. This study expands the scope of an O species with ligated phenolate(s) using N,N'-di-tert-butyl-1,3-propanediamine (DBPD), a flexible secondary diamine ligand. Oxygenation of the [(DBPD)Cu(I)]1+ complex at low temperatures (e.g., 153 K) forms a spectroscopically and structurally faithful model to oxyTyr, a side-on peroxide intermediate, which reacts with added phenolates to form a bis(μ-oxido)-bis-copper(III) species with ligated phenolates, designated as an A species. The proposed stoichiometry of A is best understood as possessing 2 rather than 1 bonded phenolate. Thermal decomposition of A results in regiospecific phenolate ortho-hydroxylation with the ortho-substituent as either a C-H or C-X (Cl, Br) group, though the halogen displacement is significantly slower. DFT and experimental studies support an electrophilic attack of an oxide ligand into the π-system of a ligated phenolate. This study supports a hydroxylation mechanism in which O-O bond cleavage of the initially formed peroxide by phenolate ligation, which precedes phenolate aromatic hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Bo-Lin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Tao A G Large
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jasper Ainsworth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Erik C Wasinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Chico, California 95929, USA.
| | - T Daniel P Stack
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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3
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Liu C, Zhu C, Cai Y, Jiang H. Solvent-Switched Oxidation Selectivities with O 2 : Controlled Synthesis of α-Difluoro(thio)methylated Alcohols and Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12038-12045. [PMID: 33704886 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The solvent-switched hydroxylation and oxygenation of α-difluoro(thio)methylated carbanions with molecular oxygen under mild conditions are reported. This strategy tames the redox reactions of the in situ generated hydroperoxy difluoromethylsulfides, in which solvent-bonding can alter their reactivity and switch the oxidation selectivities. These controllable three-component reactions of gem-difluoroalkenes, thiols and molecular oxygen afford various useful α-difluoro(thio)methylated alcohols and ketones in high yields. Significantly, this protocol has been applied in the synthesis different bioactive molecules. Mechanism studies enable the detection of the hydroperoxy difluoromethylsulfide intermediates and exclude the thiol-based radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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4
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Shao MZ, Liu XY, Li FQ, Chen Z. Synthesis of di- and poly-substituted phenols via [4 + 2] type cyclo-condensation. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Liu C, Zhu C, Cai Y, Jiang H. Solvent‐Switched Oxidation Selectivities with O
2
: Controlled Synthesis of α‐Difluoro(thio)methylated Alcohols and Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
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6
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Dai C, Han Y, Liu L, Huang ZB, Shi DQ, Zhao Y. Palladium-catalyzed ortho-selective C–H hydroxylation of carboxybenzyl-protected benzylamines. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01523j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A convenient approach to synthesize o-hydroxybenzylamine via Pd-catalyzed hydroxylation of benzylamine with a removable Cbz-amide as the directing group was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yi Han
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Lingling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Zhi-Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Da-Qing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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7
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Zhu C, Zeng H, Chen F, Liu C, Jiang H. Copper‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Aryl Amines and Aryldiazonium Salts under Air: Access to
N
‐2‐Aryl‐Naphthotriazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
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8
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Zhu B, Shen T, Huang X, Zhu Y, Song S, Jiao N. Selective Aerobic Oxygenation of Tertiary Allylic Alcohols with Molecular Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11028-11032. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bencong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Tao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yuchao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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9
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Abstract
Metal-oxyl (Mn+-O•) complexes having an oxyl radical ligand, which are electronically equivalent to well-known metal-oxo (M(n+1)+═O) complexes, are surveyed as a new category of metal-based oxidants. Detection and characterization of Mn+-O• species have been made in some cases, although proposals and characterization of the species are mostly done on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reactivity of Mn+-O• complexes will provide a way to achieve potentially difficult oxidative conversion of substrates. This Viewpoint will provide state-of-the-art knowledge on the Mn+-O• species in terms of the formation, characterization, and DFT-based proposals to shed light on the characteristics of the intriguing oxidatively active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan.,Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
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10
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Neira A, Martínez-Alanis PR, Aullón G, Flores-Alamo M, Zerón P, Company A, Chen J, Kasper JB, Browne WR, Nordlander E, Castillo I. Oxidative Cleavage of Cellobiose by Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase (LPMO)-Inspired Copper Complexes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10729-10740. [PMID: 31460171 PMCID: PMC6648734 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The potentially tridentate ligand bis[(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)ethyl]amine (2BB) was employed to prepare copper complexes [(2BB)CuI]OTf and [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2 as bioinspired models of lytic polysaccharide copper-dependent monooxygenase (LPMO) enzymes. Solid-state characterization of [(2BB)CuI]OTf revealed a Cu(I) center with a T-shaped coordination environment and metric parameters in the range of those observed in reduced LPMOs. Solution characterization of [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2 indicates that [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2]2+ is the main species from pH 4 to 7.5; above pH 7.5, the hydroxo-bridged species [{(2BB)CuII(H2O) x }2(μ-OH)2]2+ is also present, on the basis of cyclic voltammetry and mass spectrometry. These observations imply that deprotonation of the central amine of Cu(II)-coordinated 2BB is precluded, and by extension, amine deprotonation in the histidine brace of LPMOs appears unlikely at neutral pH. The complexes [(2BB)CuI]OTf and [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2 act as precursors for the oxidative degradation of cellobiose as a cellulose model substrate. Spectroscopic and reactivity studies indicate that a dicopper(II) side-on peroxide complex generated from [(2BB)CuI]OTf/O2 or [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2/H2O2/NEt3 oxidizes cellobiose both in acetonitrile and aqueous phosphate buffer solutions, as evidenced from product analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mixture of [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2/H2O2/NEt3 results in more extensive cellobiose degradation. Likewise, the use of both [(2BB)CuI]OTf and [(2BB)CuII(H2O)2](OTf)2 with KO2 afforded cellobiose oxidation products. In all cases, a common Cu(II) complex formulated as [(2BB)CuII(OH)(H2O)]+ was detected by mass spectrometry as the final form of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea.
C. Neira
- Instituto
de Química and Facultad de Química, División
de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
| | - Paulina R. Martínez-Alanis
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut
de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Aullón
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut
de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Flores-Alamo
- Instituto
de Química and Facultad de Química, División
de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
| | - Paulino Zerón
- Instituto
de Química and Facultad de Química, División
de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
| | - Anna Company
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan Chen
- Molecular
Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of
Science and Health, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johann B. Kasper
- Molecular
Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of
Science and Health, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wesley R. Browne
- Molecular
Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of
Science and Health, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ebbe Nordlander
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ivan Castillo
- Instituto
de Química and Facultad de Química, División
de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
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11
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Zhu B, Shen T, Huang X, Zhu Y, Song S, Jiao N. Selective Aerobic Oxygenation of Tertiary Allylic Alcohols with Molecular Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bencong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Tao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yuchao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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12
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Presti EL, Perrone ML, Santagostini L, Casella L, Monzani E. A Stereoselective Tyrosinase Model Compound Derived from an m-Xylyl-l-histidine Ligand. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7335-7344. [PMID: 31091087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of mimicking enzyme activity represents an important motivation for the development of new catalysts. A challenging objective is the development of chiral complexes for bioinspired enantioselective oxidation reactions. Herein, we report a new chiral dinuclear copper(II) complex based on a m-xylyl-bis(histidine) ligand (mXHI) as a biomimetic catalyst for tyrosinase and catechol oxidase. The new ligand improves a previous system also containing two tridentate N3 units derived from l-histidine that were connected by a short, rigid ethanediamine bridge. In mXHI the bridge is provided by the more extended m-xylyl moiety. The dicopper(II) complex [Cu2(mXHI)]4+ was studied as a catalyst for stereoselective oxidations of enantiomeric couples of chiral catechols of biological interest (L/D-dopa, L/D-dopa methyl ester, and ( R/ S)-norepinephrine), showing excellent discrimination capability, particularly for the methyl esters of dopa enantiomers. The catechol oxidation was studied in acetate buffer as slightly acidic medium, and a role of acetate as bridging ligand between the two coppers, preorganizing the dinuclear center in a more catalytic efficient structure, could be established. The oxidation of β-naphthol and 3,5-ditertbutylphenol was studied as a model monophenolase reaction. The oxidation proceeds stoichiometrically, and the partial incorporation of 18O into β-naphthol when the reaction was performed using 18O2 suggests the existence of two competitive reaction pathways, a genuine monooxygenase mechanism and a radical pathway. However, the more challenging reaction on derivatives of l-/d-tyrosine did not lead to the desired monooxygenase product but only to products of radical oxidation. Complex [Cu2(mXHI)]4+ was also used for the catalytic sulfoxidation of thioanisole in the presence of hydroxylamine as cosubstrate, in a preliminary attempt to model the reaction of external monooxygenases. The reaction proceeds with 25 turnovers, but the enantiomeric excess of sulfoxide was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Maria L Perrone
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Laura Santagostini
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Milano , Via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
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13
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Trammell R, D'Amore L, Cordova A, Polunin P, Xie N, Siegler MA, Belanzoni P, Swart M, Garcia-Bosch I. Directed Hydroxylation of sp 2 and sp 3 C-H Bonds Using Stoichiometric Amounts of Cu and H 2O 2. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7584-7592. [PMID: 31084018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of copper for C-H bond functionalization, compared to other metals, is relatively unexplored. Herein, we report a synthetic protocol for the regioselective hydroxylation of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds using a directing group, stoichiometric amounts of Cu and H2O2. A wide array of aromatic ketones and aldehydes are oxidized in the carbonyl γ-position with remarkable yields. We also expanded this methodology to hydroxylate the β-position of alkylic ketones. Spectroscopic characterization, kinetics, and density functional theory calculations point toward the involvement of a mononuclear LCuII(OOH) species, which oxidizes the aromatic sp2 C-H bonds via a concerted heterolytic O-O bond cleavage with concomitant electrophilic attack on the arene system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Trammell
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Lorenzo D'Amore
- University of Girona , Campus Montilivi (Ciències), IQCC , 17004 Girona , Spain
| | - Alexandra Cordova
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Pavel Polunin
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Marcel Swart
- University of Girona , Campus Montilivi (Ciències), IQCC , 17004 Girona , Spain.,ICREA , Pg. Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
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14
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Trammell R, Rajabimoghadam K, Garcia-Bosch I. Copper-Promoted Functionalization of Organic Molecules: from Biologically Relevant Cu/O 2 Model Systems to Organometallic Transformations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:2954-3031. [PMID: 30698952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper is one of the most abundant and less toxic transition metals. Nature takes advantage of the bioavailability and rich redox chemistry of Cu to carry out oxygenase and oxidase organic transformations using O2 (or H2O2) as oxidant. Inspired by the reactivity of these Cu-dependent metalloenzymes, chemists have developed synthetic protocols to functionalize organic molecules under enviormentally benign conditions. Copper also promotes other transformations usually catalyzed by 4d and 5d transition metals (Pd, Pt, Rh, etc.) such as nitrene insertions or C-C and C-heteroatom coupling reactions. In this review, we summarized the most relevant research in which copper promotes or catalyzes the functionalization of organic molecules, including biological catalysis, bioinspired model systems, and organometallic reactivity. The reaction mechanisms by which these processes take place are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Trammell
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | | | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
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15
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Zhu C, Liu C, Zeng H, Chen F, Jiang H. Transition-metal free selective C(α)–C(β) bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl ketones with amidines under air: facile access to 5-trifluoromethylated Imidazol-4-ones. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of 5-trifluoromethylated imidazol-4-ones via transition-metal-free selective C(α)–C(β) bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl ketones with amidines under air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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16
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Bete SC, Würtele C, Otte M. A bio-inspired imidazole-functionalised copper cage complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4427-4430. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An endo-functionalized cage is presented that upon copper(i) complexation assembles to a well-defined structural and catalytically active biomimetic model compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Bete
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Göttingen
- Tammannstraße 4
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Göttingen
- Tammannstraße 4
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Matthias Otte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Göttingen
- Tammannstraße 4
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
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17
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Keown W, Large TAG, Chiang L, Wasinger EC, Stack TDP. Exclusive imidazole ligation to CuIII2O 2 and Cu IIICuII2O 2 cores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7390-7393. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02982f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Direct oxygenation of imidazole-ligated Cu(i) generates dinuclear and trinuclear Cu(iii) species with exclusive imidazole ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Keown
- Department of Chemistry
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
| | | | - Linus Chiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Erik C. Wasinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- California State University
- Chico
- USA
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18
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Codolà Z, Gamba I, Acuña-Parés F, Casadevall C, Clémancey M, Latour JM, Luis JM, Lloret-Fillol J, Costas M. Design of Iron Coordination Complexes as Highly Active Homogenous Water Oxidation Catalysts by Deuteration of Oxidation-Sensitive Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:323-333. [PMID: 30497265 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nature of the oxidizing species in water oxidation reactions with chemical oxidants catalyzed by α-[Fe(OTf)2(mcp)] (1α; mcp = N, N'-dimethyl- N, N'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine, OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate anion) and β-[Fe(OTf)2(mcp)] (1β) has been investigated. Mössbauer spectroscopy provides definitive evidence that 1α and 1β generate oxoiron(IV) species as the resting state. Decomposition paths of the catalysts have been investigated by identifying and quantifying ligand fragments that form upon degradation. This analysis correlates the water oxidation activity of 1α and 1β with stability against oxidative damage of the ligand via aliphatic C-H oxidation. The site of degradation and the relative stability against oxidative degradation are shown to be dependent on the topology of the catalyst. Furthermore, the mechanisms of catalyst degradation have been rationalized by computational analyses, which also explain why the topology of the catalyst enforces different oxidation-sensitive sites. This information has served in creating catalysts where sensitive C-H bonds have been replaced by C-D bonds. The deuterated analogues D4-α-[Fe(OTf)2(mcp)] (D4-1α), D4-β-[Fe(OTf)2(mcp)] (D4-1β), and D6-β-[Fe(OTf)2(mcp)] (D6-1β) were prepared, and their catalytic activity has been studied. D4-1α proves to be an extraordinarily active and efficient catalyst (up to 91% of O2 yield); it exhibits initial reaction rates identical with those of its protio analogue, but it is substantially more robust toward oxidative degradation and yields more than 3400 TON ( n(O2)/ n(Fe)). Altogether this evidences that the water oxidation catalytic activity is performed by a well-defined coordination complex and not by iron oxides formed after oxidative degradation of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoel Codolà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Ilaria Gamba
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Ferran Acuña-Parés
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Paisos Catalans 16 , 43007 , Tarragona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Paisos Catalans 16 , 43007 , Tarragona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Martin Clémancey
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS, LCBM, pmb , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Jean-Marc Latour
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS, LCBM, pmb , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Josep M Luis
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Julio Lloret-Fillol
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Paisos Catalans 16 , 43007 , Tarragona , Catalonia , Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) , Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23 , 08010 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
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19
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Rajabimoghadam K, Darwish Y, Bashir U, Pitman D, Eichelberger S, Siegler MA, Swart M, Garcia-Bosch I. Catalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols by Copper Complexes Bearing Redox-Active Ligands with Tunable H-Bonding Groups. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16625-16634. [PMID: 30400740 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this research article, we describe the structure, spectroscopy, and reactivity of a family of copper complexes bearing bidentate redox-active ligands that contain H-bonding donor groups. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography shows that these tetracoordinate complexes are stabilized by intramolecular H-bonding interactions between the two ligand scaffolds. Interestingly, the Cu complexes undergo multiple reversible oxidation-reduction processes associated with the metal ion (CuI, CuII, CuIII) and/or the o-phenyldiamido ligand (L2-, L•-, L). Moreover, some of the CuII complexes catalyze the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes (or ketones) at room temperature. Our extensive mechanistic analysis suggests that the dehydrogenation of alcohols occurs via an unusual reaction pathway for galactose oxidase model systems, in which O2 reduction occurs concurrently with substrate oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousef Darwish
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Umyeena Bashir
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Dylan Pitman
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Sidney Eichelberger
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Marcel Swart
- ICREA , Pg. Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain.,IQCC , University of Girona , Campus Montilivi (Ciències) , Girona , Spain
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
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20
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Zhu C, Chen F, Liu C, Zeng H, Yang Z, Wu W, Jiang H. Copper-Catalyzed Unstrained C–C Single Bond Cleavage of Acyclic Oxime Acetates Using Air: An Internal Oxidant-Triggered Strategy toward Nitriles and Ketones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14713-14722. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Water dispersed gold nanoparticles catalyzed aerobic oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling: An efficient synthesis of α-ketoamides in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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22
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Presti EL, Monzani E, Santagostini L, Casella L. Building biomimetic model compounds of dinuclear and trinuclear copper clusters for stereoselective oxidations. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Aggregation of mononuclear copper complexes by metal-oxidation-induced ligand deprotonation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Cook BJ, Di Francesco GN, Kieber-Emmons MT, Murray LJ. A Tricopper(I) Complex Competent for O Atom Transfer, C–H Bond Activation, and Multiple O2 Activation Steps. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11361-11368. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Cook
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Gianna N. Di Francesco
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | | | - Leslie J. Murray
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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25
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Pan J, Li X, Qiu X, Luo X, Jiao N. Copper-Catalyzed Oxygenation Approach to Oxazoles from Amines, Alkynes, and Molecular Oxygen. Org Lett 2018; 20:2762-2765. [PMID: 29664305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient oxygenation approach to trisubstituted oxazoles via a copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative annulation of amines, alkynes, and O2 has been developed. This transformation combines dioxygen activation and oxidative C-H bond functionalization and provides a practical protocol for the preparation of oxazole derivatives, which are privileged units found in various bioactive compounds or other natural products. 18O-labeling experiments were conducted to reveal that oxygenation was involved in this chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xinyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
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26
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Zhang HJ, Schuppe AW, Pan ST, Chen JX, Wang BR, Newhouse TR, Yin L. Copper-Catalyzed Vinylogous Aerobic Oxidation of Unsaturated Compounds with Air. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5300-5310. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Alexander W. Schuppe
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Shi-Tao Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo-Ran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Timothy R. Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Liang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Li ST, Braun-Cula B, Hoof S, Limberg C. Copper(i) complexes based on ligand systems with two different binding sites: synthesis, structures and reaction with O 2. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:544-560. [PMID: 29239430 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03752j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the ligand systems L1 and L2 with two different N3-binding sites linked through a dibenzofuran spacer and their coordination properties towards a variety of CuI precursors are reported. The reaction of L1 with copper halides leads to the formation of a bimetallic species [(L1)(CuICl)2] (1), and metallodimers [((L1)(CuIX)2)2(μ-(Cu)(μ-X)2)] (2: X = Br, 3: X = I) in which two dicopper complexes are bridged by a (μ-(Cu)(μ-X)2)-moiety whereas L2 reacts with copper chloride to afford {[Cu(L2)Cl2]}n (8). Furthermore, starting from L1 in combination with copper(i) salts of weakly coordinating anions the dicopper complexes [(L1)(CuI(NCCH3))2](BF4)2 (4), [(L1)(CuI(NCCH3))(Cu(Y))](Y) (5: Y = OTf, 6: Y = ClO4) and [(L1)(Cu(dppe))](PF6)2 (7) were isolated, and employing L2, the complexes [(L2)(CuI(NCCH3))2](Z)2 (9: Z = PF6, 10: Z = OTf) and [(L2)(Cu(dppe))](PF6)2 (11) were obtained. Complexes 4-6 as well as 9 and 10 react rapidly with O2 to form metastable O2 adducts in acetone at -90 °C, where O2 is bound between the two copper centers within one dicopper molecule, as evidenced by UV/Vis spectroscopy, kinetic investigations, Raman spectroscopy and studies with ligands containing the isolated donor sites. The reactivity of the O2 adducts towards selected substrates was also investigated, showing their ability to act as electrophiles as well as nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Li
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38; Beijing 100191 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200032 China
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29
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Abstract
The selective oxidation of organic molecules is a fundamentally important component of modern synthetic chemistry. In the past decades, direct oxidative C-H and C-C bond functionalization has proved to be one of the most efficient and straightforward methods to synthesize complex products from simple and readily available starting materials. Among these oxidative processes, the use of molecular oxygen as a green and sustainable oxidant has attracted considerable attention because of its highly atom-economical, abundant, and environmentally friendly characteristics. The development of new protocols using molecular oxygen as an ideal oxidant is highly desirable in oxidation chemistry. More importantly, the oxygenation reaction of simple molecules using molecular oxygen as the oxygen source offers one of the most ideal processes for the construction of O-containing compounds. Aerobic oxidation and oxygenation by enzymes, such as monooxygenase, tyrosinase, and dopamine β-monooxygenase, have been observed in some biological C-H bond hydroxylation processes. Encouraged by these biological transformations, transition-metal- or organocatalyst-catalyzed oxygenation through dioxygen activation has attracted academic and industrial prospects. In this Account, we describe some advances from our group in oxygenation via C-H/C-C bond activation with molecular oxygen as the oxidant and oxygen source for the synthesis of O-containing compounds. Under an atmosphere of O2 (1 atm) or air (1 atm), we have successfully incorporated one or two O atoms from O2 into simple and readily available substrates through C-H, C-C, C═C, and C≡C bond cleavage by transition-metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and photocatalysis. Moreover, we have devised cyclization reactions with molecular oxygen to construct O-heterocycles. Most of these transformations can tolerate a broad range of functional groups. Furthermore, on the basis of isotope labeling experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance spectral analysis, and other mechanistic studies, we have demonstrated that a single electron transfer process via a carbon radical, peroxide radical, or hydroxyl radical is involved in these aerobic oxidation and oxygenation reactions. These protocols provide new approaches for the green synthesis of various α-keto amides, α-keto esters, esters, ketones, aldehydes, formamides, 2-oxoacetamidines, 2-(1H)-pyridones, phenols, tertiary α-hydroxy carbonyls, p-quinols, β-azido alcohols, benzyl alcohols, tryptophols, and oxazoles, which have potential applications in the preparation of natural products, bioactive compounds, and functional materials. In most cases, inexpensive and low-toxicity Cu, Fe, Mn, or NHPI was found to be an efficient catalyst for the transformation. The high efficiency, low cost, high oxygen atom economy, broad substrate scope, and practical operation make the developed oxygenation system very attractive and practical. Moreover, the design of new types of molecular-oxygen- or air-based oxidation and oxygenation reactions can be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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30
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Gennarini F, David R, López I, Le Mest Y, Réglier M, Belle C, Thibon-Pourret A, Jamet H, Le Poul N. Influence of Asymmetry on the Redox Properties of Phenoxo- and Hydroxo-Bridged Dicopper Complexes: Spectroelectrochemical and Theoretical Studies. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:7707-7719. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gennarini
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS UMR 6521, Laboratoire CEMCA, 6
Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Rolf David
- Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble1, CNRS-UGA UMR 5250, Laboratoire DCM/Cire, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Isidoro López
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS UMR 6521, Laboratoire CEMCA, 6
Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Yves Le Mest
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS UMR 6521, Laboratoire CEMCA, 6
Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Marius Réglier
- Université Aix Marseille, CNRS UMR 7313, Laboratoire de ISM2/BiosCiences, 52 avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Catherine Belle
- Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble1, CNRS-UGA UMR 5250, Laboratoire DCM/Cire, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Aurore Thibon-Pourret
- Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble1, CNRS-UGA UMR 5250, Laboratoire DCM/Cire, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Institut de Chimie, CLAC, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Jamet
- Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble1, CNRS-UGA UMR 5250, Laboratoire DCM/Cire, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS UMR 6521, Laboratoire CEMCA, 6
Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
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31
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Ipek B, Wulfers MJ, Kim H, Göltl F, Hermans I, Smith JP, Booksh KS, Brown CM, Lobo RF. Formation of [Cu2O2]2+ and [Cu2O]2+ toward C–H Bond Activation in Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SSZ-39. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hacksung Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Craig M. Brown
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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32
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Garcia-Bosch I, Cowley RE, Díaz DE, Peterson RL, Solomon EI, Karlin KD. Substrate and Lewis Acid Coordination Promote O-O Bond Cleavage of an Unreactive L 2Cu II2(O 22-) Species to Form L 2Cu III2(O) 2 Cores with Enhanced Oxidative Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3186-3195. [PMID: 28195739 PMCID: PMC5532877 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper-dependent metalloenzymes are widespread throughout metabolic pathways, coupling the reduction of O2 with the oxidation of organic substrates. Small-molecule synthetic analogs are useful platforms to generate L/Cu/O2 species that reproduce the structural, spectroscopic, and reactive properties of some copper-/O2-dependent enzymes. Landmark studies have shown that the conversion between dicopper(II)-peroxo species (L2CuII2(O22-) either side-on peroxo, SP, or end-on trans-peroxo, TP) and dicopper(III)-bis(μ-oxo) (L2CuIII2(O2-)2: O) can be controlled through ligand design, reaction conditions (temperature, solvent, and counteranion), or substrate coordination. We recently published ( J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012 , 134 , 8513 , DOI: 10.1021/ja300674m ) the crystal structure of an unusual SP species [(MeAN)2CuII2(O22-)]2+ (SPMeAN, MeAN: N-methyl-N,N-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine) that featured an elongated O-O bond but did not lead to O-O cleavage or reactivity toward external substrates. Herein, we report that SPMeAN can be activated to generate OMeAN and perform the oxidation of external substrates by two complementary strategies: (i) coordination of substituted sodium phenolates to form the substrate-bound OMeAN-RPhO- species that leads to ortho-hydroxylation in a tyrosinase-like fashion and (ii) addition of stoichiometric amounts (1 or 2 equiv) of Lewis acids (LA's) to form an unprecedented series of O-type species (OMeAN-LA) able to oxidize C-H and O-H bonds. Spectroscopic, computational, and mechanistic studies emphasize the unique plasticity of the SPMeAN core, which combines the assembly of exogenous reagents in the primary (phenolates) and secondary (Lewis acids association to the MeAN ligand) coordination spheres with O-O cleavage. These findings are reminiscent of the strategy followed by several metalloproteins and highlight the possible implication of O-type species in copper-/dioxygen-dependent enzymes such as tyrosinase (Ty) and particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Ryan E. Cowley
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Daniel E. Díaz
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ryan L. Peterson
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Elwell CE, Gagnon NL, Neisen BD, Dhar D, Spaeth AD, Yee GM, Tolman WB. Copper-Oxygen Complexes Revisited: Structures, Spectroscopy, and Reactivity. Chem Rev 2017; 117:2059-2107. [PMID: 28103018 PMCID: PMC5963733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A longstanding research goal has been to understand the nature and role of copper-oxygen intermediates within copper-containing enzymes and abiological catalysts. Synthetic chemistry has played a pivotal role in highlighting the viability of proposed intermediates and expanding the library of known copper-oxygen cores. In addition to the number of new complexes that have been synthesized since the previous reviews on this topic in this journal (Mirica, L. M.; Ottenwaelder, X.; Stack, T. D. P. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 1013-1046 and Lewis, E. A.; Tolman, W. B. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 1047-1076), the field has seen significant expansion in the (1) range of cores synthesized and characterized, (2) amount of mechanistic work performed, particularly in the area of organic substrate oxidation, and (3) use of computational methods for both the corroboration and prediction of proposed intermediates. The scope of this review has been limited to well-characterized examples of copper-oxygen species but seeks to provide a thorough picture of the spectroscopic characteristics and reactivity trends of the copper-oxygen cores discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E Elwell
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicole L Gagnon
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Benjamin D Neisen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Debanjan Dhar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew D Spaeth
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Gereon M Yee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Liu H, Wang M, Li H, Luo N, Xu S, Wang F. New protocol of copper-catalyzed oxidative C(CO) C bond cleavage of aryl and aliphatic ketones to organic acids using O2 as the terminal oxidant. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Gupta P, Diefenbach M, Holthausen MC, Förster M. Copper-Mediated Selective Hydroxylation of a Non-activated C−H Bond in Steroids: A DFT Study of Schönecker's Reaction. Chemistry 2016; 23:1427-1435. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gupta
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Moritz Förster
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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36
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High-valent copper in biomimetic and biological oxidations. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 22:289-305. [PMID: 27909921 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A long-standing debate in the Cu-O2 field has revolved around the relevance of the Cu(III) oxidation state in biological redox processes. The proposal of Cu(III) in biology is generally challenged as no spectroscopic or structural evidence exists currently for its presence. The reaction of synthetic Cu(I) complexes with O2 at low temperature in aprotic solvents provides the opportunity to investigate and define the chemical landscape of Cu-O2 species at a small-molecule level of detail; eight different types are characterized structurally, three of which contain at least one Cu(III) center. Simple imidazole or histamine ligands are competent in these oxygenation reactions to form Cu(III) complexes. The combination of synthetic structural and reactivity data suggests (1) that Cu(I) should be considered as either a one or two electron reductant reacting with O2, (2) that Cu(III) reduction potentials of these formed complexes are modest and well within the limits of a protein matrix and (3) that primary amine and imidazole ligands are surprisingly good at stabilizing Cu(III) centers. These Cu(III) complexes are efficient oxidants for hydroxylating phenolate substrates with reaction hallmarks similar to that performed in biological systems. The remarkable ligation similarity of the synthetic and biological systems makes it difficult to continue to exclude Cu(III) from biological discussions.
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37
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Shen T, Zhang Y, Liang YF, Jiao N. Direct Tryptophols Synthesis from 2-Vinylanilines and Alkynes via C≡C Triple Bond Cleavage and Dioxygen Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13147-13150. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shen
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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38
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Li ST, Braun-Cula B, Hoof S, Dürr M, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Limberg C. Ligands with Two Different Binding Sites and O2Reactivity of their Copper(I) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sin Ting Li
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Beatrice Braun-Cula
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Santina Hoof
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Maximilian Dürr
- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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Wendt F, Näther C, Tuczek F. Tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activity of copper(I) complexes supported by imidazole-based ligands: structure–reactivity correlations. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:777-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Tsang ASK, Kapat A, Schoenebeck F. Factors That Control C–C Cleavage versus C–H Bond Hydroxylation in Copper-Catalyzed Oxidations of Ketones with O2. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:518-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Althea S.-K. Tsang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ajoy Kapat
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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41
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Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed selective oxidation of substituted phenols and methoxyarenes with environmentally benign oxidants. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Saracini C, Ohkubo K, Suenobu T, Meyer GJ, Karlin KD, Fukuzumi S. Laser-Induced Dynamics of Peroxodicopper(II) Complexes Vary with the Ligand Architecture. One-Photon Two-Electron O2 Ejection and Formation of Mixed-Valent Cu(I)Cu(II)-Superoxide Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15865-74. [PMID: 26651492 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation of end-on trans-μ-1,2-peroxodicopper(II) complex [(tmpa)2Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (1) (λmax = 525 and 600 nm) and side-on μ-η(2):η(2)-peroxodicopper(II) complexes [(N5)Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (2) and [(N3)Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (3) at -80 °C in acetone led to one-photon two-electron peroxide-to-dioxygen oxidation chemistry (O2(2-) + hν → O2 + 2e(-)). Interestingly, light excitation of 2 and 3 (having side-on μ-η(2):η(2)-peroxo ligation) led to release of dioxygen, while photoexcitation of 1 (having an end-on trans-1,2-peroxo geometry) did not, even though spectroscopic studies revealed that both reactions proceeded through previously unknown mixed-valent superoxide species: [Cu(II)(O2(•-))Cu(I)](2+) (λmax = 685-740 nm). For 1, this intermediate underwent further fast intramolecular electron transfer to yield an "O2-caged" dicopper(I) adduct, Cu(I)2-O2, and a barrierless stepwise back electron transfer to regenerate 1 occurred. Femtosecond laser excitation of 2 and 3 under the same conditions still led to [Cu(II)(O2(•-))Cu(I)](2+) intermediates that, instead, underwent O2 release with a quantum yield of 0.14 ± 0.1 for 3. Such remarkable differences in reaction pathways likely result from the well-known ligand-derived stability of 2 and 3 vs 1 indicated by ligand-Cu(II/I) redox potentials; (N5)Cu(I) and (N3)Cu(I) complexes are far more stable than (tmpa)Cu(I) species. The fast Cu(I)2/O2 rebinding kinetics was also measured after photoexcitation of 2 and 3, with the results closely tracking those known for the dicopper proteins hemocyanin and tyrosinase, for which the synthetic dicopper(I) precursors [(N5)Cu(I)2](2+) and [(N3)Cu(I)2](2+) and their dioxygen adducts serve as models. The biological relevance of the present findings is discussed, including the potential impact on the solar water splitting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Saracini
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
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43
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Wilfer C, Liebhäuser P, Hoffmann A, Erdmann H, Grossmann O, Runtsch L, Paffenholz E, Schepper R, Dick R, Bauer M, Dürr M, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Herres-Pawlis S. Efficient Biomimetic Hydroxylation Catalysis with a Bis(pyrazolyl)imidazolylmethane Copper Peroxide Complex. Chemistry 2015; 21:17639-49. [PMID: 26458073 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands are excellent components of model complexes used to investigate the activity of the enzyme tyrosinase. Combining the N donors 3-tert-butylpyrazole and 1-methylimidazole results in a ligand that is capable of stabilising a (μ-η(2) :η(2) )-dicopper(II) core that resembles the active centre of tyrosinase. UV/Vis spectroscopy shows blueshifted UV bands in comparison to other known peroxo complexes, due to donor competition from different ligand substituents. This effect was investigated with the help of theoretical calculations, including DFT and natural transition orbital analysis. The peroxo complex acts as a catalyst capable of hydroxylating a variety of phenols by using oxygen. Catalytic conversion with the non-biological phenolic substrate 8-hydroxyquinoline resulted in remarkable turnover numbers. In stoichiometric reactions, substrate-binding kinetics was observed and the intrinsic hydroxylation constant, kox , was determined for five phenolates. It was found to be the fastest hydroxylation model system determined so far, reaching almost biological activity. Furthermore, Hammett analysis proved the electrophilic character of the reaction. This sheds light on the subtle role of donor strength and its influence on hydroxylation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wilfer
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany).,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Patricia Liebhäuser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Hannes Erdmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Oleg Grossmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Leander Runtsch
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Eva Paffenholz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Rahel Schepper
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Regina Dick
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Maximilian Dürr
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen (Germany)
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen (Germany)
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany). .,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany).
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44
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Liang YF, Wang X, Yuan Y, Liang Y, Li X, Jiao N. Ligand-Promoted Pd-Catalyzed Oxime Ether Directed C–H Hydroxylation of Arenes. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yizhi Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan
Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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45
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Askari MS, Esguerra KVN, Lumb JP, Ottenwaelder X. A Biomimetic Mechanism for the Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxygenation of 4-tert-Butylphenol. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8665-72. [PMID: 26302341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlling product selectivity during the catalytic aerobic oxidation of phenols remains a significant challenge that hinders reaction development. This work provides a mechanistic picture of a Cu-catalyzed, aerobic functionalization of phenols that is selective for phenoxy-coupled ortho-quinones. We show that the immediate product of the reaction is a Cu(II)-semiquinone radical complex and reveal that ortho-oxygenation precedes oxidative coupling. This complex is the resting state of the Cu catalyst during turnover at room temperature. A mechanistic study of the formation of this complex at low temperatures demonstrates that the oxygenation pathway mimics the dinuclear Cu enzyme tyrosinase by involving a dinuclear side-on peroxodicopper(II) oxidant. Unlike the enzyme, however, the rate-limiting step of the ortho-oxygenation reaction is the self-assembly of the oxidant from Cu(I) and O2. We provide details for all steps in the cycle and demonstrate that turnover is contingent upon proton-transfer events that are mediated by a slight excess of ligand. Finally, our knowledge of the reaction mechanism can be leveraged to diversify the reaction outcome. Thus, uncoupled ortho-quinones are favored in polar, coordinating media, highlighting unusually high levels of chemoselectivity for a catalytic aerobic oxidation of a phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University , Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Xavier Ottenwaelder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University , Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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46
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Serrano-Plana J, Garcia-Bosch I, Company A, Costas M. Structural and reactivity models for copper oxygenases: cooperative effects and novel reactivities. Acc Chem Res 2015. [PMID: 26207342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dioxygen is widely used in nature as oxidant. Nature itself has served as inspiration to use O2 in chemical synthesis. However, the use of dioxygen as an oxidant is not straightforward. Its triplet ground-state electronic structure makes it unreactive toward most organic substrates. In natural systems, metalloenzymes activate O2 by reducing it to more reactive peroxide (O2(2-)) or superoxide (O2(-)) forms. Over the years, the development of model systems containing transition metals has become a convenient tool for unravelling O2-activation mechanistic aspects and reproducing the oxidative activity of enzymes. Several copper-based systems have been developed within this area. Tyrosinase is a copper-based O2-activating enzyme, whose structure and reactivity have been widely studied, and that serves as a paradigm for O2 activation at a dimetal site. It contains a dicopper center in its active site, and it catalyzes the regioselective ortho-hydroxylation of phenols to catechols and further oxidation to quinones. This represents an important step in melanin biosynthesis and it is mediated by a dicopper(II) side-on peroxo intermediate species. In the present accounts, our research in the field of copper models for oxygen activation is collected. We have developed m-xylyl linked dicopper systems that mimick structural and reactivity aspects of tyrosinase. Synergistic cooperation of the two copper(I) centers results in O2 binding and formation of bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores. These in turn bind and ortho-hydroxylate phenolates via an electrophilic attack of the oxo ligand over the arene. Interestingly the bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores can also engage in ortho-hydroxylation-defluorination of deprotonated 2-fluorophenols, substrates that are well-known enzyme inhibitors. Analysis of Cu2O2 species with different binding modes show that only the bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores can mediate the reaction. Finally, the use of unsymmetric systems for oxygen activation is a field that still remains rather unexplored. We envision that the unsymmetry might infere interesting new reactivities. We contributed to this topic with the development of an unsymmetric ligand (m-XYL(N3N4)), whose dicuprous complex reacts with O2 and forms a trans-peroxo dicopper(II) species that showed a markedly different reactivity compared to a symmetric trans-peroxo dicopper(II) analog. Nucleophilic reactivity is observed for the unsymmetric trans-peroxo dicopper(II) species against electrophilies such as H(+), CO2 and aldehydes, and neither oxygen atom transfer nor hydrogen abstraction is observed when reacting with oxygen atom acceptors (triphenyl phosphine, sulfides) and substrates with weak C-H bonds. Instead, electrophilic monooxygenase-like ortho-hydroxylation reactivity is described for these unsymmetric species upon reaction with phenolates. Finally, by using a second dinucleating unsymmetric ligand (L(N3N4)), we have described copper(I) containing heterodimetallic systems and explored their O2 binding properties. Site specific metalation led to the generation of dimeric heterometallic M'CuO2CuM' species from intermolecular O2 binding at copper sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serrano-Plana
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Anna Company
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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Perrone ML, Lo Presti E, Dell'Acqua S, Monzani E, Santagostini L, Casella L. Synthesis, Characterization, and Stereoselective Oxidations of the Dinuclear Copper(II) Complex Derived from a Chiral Diamino-m-xylenetetra(benzimidazole) Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Serrano-Plana J, Costas M, Company A. Building Complexity in O2-Binding Copper Complexes. Site-Selective Metalation and Intermolecular O2-Binding at Dicopper and Heterometallic Complexes Derived from an Unsymmetric Ligand. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12929-38. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501951f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serrano-Plana
- Grup de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular
i Catàlisi (QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional
i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Grup de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular
i Catàlisi (QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional
i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Company
- Grup de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular
i Catàlisi (QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional
i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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49
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Arnold A, Metzinger R, Limberg C. Bioinspired copper(I) complexes that exhibit monooxygenase and catechol dioxygenase activity. Chemistry 2014; 21:1198-207. [PMID: 25395055 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
New tripodal ligand L2 featuring three different pyridyl/imidazolyl-based N-donor units at a bridgehead C atom, from which one of the imidazolyl units is separated by a phenylene linker, was synthesized and investigated with regards to copper(I) complexation. The resulting complex [(L2)Cu]OTf (2(OTf)), the known complex [(L1)Cu]OTf (1(OTf); L1 differs from L2 in that it lacks the phenylene spacer) and [(L3)Cu]OTf (3(OTf)), prepared from a known chiral, tripodal, N-donor ligand featuring pyridyl, pyrazolyl, and imidazolyl donors, were tested as catalysts for the oxidation of sodium 2,4-di-tert-butylphenolate (NaDTBP) with O2. Indeed, they mediated NaDTBP oxidation to give mainly the corresponding catecholate and quinone (Q). None of the complexes 1(OTf), 2(OTf), and 3(OTf) is superior to the others, as yields were comparable and, if the presence of protons is guaranteed by concomitant addition of the phenol DTBP, the oxidation can also be performed catalytically. For all complexes stoichiometric oxidations under certain conditions (concentrated solutions, high NaDTBP content) were found to also generate products typical for metal-mediated intradiol cleavage of the catecholate with O2. As shown representatively for 1(OTf) this dioxygenation sets in at a later stage of the reaction. Initially a copper species responsible for the monooxygenation must form from 1(OTf)/NaDTBP/O2, and only thereafter is the copper species responsible for dioxygenation formed and consumes Q as substrate. Hence, under these circumstances complexes 1(OTf)-3(OTf) show both monooxygenase and catechol dioxygenase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Arnold
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin (Germany), Fax: (+49) 030-2093-6966
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50
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Huang X, Li X, Zou M, Song S, Tang C, Yuan Y, Jiao N. From Ketones to Esters by a Cu-Catalyzed Highly Selective C(CO)–C(alkyl) Bond Cleavage: Aerobic Oxidation and Oxygenation with Air. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14858-65. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5073004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Miancheng Zou
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Conghui Tang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yizhi Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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