1
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Qi X, Jiang S, Hui Z, Gao Y, Ye Y, Lirussi F, Garrido C, Xu L, He X, Bai R, Ye XY, Xie T. Design, synthesis and antitumor efficacy evaluation of a series of novel β-elemene-based macrocycles. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 74:117049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Zhou Z, Zhang J, Zhou E, Ren C, Wang J, Wang Y. Small molecule NS5B RdRp non-nucleoside inhibitors for the treatment of HCV infection: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114595. [PMID: 35868125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become a global health problem with enormous risks. Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is a component of HCV, which can promote the formation of the viral RNA replication complex and is also an essential part of the replication complex itself. It plays a vital role in the synthesis of the positive and negative strands of HCV RNA. Therefore, the development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting NS5B RdRp is of great value for treating HCV infection-related diseases. Compared with NS5B RdRp nucleoside inhibitors, non-nucleoside inhibitors have more flexible structures, simpler mechanisms of action, and more predictable efficacy and safety of drugs in humans. Technological advances over the past decade have led to remarkable achievements in developing NS5B RdRp inhibitors. This review will summarize the non-nucleoside inhibitors targeting NS5B RdRp developed in the past decade and describe their structure optimization process and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilan Zhou
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Enda Zhou
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Khalid H, Shahid S, Tariq S, Ijaz B, Ashfaq UA, Ahmad M. Discovery of Novel HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor, 2-(3,4-dimethyl-5,5-dioxidobenzo[e]pyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]thiazin-2(4H)-yl)-N-(2-fluorobenzyl)acetamide via molecular docking and experimental approach. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:1653-1661. [PMID: 34386985 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a viral infection posing a severe global threat that left untreated progress to end-stage liver disease, including cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, no prophylactic approach exists so far enabling its prevention. The NS5B polymerase holds special significance as the target of intervention against HCV infection. The current study kindles benzothiazine derivatives against HCV NS5B polymerase through in silico and experimental approaches. Following docking, the compound 2-(3,4-dimethyl-5,5-dioxidobenzo[e]pyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]thiazin-2(4H)-yl)-N-(2-fluorobenzyl)acetamide was revealed to form effective binding interaction in the proposed site of HCV NS5B with a score of -10 kcal/mol and subsequently was deciphered through MD simulation study which indicated interaction of residues TYR_382, VAL_381 and HIS_467 through hydrophobic interaction and two residues such as GLU_202 and LYS_209 contributed in the formation of water bridges. The subsequent in silico pharmacological analysis revealed its safe drug profile. The cytotoxicity activity of compound 6c indicated to be non-toxic in HepG2 cells at concentration ranges from 0.001-1.0 µM with > 80% cell viability and diminished expression of the HCV NS5B to 98% at the dose of 1.0 µM and 90 % at 0.5µM. Thus the hit compound 6c might be a potent NS5B polymerase inhibitor required to be validated further through in vivo and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Khalid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Somayya Tariq
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Ijaz
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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4
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Iioka R, Yorozu K, Sakai Y, Kawai R, Hatae N, Takashima K, Tanabe G, Wasada H, Yoshimatsu M. Synthesis of Azepino[1,2‐
a
]indole‐10‐amines via [6+1] Annulation of Ynenitriles with Reformatsky Reagent. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoya Iioka
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Kohei Yorozu
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Yoko Sakai
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Rika Kawai
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatae
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Yokohama University of Pharmacy 601 Matano, Totsuka-ku 245-0066 Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Katsuki Takashima
- Faculty of Pharmacy Kinki University 3-4-1 Kowakae 577-8502 Higashi-osaka Osaka Japan
| | - Genzoh Tanabe
- Faculty of Pharmacy Kinki University 3-4-1 Kowakae 577-8502 Higashi-osaka Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wasada
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Regional Study Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimatsu
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Gifu University Yanagido 1–1 501-1193 Gifu Japan
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5
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Viarengo-Baker LA, Brown LE, Rzepiela AA, Whitty A. Defining and navigating macrocycle chemical space. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4309-4328. [PMID: 34163695 PMCID: PMC8179434 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrocyclic compounds (MCs) are of growing interest for inhibition of challenging drug targets. We consider afresh what structural and physicochemical features could be relevant to the bioactivity of this compound class. Using these features, we performed Principal Component Analysis to map oral and non-oral macrocycle drugs and clinical candidates, and also commercially available synthetic MCs, in structure–property space. We find that oral MC drugs occupy defined regions that are distinct from those of the non-oral MC drugs. None of the oral MC regions are effectively sampled by the synthetic MCs. We identify 13 properties that can be used to design synthetic MCs that sample regions overlapping with oral MC drugs. The results advance our understanding of what molecular features are associated with bioactive and orally bioavailable MCs, and illustrate an approach by which synthetic chemists can better evaluate MC designs. We also identify underexplored regions of macrocycle chemical space. Macrocyclic compounds (MCs) are of high interest for inhibition of challenging drug targets, but existing oral MC drugs occupy regions of chemical space that are not well sampled by many available synthetic MC chemotypes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Viarengo-Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Ave Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Ave Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA .,Center for Molecular Discovery, Boston University 24 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Anna A Rzepiela
- Pyxis Discovery Delftechpark 26 Delft 2628XH The Netherlands
| | - Adrian Whitty
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Ave Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA .,Center for Molecular Discovery, Boston University 24 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
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6
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Zivanovic S, Colizzi F, Moreno D, Hospital A, Soliva R, Orozco M. Exploring the Conformational Landscape of Bioactive Small Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:6575-6585. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Zivanovic
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Colizzi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Moreno
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam Hospital
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Soliva
- Nostrum Biodiscovery, Nexus II Building, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Modesto Orozco
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, E08028 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Jiang X, Yu J, Zhou Z, Kongsted J, Song Y, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Kang D, Poongavanam V, Liu X, Zhan P. Molecular design opportunities presented by solvent‐exposed regions of target proteins. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2194-2238. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Jiang
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Yu
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxia Zhou
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Yuning Song
- Department of Clinical PharmacyQilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- Rega Institute for Medical ResearchLaboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy Leuven Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical ResearchLaboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy Leuven Belgium
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
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8
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Cummings MD, Sekharan S. Structure-Based Macrocycle Design in Small-Molecule Drug Discovery and Simple Metrics To Identify Opportunities for Macrocyclization of Small-Molecule Ligands. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6843-6853. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell D. Cummings
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Sivakumar Sekharan
- Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 252 Nassau Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08542, United States
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9
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Manjula S, Sivanandam M, Kumaradhas P. Probing the "fingers" domain binding pocket of Hepatitis C virus NS5B RdRp and D559G resistance mutation via molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:2440-2456. [PMID: 30047829 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1491419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The NS5B RdRp polymerase is a prominent enzyme for the replication of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). During the HCV replication, the template RNA binding takes place in the "fingers" sub-domain of NS5B. The "fingers" domain is a new emerging allosteric site for the HCV drug development. The inhibitors of the "fingers" sub-domain adopt a new antiviral mechanism called RNA intervention. The details of essential amino acid residues, binding mode of the ligand, and the active site intermolecular interactions of RNA intervention reflect that this mechanism is ambiguous in the experimental study. To elucidate these details, we performed molecular docking analysis of the fingers domain inhibitor quercetagetin (QGN) with NS5B polymerase. The detailed analysis of QGN-NS5B intermolecular interactions was carried out and found that QGN interacts with the binding pocket amino acid residues Ala97, Ala140, Ile160, Phe162, Gly283, Gly557, and Asp559; and also forms π⋯π stacking interaction with Phe162 and hydrogen bonding interaction with Gly283. These are found to be the essential interactions for the RNA intervention mechanism. Among the strong hydrogen bonding interactions, the QGN⋯Ala140 is a newly identified important hydrogen bonding interaction by the present work and this interaction was not resolved by the previously reported crystal structure. Since D559G mutation at the fingers domain was reported for reducing the inhibition percentage of QGN to sevenfold, we carried out molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for wild and D559G mutated complexes to study the stability of protein conformation and intermolecular interactions. At the end of 50 ns MD simulation, the π⋯π stacking interaction of Phe162 with QGN found in the wild-type complex is altered into T-shaped π stacking interaction, which reduces the inhibition strength. The origin of the D559G resistance mutation was studied using combined MD simulation, binding free energy calculations and principal component analysis. The results were compared with the wild-type complex. The mutation D559G reduces the binding affinity of the QGN molecule to the fingers domain. The free energy decomposition analysis of each residue of wild-type and mutated complexes revealed that the loss of non-polar energy contribution is the origin of the resistance. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Manjula
- a Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | - Magudeeswaran Sivanandam
- a Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | - Poomani Kumaradhas
- a Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics , Periyar University , Salem , India
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10
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Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Xu M, Zheng Z, Zhang R, Li Y. Selective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines or 4,6-dicarbonyl indoles via tandem reactions of alkynones with pyrrole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6328-6332. [PMID: 28731084 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01516j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel methodologies for the selective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines or 4,6-dicarbonyl indoles starting from pyrrole derivatives and alkynones are described. When reactions were carried out with 1,2,4-trisubstituted N-propargyl pyrroles using a ZnI2 catalyst, pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines were obtained. Whereas 4,6-dicarbonyl indoles were produced selectively with 1,2-disubstituted pyrroles in the presence of silica gel. The reaction outcomes depend on the substituent pattern of the substrates and the nature of the catalysts chosen. Control reactions suggested that the formation of a conjugated enamine intermediate was crucial for both the processes. With easily accessible starting materials, inexpensive catalysts and an easy-to-handle procedure, this reaction has the potential to become a general protocol for the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines or indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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11
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Elaziz MA, Moemen YS, Hassanien AE, Xiong S. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Model for HCVNS5B inhibitors based on an Antlion Optimizer-Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1506. [PMID: 29367667 PMCID: PMC5784174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is approximately 3% and one-fifth of all HCV carriers live in the Middle East, where Egypt has the highest global incidence of HCV infection. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were used in many applications for predicting the potential effects of chemicals on human health and environment. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is one of the most popular regression methods for building a nonlinear QSAR model. However, the quality of ANFIS is influenced by the size of the descriptors, so descriptor selection methods have been proposed, although these methods are affected by slow convergence and high time complexity. To avoid these limitations, the antlion optimizer was used to select relevant descriptors, before constructing a nonlinear QSAR model based on the PIC50 and these descriptors using ANFIS. In our experiments, 1029 compounds were used, which comprised 579 HCVNS5B inhibitors (PIC50 < ~14) and 450 non-HCVNS5B inhibitors (PIC50 > ~14). The experimental results showed that the proposed QSAR model obtained acceptable accuracy according to different measures, where [Formula: see text] was 0.952 and 0.923 for the training and testing sets, respectively, using cross-validation, while [Formula: see text] was 0.8822 using leave-one-out (LOO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd Elaziz
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Yasmine S Moemen
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Menofia, Egypt
| | | | - Shengwu Xiong
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Ciardiello JJ, Stewart HL, Sore HF, Galloway WRJD, Spring DR. A novel complexity-to-diversity strategy for the diversity-oriented synthesis of structurally diverse and complex macrocycles from quinine. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2825-2843. [PMID: 28283333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a global decline in the productivity and advancement of the pharmaceutical industry. A major contributing factor to this is the downturn in drug discovery successes. This can be attributed to the lack of structural (particularly scaffold) diversity and structural complexity exhibited by current small molecule screening collections. Macrocycles have been shown to exhibit a diverse range of biological properties, with over 100 natural product-derived examples currently marketed as FDA-approved drugs. Despite this, synthetic macrocycles are widely considered to be a poorly explored structural class within drug discovery, which can be attributed to their synthetic intractability. Herein we describe a novel complexity-to-diversity strategy for the diversity-oriented synthesis of novel, structurally complex and diverse macrocyclic scaffolds from natural product starting materials. This approach exploits the inherent structural (including functional) and stereochemical complexity of natural products in order to rapidly generate diversity and complexity. Readily-accessible natural product-derived intermediates serve as structural templates which can be divergently functionalized with different building blocks to generate a diverse range of acyclic precursors. Subsequent macrocyclisation then furnishes compounds that are each based around a distinct molecular scaffold. Thus, high levels of library scaffold diversity can be rapidly achieved. In this proof-of-concept study, the natural product quinine was used as the foundation for library synthesis, and six novel structurally diverse, highly complex and functionalized macrocycles were generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ciardiello
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - H L Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - H F Sore
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - W R J D Galloway
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - D R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
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13
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Garcia-Castro M, Zimmermann S, Sankar MG, Kumar K. Gerüstdiversitätsbasierte Synthese und ihre Anwendung bei der Sonden- und Wirkstoffsuche. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garcia-Castro
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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14
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Garcia-Castro M, Zimmermann S, Sankar MG, Kumar K. Scaffold Diversity Synthesis and Its Application in Probe and Drug Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7586-605. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garcia-Castro
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
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15
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Wei Y, Li J, Qing J, Huang M, Wu M, Gao F, Li D, Hong Z, Kong L, Huang W, Lin J. Discovery of Novel Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Polymerase Inhibitors by Combining Random Forest, Multiple e-Pharmacophore Modeling and Docking. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148181. [PMID: 26845440 PMCID: PMC4742222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NS5B polymerase is one of the most attractive targets for developing new drugs to block Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We describe the discovery of novel potent HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors by employing a virtual screening (VS) approach, which is based on random forest (RB-VS), e-pharmacophore (PB-VS), and docking (DB-VS) methods. In the RB-VS stage, after feature selection, a model with 16 descriptors was used. In the PB-VS stage, six energy-based pharmacophore (e-pharmacophore) models from different crystal structures of the NS5B polymerase with ligands binding at the palm I, thumb I and thumb II regions were used. In the DB-VS stage, the Glide SP and XP docking protocols with default parameters were employed. In the virtual screening approach, the RB-VS, PB-VS and DB-VS methods were applied in increasing order of complexity to screen the InterBioScreen database. From the final hits, we selected 5 compounds for further anti-HCV activity and cellular cytotoxicity assay. All 5 compounds were found to inhibit NS5B polymerase with IC50 values of 2.01-23.84 μM and displayed anti-HCV activities with EC50 values ranging from 1.61 to 21.88 μM, and all compounds displayed no cellular cytotoxicity (CC50 > 100 μM) except compound N2, which displayed weak cytotoxicity with a CC50 value of 51.3 μM. The hit compound N2 had the best antiviral activity against HCV, with a selective index of 32.1. The 5 hit compounds with new scaffolds could potentially serve as NS5B polymerase inhibitors through further optimization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biomedicine and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jie Qing
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mingjie Huang
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fenghua Gao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lingbao Kong
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
- * E-mail: (JPL); (WH); (LK)
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- PracticaChem-China, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
- * E-mail: (JPL); (WH); (LK)
| | - Jianping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- High-Throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biomedicine and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- * E-mail: (JPL); (WH); (LK)
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16
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Liao GP, Abdelraheem EMM, Neochoritis CG, Kurpiewska K, Kalinowska-Tłuścik J, McGowan DC, Dömling A. Versatile Multicomponent Reaction Macrocycle Synthesis Using α-Isocyano-ω-carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2015; 17:4980-3. [PMID: 26439710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The direct macrocycle synthesis of α-isocyano-ω-carboxylic acids via an Ugi multicomponent reaction is introduced. This multicomponent reaction (MCR) protocol differs by being especially short, convergent, and versatile, giving access to 12-22 membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Liao
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen , A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Eman M M Abdelraheem
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen , A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University , Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Constantinos G Neochoritis
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen , A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , 3 Ingardena Street, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - David C McGowan
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen , A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Cohrt AE, Nielsen TE. Solid-phase synthesis of peptide thioureas and thiazole-containing macrocycles through Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:71-7. [PMID: 24377264 DOI: 10.1021/co400102v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N-Terminally modified α-thiourea peptides can selectively be synthesized on solid support under mild reaction conditions using N,N'-di-Boc-thiourea and Mukaiyama's reagent (2-chloro-1-methyl-pyridinium iodide). This N-terminal modification applies to the 20 proteinogenic amino acid residues on three commonly used resins for solid-phase synthesis. Complementary methods for the synthesis of α-guanidino peptides have also been developed. The thiourea products underwent quantitative reactions with α-halo ketones to form thiazoles in excellent purities and yields. When strategically installed between two alkene moieties, said thiazole core was conveniently embedded in peptide macrocycles via Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis reactions. Various 15-17 membered macrocycles were easily accessible in all diastereomeric forms using this methodology. The developed "build/couple/pair" strategy is well suited for the generation of larger and stereochemically complete screening libraries of thiazole-containing peptide macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Emil Cohrt
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Nielsen
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
- Singapore
Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
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19
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A practical and efficient synthesis of 6-carboalkoxy-13-cycloalkyl-5H-indolo[2,1-a][2]benzazepine-10-carboxylic acid derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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LaPlante SR, Bös M, Brochu C, Chabot C, Coulombe R, Gillard JR, Jakalian A, Poirier M, Rancourt J, Stammers T, Thavonekham B, Beaulieu PL, Kukolj G, Tsantrizos YS. Conformation-based restrictions and scaffold replacements in the design of hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitors: discovery of deleobuvir (BI 207127). J Med Chem 2013; 57:1845-54. [PMID: 24159919 DOI: 10.1021/jm4011862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conformational restrictions of flexible torsion angles were used to guide the identification of new chemotypes of HCV NS5B inhibitors. Sites for rigidification were based on an acquired conformational understanding of compound binding requirements and the roles of substituents in the free and bound states. Chemical bioisosteres of amide bonds were explored to improve cell-based potency. Examples are shown, including the design concept that led to the discovery of the phase III clinical candidate deleobuvir (BI 207127). The structure-based strategies employed have general utility in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R LaPlante
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd. , 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Quebec, Canada H7S 2G5
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21
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Cummings MD, Lin TI, Hu L, Tahri A, McGowan D, Amssoms K, Last S, Devogelaere B, Rouan MC, Vijgen L, Berke JM, Dehertogh P, Fransen E, Cleiren E, van der Helm L, Fanning G, Nyanguile O, Simmen K, Van Remoortere P, Raboisson P, Vendeville S. Discovery and Early Development of TMC647055, a Non-Nucleoside Inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Polymerase. J Med Chem 2013; 57:1880-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401396p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell D. Cummings
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Tse-I Lin
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Lili Hu
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Abdellah Tahri
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - David McGowan
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Katie Amssoms
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Last
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Benoit Devogelaere
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Marie-Claude Rouan
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Leen Vijgen
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jan Martin Berke
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Pascale Dehertogh
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Els Fransen
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Erna Cleiren
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Liesbet van der Helm
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gregory Fanning
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Origène Nyanguile
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Kenny Simmen
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Remoortere
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Pierre Raboisson
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Vendeville
- Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA (formerly Tibotec BVBA), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
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22
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Beckmann HSG, Nie F, Hagerman CE, Johansson H, Tan YS, Wilcke D, Spring DR. A strategy for the diversity-oriented synthesis of macrocyclic scaffolds using multidimensional coupling. Nat Chem 2013; 5:861-7. [PMID: 24056343 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A prerequisite for successful screening campaigns in drug discovery or chemical genetics is the availability of structurally and thus functionally diverse compound libraries. Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) provides strategies for the generation of such libraries, of which the build/couple/pair (B/C/P) algorithm is the most frequently used. We have developed an advanced B/C/P strategy that incorporates multidimensional coupling. In this approach, structural diversity is not only defined by the nature of the building blocks employed, but also by the linking motif installed during the coupling reaction. We applied this step-efficient approach in a DOS of a library that consisted of 73 macrocyclic compounds based around 59 discrete scaffolds. The macrocycles prepared cover a broad range of different molecular shapes, as illustrated by principal moment-of-inertia analysis. This demonstrates the capability of the advanced B/C/P strategy using multidimensional coupling for the preparation of structurally diverse compound collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning S G Beckmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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23
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Beaulieu PL. Design and Development of NS5B Polymerase Non‐nucleoside Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection. SUCCESSFUL STRATEGIES FOR THE DISCOVERY OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849737814-00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects an estimated 130–170 million people worldwide and is associated with life‐threatening liver diseases. The recent introduction of the first two HCV direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) as a complement to the interferon/ribavirin standard of care has provided patients with improved outcomes. Still, 25–30% of subjects infected with genotype 1 HCV do not respond adequately to treatment owing to the emergence of resistant virus and many suffer from severe side effects. A paradigm shift towards the development of interferon‐free combinations of DAAs with complementary modes of action is currently taking place. Virally encoded proteins and enzymes have become the target of HCV drug discovery efforts and several promising new agents are currently being evaluated in the clinic for treatment of chronic HCV infection. The NS5B RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase is responsible for replication of viral RNA and plays a pivotal role in the virus life cycle. NS5B is undoubtedly the most druggable HCV target and is susceptible to several classes of allosteric inhibitors that bind to four distinct sites on the enzyme. This chapter describes successful strategies that have led to the discovery of HCV NS5B antivirals. It is divided according to allosteric sites and describes how each of the known families of inhibitors was discovered, characterized and optimized to provide clinical candidates. When available, the strategies adopted by medicinal chemists to optimize initial leads and address challenges and liabilities encountered on the path to candidate selection are described, along with reported clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre L. Beaulieu
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd. 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec Canada, H7S 2G5 resgeneral.lav@boehringer‐ingelheim.com
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25
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Khatib ME, Elagawany M, Çalışkan E, Davis EF, Faidallah HM, El-feky SA, Katritzky AR. Total synthesis of cyclic heptapeptide Rolloamide B. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2631-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39291k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Beaulieu PL, Coulombe R, Gillard J, Brochu C, Duan J, Garneau M, Jolicoeur E, Kuhn P, Poupart MA, Rancourt J, Stammers TA, Thavonekham B, Kukolj G. Allosteric N-acetamide-indole-6-carboxylic acid thumb pocket 1 inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase — Acylsulfonamides and acylsulfamides as carboxylic acid replacements. CAN J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2012-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acylsulfonamide and acylsulfamide as surrogates for the carboxylic acid function of N-acetamide-indole-6-carboxylic acids were evaluated as allosteric inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase. Several analogs displayed excellent antiviral potency against both 1a and 1b HCV genotypes in cell-based subgenomic replicon assays. Structure–activity relationships (SAR) are discussed in the context of the crystal structure of an inhibitor − NS5B polymerase complex. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion pharmacokinetic (ADME-PK) properties of this class of inhibitors are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre L. Beaulieu
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - René Coulombe
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - James Gillard
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Christian Brochu
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michel Garneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Eric Jolicoeur
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Peter Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Marc-André Poupart
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jean Rancourt
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Timothy A. Stammers
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bounkham Thavonekham
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - George Kukolj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC H7S 2G5, Canada
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Finger-loop inhibitors of the HCV NS5b polymerase. Part 1: Discovery and optimization of novel 1,6- and 2,6-macrocyclic indole series. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4431-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Vendeville S, Lin TI, Hu L, Tahri A, McGowan D, Cummings MD, Amssoms K, Canard M, Last S, Van den Steen I, Devogelaere B, Rouan MC, Vijgen L, Berke JM, Dehertogh P, Fransen E, Cleiren E, van der Helm L, Fanning G, Van Emelen K, Nyanguile O, Simmen K, Raboisson P. Finger loop inhibitors of the HCV NS5b polymerase. Part II. Optimization of tetracyclic indole-based macrocycle leading to the discovery of TMC647055. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4437-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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