1
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Lan R, Yager B, Jee Y, Day CS, Jones AC. Ligand effects, solvent cooperation, and large kinetic solvent deuterium isotope effects in gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular alkene hydroamination. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:479-496. [PMID: 38440168 PMCID: PMC10910400 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinetic studies on the intramolecular hydroamination of protected variants of 2,2-diphenylpent-4-en-1-amine were carried out under a variety of conditions with cationic gold catalysts supported by phosphine ligands. The impact of ligand on gold, protecting group on nitrogen, and solvent and additive on reaction rates was determined. The most effective reactions utilized more Lewis basic ureas, and more electron-withdrawing phosphines. A DCM/alcohol cooperative effect was quantified, and a continuum of isotope effects was measured with low KIE's in the absence of deuterated alcoholic solvent, increasing to large solvent KIE's when comparing reactions in pure MeOH to those in pure MeOH-d4. The effects are interpreted both within the context of a classic gold π-activation/protodeauration mechanism and a general acid-catalyzed mechanism without intermediate gold alkyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichen Lan
- Chemistry, Wake Forest University, 1834 Gulley Rd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Brock Yager
- Chemistry, Wake Forest University, 1834 Gulley Rd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Yoonsun Jee
- Chemistry, Wake Forest University, 1834 Gulley Rd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Cynthia S Day
- Chemistry, Wake Forest University, 1834 Gulley Rd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Amanda C Jones
- Chemistry, Wake Forest University, 1834 Gulley Rd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
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2
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Tsuno H, Shen J, Komatsu H, Arichi N, Inuki S, Ohno H. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Bis-Cyclization of Allenynes for the Synthesis of Strained and Planar Polycyclic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307532. [PMID: 37401836 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization of naphthalene-tethered allenynes gave strained fused phenanthrene derivatives. The reaction proceeds through the nucleophilic reaction of an alkyne with the activated allene to generate a vinyl cation intermediate, followed by arylation with a tethered naphthalene ring to form the 4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene (CPP) scaffold. When using aryl-substituted substrates on the alkyne terminus, the gold-catalyzed reaction produced dibenzofluorene derivatives along with the CPP derivatives. Selective formation of CPP and dibenzofluorene derivatives depending on the reaction conditions is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Tsuno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jingfeng Shen
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Norihito Arichi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Zur J, Schmidt M, Feichtner K, Duari P, Löffler J, Scherpf T, Gessner VH. From Stable PH-Ylides to α-Carbanionic Phosphines as Ligands for Zwitterionic Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203950. [PMID: 35644923 PMCID: PMC9401067 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although ylides are commonly used reagents in organic synthesis, the parent methylphosphine MePH2 only exists in its phosphine form in the condensed phase. Its ylide tautomer H3 P+ -CH2 - is considerably higher in energy. Here, we report on the formation of bis(sulfonyl)methyl-substituted phosphines of the type (RO2 S)2 C(H)-PR2, which form stable PH ylides under ambient conditions, amongst the first examples of an acyclic phosphine which only exists in its PH ylide form. Depending on the exact substitution pattern the phosphines form an equilibrium between the PH ylide and the phosphine form or exist as one of both extremes. These phosphines were found to be ideal starting systems for the facile formation of α-carbanionic phosphines. The carbanion-functionalization leads to a switch from electron-poor to highly electron-rich phosphines with strong donor abilities and high basicities. Thus, the phosphines readily react with different electrophiles exclusively at the phosphorus atom and not at the carbanionic center. Furthermore, the anionic nature of the phosphines allows the formation of zwitterionic complexes as demonstrated by the isolation of a gold(I) complex with a cationic metal center. The cationic gold center allows for catalytic activity in the hydroamination of alkyne without requiring a further activation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana‐Alina Zur
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Michelle Schmidt
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Kai‐Stephan Feichtner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Prakash Duari
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Julian Löffler
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IIFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044780BochumGermany
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4
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Muratov K, Gagosz F. Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203452. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
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5
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Zur J, Schmidt M, Feichtner K, Duari P, Löffler J, Scherpf T, Gessner VH. From Stable PH‐Ylides to α‐Carbanionic Phosphines as Ligands for Zwitterionic Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana‐Alina Zur
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Michelle Schmidt
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Kai‐Stephan Feichtner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Prakash Duari
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Julian Löffler
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
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6
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Liu S, Li J, Hu W, Huang B, Cai M. Recyclable gold(I)-catalyzed hydrohydrazidation of terminal alkynes towards keto-N-acylhydrazones. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Nguyen T, Daiann Sosa Carrizo E, Cattey H, Fleurat‐Lessard P, Roger J, Hierso J. Tetranuclear Dicationic Aurophilic Gold(I) Catalysts in Enyne Cycloisomerization: Cooperativity for a Dramatic Shift in Selectivity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200769. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan‐Anh Nguyen
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Paul Fleurat‐Lessard
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Julien Roger
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Jean‐Cyrille Hierso
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
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9
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Race JJ, Webb MJ, Boyd TM, Weller AS. Ortho‐F,F‐DPEphos: Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry in Rhodium and Gold Complexes, and Comparison with DPEphos. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Race
- University of York Department of Chemistry YO10 5DD York UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | | | - Andrew S. Weller
- University of York Chemistry Heslington YO105DD York UNITED KINGDOM
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10
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Ylide-Substituted Phosphines: A Platform of Strong Donor Ligands for Gold Catalysis and Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:770-782. [PMID: 35170935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of homogeneous catalysts is strongly connected to the design of new, sophisticated ligands, which resolve limitations of a given reaction protocol by manipulating the electronic properties of the metal and its spatial environment. Phosphines are a privileged class of ligands that find applications in many catalytic transformations, ranging from hydrogenation reactions to hydroformylation and coupling chemistry. For many years, chemists have been trying to improve the efficiency, selectivity, and application of coupling reactions. The use of highly electron-rich and bulky phosphines was often associated with increased selectivity and efficiency and led to the development of a vast variety of electron-rich alkyl-substituted phosphines. However, this concept of increasing the ligand donor strength reaches its limits with the use of trialkyl-substituted phosphines with tri-tert-butylphosphine thus being one of the most active ligands for many years. In the course of our research efforts to use the special donor strength of ylides to stabilize electron-deficient, low-valent main group compounds, we realized that ylide-substituted phosphine (YPhos) ligands possess remarkably strong donor abilities. Moreover, the YPhos ligands are highly tunable by changing the nature of the groups on the phosphonium, phosphine, or central ylidic carbon atom. We thus obtained a ligand platform with donor capabilities ranging from PCy3 to even stronger donor abilities than N-heterocyclic carbenes, while being more sterically demanding than simple phosphines as well as many well-known biarylphosphine ligands.These properties led us to explore the applicability of the YPhos ligands in catalysis. In a series of recent reports, our group applied YPhos ligands in gold and palladium catalyzed reactions at catalytic loadings applicable for medium- to large-scale applications. The increased donor strength and unique architecture allowed for remarkable activities in a series of transformations at mild reactions conditions. For gold(I)-catalyzed reactions, we obtained turnover numbers (TONs) for the hydroamination of phenylacetylene with aniline of over 20 000. Also, more complex reactions were easily catalyzed with efficiencies greater than those of other known gold(I) catalysts. Similar efficacies were found in a series of palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. In Buchwald-Hartwig aminations, unprecedented activities for the amination of aryl chlorides were reached at room temperature. The speed of formation of the catalytically active mono-YPhos palladium species allowed for some of the amination reactions to be completed in only a few minutes. Adjustment of the ligand design enabled the use of a large variety of different aryl and alkyl amines of different steric demands. Furthermore, the YPhos ligands in general showed high activities and selectivity in the coupling of a variety of carbon nucleophiles with aryl chlorides, bromides, and triflates. This enabled the development of efficient reaction protocols for the α-arylation of unhindered ketones and the coupling of Grignard and zinc reagents as well as the first efficient coupling of chloroarenes with alkyllithium compounds. This Account summarizes the recent development of YPhos ligands and their application in gold and palladium catalysis. We also hope to stimulate further use of this ligand platform in catalysis in the future.
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11
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Collado A, Nelson DJ, Nolan SP. Optimizing Catalyst and Reaction Conditions in Gold(I) Catalysis-Ligand Development. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8559-8612. [PMID: 34259505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review considers phosphine and N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold(I) that are used as (pre)catalysts for a range of reactions in organic synthesis. These are divided according to the structure of the ligand, with the narrative focusing on studies that offer a quantitative comparison between the ligands and readily available or widely used existing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Collado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David J Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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12
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Ruch AA, Ellison MC, Nguyen JK, Kong F, Handa S, Nesterov VN, Slaughter LM. Highly Sterically Encumbered Gold Acyclic Diaminocarbene Complexes: Overriding Electronic Control in Regiodivergent Gold Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Ruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Matthew C. Ellison
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - John K. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078,United States
| | - Vladimir N. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - LeGrande M. Slaughter
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
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13
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Beerhues J, Walter RRM, Aberhan H, Neubrand M, Porré M, Sarkar B. Spotlight on Ligand Effects in 1,2,3-Triazolylidene Gold Complexes for Hydroamination Catalysis: Synthesis and Catalytic Application of an Activated MIC Gold Triflimide Complex and Various MIC Gold Chloride Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert R. M. Walter
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hannes Aberhan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Neubrand
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marre Porré
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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14
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15
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Handelmann J, Babu CN, Steinert H, Schwarz C, Scherpf T, Kroll A, Gessner VH. Towards the rational design of ylide-substituted phosphines for gold(i)-catalysis: from inactive to ppm-level catalysis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4329-4337. [PMID: 34168748 PMCID: PMC8179644 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00105a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of gold catalysis into large-scale processes suffers from the fact that most reactions still require high catalyst loadings to achieve efficient catalysis thus making upscaling impractical. Here, we report systematic studies on the impact of the substituent in the backbone of ylide-substituted phosphines (YPhos) on the catalytic activity in the hydroamination of alkynes, which allowed us to increase the catalyst performance by orders of magnitude. While electronic changes of the ligand properties by introduction of aryl groups with electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups had surprisingly little impact on the activity of the gold complexes, the use of bulky aryl groups with ortho-substituents led to a remarkable boost in the catalyst activity. However, this catalyst improvement is not a result of an increased steric demand of the ligand towards the metal center, but due to steric protection of the reactive ylidic carbon centre in the ligand backbone. The gold complex of the thus designed mesityl-substituted YPhos ligand YMesPCy2, which is readily accessible in one step from a simple phosphonium salt, exhibited a high catalyst stability and allowed for turnover numbers up to 20 000 in the hydroamination of a series of different alkynes and amines. Furthermore, the catalyst was also active in more challenging reactions including enyne cyclisation and the formation of 1,2-dihydroquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Handelmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Chatla Naga Babu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Henning Steinert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Christopher Schwarz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Alexander Kroll
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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16
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Lu Z, Li T, Mudshinge SR, Xu B, Hammond GB. Optimization of Catalysts and Conditions in Gold(I) Catalysis—Counterion and Additive Effects. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8452-8477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Sagar R. Mudshinge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gerald B. Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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17
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Lin B, Zhang X, Zhou CY, Che CM. A PEGylated N-heterocyclic carbene-gold( i) complex: an efficient catalyst for cyclization reaction in water. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A recyclable, PEGylated N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC)–gold(i) catalyst was synthesized, which exhibited high reactivity and regio-selectivity in the cyclization of alkynoic acids and cascade reaction of tryptamine and alkynoic acids in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518000
- China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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18
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Campeau D, León Rayo DF, Mansour A, Muratov K, Gagosz F. Gold-Catalyzed Reactions of Specially Activated Alkynes, Allenes, and Alkenes. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8756-8867. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Campeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada
| | - David F. León Rayo
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ali Mansour
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada
| | - Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada
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19
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Li D, Zang W, Bird MJ, Hyland CJT, Shi M. Gold-Catalyzed Conversion of Highly Strained Compounds. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8685-8755. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wenqing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Melissa J. Bird
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons Research Institute, University of Wollongong,Wollongong New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Christopher J. T. Hyland
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons Research Institute, University of Wollongong,Wollongong New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 China
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20
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Abstract
An overview of the current state of mechanistic understanding of gold-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne hydrofunctionalization reactions is presented. Moving from the analysis of the main features of the by-now-generally accepted reaction mechanism, studies and evidences pointing out the mechanistic peculiarities of these reactions using different nucleophiles HNu that add to the alkyne triple bond are presented and discussed. The effects of the nature of the employed alkyne substrate and of the gold catalyst (employed ligands, counteranions, gold oxidation state), of additional additives and of the reaction conditions are also considered. Aim of this work is to provide the reader with a detailed mechanistic knowledge of this important reaction class, which will be invaluable for rapidly developing and optimizing synthetic protocols involving a gold-catalyzed alkyne hydrofunctionalization as a reaction step.
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21
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Gold-Catalyzed Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes and Allenes: Valuable Tools for Organic Synthesis. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, the application of gold-based catalysts in the hydrofunctionalization reactions of alkynes and allenes with carboxylic acids is comprehensively reviewed. Both intra- and intermolecular processes, leading respectively to lactones and linear unsaturated esters, are covered. In addition, cascade transformations involving the initial cycloisomerization of an alkynoic acid are also discussed.
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22
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Heidrich M, Plenio H. Efficient [(NHC)Au(NTf 2)]-catalyzed hydrohydrazidation of terminal and internal alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2080-2086. [PMID: 32952724 PMCID: PMC7476583 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient hydrohydrazidation of terminal (6a–r, 18 examples, 0.1–0.2 mol % [(NHC)Au(NTf2)], T = 60 °C) and internal alkynes (7a–j, 10 examples, 0.2–0.5 mol % [(NHC)Au(NTf2)], T = 60–80 °C) utilizing a complex with a sterically demanding bispentiptycenyl-substituted NHC ligand and the benign reaction solvent anisole, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximillian Heidrich
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Herbert Plenio
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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23
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Griebel C, Hodges DD, Yager BR, Liu FL, Zhou W, Makaravage KJ, Zhu Y, Norman SG, Lan R, Day CS, Jones AC. Bisbiphenyl Phosphines: Structure and Synthesis of Gold(I) Alkene π-Complexes with Variable Phosphine Donicity and Enhanced Stability. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Griebel
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Dwaine D. Hodges
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Brock R. Yager
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Fred L. Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Wentong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Katarina J. Makaravage
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Yuyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Skylar G. Norman
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Ruichen Lan
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Cynthia S. Day
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Amanda C. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Salem Hall, Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
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24
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Kamble SB, Maliekal PJ, Dharpure PD, Badani PM, Karnik AV. Synthesis of Concave and Vaulted 2 H-Pyran-Fused BINOLs and Corresponding [5] and [7]-Oxa-helicenoids: Regioselective Cascade-Concerted Route and DFT Studies. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7739-7747. [PMID: 32432472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of concave and vaulted 2H-pyran-fused BINOLs has been achieved. A regioselective, path-breaking concerted cascade route allows the placement of six-membered heteroaromatic rings at the sterically crowded 7,8 and 7',8' positions of BINOL. DFT studies with relative energetics that support the kinetically controlled reaction pathway are preferred, matching the experimental results. The new BINOLs exhibit smaller dihedral angle than BINOL on the diol part; this structural feature can be an assisting factor for better ligation with metals in the metal-catalyzed reactions. Corresponding C2 symmetric [5] and [7]-oxa-helicenoids have an overlapping, sterically crowded geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth B Kamble
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz(East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Parimal J Maliekal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz(East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Pankaj D Dharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008 Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purav M Badani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz(East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Anil V Karnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz(East), Mumbai 400098, India
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25
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Sánchez‐Rodríguez EP, Cortés‐Mendoza S, Daran J, Ortega‐Alfaro MC, López‐Cortés JG, Gouygou M. Gold(I) complexes bearing P‐pyrrole phosphine ligands: Synthesis and catalytic activity towards cycloisomerization of 1,6‐enynes. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvia P. Sánchez‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Salvador Cortés‐Mendoza
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Jean‐Claude Daran
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) Université de Toulouse, UPS 205, route de Narbonne Toulouse 31077 France
| | - M. Carmen Ortega‐Alfaro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - José G. López‐Cortés
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Maryse Gouygou
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) Université de Toulouse, UPS 205, route de Narbonne Toulouse 31077 France
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26
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Yazdani S, Junor GP, Peltier JL, Gembicky M, Jazzar R, Grotjahn DB, Bertrand G. Influence of Carbene and Phosphine Ligands on the Catalytic Activity of Gold Complexes in the Hydroamination and Hydrohydrazination of Alkynes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Yazdani
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Glen P. Junor
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Jesse L. Peltier
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Douglas B. Grotjahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093-0358, United States
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27
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PdI2 as a Simple and Efficient Catalyst for the Hydroamination of Arylacetylenes with Anilines. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydroamination reaction is a convenient alternative strategy for the formation of C–N bonds. Herein, we report a new versatile and convenient protocol for the hydroamination of arylacetylenes with anilines using palladium iodide in the absence of any added ligand as catalyst. Mild conditions, excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, and high functional group tolerance are the main features of this methodology. A subsequent reduction step gives access to a wide variety of secondary aromatic amines.
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28
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Zhao Y, Wakeling MG, Meloni F, Sum TJ, van Nguyen H, Buckley BR, Davies PW, Fossey JS. Balancing Bulkiness in Gold(I) Phosphino-triazole Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:5540-5548. [PMID: 31598094 PMCID: PMC6774259 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of a series of 1-phenyl-5-phosphino 1,2,3-triazoles are disclosed, within which, the phosphorus atom (at the 5-position of a triazole) is appended by one, two or three triazole motifs, and the valency of the phosphorus(III) atom is completed by two, one or zero ancillary (phenyl or cyclohexyl) groups respectively. This series of phosphines was compared with tricyclohexylphosphine and triphenylphosphine to study the effect of increasing the number of triazoles appended to the central phosphorus atom from zero to three triazoles. Gold(I) chloride complexes of the synthesised ligands were prepared and analysed by techniques including single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure determination. Gold(I) complexes were also prepared from 1-(2,6-dimethoxy)-phenyl-5-dicyclohexyl-phosphino 1,2,3-triazole and 1-(2,6-dimethoxy)-phenyl-5-diphenyl-phosphino 1,2,3-triazole ligands. The crystal structures thus obtained were examined using the SambVca (2.0) web tool and percentage buried volumes determined. The effectiveness of these gold(I) chloride complexes to serve as precatalysts for alkyne hydration were assessed. Furthermore, the regioselectivity of hydration of but-1-yne-1,4-diyldibenzene was probed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Matthew G. Wakeling
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Fernanda Meloni
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Tze Jing Sum
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLE11 3TULoughboroughLeicestershireUK
| | - Huy van Nguyen
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Benjamin R. Buckley
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLE11 3TULoughboroughLeicestershireUK
| | - Paul W. Davies
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
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29
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Praveen C. Carbophilic activation of π-systems via gold coordination: Towards regioselective access of intermolecular addition products. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Ehianeta TS, Shen D, Xu P, Yu B. Synthesis of spirostanol saponins via gold(I)‐catalyzed glycosylation in the presence of Ga(OTf)
3
, In(OTf)
3
, or HOTf. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teddy Stephen Ehianeta
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Dacheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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31
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Lu Z, Hammond GB, Xu B. Improving Homogeneous Cationic Gold Catalysis through a Mechanism-Based Approach. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1275-1288. [PMID: 31002231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous gold catalysis is regarded as a landmark addition to the field of organic synthesis. It is the most effective way to activate alkynes for the addition of a diverse host of nucleophiles. However, the literature reveals that a relatively high catalyst loading is needed in many gold-catalyzed applications (1-10 mol %), which is impractical in large-scale synthesis or multistep synthesis because of the high price and recyclization difficulty of the gold. A more thorough understanding of the factors that operate on homogeneous gold catalysis can provide better guidelines for the future design of more efficient gold-catalyzed reactions. In this Account, we will summarize our group's extensive investigation of factors impacting cationic gold catalysis, namely, the effects of ligands, counterions, additives, and catalyst decay and deactivation, using a mechanism-based approach with the aim of improving the efficiency of homogeneous gold catalysis. Through NMR-assisted kinetic studies, we investigated the above factors. Our systematic ligand effect investigation provided a clearer understanding of how ligands influence each of the three stages in the gold catalytic cycle. On the basis of this study, we synthesized a novel phosphine ligand and achieved parts per million-level gold catalysis by manipulating the electron density of the substituents and the steric strain around phosphorus. Our investigation of counterion effects led to the design of a gold affinity index and hydrogen-bonding basicity index for counterions, which can forecast the reactivity of counterions in cationic gold catalysis. We studied the adverse silver effects in cationic gold catalyst activation and proposed a more efficient practical guide. Our additive effect investigation revealed that additives that are good hydrogen-bond acceptors increase the efficiency of gold-catalyzed reactions in those occurrences where protodeauration is the rate-determining step. The first detailed experimental analysis of gold catalyst decay and the influence of each component in the reaction system (substrate, counterion, solvent) on the decay process was also conducted. We found that high-gold-affinity impurities (halides, bases) in solvents, starting materials, filtration, or drying agents decrease the reactivity of a gold catalyst but that a suitable acid activator can reactivate the gold catalyst and enable the reaction to proceed smoothly at competitively low gold catalyst loadings. The effects of acid additives were also systematically investigated using typical reactions. We are convinced that better mechanistic understandings will offer clearer guidelines for the search for more efficient gold-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Gerald B. Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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32
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Purnachandar D, Suneel K, Balasubramanian S, Karunakar GV. Gold-carbene assisted formation of tetraarylmethane derivatives: double X-H activation by gold. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4856-4864. [PMID: 31038501 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient gold-carbene promoted generation of tetraarylmethane derivatives from enynones and indoles was accomplished by the formation of a new C-O bond and two C-C bonds. It is significant that (2-furyl) gold-carbene assisted addition of two nucleophiles resulted in the formation of tetraarylmethane derivatives with a quaternary centre in moderate to good yields in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalovai Purnachandar
- Department of Fluoro and Agrochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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33
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Tang Y, Benaissa I, Huynh M, Vendier L, Lugan N, Bastin S, Belmont P, César V, Michelet V. An Original L‐shape, Tunable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Platform for Efficient Gold(I) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- PSL Research University Chimie ParisTech—CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris 75005 Paris France
- University Côte d'Azur Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS Parc Valrose Faculté des Sciences 06100 Nice France
| | - Idir Benaissa
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Mathieu Huynh
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Stéphanie Bastin
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Philippe Belmont
- Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM 4 avenue de l'Observatoire 75006 Paris France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Véronique Michelet
- PSL Research University Chimie ParisTech—CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris 75005 Paris France
- University Côte d'Azur Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS Parc Valrose Faculté des Sciences 06100 Nice France
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34
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Tang Y, Benaissa I, Huynh M, Vendier L, Lugan N, Bastin S, Belmont P, César V, Michelet V. An Original L‐shape, Tunable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Platform for Efficient Gold(I) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7977-7981. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- PSL Research University Chimie ParisTech—CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris 75005 Paris France
- University Côte d'Azur Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS Parc Valrose Faculté des Sciences 06100 Nice France
| | - Idir Benaissa
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Mathieu Huynh
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Stéphanie Bastin
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Philippe Belmont
- Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM 4 avenue de l'Observatoire 75006 Paris France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Véronique Michelet
- PSL Research University Chimie ParisTech—CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris 75005 Paris France
- University Côte d'Azur Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS Parc Valrose Faculté des Sciences 06100 Nice France
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35
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Deck E, Wagner HE, Paradies J, Breher F. Redox-responsive phosphonite gold complexes in hydroamination catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5323-5326. [PMID: 30917193 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01492f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Very high activities were observed in the redox-induced hydroamination of alkynes by employing a redox-active gold(i) complex featuring an electron-deficient, terphenyl-substituted phosphonite-based ligand. The hydroamination proceeds roughly two-fold faster with the in situ oxidized catalysts than with their reduced form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Deck
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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36
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Schwarz C, Handelmann J, Baier DM, Ouissa A, Gessner VH. Mono- and diylide-substituted phosphines (YPhos): impact of the ligand properties on the catalytic activity in gold(i)-catalysed hydroaminations. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The monoylide-phosphines show a linear correlation between their donor strength and their activity in gold-catalysed hydroaminations, while steric congestions leads to lower activities of the diylide congeners despite their higher donor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Schwarz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Jens Handelmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Daniel M. Baier
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Alina Ouissa
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
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37
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Lee YC, Knauer L, Louven K, Golz C, Strohmann C, Waldmann H, Kumar K. Gold(I)-Catalyzed and Nucleophile-Guided Ligand-Directed Divergent Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Lee
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Lena Knauer
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kathrin Louven
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Christopher Golz
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
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38
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Tinnermann H, Nicholls LDM, Johannsen T, Wille C, Golz C, Goddard R, Alcarazo M. N-Arylpyridiniophosphines: Synthesis, Structure, and Applications in Au(I) Catalysis. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Tinnermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leo D. M. Nicholls
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Johannsen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Wille
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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39
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Minami Y, Noguchi Y, Yamada M, Tsuruoka C, Furuya Y, Hiyama T. Synthesis of 1-Substituted 1,3-Dioxybuta-1,3-dienes by Palladium-catalyzed Addition of Methyl Ketones to an Aryl Silylethynyl Ether. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Minami
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yuta Noguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Mayu Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Chisato Tsuruoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yuki Furuya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tamejiro Hiyama
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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40
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Mahamulkar SG, Císařová I, Jahn U. New Phosphine Ligand Architectures Lead to Efficient Gold Catalysts for Cycloisomerization Reactions at Very Low Loading. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha G. Mahamulkar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of theCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryCharles University Prague Hlavova 8 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of theCzech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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41
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Liu D, Nie Q, Zhang R, Cai M. Regiospecific Hydroamination of Unsymmetrical Electron-Rich and Electron-Poor Alkynes with Anilines Catalyzed by Gold(I) Immobilized in MCM-41. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Rongli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang 330022 People's Republic of China
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42
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Leconte N, du Moulinet d'Hardemare A, Philouze C, Thomas F. A highly active diradical cobalt(iii) catalyst for the cycloisomerization of alkynoic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8241-8244. [PMID: 29987295 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04459g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The first cobalt-catalysed cycloisomerisation of alkynoic acids is reported, thanks to the design of a well-defined diradical cobalt(iii) catalyst, in the absence of any additives. The high efficiency, regioselectivity and chemoselectivity are comparable to those of noble metal-based systems. The unique reactivity might be attributed to second coordination sphere effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Leconte
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
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43
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Scherpf T, Schwarz C, Scharf LT, Zur JA, Helbig A, Gessner VH. Ylide-Functionalized Phosphines: Strong Donor Ligands for Homogeneous Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Scherpf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christopher Schwarz
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Lennart T. Scharf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Jana-Alina Zur
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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44
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Scherpf T, Schwarz C, Scharf LT, Zur JA, Helbig A, Gessner VH. Ylide-Functionalized Phosphines: Strong Donor Ligands for Homogeneous Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12859-12864. [PMID: 29862622 PMCID: PMC6174943 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphines are important ligands in homogenous catalysis and have been crucial for many advances, such as in cross‐coupling, hydrofunctionalization, or hydrogenation reactions. Herein we report the synthesis and application of a novel class of phosphines bearing ylide substituents. These phosphines are easily accessible via different synthetic routes from commercially available starting materials. Owing to the extra donation from the ylide group to the phosphorus center the ligands are unusually electron‐rich and can thus function as strong electron donors. The donor capacity surpasses that of commonly used phosphines and carbenes and can easily be tuned by changing the substitution pattern at the ylidic carbon atom. The huge potential of ylide‐functionalized phosphines in catalysis is demonstrated by their use in gold catalysis. Excellent performance at low catalyst loadings under mild reaction conditions is thus seen in different types of transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Scherpf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Schwarz
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennart T Scharf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jana-Alina Zur
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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45
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Sen S, Ke IS, Gabbaï FP. T-Shaped Gold→Stiborane Complexes as Carbophilic Catalysts: Influence of the Peripheral Substituents. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srobona Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Iou-Sheng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - François P. Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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46
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Fürstner A. Gold-Katalyse für die Heterocyclenchemie: eine repräsentative Fallstudie zu Naturstoffen der Pyron-Reihe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Deutschland
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47
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Fürstner A. Gold Catalysis for Heterocyclic Chemistry: A Representative Case Study on Pyrone Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:4215-4233. [PMID: 28862364 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
2-Pyrones and 4-pyrones are common structural motifs in bioactive natural products. However, traditional methods for their synthesis, which try to emulate the biosynthetic pathway of cyclization of a 1,3,5-tricarbonyl precursor, are often harsh and, therefore, not particularly suitable for applications to polyfunctionalized and/or sensitive target compounds. π-Acid catalysis, in contrast, has proved to be better for a systematic exploration of the pyrone estate. To this end, alkynes are used as stable ketone surrogates, which can be activated under exceedingly mild conditions due to the pronounced carbophilicity of [LAu]+ fragments (L=two electron donor ligand); attack of a tethered ester carbonyl group onto the transient alkyne-gold complex then forges the pyrone ring in a fully regiocontrolled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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48
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Wang Z, Ying A, Fan Z, Hervieu C, Zhang L. Tertiary Amino Group in Cationic Gold Catalyst: Tethered Frustrated Lewis Pairs That Enable Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent and Stereoselective Isomerizations of Propargylic Esters. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anguo Ying
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Zili Fan
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Cedric Hervieu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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49
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Lau VM, Pfalzgraff WC, Markland TE, Kanan MW. Electrostatic Control of Regioselectivity in Au(I)-Catalyzed Hydroarylation. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4035-4041. [PMID: 28225605 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Competing pathways in catalytic reactions often involve transition states with very different charge distributions, but this difference is rarely exploited to control selectivity. The proximity of a counterion to a charged catalyst in an ion paired complex gives rise to strong electrostatic interactions that could be used to energetically differentiate transition states. Here we investigate the effects of ion pairing on the regioselectivity of the hydroarylation of 3-substituted phenyl propargyl ethers catalyzed by cationic Au(I) complexes, which forms a mixture of 5- and 7-substituted 2H-chromenes. We show that changing the solvent dielectric to enforce ion pairing to a SbF6- counterion changes the regioselectivity by up to a factor of 12 depending on the substrate structure. Density functional theory (DFT) is used to calculate the energy difference between the putative product-determining isomeric transition states (ΔΔE‡) in both the presence and absence of the counterion. The change in ΔΔE‡ upon switching from the unpaired transition states in high solvent dielectric to ion paired transition states in low solvent dielectric (Δ(ΔΔE‡)) was found to be in good agreement with the experimentally observed selectivity changes across several substrates. Our calculations indicate that the origin of Δ(ΔΔE‡) lies in the preferential electrostatic stabilization of the transition state with greater charge separation by the counterion in the ion paired case. By performing calculations at multiple different values of the solvent dielectric, we show that the role of the solvent in changing selectivity is not solely to enforce ion pairing, but rather that interactions between the ion paired complex and the solvent also contribute to Δ(ΔΔE‡). Our results provide a foundation for exploiting electrostatic control of selectivity in other ion paired systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M Lau
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - William C Pfalzgraff
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Thomas E Markland
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew W Kanan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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50
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Michelet B, Lebœuf D, Bour C, Škoch K, Horký F, Štěpnička P, Gandon V. Catalytic Activity of Gold(I) Complexes with Hemilabile P,N Ligands. Chempluschem 2017; 82:442-448. [PMID: 31962025 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Two new cationic dinuclear gold(I) complexes, [Au2 {μ(P,N)-5}2 ]X2 -in which X=NTf2 (7; Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonate) or SbF6 (8) and 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzonitrile (5) is a P,N-bridging donor-have been synthesized and structurally characterized. These air-stable species and their dimeric and polymeric analogues possessing 1'-(diphenylphosphanyl)-1-cyanoferrocene (1) as the bridging ligand, [Au2 {μ(P,N)-1}2 ](NTf2 )2 and [Au{μ(P,N)-1}]n [SbF6 ]n , were used as precatalysts in various Au-mediated C-C and C-O bond-forming reactions. The reactivity of these complexes revealed the hemilabile nature of their P,N ligands. In the series of tested precatalysts, complex 8 exerted particularly high catalytic activity at low Au loading, even in reactions that usually require high amounts of gold catalyst to proceed efficiently under standard reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Michelet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Karel Škoch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12840, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Horký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12840, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Štěpnička
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12840, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France
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